Utamatisi unelungelo elihle, ukunambitha nokuzuza. Izwe labo lizwe elifudumele. EYurophu, beza kuqala njengezitshalo zokuhlobisa. Ezimweni ezishisayo, izitshalo ezingenakuqhathaniswa nezelanga azidingi ukugcinwa ngokucophelela. Kodwa enyakatho zikhulile kakhulu ngokucophelela. Izithombo ezinempilo ziqinisekisa ukuvuna okukhulu kwezamatamatisi. Kwabaningi, izithombo zilula, ziphenduka futhi ziqale ukuphumula. Kodwa ungakwazi ukugwema lezi zinkinga ngokulandela imithetho elula.
Inani lezwe elikhethiwe kahle
Ingxube yehlabathi enhle kakhulu inquma ukulimala okuningi. Uma kungakalungi, utamatisi uzogula futhi ubuthakathaka. Awukwazi ukusebenzisa nje umhlaba wensimu noma inhlabathi yendawo yokushisa, lokhu cishe akunakwenzeka.
Izithombo zika utamatisi zilungiselelwe kusuka ezinhlangothini eziningana, futhi zidinga ukulungiselela okufanelekile. Utamatisi unesimiso se-branched surface, okungama-70% awo aqukethe izimpande ezithandayo. Isakhiwo esinjalo sinikeza ingxenye engenhla yesitshalo ngesimiso esidingekayo kanye nezondlo.
Izinzuzo kanye nokungalungi kwenhlabathi eyenziwe ngokwenziwa
Uma kungenakwenzeka ukusebenzisa amathengi athengiwe, Ungakwazi ukupheka umhlabathi owodwa. Ukwenziwa ngesandla kuhlale kuphephile, ikakhulukazi njengoba izithombo zotamatisi zifuna kakhulu emhlabathini.
Izinzuzo zomhlabathi owakhiwe:
- Ungakwazi ukupheka ngokusho iresiphi eqondile futhi ugcine inombolo eqondile yezinto ezilandelanayo ozidingayo.
- Ukulondoloza izindleko.
Izinkinga:
- Isikhathi esikhulu sokupheka.
- Udinga ukulandela ngokunembile iresiphi.
- Inhlabathi ingahle ingcolile.
- Ukuthola nokuthenga izingxenye ezifanele ukususa kungathatha isikhathi esiningi nemali.
Ukwakhiwa
Izingxenye ezidingekayo
Ukupheka ukwakheka kwakho utamatisi, udinga:
- umhlaba noma imifino;
- i-peat engeyona i-acidic (pH 6.5);
- isanti (mhlawumbe umfula noma wageza);
- i-humus noma i-compost evuthiwe;
- i-ash ash (noma i-dolomite);
- i-sphagnum moss;
- izinaliti eziwile.
Izingxenye ezingavumelekile
Ungasebenzisi ama-organic fertilizer asezingeni lokubola. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukushisa okukhulu kukhishwa, lapho imbewu ingashisa khona (futhi uma ikwazi ukukhuphuka, izoqhubeka ishona ngokushisa okuphezulu).
Ukungcola kobumba akusetshenziswanga, njengoba benza isisindo somhlabathi futhi sinzima kakhulu.
Kubalulekile! Emhlabathini kukhona ukuqoqwa okusheshayo kwezinsimbi ezinzima, ngakho-ke akufanele usebenzise umhlaba, osemgwaqweni omkhulu omatasa.
Indlela yokulungisa ukuxuba inhlabathi ekhaya utamatisi?
Uma uthenga ingxube enhlabathini eyenziwe ngomumo kunethuba lokuthola umhlaba omuncu we-peat. Ngisho nokwengezwa kwamaminerali amaminerali, ukuthuthukiswa okufisa kwezinhlamvu zikatamatisi okuhloswe ngazo ukuhlwanyela akukwazi ukutholakala emhlabeni wokutshala. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, umhlabathi wezithombo utamatisi ngabahlali basehlobo abanolwazi kwenziwa ngesandla.
Ungayilungisa kanjani umhlaba izithombo zotamatisi ekhaya? Lungiselela ngokuxuba. Ukwenza lokhu, i-polyethylene isakazeka emhlabathini futhi ithululelwe ngokulingana okulungile kwesakhi ngasinye.
Izithombo zikhiqizwa kanje.:
- Enye ingxenye ye-peat kanye nesihlabathi somfula ingeziwe engxenyeni eyodwa yezwe le-sod.
- Ingxube eholayo ixutshwe kahle, bese isetshenziselwa isisombululo sezakhi esakhiwa ngama-25-30 amagremu we-superphosphate, i-potassium sulfate nama-gramu angu-10 we-urea ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi.
Enye indlela:
- I-Sods, i-peat ne-humus ixutshwe ngokulinganisela okulinganako.
- Khona-ke kwenziwa ngale ndlela: amabhokisi amabili womdlalo we-superphosphate kanye nengxenye-u-litre engamanzi yomlotha ayengezwa kubhakede elilodwa le-substrate.
Esikhathini sokuqala sokuhluma imbewu, akudingi izici eziningi zokulandelela. Ngakho-ke, ungasebenzisi ngokweqile umquba lapho ulungiselela inhlabathi yezithombo, inhlabathi yokuqala iyondla ngokwayo. Izitshalo zidingwa ngesikhathi lapho amaqabunga okuqala avela khona. Ukudla okunomsoco owenziwe ngamanzi ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa amasonto ambalwa emva kokuhluma.
Ukuze ulungise ngokunembile inhlabathi efanele utamatisi, bukela ividiyo:
Ukususwa kwe-disinfection
Ukucwiliswa kwe-disinfection kuyadingeka ukuze kubhubhise amagciwane. Kunezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokuhlanza izithombo. Omunye wabo - promorozka. Ezinye izindlela zifaka ama-disinfectants kanye nokwelashwa kwe-steam.
- Indlela eyodwa. I-mix yolungiswa yomhlaba iqukethe ixazululo le-potassium permanganate (3 g ngalinye ngamaminithi ayi-10 l) amanzi, bese iqhubeka isetshenziswe ngamalungiselelo antifungal.
- Indlela yesibili. Umhlaba wezithombo ufakwa esikhwameni sendwangu noma isitsha esixubile futhi usethelwe ukuze uthathe amaminithi angu-45. Ungagcoba umhlaba kuhhavini, kodwa-ke, kanye nezifo, izidakamizwa ezidingekayo ziyophela.
Usizo! Ngokushesha lapho kukhishwa ukubola, kungenzeka ukubeka imbewu enhlanganisela yezinto zobumba.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Acidity
Lapho ulungiselela inhlabathi utamatisi, kubalulekile ukuhlola izinga layo le-asidi. Ngomhlabathi omncane kakhulu we-acidic kunomlenze omnyama kanye ne-keel. Kunezindlela eziningana zokunquma ibhalansi ye-acid-base yenhlabathi:
- thola iphepha elikhethekile le-litmus;
- Idivayisi ye-Alyamovsky;
- imitha yomhlabathi;
- kudlulisa izivivinyo ku-laboratory;
- uviniga / i-hydrochloric acid;
- ijusi lomvini;
- isikhombi;
- zikhonjiswe ngokusebenzisa utshani obusendle: abaningi babo bakhetha uhlobo oluthile lomhlabathi.
Mayelana nokuthi iyiphi i-asidi kufanele ibe inhlabathi yamatamatisi nokuthi ingaqinisekisa kanjani isivuno sabo, sibhala lapha.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Litmus
Iphepha le-Litmus lingathengwa kuma-pharmacy, izitolo zokulima nezitolo zamakhemikhali. Iqukethe amaqembu amaningana aphathwa nge-reagent eshintsha umbala kuye ngokuthi isabela kanjani kwemvelo. Inqubo yephepha le-litmus elilandelayo:
- Sithatha amasampuli kusuka ekujuleni okuhlukene nemibhede ehlukene.
- Hlanganisa inhlabathi ehlanganiswe nge-gauze esinezingqimba ezintathu futhi ifakwe embizeni yamanzi ahlanzekile distilled (nawo athengwe ekhemisi).
- Hlanganisa imbiza yetshezi bese uphazamisa ukuhlolwa kwe-litmus emanzini imizuzwana embalwa kuze kuguquke umbala wayo.
- Thola ukuthi i-asidi ye-liner isethi.
Idivayisi ye-Alyamovsky
Le divayisi iyisethi yamagagasi okwenza ukuhlaziywa kwamanzi nosawoti womhlaba. Uma usebenzisa, ukuphathwa okufanayo kuyadingeka njengephepha le-litmus.
Amamitha
Lona wonke umshini wamadivaysi amaningi asebenzayo okuvumela ukuba unqume nje ukusabela kwenhlabathi, kodwa futhi umswakama wayo, izinga lokushisa nokukhanya.
I-laboratory yezolimo
I-Laboratory - yindlela enembile kunazo zonke, kodwa futhi iyona ebiza kakhulunjengoba ukuhlaziywa kwenhlabathi kudinga ukuqhutshwa ezindaweni ezahlukene ngokuphindaphindiwe.
Uviniga / i-hydrochloric acid
Le ndlela ingabhekwa njengokuthandwa. Kudingekile ukuphuza inhlabathi encane engadini enesisindo esincane se-hydrochloric acid noma uviniga. Uma ama-bubbles avela enhlabathini yomhlabathi omanzi, inani le-pH yale nhlabathi livamile. Uma kungekho ukusabela, udinga ukwenza i-lime kusayithi.
Ijusi lamagilebhisi
Izwe elithathwe ensimini liwela ingilazi yamanzi omvini. Uma ijusi lishintsha umbala futhi ubude besikhathi eside buzohlala phezu kwawo, khona-ke inhlabathi engathathi hlangothi isendaweni.
Ikhekhe
Kuthathwa:
- izipuni ezimbili ezigcwele zenhlabathi ehlaziywe;
- izipuni ezinhlanu zamanzi ekamelweni lokushisa;
- eyodwa isipuni isipiki.
Ukupheka:
- Konke lokhu kuthululiselwa ebhodleleni, entanyeni lapho utholakala khona kalula, okukhululwe ngaphambili emoyeni, kugqoka.
- Ibhodlela lifakwa ephepheni ukuze imiphumela yokuhlolwa ingaphazamisi ukufudumala kwezandla.
Uma inhlabathi esakhiweni ingenayo i-lime, khona-ke i-carbon dioxide izokwenziwa ebhodleleni ngenkathi kusabela ama-chemical. Uqala ukugcwalisa iminwe bese eqondisa. Ngomphumela we-acid obuthakathaka wenhlabathi, umunwe womunwe uzoqondiswa ngesigamu. Ukungathathi hlangothi - akuqondanga nhlobo.
Ukunquma nemifino yasendle
I-chernozem ene-asidi ephakeme neyendlala ayikhethwanga ukolweni utshani, i-heather, i-plantain, i-pikulnik, i-veronika. I-euonymus yaseYurophu, i-larkspur, umlotha nophalayini ukhula phezu kobuso be-alkali.
Isiphetho
Umhlabathi olungiselelwe yonke imithetho yezitamatisi izithombo izoqinisekisa isivuno esikhulu e-dacha. Ngakho-ke, ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe enhlabathini lapho imbewu izohluma khona. Umxube wehlabathi kumele uhlangabezane nezici ezithile. Phakathi kwazo: i-porosity, i-friability, hhayi imvelo enamandla kakhulu. Ukufeza lezi zinkomba kungenzeka ngokulungisa kahle inhlabathi.
