Izinambuzane yizigaba eziningi zezilwane emhlabeni wethu. Inani lenani lezinhlobo lidlula inombolo yezinhlobo zezitshalo nezinye izilwane ezihlangene.
Akumangazi ukuthi phakathi kwalezi zinhlobonhlobo kukhona izinambuzane zezitshalo nezitshalo nezitshalo zezolimo.
Ngokuyinhloko, isibungu esivamile samabele, inani lezinhlobonhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-15,000, yisibonelo esivamile.
Futhi-ke cabangela uhlobo luni lwesundu.
Incazelo yokubukeka kwesibungu semundu
Njengama-butterflies, izibungu zezinundu abe nombala wokumaumbala wakhe uncike kuhlobo lwezitshalo eziwumthombo oyinhloko wokudla wezinambuzane.
Imizimba emizimba ingabonakali futhi ayinayo i-villi. Ohiphindaphinda nekhono lokwenza sengathi uzenza amagatsha, iziqu, cuttings nezinye izingxenye zalesi sitshalo, ngenxa yokuthi kunzima kakhulu ukuzibona, ngisho nokuthola okusheshayo.
Izithombe zezinhlobo ezahlukene zabahloli:
Lapho kunzima ekugxileni ngokubamba imilenze eyodwa esiswini ngemuva kwesigcawu sesitshalo, baba yizitha ezingabonakali - ondlunkulu, tits, nightingales futhi ezinye izinyoni ezincane. Bafezekisa lokho kuvezwa ngenxa ye-musculature ethuthukile kakhulu.
Uma kwenzeka ukuwa uma kwenzeka umoya oqinile noma ingozi, le nambuzane ikhuphuka eduze ne-filament ehlanganiswe namaqabunga namagatsha.
Ukugqama okungavamile komzimba kunikezela ukuphila kwelinye igama lomndeni - nabo bavame ukubizwa ngokuthi abaphenyi bomhlaba abahlola.
Ukwahlukana kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zabahloli
Hi-moth enkambweni yokukhula ihamba ngezinyathelo eziyisihlanu zentuthuko, okuyizinkathi ezine. Inombala obala obala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka nomugqa omnyama kuwo wonke umhlane nemigqa emithathu emhlophe emihlangothini.
Maphakathi noJuni, izibungu zebusi zasebusika ziwela emhlabathini futhi zingcwatshwe ngamasentimitha angu-15 emhlabathini. Ekupheleni kuka-Agasti nasekuseni kukaSeptemba, izimvemvane zivela ukuthi azikwazi ukuhamba, ngakho-ke ukuvuthwa zikhuphuka iziqu zemithi.
Indawo yokuqashisa ikhethwe ngokuvamile imifantu encane eduze nezinso, lapho ubeke amaqanda angama-400.
I-pine moth nayo inemibala eluhlaza.kodwa inezinhlangothi eziningi ezimhlophe ezihlangene - 5. Iqhubekela phambili ekwindla, egoqa phansi ehlathini.
Inundu yokugcoba ihlanzekile ngokuphelele ngezimpawu ezimnyama neziphuzi. Emithini enomtholampilo ungathola amacimbi omdala we-moth enqabile kakhulu embala omnundu nombala ophuzi nezindawo ezimnyama ezibomvu nombala ophuzi ophuzi ohlangothini.
Yiziphi izitshalo ezithinta amabhu?
Izibungu zalolu daba zimelela izinsongo cishe zonke izihlahla nezitshalo ezikhula eRussia nakwamanye amazwe e-CIS.
Isikhathi esisebenzayo i-pine moth iyawa July - September. Ngalesi sikhathi, isibungu siyakwazi ukulimaza kakhulu emahlathini, siphele ngokuphelele izinaliti zezihlahla.
Ugqumugqumu udla amahlamvu hhayi ugqumugqumu kuphela, njengoba igama layo lisho, kodwa futhi uthanda ukudla ama-currants kanye ne-hazel ehlathini entwasahlobo nasekwindla.
I-Peppered-ragged okukhethiwe kancane futhi udla amaqabunga ezitshalo eziningi eziqhumayo, kubandakanya izithelo.
Ebusika i-moth iyinhloko isitha sazo zonke izihlahla zezitshalo nezihlahla, kuhlanganise apula, eliphakathi kwe, currant kanye okusajingijolo.
Izindlela zokulwa namacimbi aphihliwe
Ingozi enkulu kakhulu for izingadi kanye nemifino iyinundu yasebusika. Ngesikhathi esisodwa njalo eminyakeni engama-6-8, abesifazane balezi zilwane babonisa ukufiphala okukhulu kakhulu., kukhona ukuqubuka kokukhiqiza, okungahlala iminyaka engaba ngu-3.
Enye yezindlela eziphumelelayo kakhulu zokulwa nayo iyimbulunga yokugaya inhlabathi ngaphansi kwezihlahla zezithelo nezitshalo, lapho zonke izinhlayiya zihlolwe khona ukuba khona kweziphuphu.
Ngaphandle kwenhlabathi evame ukumba njalo amasonto amabili, izindlela eziphumelela kakhulu ziyizi:
- Ukwelashwa kwe-Cron oleocuprite futhi DNOC entwasahlobo kuze kuphele ukuphela kweqhwa leqhwa. Futhi inombolo yomuthi ephumelelayo 30.
- Ukutshala izitshalo ngaphambi kokuqala kwesisombululo sezimbali karbofos.
- Ukwelashwa kwama-insecticide uma izibungu ezizukulwane zokuqala zivela.
- Futhi, inani labantu ngabomvu ebusika lilawulwa kahle yi-belt mtebe, okuhlanganiswe ngqo namagquma kude no-20-30 cm emhlabathini. Ivemvane ekhuphuka esihlahleni somuthi ukuze ibeke amaqanda ayikwazi nje ukweqa lesi sithiyo. Ngo-Okthoba, ibhande elinjalo kumele lisuswe futhi lishiswe.
Lokhu kubalulekile! Enye indlela enhle, okudingayo ukuthi akukho lutho oluyinkimbinkimbi, ukuheha izinyoni - ondlunkulu kanye nezinkanyezi. Ukubheka isikhathi eside kubonisa ukuthi ukutholakala kwezindawo zezinyoni kanye nabanikezeli bezinsimu ensimini kukuvumela ukuba ugweme ukuqubuka kwezinqwaba zamacimbi.
Ngokuqondene ne-pine moth, i-raking ye-litter ehlathini ngesikhathi sekwindla izoholela ekufeni kwabaningi be-pupae. Ukutshala izingulube ezifuywayo futhi kuyindlela ephumelelayo yokulwa, ngoba izibungu zezidakamizwa yizintandokazi zabo ezizithandayo.
Ukuqeda ugqumugqumu inundu okwanele ukukhiqiza iqoqo elivamile lamacimbi kusukela ezihlahleni zezithelo nemithi kanye nokubhujiswa kwabo okulandelayo ngokushisa. Ngenxa yombala wabo, izibungu zibonakala ngokucacile, ngakho izenzo ezinjalo ngeke zidale ubunzima obukhulu. Futhi ukuphalaza ngesisombululo se-arsenic kuzosiza. ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
Ukuphikiswa ngu yenza njengendlela ephumelelayo yomzabalazo ukusetshenziswa kwamabhande weglue.
E-Russia, isabelo salesi siyalo sezinambuzane singaba ngu-12-15% we-lepidoptera. Ngenxa yokuthi ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane zibhekene nokuqhamuka kokukhiqiza inqwaba, okukhuthazwa ikakhulukazi ngokunyuka kwamazinga okushisa ebusika emazweni amaningi, lezi zinambuzane zingabangela ingozi enkulu engadini nezitshalo nezamasimu.
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