Myrtle

Izithombe

I-Myrtle (Myrtus) isitshalo sesihlahla esihlala sikhona esiqhamuka emndenini we-Myrtle. Kwi-vivo kwenzeka kuma-Azores, ezingxenyeni eziseningizimu yeYurophu, eCrimea naseNyakatho Afrika. Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo myrtle yiMedithera. Ngokwemvelo, isitshalo sokuhlobisa esifinyelela kumamitha angama-4 ngaphezulu kweminyaka eminingi yokuphila. Ukuze ukhule isihlahla ekhaya, kuyodingeka wenze umzamo futhi ubekezele.

Ikhula kancane, ikhula ize ifinyelele kumamitha ayi-0,2 ngonyaka owodwa. Ayikwazi ukufinyelela ngaphezu kwe-1.5 m ngeminyaka eminingi. Kepha ukucabanga kwesitshalo esiqhakaza izodlula ukukhokhela konke okulindelwe. Entwasahlobo entwasahlobo, kuvela izimbali ezimhlophe qhwa ezimhlophe ezinamaphazili amancane amade ngemuva kokuvela kwamaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani. Zifana nezimbali ze-cherry. Lapho-ke, endaweni yabo, ifomu elimhlophe noma elimnyama eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka elimnyama.

Bheka imbali enhle engaphansi yendlu - engadini jasmine.

	Ikhula kancane, ngonyaka owodwa ikhula ngobukhulu obungu-0 m.
	Iqhakaza kusukela maphakathi nentwasahlobo.
	Isitshalo kulula ukusikhulisa.
	Yisitshalo esingapheli.

Izici eziwusizo ze-myrtle

Photo of myrtle ngaphakathi

Izinhlobo zamaseli zezitshalo ezifihlekile zokwelapha - ziyashintshashintsha, zilimaze ama-microorganisms we-pathogenic. Ukubeka amabhasi amabili egumbini elinendawo engaba ngu-18 m² kunciphisa ngamaphesenti angama-45 ubungozi bokuvuvukala kwipheshana lokuphefumula elingaphezulu. Ukuba nomphumela oqinile we-bactericidal, akubangeli ama-allergies.

Amafutha abalulekile wesitshalo akhulisa ukungatheleleki, anciphise i-bronchospasm. Kufakwa amaqabunga owomile etiyeni, asetshenziswe njengesinongo. Izinkuni zisetshenziselwa uphethiloli. Ama-liqueurs alungiswa kusuka ezitsheni kanye namaqabunga. Izimbali namaqabunga asetshenziswa ku-cosmetology. Kukholelwa ukuthi isihlahla esinjalo endlini sinobudlelwano obungokomoya.

Izici zokukhula ekhaya. Kafushane

I-myrtle enhle yaseMedithera ekhaya idinga ukunakwa okwengeziwe. Ukubona izimbali esihlahleni esihle esinempilo, udinga ukudala izimo ezinhle zaso:

Imodi yokushisa	Entwasahlobo - ekwindla - ayikho ephakeme kune- + 22 ° C, ebusika - cishe + 12 ° C.
Umswakama womoya	Phezulu, kuvame ukufafazwa.
Isibani	Ehlobo - kuningi, izikhathi ezi-3-4 njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-7; ebusika - kanye njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-10; dinga drainage enhle.
Ukunisela	Ingaphezulu lomhlabathi kufanele lome; ehlobo baphuza izikhathi ezi-2 ngezinsuku eziyi-7, kaningi ebusika.
Inhlabathi	I-Universal encane i-acid substrate noma ingxube yezingxenye ezilinganayo ze-humus, inhlabathi engadini kanye ne-perlite.
Umanyolo nomanyolo	Ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo, njalo emavikini ama-2 ngomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi wamaminerali, ujutshwe kaningana.
Ukufakelwa	Izihlahla ezincane - njalo entwasahlobo, zivuthwe - njalo eminyakeni emi-3,5; ngaphandle kokujulisa intamo yezimpande.
Ukuzala	Ama-cutic apical kanye nembewu.
Izici zokukhula kwe-myrtle	Isitshalo sidinga ukuthenwa njalo kwentwasahlobo ukuze kwakheke umqhele omuhle. Ngenkathi efudumele, bayikhipha bayikhipha emoyeni, bakhethe indawo evikelekile kokungakapheli.

Ukunakekelwa kweMytle ekhaya. Ngokuningiliziwe

Lesi sitshalo sinomsindo. Uma into esezimeni zokuboshwa ingamhambeli, izowalahla ngokushesha amaqabunga. Ukugcina lokhu engqondweni, umlimi kufanele azame futhi adale isimo sesihlahla esihle.

Izimbali

Uma umlimi ekwazi ukuhambisana nesitshalo, uzoba nenhlanhla yokuqhakaza kwe-myrtle. Isihlahla esiqhakaza umbukwane wobuhle obumangalisayo. Ekuqaleni kwehlobo, izimbali ezincane (ezingekho ngaphezu kwama-20 mm) "ezihlotshisiwe" ezinama-stamens amaningi ziyavela ku-myrtle.

Izidalwa ezi-flu-ezimhlophe zeqhwa zibukeka zithambile ikakhulukazi ngemuva kwesizinda samaqabunga amnyama aluhlaza. Izimbali namaqabunga anephunga elimnandi. Akuvamile ukuqhakaza ekhaya. Kepha uma uzama kanzima, efulethini ungadala izimo ezinhle zezimbali zalo:

umuthi kufanele uthole ukukhanya okwenele nomoya omusha;
ebusika, udinga ukuphumula okuhle nokupholile ngokunisela okungandile;
kuyadingeka ukushiya izihlahla noma ukuzisebenzisa ekupheleni kobusika;
umthamo kufanele ube mncane esitshalweni.

Uma konke kwenziwa kahle, kusukela ekuqaleni kukaJuni kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Agasti kuzokwazi ukuthokozela ukuqhakaza kwesihlahla esihle kakhulu. Amajikijolo adliwayo azovela ngemuva kwezimbali.

Imodi yokushisa

Izwela kakhulu ekushiseni, ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukubheka ukubusa kwezinga lokushisa. Ebusika, lesi sitshalo sigcinwa ku + 10-12 ° C. Ukusuka entwasahlobo kuya maphakathi ekwindla, izinga lokushisa lika + 20-22 ° C libhekwa njengentofontofo. Ukulondolozwa endaweni efudumele, lesi sitshalo siyocasulwa bese silahla amaqabunga. Umuthi kumele uvikeleke ekwehlisweni okushisa okubukhali kokunye okungakapheli, awukwazi ukubekwa eceleni kwendawo yokufaka umoya.

Ehlobo, esimweni sezulu esifudumele, umuthi uyiswa kuvulandi.

Ukufafaza

Isitshalo seMytle asibekezeleli umoya owomile. Ngokuvamile kuyadingeka ukufafaza isihlahla. Isitshalo singafakwa esikhwameni ngamatshe amanzi noma sibekwe eduze kwe-aquarium. Kufanele uvule kakhulu umswakama, ubeke isitsha samanzi esivulekile eduze kwesihlahla.

Isibani

Ukukhanya okhethwe kahle kuyisihluthulelo sezitshalo ezinhle zezitshalo. Kunconywa ukugcina umuthi usegumbini elikhanyiswe kahle. Ukukhanya kwelanga okugqamile ngomthunzi omncane kuhle kuye.

Ekukhanyiseni okungatheni kuzokuqhakaza kahle, yize amaqabunga ezokugqama futhi kube mnyama. Endaweni ekhanya kancane, umuthi uzolula futhi ungaqhakaza. Kungcono ukubeka isitshalo efasiteleni elibheke eningizimu-mpumalanga noma eningizimu-ntshonalanga.

Ukunisela

Lesi sitshalo esi-hygrophilous. Ukunisela kufanele kube kuningi. Ngesikhathi sokukhula ngamandla, isihlahla siniselwa kuze kube izikhathi ezi-4 ngesonto (isakhi esingaphansi komhlaba kufanele some 1 cm phakathi kokuphuza). Ebusika, imvamisa yokunisela iyancipha ibe kanye njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-10.

Sebenzisa amanzi angavikelekile avikelwe kahle, ngaphandle kwalokho usawoti we-magnesium ne-calcium enamabala amhlophe ayohlala kumapuleti eqabunga. Umbuthano we-trunk uhlanganiswe ngesigaxa sikakhukhunathi noma amagxolo aqothulwe ukuze umswakama ugcinwe isikhathi eside emhlabathini. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvikela ukungahambi kahle komswakama, ngoba lokhu kufakwa ungqimba oluhle lwamanzi.

Imbiza

Kukhethwa imbiza e-myrtle enezimbobo zokudonsa phansi ezansi ukuze uhlelo lwezimpande oluthuthukisiwe lwesitshalo, ungqimba lwamanzi angadonseki futhi kungabi khona ukumiswa kwamanzi ungene kuwo ngokukhululekile. Lapho ufakelwa, ibhodwe lishintshwa nesitsha esinobubanzi obungamasentimitha angama-3,5 kunalowo owedlule. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi imbiza kufanele icindezele izimpande kancane, ngaphandle kwalokho izimbali azikwazi ukulinda.

Inhlabathi

Ngoba ungathenga isilondolozi esenziwe ngomumo sendawo yonke esine-acidic reaction (pH 5.3 - 6.4) noma i-substrate ye-citrus. Ungazilungiselela ngokuzimela ingxube yenhlabathi kusuka enhlabathini engadini, humus ne-perlite ethathwe engxenyeni eyodwa. Into esemqoka ukuthi inhlabathi kumele ibe nokudla okunempilo, ukuphefumula nokukhululeka.

Ukuze wenze lokhu, engeza i-vermiculite, i-coconut substrate, izingqimba zezitini enhlabathini. I-Ground moss ne-powder yamalahle izothuthukisa ukwakheka komhlaba.

Umanyolo nomanyolo

Ukuze uqinise ezempilo futhi ugcine ukuhlobisa ngezinga eliphakeme, ukufaka umanyolo nokufaka umquba kuyadingeka. Ukusuka engxenyeni yokuqala kaMashi kuya ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba, i-myrtle ivundiswa njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-14. Ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, kusetshenziswa isixazululo sezitshalo zokuhlobisa neziqabulayo eziqukethe i-nitrogen kudosi elikhulu.

Lapho ama-buds eqala ukusetha, sebenzisa ithuluzi elinokuphakama okuningi kwe-phosphorus ne-potassium - ezakhiweni zezimbali zasendlini. Umanyolo ufakwa kabili bese unika umuthi ngemuva kokunisela. Ngemuva kokugqoka okungaphezulu, isitshalo sigcinwa emthunzini amahora angama-24.

Ukufakelwa kweMytle

Ukuvama kokufakelwa kuncike eminyakeni yesitshalo. Amabhishi amasha ayayidinga minyaka yonke, futhi avuthiwe emva kweminyaka engama-3.5, lapho izimpande zamukela ngokuphelele inhlama yobumba. Ukufakelwa kweMyrtle kuthathelwa indawo yi-transshipment ukuze kungonakalisi izimpande zesihlahla.

Lesi sitshalo sicwiliswa ngokucophelela enhlabathini, ngaphandle kokujula intamo yezimpande, ukuze ukukhula kungavumi. Izinhlobonhlobo zabantu abadala azidlulisi; ziqabula ingaphezulu.

Ungatshala kanjani?

Isabela kahle kuma-haircuts. Ukunquma kwenziwa ukuze enze umqhele. Ukuze wakhe umqhele oyindilinga, cindezela amahlumela aphezulu, lawo aphansi awagawuli. Ukuze ukhule umuthi ngesiqu esisodwa esinamandla, khetha ukusikwa okuhle okuqinile enkabeni, bese amahlumela aphansi asuswa ngokuphelele noma asikiwe kubude obufisayo, anikeze isimo esifunayo.

Izitshalo ezivuthiwe kuphela ezihlolwa ngesimo somqhele. Izihlahla ezisencane azikakabi namandla, ukusebenza kuzonciphisa ukukhula kwazo. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lesi sitshalo asibophisi i-buds kumahlumela othenwe. Uma ufuna ngempela ukubona ukuqhakaza kwesihlahla, ayenqaba ukuwuquma noma ukuwudlulisela ekupheleni kukaFebhuwari.

Isikhathi sokuphumula

Ekupheleni kuka-Okthoba, baqala ukulungiselela ukuphumula: banciphisa ukondla nokunisela, bese behlisa izinga lokushisa lokunakekelwa kwabo. Isikhathi sokuphumula siqala maphakathi no-Novemba siye maphakathi noFebhuwari. Ngalesi sikhathi, umuthi ugcinwa emazingeni okushisa angadluli ku-10 ° C futhi ukukhanya okuhle. Gcina umswakama ophezulu.

Lesi sitshalo sifafazwa nsuku zonke;

Kungenzeka yini ukushiya i-myrtle ngaphandle kokushiya eholidini?

Uma uya eholidini isikhathi eside, ungacela izihlobo ukuthi zinakekele isitshalo. Ungabeka ibhodwe esitsheni sedayipi elikhudlwana, ubeke imingxunya emanzi phakathi kwezindonga zawo.

Ukuzalanisa kweMytle

Ukuzala kabusha kungenzeka ngezindlela ezimbili.

Kukhula iMyrtle kusuka KuMbewu

Kumane kudlule. Imbewu elashwa epanini le-potanganum permanganate ihlwanyelwa enhlabathini emanzi, embozwe ngefilimu bese imila ngo-20 ° C. Izithombo zizovela kungekudala. Lapho kuvela amaqabunga amabili, izitshalo zitshalwa ezimbizeni ezihlukile. Ngemuva kweminyaka engu-2,5, ingaqhuma.

Lapho kusakazwa imbewu, izinto ezihlukile zesitshalo somama azigcinwa.

Ukusakazwa kweMytle ngokusikwa

Kwenzeka ngokushesha kunokutshala imbewu. Ama-cuttings, ubude bawo cishe buyi-80 mm, anqunywa kusuka amahlumela aphezulu we-lateral, aphathwe nge-stimulator yokwakhiwa kwezimpande, asusa amacembe aphansi. Kutshalwe enhlabathini enomswakama ngaphansi kwefilimu. Ngemuva kwamaviki angama-2,5, lapho ukusika kutholakala izimpande, kutyalwe ezitsheni ezihlukile.

Izifo Nezinambuzane

Ezimweni ezingezinhle futhi ngokunakekelwa okungakhathalekile, lesi sitshalo singathinteka izifo kanye nezilokazane, njengoba kumenyezelwe ushintsho ekubonakaleni kwesihlahla:

izimpande zokubola - lapho ukhulisa intamo yezimpande ngesikhathi sokufakelwa (ukuvuselelwa akusizi ngalutho);
amaqabunga myrtle penduka, neziqu zande - ukuntuleka kokukhanya (hlela kabusha endaweni okhanyayo); amaqabunga akhula buthule elangeni eliqondile (isitshalo se-pritenit);
shintsha isisekelo sesiqu - ukujula kwentamo yezimpande ngesikhathi sokufakelwa (akunakwenzeka ukusindisa isitshalo);
imiphetho yamahlamvu iyacothwa - elangeni eliqondile (pritenit);
iqabunga esheshayo liwa ebusika -ukugcina kufudumele endaweni engahlukanisiwe, ukuthambisa amanzi enhlabathini (setha kabusha endaweni epholile, ekhanyayo, lungisa ukuthambisa);
amaqabunga ayawa i-myrtle - ukukhanya okuncane, ukuthambisa okungafanele, umoya owomile (phinda uhlele endaweni ecwebezelayo, fafaza kaningi, lungisa ukuthambisa);
amaqabunga aphuzi i-myrtle - ukuntuleka kokudla okunempilo (okuphakelayo).

Kaningi kunezinye izinambuzane ezithinteka yisinambuzane esikalini, ama-mealybugs, izibungu zesicabucabu. Ama-zinambuzane asetshenziswa ngokumelene nawo.

Izinhlobo zasekhaya ze-myrtle ezinezithombe namagama

Kwisiko lasekhaya, kukhula uhlobo olulodwa kuphela - umyango ojwayelekile - isihlahla esiphansi esinamaqabunga amafushane acwebezelayo nezimbali ezimhlophe qhwa. Ngokufunda ngezici zesitshalo, abafuyi bezilimo bathole izinhlobo eziningi ngokusekelwe kuso. Abadume kakhulu kubo yilaba:

ICompact (i-Compacta)

Umuthi ophansi onezimbali ezimhlophe zeqhwa nomqhele omnyama obukhulu.

"Tarentina" (Tarentina)

Isitshalo esiphansi esinezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukahlukene kanye nezithelo ezicebile zika-ayisikhilimu.

"Boetica" (Boetica)

Isihlahla esiphansi, esikhula kancane kancane esinamaqabunga e-malachite. Ubude beplate yephepha bufika ku-70 mm.

I-Variegata

Umuthi onamahlamvu amaqabunga ahlukahlukene (amabala aphuzi atholakala ngemuva kokukhanya okuluhlaza).

I-Alhambra

Isihlahla esinamaqabunga aluhlaza agqamile agqamile nezithelo eziluhlaza okotshani.

Myrtle "Flo Pleno" (UFlore Pleno)

Izimbali ezinhle eziqhakazelayo ezinamaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani nezimbali ezimhlophe eziphindwe kabili.

Isitshalo esifanele isithandwa sezimbali. Muhle, unamakha, ukuvumela ukuthi "udlale" ngezinwele zakho, udale ukwakheka okumangazayo. Umsebenzi womlimi ukuhlinzeka ngokunakekela ngesineke ngesitshalo, khona-ke kuzokwenza sijabule ukuqhakaza okumnandi.