Ukunakekelwa kwezitamatisi

Indlela yokutshala utamatisi ku-abamba ukushisa, futhi kungani kufanele kwenziwe

Masking utamatisi kusiza ukuthuthukisa isivuno semifino nokuyivikela ezifweni ezihlukahlukene. Kodwa ukuze inqubo ikhiqize imiphumela elindelekile, umuntu udinga ukwazi ukuthi uzokwenza kanjani le nqubo ngesikhathi futhi kanjani ukuze ahlinzeke izitshalo ngezakhi ezidingekayo. Indlela yokufaka utamatisi ku-greenhouse, sizobe sitshela kabanzi.

Kungani ngidinga ukunamathela utamatisi

Okokuqala, ake sibone ukuthi kungani lezi zinto zidingeka ukuze utamatisi. Ukususwa kwamahlumela asetshenziselwa ama-sinus amaqabunga esitshalo (ama-stepons) kwenziwa ukuze lezi zinqubo zingathathi izakhi zezitshalo.

Kuyaziwa ukuthi emahlumela amancane agxila ngobuningi kakhulu. Umlimi oyinindadi unesithakazelo sokubathumela ekugcineni kwezimbali, bese kuba nezithelo zesitshalo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, le nqubo isisiza ukwakha isibhamu sanikezwe inombolo yeziqu, ukukhulisa isikhathi se-fruiting ye-shrub, ukuze uthole isivuno esikhulu kunanokujwayelekile.

Kubalulekile ukuthi ukwazi ukuhlukanisa leli qabunga kusuka kubantwana, ukuze ususe kuphela ukubalekela okunye. Amadlelo asesigubeni seqabunga phakathi kwesitshalo saso kanye nesigamu esikhulu.

Uma le nsizakalo ingasusiwe ngesikhathi, iyokhula, ivumele izingane zokutholwa ezingeni lesibili. Kubalulekile ukususa amahlumela aze afinyelele ubude obungaphezu kuka-5 cm.

Kubalulekile! Akuzona zonke izitamatisi zidinga ukufakwa. Izinhlobo ezincane ezikhulayo ezinjalo ukuzikhethela kungukuzikhethela. Kodwa ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo kunconywa ukuba zikhule izitshalo ezide eziphethwe yi-hybrid nezidinga, ezidinga ukugxila okuphoqelekile.

Uma izinqubo ze-lateral zingasusiwe ngesikhathi, isihlahla samahlumela sotamatisi sizokhula ngokucacile. Khona-ke wonke amandla esitshalo azoya ekwakhekeni kwe-green mass.

Lokhu kuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwezithelo ezintsha, kuphazamisa abafundi, abavumeli ukuba bavuthwe kahle. Izifo ze-fungal zingathuthuka ngentshiseko ezihlahleni, njengoba zingenawo umoya omuhle futhi umswakama uphumelela kuwo. Masking kusiza ukugwema lezi zinkinga, futhi ibuye ihlinzekele ukunakekela kwabo kanye nokuvuna.

Uma udinga utamatisi pasynkovanie

Ngakho-ke, kusobala ukuthi utamatisi okhulayo ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo kudinga ukusika izihlumela ezingaphezulu. Nini ukukwenza? Ngokushesha nje lapho uthola amahlumela engeziwe ezakhiweni zeqabunga. Basebenza kakhulu ekukhuleni ngokubonakala kwemibhulashi yembali.

Inqubo yenziwa emahoreni asekuseni, ngakho-ke phakathi nosuku lapho izinqubo zokusebenza ezinomsoco zenzeka kulesi sitshalo, isilonda siphulukiswa ngokushesha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngalesi sikhathi lapho amahlumela ephulwa kalula.

Kubalulekile! Qinisekisa ukuthi ijusi yesitshalo asiwi ezandleni zakho. Lokhu akudingeki ukuphepha komgadi wensimu, kodwa ukuphepha kwezinye izitshalo. Uma kwenzeka umuntu egula, ungakwazi ukuthelela okunye.

Indlela yokugcoba utamatisi ku-greenhouse, imithetho eyisisekelo

Ngaphambi kokuba uthathe utamatisi endaweni yokushisa, kudingeka unqume ukuthi yiyiphi uhlelo ozoyisebenzisa ukudala i-shrub. Kunezinhlelo ezintathu eziyinhloko, okukhethwa kuzo kuxhomeke endaweni yendawo yokushisa kanye nohlobo lwesitshalo.

Ukwakhiwa kwezihlahla endaweni eyodwa

Le ndlela ihilela ukukhishwa kwazo zonke izinyathelo ezisezingeni. Ungashiyi ithuba nama-okuthiwa amawele - okuyiziqu, ezivela uma ukuhlukaniswa okuyinhloko. Kubalulekile ukushiya wonke amabhulashi ahlobisa, ngisho noma ephansi.

Uyazi? Ukuze i-stepon entsha ingakhuli endaweni ehlanjululwe, ingxenye encane yesitshalo kufanele ishiywe kusukela kwangaphambili-kufika ku-3 cm ubude.

Abaqedile bezolimo batusa kakhulu ukusebenzisa lolu hlobo lwezinhlanzi zokutshala utamatisi ku-greenhouse. Kodwa abasebenzisa izimila bathi izivuno ziyancishiswa kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, bakhetha ukutshala utamatisi ezinhlakeni ezimbili.

Ukubunjwa kwezihlahla ezinhlakeni ezimbili

Ukwakha ama-stalks amabili esihlahleni, ngaphezu kokushiya i-sprout yokuqala eyabonakala phansi, ibhulashi lokuqala lokuqala. Lona ihlumela elinamandla kakhulu elizothuthukisa kakhulu. Kungenzeka ukuvuna isivuno esingavamile kakhulu kunaso kusuka esiqwini esikhulu sesihlahla.

Zonke ezinye izingane zokutholwa kumele zisuswe uma kuziwa ekwakheni utamatisi ngeziqu ezimbili.

Ukwenziwa kweziqu ezintathu

Lolu hlelo luqala ukutholakala kwama-fruiting amathathu kuvela ehlathini. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ngokuyisisekelo shiya ihlumela eduze nesikhangiso sokuqala sembali, esitholakala phansi phansi kwesitshalo. Khona-ke esiteshini udinga ukuthola enye ihlumela eliqine kakhulu.

Njengomthetho, itholakala eduze kweyokuqala, kodwa kukhona okuhlukile. Zonke ezinye izingane zokutholwa kufanele zisuswe.

Uyazi? Uma kukhona isifiso sokuvuna isivuno sokuqala ekuqaleni, khetha izinhlanzi ezimbalwa bese ushiya isiqu esisodwa ngamabhulashi amaningana kubo, uphonsa phezulu. Okunye kokutshala kungenziwa ukwakhiwa utamatisi ngeziqu ezimbili noma ezintathu.

Indlela yokuvuna utamatisi wezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukene

Inqubo yokugubha ihlukile ngokuya ngezinhlobo zamatamatisi. Ziyi-indeterminate, i-semi-determinant, i-determinant. Kodwa kukhona imithetho evamile lapho inqubo eyenziwa nganoma yiluphi uhlobo lwezotamatisi.

Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukususa izinqubo ngokuziqeda, futhi hhayi ukuzisika. Kubalulekile ukufeza inqubo ekuseni ngesikhathi sezulu esomile, ukuze indawo yokuphumula iphole ngokushesha futhi isitshalo ngeke sigule. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe njalo ngesonto, ukususa zonke izinqubo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usayizi wabo.

Uma sekuyisikhathi sokuncibilikisa, nesimo sezulu sinqabile, disinfect nge solution 1% ye-potassium permanganate ngemuva kokwelapha isitshalo ngasinye. Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kufanele kube yizihlahla ezinempilo ezinhlobonhlobo eziyigugu kakhulu. Ekugcineni, izihlahla ziphathwa ngamathanga futhi "ziphuzi" emaqabunga neziqu.

Uyazi? Lapho kuhlonywa isihlahla futhi inani elidingekayo lama-brush likhula kulo, kuyadingeka ukuba ufeze isigaba sokugcina sokusika izihlahla - uphonsa phezulu. Lokhu ngeke kuvumele isitshalo ukuthi sifinyelele futhi senze ama-ovari omusha.

I-sacabing engapheliyo

Isetshenziselwa izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zotamatisi, okumele zenziwe zibe yiziqu ezilodwa. Izinyathelo ezinkulu kangaka zibangelwa ukukhula kwehlathi - utamatisi ongenakulinganiswa ukhiqiza izinqubo eziningi ze-lateral.

Ngakho-ke, basusa wonke amahlumela, ushiya "penechki" cishe u-centimeter. Uzolibazisa ukubunjwa kwabazukulu abasha. Ngokuphelele, akukho amahlumela angaphezu kuka-12 okufanele ahlale kulelo hlathini.

Nokho, uma une-greenhouse enkulu, ungashiya amahlumela amabili ehlathini - eyinhloko kanye neyesiqalo sokuqala (noma sesibili). Futhi ku-stem yesibili kufanele ishiywe ngaphandle kwama-brush angu-4-5. Emva kokusika izihlahla ezinjalo kufanele zihlanganiswe.

Izinduku ezinamathemikhali ezinamatamatisi

Utamatisi walezi zinhlobonhlobo angafinyelela ubude obufinyelela ku-180 cm. Ngokutshala ukuhlwanyela, iziqu ezimbili noma ezintathu zingashiywa kuzo. Ukungafani kwalezi zinhlobonhlobo ukuthi i-pasynkovanny ehlathini ingagcwaliswa, okungukuthi, ngemuva kokususwa kwezinqubo ze-lateral, i-stem main iyeka ukukhula.

Ngakho-ke, akudingekile ukubeka isithombo semifino yonke, uma utamatisi omncane kuphela okhulayo ekhula endaweni yakho yokushisa. Hlela ezinye zazo futhi, uma ukukhula kungakayeki, qhubeka nenqubo okulandelayo. Lezo zihlahla eziyeke ukukhula zingenziwa zibe iziqu eziningana.

Indlela yokuchofoza izinhlobo ze-deterministic

Kukholelwa ukuthi ukunamatisa kwamatamatisi anqunyiwe ku-greenhouse akudingekile. Lezi zihlahla ezikhula kancane azikhuli. Kulesi simo, kubalulekile ukunamathela ezinkampanini zobuchwepheshe bezolimo ezihlukahlukene.

Nokho, uma ufuna ukuthola isivuno sokuqala kubo, kubalulekile ukufeza pasynkovanie. Ukuze wenze lokhu, susa wonke amahlumela, ushiye ama-inflorescences amabili noma amathathu kuphela, bese uphonsa phezulu.

Izinhlobo eziphezulu ze-Superdeterminant

Ngaphandle kwamatamatisi anqunyiwe, ama-superdeterminant nawo ayedwa, ukulima okudingayo nokususwa kwezinqubo ze-lateral. Kuyinto izinhlobo ezincane ezikhula kakhulu ezithwala izithelo kuphela kwi-inflorescences yokuqala emithathu kuya kwezinhlanu.

Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukususa konke okunye, ukushiya eyodwa noma ezintathu isiqu esihlahleni. Ngesiqu esisodwa, ihlumela eliyinhloko lishiywe; ngamabili, i-stepon yokuqala ishiywa ngaphandle kweyodwa eyinhloko; enezintathu, i-first and second is left. Kodwa ekugcineni, kunengozi enkulu yokuthola izithelo eziningi ezingaphazanyiswa. Ngamunye weziqu akumele abe nama-inflorescences amathathu.

Utamatisi yizitshalo ezingenangqondo ezidinga ukushisa okukhethekile, indlela yokukhanyisa, yokudla, ukuchelela nokubunjwa kwamahlathi. Lokhu okukuvumela kukuthumela konke izitshalo ezitshalweni ezitshalweni, ngaphandle kokuchitha imali emaceleni angadingekile.

Kunezinhlelo ezimbalwa ezikhethekile zokugaya ama-utamatisi afanelekayo okunye okunye noma okunye okutshala. Ziyasetshenziswa kuze kube sekuqaleni kuka-Agasti, lapho zonke izinyathelo zokususwa kwamahlumela ziphela, futhi phezulu kwenkinobho yamahlathi.

Lokhu kukuvumela ukuba uthole isitshalo esicebile futhi esivuthiwe kahle. Kodwa khumbula, uma ihlobo ligcwele imvula futhi kubanda, khona-ke ngisho nezinyathelo ngeke zisindise ekuvuneni okuncane.