Ama-shrews yizilwane ezincane ezisakazwa kuwo wonke amazwe enyakatho yezwe. Sekuphelele, kunezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ezingaba ngu-130, ikakhulukazi ezihlala eNyakatho Melika, eYurophu, eNyakatho Asia.
Ama-shrews awagodli imivimbo, kodwa sebenzisa ama-aisles amantongomane, ama-moles, futhi azenzele izindlela zawo ngaphansi kweqhwa nasehlathini phansi. Izilwane azilimazi, ngokuphambene nalokho, zidla izinambuzane nezimbungu zazo, ukubhubhisa inqwaba yezinambuzane zamahlathi namapulazi.
Izinhlobo ze-shrew
Okuvamile
I-shrew Common iyisilwane esivame kakhulu kulezi zinhlobo eRussia.
Ubude bomzimba 6-9 cm, umsila 3.5-5 cm. Isisindo - 6-15 g. Unomboya omnyama, umbhobho ohlangene, izindlebe ezincane namahlo amnyama amnyama.
Ngokuvamile kuvame ukuhlala emahlathini aqinile futhi ahlanganisiwe, ekhetha izindawo ezinomthunzi nezimswakama njengendawo yokuhlala.
Ekhuthele kakhulu ebusuku, eshiya izindawo zokukhosela amahora amabili ngaphambi kokuwa kwebusuku. Kudla izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinambuzane nezibungu zazo, izibungu zomhlaba, amaxoxo, imbewu.
Lo mbono ubonakala ngokucacile esithombeni esibanjwe ngezansi.
Phakathi nesikhathi esilambile angadla i-carrion encane. Ngesikhathi sokudla, kuvame ukuma phezu kwazo zonke izinhlayiya ezine, kodwa inambuzane esheshayo idonsa izibikezelo. Izimpondo ezivamile emagqabeni ezihlahla zingakhuphukela emaqanda amabili noma ama-butterfly.
Ngonyaka uletha ama-broods amathathu. Isikhathi sokubeletha singathatha izinsuku ezingu-18-28, kutholakala ilitha elilodwa kuze kufike ku-10 cubs. Insikazi iyakwakha isidleke samaqabunga neziqu zotshani, zibeka izinto ezilula. Isikhathi sokuphila asikho ngaphezu kweminyaka eyi-1.5.
Ungakwazi ukubona ngokucacile i-shrew evamile kuvidiyo engezansi.
I-shrew encane (yaseMelika)
Baby shrew kuyinto izinhlobo ezincane kunazo zonkeohlala eNyakatho Melika.
Igama laso lesayensi linguSorex hoyi, lesi silwane sithole isibongo sokwemvelo kanye nodokotela waseMelika UFiliphu Hoy.
Uhlala eCanada nase-United States, lapho ehlala khona emahlathini anezihlahla ezinamaqabunga nezihlahla ze-coniferous, kanye nasemoyeni ovulekile.
Ubude bomzimba balezi zinhlobo ze-shrew akubanga ngaphezu kwe-5 cm, kuhlanganise no-2 cm - umsila. Isisindo sifinyelela ku-2-2.5 amagremu. Isigqoko sinomthunzi omnyama obomvu noma obomvu ngemuva, futhi ukhanyisa esiswini. Ngesikhathi sasebusika, wonke ubomvu buyekezwa..
Ibonisa umsebenzi nganoma isiphi isikhathi sosuku, kanye nonyaka wonke. Njengamanye ama-shrews, udla ezinambuzane ezincane, izibungu kanye nezinye izinambuzane ezincane. Izitha zemvelo yizinyoni zezilwane, izinyoka, amakati asekhaya.
Isikhathi sokukhiqiza siqala ezinyangeni zokuqala zasehlobo, ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinsuku ezingu-18. Ngonyaka we-shrew shred uletha ilitha elilodwa kuphelalapho kuvela khona amakhilomitha amathathu kuya kwangu-8.
Okuncane
I-shiny encane - isilwane esincane kakhuluehlala eRussia, kanye nesinye sezilwane ezincane kunazo zonke ezitholakala eYurophu.
Ihlala ensimini evela emazweni aseScandinavia ukuya eMpumalanga Ekude, kuhlanganise noFr. Sakhalin.
Ezindaweni ezisenyakatho, uhlala eduze komngcele we-tundra ne-tundra. Kubhalwe eNcwadini Elubomvu yesifunda saseMurmansk.
Ubude besilwane abukho ngaphezu kwama-5 cm, okuphakathi kwawo u-2.5-3 cm owela emsila. Isisindo esilinganisweni ngu-3-4 amagremu. Inenhloko ebanzi, ephenduka ngokuphawulekayo ibe yi-proboscis.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo ze-shrew, lona unomsila omncane kunabo bonke - kuthatha ubude obufinyelela ku-54%.
Yeka ukuthi ubukhulu obuncane bungabonakala kanjani esithombeni ngezansi.
Umbala wengubo unombala obomvu noma obomvu phezulu futhi ubuhlungu obukhulu esiswini. Umsila uphinde uhlanganiswe noboya obuhle obushintsha ngokucacile kusuka ebumnyameni kuya ekukhanyeni.
Uhlala emahlathini anezinhlobo ezahlukene zemithi., emaphethelweni emifula. I-shrew encane itholakala nase-tundra, ama-desert kanye nama-steppes.
Kodwa ngesikhathi sokuhlala uthanda ngokuqondile lezo zindawo lapho ungathola khona ukudla okuningi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kunjani isizini nemibandela. Idla ezinambuzane ezincane, izibungu, iziphepho.
Ngenxa yokudonswa kwamandla kakhulu zingadla izikhathi ezingaba ngu-80 ngosukuukushintsha lezi zikhathi ngokulala. Lapho ukuzila kufa kungakapheli amahora ambalwa.
Ngonyaka ongu-1-2 amalitha angafakwa, okuyilowo nalowo kufike ku-8 (ngokuvamile ama-4-5) cubs.
Okuncane
I-shrew encane ukudayisa okuncane. Itholakala eYurophu naseRussia - kusukela engxenyeni yaseYurophu naseNingizimu Siberia.
Ubude bomzimba 4-6 cm, kanti umsila ungama-50-70% ubude. Isisindo kufika ku-5 amagremu. I-proboscis ebusweni iyancipha kakhulu, okuyinto, kanye nobude, yilokho umehluko omkhulu walezi zilwane ezivela ku-shrew encane. Umbala woboya ngemuva usuka obala obomvu kuya obomvu, isisu sikhanyisa kakhulu. Ebusika, uboya obumnyama buba ngcono nakakhulu.
I-small shelf lodges emahlathini, izindawo ezinezinyosi, kodwa hhayi kakhulu. Ayithandi izindawo ezivulekile ngotshani owomile. Idla ezinambuzane ezincane, iziphepho, izibungu, kuhlanganise nezibungu zezibungu, izimbali zasemhlabathini, amaqabunga amaqabunga nezinye eziningi. Isebenza usuku lonke.
Isikhathi sokubeletha siphelela lonke ihlobo.ngesikhathi lapho ama-litter angu-1-2 anabantu abangu-4-12 avela esilwaneni.
Isilinganiso
Isilinganiso esiphakathi ngobukhulu bayo sinesimo esiphezulu phakathi kokuncane nokujwayelekile. Iphinda indawo enkulu kusukela eMpumalanga Yurophu kuya eMpumalanga Ekude, eMongolia naseKorea. Lona kuphela i-shrew engatholakala kunoma yiziphi izimo zemvelo ezivela ezikhukhuleni kuya entabeni ye-tundra.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, inani elizinzile lalezi zilwane litholakala kuphela emahlathini ase-larch. Ngenye yezinhlanzi eziningi kakhulu.
I-shrew average isebenzisa izinambuzane nezibunguokuyinto etholakala etafuleni lehlathi, kanye nezibungu, izigubhu, nezinambuzane. Ebusika, kuxhomeke kakhulu ezinhlameni zemifino, ukwehluleka okungaholela ekufeni okukhulu kwesilwane ngesikhathi sokubandayo.
Ukubeletha kwenzeka esikhathini esifudumele, ngokuvamile kudoti kuvela kuma-pups amabili kuya kwangu-11.
Giant
I-giant shrew yiyona eningi kakhulu ummeleli omkhulu walolu hlobo lwezilwane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ihlala endaweni evinjiwe ye-Primorsky Territory, ngakho-ke ifakwe ohlwini lwe-Red Book yaseRussia njengezinhlobo ezingavamile ezinenani elinciphile. Idatha ngenani labantu ayitholakali.
Ubude bomzimba - kusuka ku-7 ukuya ku-10 cm, okuyinto umsila akhawunti 70-75%. Isisindo sifinyelela amagremu angu-14. Umbala wengubo unombala obomvu, ama-antenna amade abonakala kahle emzimbeni (kufika ku-3 cm).
I-giant shrew - isithombe sinamathiselwe.
Kudla izinambuzane nsuku zonke njengoba kunzima. Kulesi simo, isilwane singase sife uma singadli amahora angaphezu kwama-3.
Ukudla okuyinhloko yi-wormsworms, eyakha amaphesenti angu-95 wemenyu yayo. Futhi isebenzisa amaxoxo, izinyoka, amagundane amancane, izithelo zezitshalo.
Ekufuneni kokudla, ingaba nomhlabathi obanzi. Uhlala iminyaka engaba ngu-1.5. Ngonyaka owodwa, abesifazane be-giant shrew baletha inzalo eyodwa kuphela.Nokho, inani lamathole aliziwa.
Izinyo ezilinganayo
I-shino lezinyo elilinganayo linayo umehluko othizeokuyinto evumela ukuyiveza kwezinye izinhlobo - omunye unombala ofanayo womthunzi omnyama, futhi wabiza izinyosi ezinhlanu eziphezulu.
Uhlala endaweni ye-taiga, kusukela eScandinavia kuya ePacific Ocean, itholakala eBelarus (i-species kuphela yezinhlanzi ezihlala kuleli zwe). Uthanda izigodi zomfula. Kufakwe eNcwadini Elubomvu kaKarelia nesifunda saseMoscow.
Ubukhulu bomzimba - 6-9 cm, lapho umsila ubeka khona ku-55%. I-shrew ekhanda elilinganayo inesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-6.5. Idla izinambuzane nezimpungushe zazo, ezitholakala ehlathini. Ebusika, idlulela emhlathini we-spruce kanye nezihlahla ezinqabile.
Phila kuze kube ngu-1.5 iminyaka. Isikhathi sokukhiqiza ekwindla siqala ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo. Abesifazane Isikhathi ngasinye singaletha 1-2 inzalo, Ama-2-10 cubs ngamunye.
I-flat-craned (brown)
I-shrew-craned crew is ezinye izinhlobo ezingaqunyiwe ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izilinganiso. Lokhu kuhlanganisa umbala we-coat wesiciokuyinto iphuma emnyama emuva ekukhanyeni ezinhlangothini nasegrey-white emathunjini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulesi silwane umsila uboya kakhulu.
Indawo yokusabalalisa ye-flat-head shrew ivela ema-Urals kuya ogwini lwe-Pacific Ocean. Uhlala ezindaweni ezincane, ezithambile nasezintabeni, ngokuvamile ezitholakala endaweni yendawo yokuhlala. Uthanda izindawo ze-coniferous taiga.
Ayikho idatha enembile ekudleni. Kungenzeka ukuthi akufani kakhulu nemenyu yabanye abameleli balezi zilwane, okufaka izinambuzane, izibungu kanye nezimbongolo zomhlaba.
Ihluma ngenkathi efudumele, ngesikhathi esisodwa ikwazi ukubeletha ama-8 kuya ku-10 cubs.
Isiphetho
I-shrew itholakala emazweni amaningi, ehlala cishe kuzo zonke izindawo zemvelo - kusuka ku-tundra kuya kwi-steppes.
Ubukhulu bungaba kusuka ku-5 ukuya ku-10 cm, ezinye izinhlobo zezindawo zokuhlala ezilinganiselwe zihlelwe ohlwini lwezincwadi ezibomvu zendawo.
Ukudla kwazo zonke izilwane kuyafana, futhi kuhlanganisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinambuzane, iziphepho nezimpethu. Ukulimaza epulazini akubangeli.
Ufuna ukwazi ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zezihlahla ezikhona, ukuthi ungabasusa kanjani ku-dacha, landela isixhumanisi.
