Utamatisi - enye yemifino ethandwa kakhulu namuhla. Esikhathini esidlule, utamatisi owodwa okhula kancane wawukhulile kakhulu.
Namuhla, izinhlobo ezide noma ezingapheliyo ziyanda kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi. Utamatisi olunjalo yiziqhamo ezinkulu zezithelo, kodwa ukunakekelwa kwezihlahla kuqondile.
Yiziphi izici zezinhlobo ezide okufanele zicatshangelwe uma zikhula endaweni yokushisa? Indlela yokutshala imifino? Mayelana nalokhu nezinye izinto eziningi ongafunda kulesi sihloko esihlongozwayo.
Ukukhula kwama-nuances
Izinhlobo ezide zihluka kwabanye ngoba zinezivuno ezinhle.. Ngokunakekelwa kahle, amahlumela anjalo afinyelela ku-6-7 m, futhi izithelo zingaqoqwa hhayi kuphela ku-stem eyinhloko, kodwa futhi kusukela ezinhlangothini eziseceleni.
Isici sesibili esibalulekile yi-exchange exchange. Kungcono kakhulu utamatisi omude, ngenxa yobukhulu nokuma kwehlathi. Ukwenyuka kwe-ventilation ye-tomato plantation kuvimbela ukwakheka kokubola, futhi kunomthelela ekwandeni kwezivuno.
Esinye isici esihlukile sokwehluka kwezinhlobo ukuthi zithela izithelo kulo lonke ihlobo. Ukukhula okuncane kuyaphela ukukhiqiza izithelo ngesikhathi esifanayo.
Izinhlobo ezikhona nezinhlobo
Kunezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo nezinhlobo. Ukuzikhethela kuxhomeke ezimweni zezulu zesifunda, uhlobo lomhlabathi, ukuphakama kwe-greenhouse. Okulandelayo kukhonjisiwe Uhlu lwezinhlobonhlobo ezidumile kakhulu ze-pink zokukhula ku-abamba ukushisa:
I-Griffin F1;- Esmira F1;
- Fenda F1;
- I-Kasamori F1;
- I-Pink Rose F1;
- Izimangaliso zomhlaba;
- Batyana;
- UMikado ubomvu;
- I-pink amateur.
I-Griffin F1;Uhlu lwezinhlobonhlobo ezibomvu ezingapheliyo zokubamba ukushisa:
- De Barao;
- Makhitos;
- I-Krasnobay F1;
- I-Acatui F1;
- Amiro F1;
- I-Azarro F1;
- UMongameli F1;
- Indlovukazi uMargot F1 (cherry).
Ababelethi bred and izinhlobo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka - i-caramel ephuzi, i-Ildi, ama-combs aphuzi, i-pepper yellow. Izimnyama ezimnyama eziyingqayizivele - Isikhulu Esimnyama, I-Black Pear, I-Black Moor.
Okulandelayo, sincoma ukubukela ividiyo mayelana nezinhlobo zamatamatisi amakhulu kakhulu ezikhiqizayo kakhulu zokugcina izithombo:
Ungalungisa kanjani indawo?
Ukulungiswa kwama-greenhouse kungenye yezinyathelo ezibaluleke kakhulu ekutshalweni kwezinhlobo ezide. Ukushisa okushisayo okulungiselelwe kahle kwandisa amathuba okuvuna okuhle.
- Ukulima utamatisi ebusika, udinga ukunakekelwa kokukhanyisa okwengeziwe. Ngaphandle kwalo, utamatisi awukwazi ngisho nokuqhakaza.
- Ukutshala utamatisi kwenzeka ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, lapho kusabanda kakhulu ebusuku. Ukuze ugweme ukugcoba emanzini ebusuku, kunconywa ukumboza i-greenhouse ngefilimu emigqeni emibili. Phakathi kwezingqimba kudingeka ushiye indawo yomoya. Lokhu kwandisa izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kwe-greenhouse.
- Ukuze uthole umoya ophuthumayo ovela kuzo zonke izingxenye zendawo yokushisa, amafasitela amancane kufanele akhiwe.
- Ngaphandle komkhathi we-greenhouse kusengaphambili udinga ukuqinisa izinsimbi zamakhompiyutha. Ukuze uqhubeke ubopha izihlahla.
- Ngaphezu kokuqinisa okunamathiselwe kanye nesakhiwo ngokwaso, njengoba utamatisi omude uzothululwa, umthwalo oshisayo uyokhula kakhulu.
Isici esilandelayo ukulungiswa komhlaba. Umhlabathi wonyaka odlule ususwe ekujuleni kuka 10-13 cm. Ukuphumula konke kuphathwa ngethusi sulfate ngesilinganiso se-1 tbsp. 10 amalitha amanzi. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukungasebenzi kahle kwezibungu ezinambuzane ezingaphezu komhlaba.
Ukuze utamatisi ungalimazi, akunconywa ukuba uwutshale kulesibani sokushisa esifanayo iminyaka emithathu ulandelana. Kunconywa ukugcina ukujikelezwa kwesitshalo.
Ngemuva kwamatamatisi, kungcono ukutshala ama-legumes (ama-peas, ubhontshisi) - bayothuthukisa inhlabathi nge-nitrogen. Ungase futhi utshale iklabishi, ukhukhamba, i-zucchini.
Izinsuku 10-12 ngaphambi kokutshala imibhede yetamatisi zilungiselelwe. Inqubo yenziwa ngezigaba eziningana:
- ukukhulula inhlabathi;
- ukususwa kokhula;
- ukusetshenziswa kwama-humus nama-fertilizer.
Uma inhlabathi iyimpofu, udinga ukuyidla ngenhlanganisela ye-humus ne-ash ash. Isamba somanyolo sibalwa ku-1 sq.m. futhi ulungiselelwe ngesilinganiso se-1 inkomishi yomlotha nge-7 kg yama-humus.
Uma inhlabathi icebile, ukugqoka okuphezulu kukhishwa ngomanyolo ofanayo, kodwa nge-humus encane. Kulesi simo, i-humus kumele ingabi ngaphezu kuka-3 kg.
Izindlela namacebo okubekwa emhlabathini
Kunezindlela ezimbili zokutshala utamatisi omude. Lezi zinhlelo zokutshala utamatisi ziyahlukahluka ngokuhlwanyela imbewu: ngqo ngqo enhlabathini endaweni ehlala njalo noma ezigciniwe ezihlukene zezithombo.
Ayizinamanzi
Indlela yokukhula utamatisi omude ngale ndlela:
- Ezindaweni zokugcina zokugcina izithombo, imbewu ihlwanyelwa ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, lapho umhlaba usufudumele ngokwanele. Imibhede kufanele ibe ephakeme futhi efudumele, ukuphakama kwayo kufanele kube okungenani ngama-80 cm. Ngaphansi kwemibhede kufanele ihlanganiswe utshani noma umquba, futhi inhlabathi engama-20 kufanele ithulwe kusuka phezulu.
Kubalulekile. Izinhlobo zakuqala zamatamatisi amade zikhula ngendlela engenambewu.
- Hlwanyela isidingo sembewu emigqeni emibili, etholakala kude 50-60 cm komunye nomunye. Esikhathini sendlela yokuhlola, izimbobo zenziwa, ibanga eliphakathi kwazo lingamamitha angaba ngu-30. Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela imbewu ye-utamatisi, kunconywa ukuthi uthele umhlaba ngamanzi ashisayo noma isisombululo esibuthakathaka sama-manganese sokushiswa kwe-disinfection.
- Imbewu ihlelwe emthonjeni ngamunye ngesilinganiso se-1-2 izingcezu, i-powdered ngenhlabathi futhi iphuziswa ngamanzi afudumele. Ngemuva kokuba utamatisi ivukile, ukushayela kwenziwa ngokuya ngesimo sezulu.
- Ukuphuza utamatisi omude kuningi futhi ngokuvamile akudingekile, njengoba kungagcini futhi kuhlanganiswe. Lesi sitshalo sithatha umswakama ovela enhlabathini ngokuzimela, ngenxa yesimiso saso esinamandla. Ukunisela kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ezinsukwini ezishisayo, ezomile kuphela. Imvamisa ephakanyisiwe izikhathi ezintathu ngesonto.
Rassadny
Le ndlela yokulima iyasiza ekukhuleni okusheshayo nokuvuthwa kwezithelo.
| Indlela yokukhulisa izithombo? | Indlela yokutshala emhlabathini? |
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Okulandelayo, siphakamisa ukubukela ividiyo mayelana nezinhlelo zokutshala utamatisi amade ku-abamba ukushisa:
Indlela yokunakekela izithombo utamatisi?
Ukunakekela utamatisi omude kunezici zayo. Ukwakhiwa okufanele futhi okwesikhashana kwesihlahla kungenye yezinqubo ezibaluleke kakhulu.. Ukususwa okungahambi kahle kwezinyathelo ezinamatamatisi amade kuyathinta umkhiqizo wesitshalo. Amagatsha asetshenziselwa ukuthatha umswakama obuningi, ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa okulungile nokushesha kwesihlahla samatamatisi. Susa ama-stepsons uma ufinyelela ubude buka-4-5 cm. Ukuhlunga akushiywanga.
Yini enye okudingeka icatshangelwe?
Ezimweni zokushisa, utamatisi omude akhule ngo-1-2 stem. I-stepson yokuqala ihlala ngaphansi kwe-first brush flower, eyesibili ngaphansi kwesibhamu sesibili. Ikhwalithi ye-stepon yokubunjwa kwesiqu sesibili idlala indima enkulu - udinga ukushiya ubukhulu obukhulu.- Utamatisi obopha njalo. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ukuze izihlahla zingangeni futhi zingaphuli ngaphansi kwesisindo sesithelo.
- Njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-14 kunconywa ukususa amaqabunga angaphansi okungadingekile ukuvimbela ukutheleleka kwesitshalo ngezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane.
- Ukushayela umoya wokushisa kwenziwa nsuku zonke. Lokhu kuvimbela ukwakheka kwe-mold mold.
- Njalo uveza inhlabathi ngaphansi kwamakhemikhali utamatisi ocebile ku-nitrogen ne-potassium.
- Utamatisi amade adinga ukufakwa kwamaminerali hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi neziqu ezikhethekile eziyinkimbinkimbi ezakhiwe nge-phosphorus ne-potassium.
- Kutuswa ukuba wengeze umquba nomquba emhlabathini. Ukunambitheka utamatisi kudinga izikhathi eziningana kulo lonke isikhathi, uphinde ukhiphe i-ACC (itiye eline-compost) kunconywa masonto onke.
Ezimweni zokushisa, utamatisi omude akhule ngo-1-2 stem. I-stepson yokuqala ihlala ngaphansi kwe-first brush flower, eyesibili ngaphansi kwesibhamu sesibili. Ikhwalithi ye-stepon yokubunjwa kwesiqu sesibili idlala indima enkulu - udinga ukushiya ubukhulu obukhulu.Ngakho-ke, ngokulungiswa kahle kwebamba lokushisa lokutshala, ukubuka ubuchwepheshe bokutshala nokunakekelwa kahle kwezihlahla, ungakhula utamatisi onempilo, okuzohlanganiswa nokuvuna okukhulu.
