30 kg utamatisi kusuka ehlathini eyodwa: inganekwane noma ngokoqobo? Konke mayelana nendlela yokutshala utamatisi emgqonyeni

Namuhla, izindlela ezintsha zokutshala imifino zivame ukukhula, okwenza kube lula ukuvuna isivuno esikhulu esakhiweni esincane. Ithuba langempela linikezwa ngokutshala utamatisi emgqonyeni. Ukuthi kuzosebenza njengemibhede.

Kulesi sihloko sizohamba ngezinyathelo sitshele ukuthi ingakanani indlela, indlela yokutshala utamatisi emgqonyeni, mayelana nokulungiselela imiphongolo nembewu, mayelana nezinhlobonhlobo zezitamatisi zokukhula emgqonyeni, mayelana nokuhamba, ukuchelela kanye nomphumela okulindelekile, futhi ubonise isithombe.

Okuyinhloko yendlela

Okubalulekile kwalendlela kubhekene nokwakhiwa kwesimiso esinamandla kakhulu sotamatisi esihlahleni. Igcwalisa cishe sonke isikhala somgqomo, ngoba kunezimo ezinhle kakhulu lapho. Ukuba nezimpande ezinjalo, utamatisi uhluma futhi uthuthuke kakhulu.

Isithombe

Yilokho utamatisi akhulile emabhaleni abukeka sengathi.

Izinzuzo nokuqeda

Utamatisi okhulayo emgqonyeni unenzuzo eningi:

• Ngalendlela, ngaphezu kokulondoloza isikhala, imali esetshenzisiwe ekunciphiseni.
• Ama-moles namanye ama-shrews awakwazi ukuwafinyelela.
• Njengoba utamatisi ehlathini awuhlangene nomhlabathi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunciphisa ingozi yezilokazane nezifo.
• Umgqomo awunawo phansi, ngakho-ke amanzi angaphezulu angeke ahlale, futhi izimpethu zingene kalula emhlabathini.
• Asikho isidingo sokwakha i-greenhouse, ngoba ekuqaleni kwama-frosts isitshalo singagubungelwa nge-foil.

Ukulungiselela

Ukothula utamatisi emgqonyeni kudinga imisebenzi ethile yokulungiselela:

Amandla

1. I-bottom of the barrel ekhethiwe isusiwe, futhi izimbobo eziyi-1 zenziwe ezindongeni, okufanele zitholakale esigabeni ngasinye esingama-20 * 20 cm. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuba kube ne-oxygen engcono kunezimpande zamatamatisi.
2. Ngomgqomo udinga ukukhetha indawo evutha kakhulu ngemisebe yelanga.
3. Ngaphansi kakhulu kudingekile ukuthululela ungqimba lwesentimitha se-urgasy - umanyolo okhethekile olungiselelwe usebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-EM. Kuhilela ukusetshenziswa kwamagciwane ezincane ezenza inhlabathi ibe yindawo enhle evulekile ngaphandle kokufaka umquba wokufakelwa kanye namakhemikhali anobuthi. Ngenxa yalokho, isivuno siyoba ngaphezulu kakhulu.
4. Isendlalelo esilandelayo, futhi no-10 cm, kuyoba ingxube yesilinganiso esifanayo:
   • umquba;
   • inhlabathi evamile;
   • umhlaba we-sod.

Imbewu yamatamatisi

Imbewu kudingeka ihlelwe ngaphambi kokutshala. Kufanele babe:

• i-intact;
• okukhulu;
• ifomu elifanele.

Izitshalo ezinhle kakhulu zezitshalo ngonyaka odlule. Ukulungiswa kwembewu yokuhlwanyela kuqukethe ukucwiliswa kwemithi nokugcoba. Ukuqoqa izithombo kwenziwa ezitsheni ezinkulu (indlela yokutshala utamatisi ngaphandle kokukhipha, funda lapha). Lokhu kuzovumela uhlelo lwempande ukuba luthuthuke kangcono.

Izinhlobonhlobo ezingcono kakhulu zokutshala utamatisi emgqonyeni yizinhlobo ezilandelayo:

I-giant yama-pink

Isihlahla salolu hlobo oluvuthiwe utamatisi lukhula luye ku-1.5 m nangaphezulu. Izithelo ziphuma ngesisindo esikhulu, i-pulp enomsoco, ukunambitheka okumnandi.

Ilya Muromets

U-Ilya Muromets utamatisi wezithelo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ulinganisa amagremu angu-300. Ukukhula kwehlathi kufinyelela ku-2 m. Utamatisi uvuthwe izinsuku ezingu-100.

De barao

Izinhlobo zezinhlupho uDeborao ngezinye izikhathi zikhula zibe yi-3 m. Lawa utamatisi ovunguzayo afika ngemibala ehlukene:

• ophuzi;
• obomvu;
• omnyama

Usizo! Izinhlobonhlobo ziveza isivuno saso esikhulu, nakuba sivuthwa kakhulu.

Tarasenko

Utamatisi we-Hybrid Tarasenko uhlukile ekukhuleni okuphezulu. Izithelo zinombala obomvu obomvu nokunambitheka okumnandi. Kusuka egatsheni elilodwa lingasuswa cishe ngo-3 kg wezotamatisi. Izihlahla zikhula kahle elangeni nasemthunzini oyingxenye.

I-Scarlet Mustang

Utamatisi obunhlobonhlobo Scarlet Mustang njengokwakheka okuthakazelisayo. Ubude bezithelo kusuka ku-10 cm kuya ku-14 cm. Kuphakama kakhulu, kungathobeki ekunakekeleni.

Königsberg

Utamatisi amade Königsberg akulungele ukukhula emgqonyeni. Izithelo ezibomvu ezithwetshiwe zinobuningi obukhulu futhi bunambitheka kakhulu.

Budenovka

Uhlobo lwe-Budenovka lukhula ngobukhulu obukhulu. Uzizwa enhle emgqonyeni futhi unikeza isivuno esihle. Lezi utamatisi nxazonke unesikhumba esincane kakhulu. Izithelo ngesikhathi sokugcina isikhathi eside zigcina ukunambitheka kwazo.

Zonke lezi zinhlobonhlobo zimelela ukumelana nesithwathwa nokungahloniphi.

Ukulungiselela konke okuqukethwe

Ngalokho Ukwenza umuthi utamatisi emgqonyeni omkhulu, udinga ukusebenzisa Urgas. Ukuqeqeshwa kwakhe kuqhutshwa yonke unyaka.

1. Ibhakede lepulasitiki elidala lithathwa, phansi lapho i-grate efakwe khona ukuphakama okuphansi.
2. Izindonga zamabhakede kufanele zibekwe ngesikhwama sepulasitiki ngezimbobo ezansi.
3. Yonke imfucuza yekhishi ifakwa kuyo.

Ukugeleza kwamanzi kungasetshenziswa njengomanyolo wezimbali zasendlini.

Ithebhu ngayinye kufanele ihlungwe ngokulungiselela "i-Baikal EM1", lapho kunamabhaktheriya, ifafaza i-sourdough ekhuphuka, bese icindezela phansi ngomthwalo ohlanganiswe esikhwameni. Ibhakede kufanele livalwe ngokuqinile.

U-Sourdough Urgasy owenziwe ngotshani wekhishi elomisiwe nelomisiwe:

1. Ku-1 kg yalesi siqalisi udinga ukungeza u-5 tbsp. l "I-Baikal EM1", le nhlanganisela ifakwa esikhwameni, umthwalo ubeka phezulu.
2. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-7, uxoke futhi ume. Le nhlanganisela kusiza utamatisi amahlumela akhule ngokushesha.

Ukulungiswa kwe-EM-compost kuhluke ngokujwayelekile ngoba kuqukethe izingxenye ezichotshoziwe. I-porosity yesisindo izuzwa ngokufaka u-10 kg we-sawdust nge-100 kg yenhlanganisela. Konke kufanele kuxutshwe kahle futhi uchithe isendlalelo ngasinye ngesisombululo sokulungiselela i-EM-1 (100 ml ngalinye 10 l amanzi) kanye no-100 ml we-jam engeyona i-acidic, lapho kungekho amajikijolo. Umquba kufanele ube nomswakama okungenani u-60%. Ingasetshenziswa emva kwezinsuku ezingu-60.

Ukufika

Izithombo zamatamatisi zitshalwe ikakhulukazi phakathi kukaMeyi.:

1. Ngemuva kokuba umgqomo uthathe indawo elangeni, emkhatsini owodwa, izitshalo ezi-4-5 zitshalwe ekujuleni kwe-5 cm.
2. Amapheshana amancane kudingeka asuse.
3. Ebusuku, umgqomo uhlanganiswe nefilimu ukuvimbela izitshalo ekuqhenqeni.
4. Ngemuva kokuthi zikhule zibe ngu-10 cm, inhlabathi ithululelwa phezulu, lapho kukhona khona izakhi. Le nqubo yenziwa kuze kube yilapho umgqomo ugcwala ngokuphelele umhlaba.

Okuningi mayelana nemithetho kanye nobuqili bokutshala utamatisi, funda lapha.

Ukunakekela nokuphuza

Ekuqaleni kwehlobo, utamatisi okhulayo emgqonyeni awudingi ukulinganisa. Kuyinto efiselekayo ngokuphambene ukuze amafrishi amaningi afane. Ngokuvamile zakhiwa zisuka ku-20 kuya ku-30, ngasinye sinama-ovari angu-8-15. Ngenxa yesikhulu samahhala angaphansi kwamaqabunga aphansi namagqabhezana, aqala kancane kancane ukuhamba emhlabathini, azovala umgqomo. Phakathi noJulayi isihlahla sizophendukela esihlahleni somtamatisi wangempela, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukulungisa:

• i-trunk;
• amagatsha;
• amahlumela aphezulu.

Lapho ukhula utamatisi emanzini emigodini kunamandla. Badinga amanzi amaningi. Qinisekisa ukuqapha umswakama wenhlabathi emgqonyeni. Kufanele kube ngu-60-70%. Ungayinquma ngale ndlela: uma inhlama yenhlabathi icindezelwa kancane, amanzi kufanele akhululwe. Thela utamatisi emgqonyeni kunzima, okweqile kuyovuza, ngoba akukho phansi.

Utamatisi phakathi nhlobo ehlobo isebenzisa cishe zonke izakhi ezibekwa emgqonyeni wenhlabathi. Ukondla umuthi we-tomato, ungasebenzisa umkhulumeli we-EM-compost.

Ukupheka udinga:

1. Thatha noma yisiphi isitsha, ingxenye yesithathu yayo egcwele isilinganiso esilingana nenhlanganisela yenhlabathi kusuka EM-compost kanye ne-sod land.
2. I-upstairs uthele amanzi kuphela ngoba ingenayo i-chlorine.
3. Zonke zihamba usuku.

Lelixazululo kunconywa ukuba uchithe isihlahla samahlumela kathathu ngesonto.

Izinsiza

Ukwelula ukuqhuma akuzange kuphule, udinga ukuhlela ukwesekwa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, eduze komgqomo ezinhlangothini zombili, udinga ukumba emapulini amade okubopha amahlumela. Ungakwazi ukwelula ucingo phakathi kwabo ngesimo segridi noma ngqo igridi enezikhulu ezinkulu, khona-ke amagatsha azolala kuwo.

Umphumela

Utamatisi okhulayo emgqonyeni unikeza imiphumela emihle. Kusukela esihlahleni esisodwa se-tomato singaqoqa kuze kufike ku-30 ​​kg. Kuzoveza izithelo kuze kube phakathi kwekwindla; ungagcina isithelo esisha ngaphambi kwamaholidi omnyaka omusha. Ukwenza lokhu, ngoSeptember kubalulekile ukumboza isihlahla ngesikhumba se-Acrylic No. 17, simboze ngefilimu phezulu. Utamatisi okhulile usebenzisa i-urgasy, i-EM-compost, unamathenda omuhle kakhulu nezinzuzo eziwusizo.

Iziphambeko Ezivamile

1. Enye yeziphambeko ezivamile eziholela ekuvuneni okuphansi ukukhetha izinhlobo ezingafanelanga utamatisi (yiziphi izinhlobo zotamatisi ezifanele ukukhula, funda lapha).
2. Futhi, ungasebenzisi umquba omningi kakhulu kaningi. Utamatisi ukhetha ukugqoka okuphezulu lapho izakhi ezintathu ezibalulekile zilinganisela khona:
   • i-nitrogen;
   • i-phosphorus;
   • i-potassium.

   Uma i-nitrogen iqukethe ukuhlushwa okuphezulu kwesisombululo sezakhi, lokhu kuzokwenza ukuthi kuthuthukiswe umthamo we-vegetative, futhi kuthinte izithelo. Umquba omusha ubhubhisa ikakhulukazi kule ndaba.

3. Iphutha lokungahambisani nemodi yokunisela. Utamatisi uqala ukugula kaningi ngoba ngenxa yokukhukhumezeka okubuthakathaka, isizathu salokhu kungaphezulu futhi ukuchelela njalo. Uma lesi sitshalo singasetshenzisiwe kahle, ngeke sikwazi ukuthatha ngokugcwele i-calcium emhlabathini. Ngenxa yalokho, amabala amnyama atholakala eziqongweni ze-utamatisi.

Indlela yokutshala utamatisi emgqonyeni ibhekwa ngempumelelo ngenxa yokushisa okusheshayo kwenhlabathi namanzi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kukhona isikhala esincane. Abalimi abanolwazi bayeluleka wonke umuntu ukuba azame ukusebenzisa lolu buchwepheshe obusha esakhiweni sabo.