Yiziphi izinzuzo zokutshala imbewu ye-tomato ezindebe ezihlukene nendlela yokukhulisa izithombo ezinjalo?

Isigaba esilungele ukulungiselela ukutshala izithombo kusuka imbewu utamatisi siqala ngasekupheleni ebusika - ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.

Kwakuyi-sikhathi lapho abalimi be-amateur noma bezobuchwepheshe benza khona ukuthenga noma ukulungiselela inhlabathi, imbewu, kanye namadivaysi okukhanyisa okufakelwayo izithombo zekusasa.

Izimo eziwusizo kakhulu futhi ezakhayo zokuthola isivuno esihle sotamatisi, phakathi kwamanye amaningi, ukutshala izithombo ezinkomishi.

Okuyinhloko yendlela

Imbewu yamatamatisi itshalwa ezincane ezincibilikisiwe.. Izithombo zizoba kubo kuze kube sekutshalwe endaweni evulekile. Ngaphansi kokusetshenziswa kwalendlela, ama-dive asetshenzisiwe awadingeki.

Izintandokazi

• Ukufinyelela emoyeni okukhulu kunezimpande zezithombo.
• Ukunciphisa umthelela omubi wokuchelela okuningi.
• Ayikho i-interweaving yezimpande zezitshalo eziseduze. Ukuhlukaniswa kwezimpande ezihlangene lapho etshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile kubangela ingozi yokulimala kwamagundane ezimpandeni.
• Kungenzeka izithombo ezikhulayo ngaphandle kokufakelwa okungeziwe (ukudonsa) esitsheni esikhulu.
• Uma kwenzeka isifo sezimpande zesitshalo esisodwa, ukutheleleka akufaki kwabanye, umphumela wayo ukhawulelwe ingilazi.

Ukungalungi

• Isidingo sokuqapha okuqhubekayo kokutholakala komswakama wenhlabathi (uma kwenzeka iziqukathi ze-peat).
• Kukhona izinga eliphansi lezinto ezisetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwezinkomishi ze-peat (iphesenti eliphezulu kakhulu lephepha, okuzokwenzelwa ukuvula umswakama kanye nezakhi ezimpandeni).

Uma iminyaka eyishumi yokuqala kaMeyi ibonakala ngokushisa okuqhubekayo, udinga ukubuyela ezinsukwini ezingu 65-70 ezedlule kwikhalenda - lokhu kuzoba yisikhathi esihle sokutshala imbewu usebenzisa lobu buchwepheshe.

Yisiphi isayizi nohlobo okufanele kube yisitsha?

Ukusetshenziswa okujwayelekile kakhulu ukutshala utamatisi izinkomishi ze-peat moss (i-peat moss inikeza ukuvikelwa okunokwethenjelwa kwezimpande kusuka kokubola). Isithombo se-tomato sitshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile ngilazi.

Ungasebenzisa izitsha ezenziwe yedwa. I-elula kakhulu - izinkomishi zepulasitiki. Umthamo omuhle ungama-500 ml, lokhu kuzovumela ukuthi ungenzi i-dive, uma usebenzisa izindebe ngevolumu ye-100 ml, utamatisi ukhule kuze kuvele amapheshana 2-3. Ungakwazi ukusika ivolumu edingekayo kanye nebhodlela leplastiki, amabhokisi amakhodibhodi amancane afanele ubisi.

Isimo esiyinhloko uma usebenzisa ipulasitiki noma ezinye iziqukathi ezilungisiwe: izimbobo kufanele zenziwe phansi ukuze ugweme ukuqoqwa kwamanzi emva kokuphuza izitshalo. Lapho ukufika emhlabathini izithombo zithathwa kanye nomhlabathi kusuka izibuko.

Izigaba zokulungiselela imbewu

• Ukwenqaba.
• Ukususwa kwe-disinfection.

Cishe ngelinye ilanga ngaphambi kokutshala imbewu, ziyanqatshwa. Lesi senzo siyadingeka uma imbewu evunwe eminyakeni engu-3-4 eyedlule izosetshenziswa. Kuncike ekutheni imbewu elungiselelwe ukutshala ingcono, inqubo yokubamba iyinhlangano yokuzikhethela.

1. Ukuze ukhethe imbewu ephakeme kakhulu kuyadingeka ukuba uthele isigamu seglasi yamanzi, uthele kuwo futhi ususe isipuni sikasawoti.
2. Thela imbewu ibe yisisombululo bese uyishiya imizuzu engu-10.
3. Imbewu eluhlaza yemvuno oyifunayo ngeke isinike, ilahlwa ngokuphepha.
4. Imbewu esele ihlanjululwa kusuka kasawoti, itshalwe ezinkomeni ngezindlela ezimbili: ivuvule noma iyomile.

Ngokuphathelene nezindlela ezingcono kakhulu zombono abagadi balimi bahlukana. Njengoba imbewu izohluma ezindaweni ezimnandi zokushisa, ungawahlwanyela.

Ukuze uhlwanyele imbewu ngaphambi kokutshala, bathululelwa epulatifeni ngendwangu ehambelaniswe ngamanzi, ehlanganiswe nesembozo esivelele futhi igcinwe amahora angu-24.

Ukuze i-disinfection, imbewu iphathwa ngamanganese.. Ama-crystals angu-1-2 ahlakazwa ngamanzi ekamelweni lokushisa ukuze amanzi angabi nemibala, futhi imbewu ifakwe kuwo imizuzu engu-15.

Ukukhethwa kwenhlabathi ngamatamatisi

Lapho ukhetha inhlabathi esitolo, qiniseka ukuthi ubheke ukuba khona kwe-phosphorus, i-nitrogen ne-potassium ekubunjweni kwayo ku-400 mg / l. Uma kungenjalo, ukudla okunomsoco wezithombo zotamatisi ngeke kwanele.

Umhlaba ungalungiswa ekhaya. Ukuze wenze lokhu, xuba i-70% yezwe, i-15% yesihlabathi, umlotha omuhle, i-peat (sawdust), i-15% yama-humus.

Ukuqeda imiphumela yamagciwane ezinomhlabathi ezitshalweni, inhlabathi ingasetshenziswa i-disinfected: ithavini ehhavini ekushiseni okuphakeme ngamaminithi angu-60 noma ichithe ngamanzi abilayo. Ngemuva kwenqubo, inhlabathi iphinda iphuze futhi igcinwe izinsuku ezingu-14. ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa ekushiseni.

Indlela yokutshala imbewu?

• Ukuze ugcwalise inhlabathi ezitsheni ezilungiselelwe, kancane ukucindezela. Ivolumu okufanele ihlale emhlabathini - 2/3 wevolumu.
• Ukunisela
• Ukusatshalaliswa kwembewu emathangi (2-4 izingcezu / indebe):
  1. uthele inhlabathi engu-1-1.5 cm phezu kwembewu, uthele;
  2. ukumboza iziqukathi nge imbewu ye-polyethylene ukugcina umswakama;
  3. Uma kuvela amagciwane, thumela izinkomishi endaweni enokukhanya okuhle. Ukukhanya akusebenzi indima ebalulekile ngaphambi kokuhluma kwenzalo.

Indlela yokukhulisa izithombo?

• Lapho amahlumela okuqala evela, kubalulekile ukuhlinzeka ngokubambisana okuncane nxazonke.
• Azikho izidingo ezikhethekile zenqubo yokunisela, inhlabathi kumele ihlale imanzi, futhi ihlume ngezihluma ngezikhathi ezithile.
• Nsuku zonke, kuyadingeka ukuvula izithombo ukukhanya kwelanga ngakolunye uhlangothi ukuze izithombo zingaphenduki.
• Lapho kusungulwa isimo sezulu esifudumele, amahlumela amancane kudingeka afundiswe ezimweni zokushisa zomhlabathi ovulekile: okokuqala ugcine izinkomishi ezinezintambo ngemaminithi angu-10-15 ebhaleni, kancane kancane ukwandisa lesi sikhathi.
• Kanye kanye namasonto amabili, ukufaka umanyolo wengeziwe ezinkomishi ezinezithombo: urea, i-potassium usawoti kanye ne-Superphosphate zixutshwe ngamanzi angu-1 (0.5 g, 1.5 g, 4 g, ngokulandelana). Isikhathi sesibili sikholwa ngalesi silinganiso: 4 g we-Superphosphate, 0.6 g we-ammonium nitrate kanye no-2 g we-potassium sulphate yengezwe ilitha lamanzi. Ukwakhiwa kwesondlo sesithathu kuhlanganisa urea kuphela.

Indlela yokutshala utamatisi ezinkomishi kakhulu isindisa izithombo ezikhulayo zesikhathi; Kuyinto elula futhi elula, ngakho-ke kufanelekile kulabo abasanda kuqala ukuqonda izinkinga zokukhiqizwa kwezitshalo. Ekugcineni imithetho echazwe ngenhla kanye nokuhlolisisa isitshalo, isitshalo sizojabulisa ngokuchichima nokunambitheka.