Indlela yokukhetha umanyolo ongcono kakhulu wezithombo nezitamatisi zokubamba ukushisa nokungaziphathi kahle: Amathuluzi aphezulu angcono kakhulu kulo nyaka

Utamatisi - enye yemifino ethandekayo kakhulu. Abalimi bamasimu, abalimi bavame ukutshala lesi sitshalo emagcekeni abo noma epulazini. Wonke umuntu uyaqonda ukuthi ukuthola isivuno esihle ngeke siphumelele ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa kwanoma imuphi umanyolo.

Futhi abaningi, ikakhulukazi beqala i-agronomists, babuze umbuzo: "Yikuphi umquba ongcono kakhulu futhi ophumelelayo kakhulu utamatisi?" Lesi sihloko sibonisa ukulinganisa komanyolo odumile kakhulu kulolu sitshalo, kanye nesicelo sabo sichazwe ngokuningiliziwe.

Umanyolo we-TOP

E-intanethi, ungathola inqwaba yezindlela ezahlukene zokudla utamatisi: i-banana ikhasi, ikhofi yokulala, iodine, amanzi emva kokupheka imifino, ukumnika okusanhlamvu, ama-eggshell, inambuzane-okuwukuphela kokuthanda konke okungokwemvelo okunganikeza. Kodwa wonke ama-agronomist abanolwazi abanomsebenzi kanye nomsimu wesimini se-novice bayazi ukuthi iseluleko sidluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane ukuze sondle izithombo zotamatisi ngezindlela ezilandelayo:

Ash

Into eyisimangaliso equkethe inqwaba yezici ezibalulekile ekukhuleni nasekufakeni utamatisi (isibonelo, calcium, potassium, magnesium, iron, phosphorus, nezinye).

Ukuze umanyolo kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa umlotha esithandweni somlilo, kusuka ku-brazier esakhiwe ekushiseni komhlambi wemifino. Akuvumelekile ukuthatha umlotha wokugqoka - umkhiqizo wamabhodlela epulasitiki ovuthayo, impahla yokwakha ngenxa yezinga eliphakeme lobudakamizwa bezinto eziningi ezenziwa kuzo.

Umanyolo ovame ukusetshenziselwa kakhulu ngomlotha:

1. 150g lomlotha ohlanganiswe nama-10 amalitha amanzi.
2. Amanzi utamatisi kufanele abe emagqumeni, ngaphansi kwesitshalo esisodwa - cishe amalitha angu-0.5 amanzi.

Ungamane ufefaze umhlaba ngomlotha lapho ugoba ngaphandle kwezibalo nge-1 sq.m. 150-200 g yomanyolo.

Sinikeza ukubukela ividiyo ukuthi ungalungisa kanjani futhi usebenzise i-asteroids yamatamatisi:

Izinkukhu zezinkukhu

Izinsalela zezinkukhu zine-nitrogen ne-phosphorus. - izakhi ezibalulekile ekukhuleni kwezitshalo kanye ne-fruiting emihle.

1. Ukuze ugqoke phezulu nge-droppings fresh, gcwalisa isitsha se-litre eziyishumi nesithathu ukuze ugcwalise nge-droppings.
2. Gcwalisa lonke ivolumu ngamanzi bese ufaka emoyeni ovulekile izinsuku ezingu-7-10.
3. Khona-ke i-0, 5 l ye-infusion ihlanjululwe ngamalitha angu-10 wamanzi futhi yanisela isikhala nobusi ngezinsika zezitshalo.

Umquba owomile nawo ufanele umanyolo.:

1. U-0.5 kg we-litter uchithelwa ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi, isitsha sigcwele ifilimu futhi singene ezinsukwini ezingu-3 kuya kwezingu-5, sishukumisa nsuku zonke.
2. Nciphisa uketshezi olulandelayo ngamanzi ngesilinganiso esingu-1k 20 bese ubeka amanzi utamatisi.

Ukuze ugweme ukushisa utamatisi, kufanele uzame ukuwa emaqabunga asitshalo ngesisombululo samanzi nezinkukhu zezinkukhu. I-litter entsha ngendlela yayo ehlanzekile ayivumelekile, ngoba Lesi sici sinobudlova futhi singabangela ukufa kwesitshalo.

Imvubelo

Umkhiqizo oyingqayizivele oqukethe amavithamini namaminerali amaningi. Imvubelo isiza ukuhlinzeka izakhi emhlabathini futhi ikhuthaza ukukhula okusheshayo utamatisi.

1. 10 g imvubelo eyomile.
2. 4 tbsp ushukela nama-10 amalitha amanzi ahlanganisiwe.
3. Isisombululo esilandelayo sisasetshenziselwa ngamanzi ngesilinganiso esingu-1 kuya ku-10.

Izimali eziyinkimbinkimbi

Izanamuhla Izitolo ezikhethekile zinganikeza umanyolo owanelisa zonke izicelo.

Ulwazi mayelana nezindlela zokusebenzisa, imithi edingekayo ingatholakala kumilayezo yesidakamizwa ngasinye noma ukuthola kumthengisi wesitolo somthengisi.

• Ngokuvamile, abalimi abanolwazi bathola umquba obunzima kusuka ochungechungeni lwe-Crystal, equkethe ekubunjweni kwawo okuhlukahlukene okuyi-micro-and macronutrients ezenza ukuqinisa izitshalo. Lezi zifaka umquba ngamanzi, ezenza kube lula ukusetshenziswa, futhi zingathatha indawo yomquba, i-ammonium nitrate, urea. Umphumela walesi sidakamizwa unomphumela ohlala njalo: izinto ezisebenzayo uma zikhishwe enhlabathini zilondolozwe kuwo iminyaka emibili kuya kwemi-3. Akuyona ingozi yemvelo.
• I-Kemira isakhiwo samaminerali esakhiwe eRussia futhi ilayisensi eRussia iye yathandwa kakhulu kamuva nje. Lezi zinkimbinkimbi zihlanganisa zonke izakhi ezidingekayo kanye nezici zokulandelela (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, manganese, zinc, nezinye). I-substance granulated yomanyolo ihlanganiswe emagqumeni, ekhombisa ubukhulu, okuyinto elula kakhulu lapho ikhomba izixazululo. Itholakala kufomu eliketshezi. Ayinayo i-chlorine.
• Umanyolo ohlanzekile futhi ophilayo osebenzayo u-"Effecton", i-substrate yemvelo equkethe izithako ze-peat kanye nezamaminerali. "I-Effecton" ithuthukisa inhlabathi, ifaka isandla ekuthuthukiseni i-microflora enenzuzo futhi iyinhlangano yokukhula kwezimpande. Abanye abacwaningi bathi lokhu umanyolo kusiza ukunciphisa izinga lama-radionuclides nama-carcinogens emhlabathini.

Ukuze uthole olunye ulwazi mayelana nokuthi ungakhetha kanjani umanyolo obunzima obunamatamatisi, funda lapha.

Ukudla okunomsoco

Phakathi kwama-fertilizer amaminerali, akuyona iminyaka eyishumi ukuthi lokhu okulandelayo kuthandwa kakhulu:

• Urea (i-carbamide) - Umquba we-nitrogen osebenza kahle kakhulu we-granular, okwenza ukwanda komkhiqizo wezotamatisi, ukumelana nezifo nezinambuzane. I-soluble kahle emanzini, ithuliswa ngesikhathi sokunisela kwezitshalo (20-30 g ngalinye 10 l amanzi). Ingasetshenziswa enhlabathini efomini elomile (3-4 g ukuthulula embhedeni uhlanganise nomhlabathi), esetshenziselwa ukufiphala izitshalo (50 g ngalinye ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi).
• I-Saltpeter ihlala kwenye yezikhundla ezihamba phambili kule simo samaminerali athandwa ngamaminerali. Lo umanyolo unenhlobo ehlukene: i-ammonia, i-calcium, i-potashi, i-sodium, i-magnesium - konke kuxhomeke enhlabathini lapho kutshalwa khona isivuno. Abalimi bemifino abanokuhlangenwe nakho bavame ukusebenzisa i-ammonium ne-calcium nitrate ekondleni utamatisi.

  I-nitrate ye-calcium iyadingeka ukuze ukhula olukhulayo lwamatamatisi, luqinise uhlelo lwabo lwempande nokuzivikela. I-Amoniya iyasiza ukuqinisekisa isivuno esikhulu semifino. Ukuze lo manyolo ungalimazi izitshalo, kuyadingeka ukuba uqaphele ngokucophelela umthamo wesidakamizwa kanye nesimiso sokudla.

  Kwiphakheji ngayinye yalomanyolo wamaminerali kukhona imfundo, kodwa kaningi kakhulu ukuthi impande yokugqoka i-25g ye-nitre ihlanjululwe ngamalitha angu-15 amanzi.
• Superphosphate - Umanyolo obunzima we-mineral oqukethe ama-nitrogen-phosphorus. Isidakamizwa sisetshenziswa ngokuqondile uma sigubha enhlabathini entwasahlobo noma ekwindla, futhi ungangena ngqo emgodini lapho uhlwanyela izithombo (1 tsp per plant). Isetshenziswe kunoma iyiphi inhlabathi, igayeke kalula utamatisi, lapho iba khona okunamafutha futhi okuhlwabusayo.

Ukuze izithombo

I-Healthy utamatisi izithombo zine-stem enamandla, amaqabunga amanzi nama-elastic. Ukuyibeka ibe isitshalo esinamandla, ukunikeza isivuno esihle, ungasebenzisa umquba olandelayo:

1. I-Nitrofoska - Umanyolo wamaminerali aqukethe i-nitrogen, i-phosphorus, i-potassium - lezo zakhi ezibalulekile ekuthuthukiseni utamatisi. Lo umanyolo unikeza izithombo ezinezakhi ngamaphesenti angu-100. I isipuni salo muthi sitholwa emgodini ngesikhathi sokutshala, isonto emva kokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile, izithombo zika utamatisi zingathululelwa ku-nitrophosphate ngesimo samanzi (50g ngalinye 10 l amanzi).
2. Vermicofe - ukugqoka okwenzelwe izithombo. Umquba wokungcolisa imvelo uyisiphuzo samanzi we-biohumus, okwenza kube nethonya elihle ezinkambisweni zokukhula kanye nesimiso semvelo. Ukwandisa imbewu yokuhluma, kukhuthaza ukubunjwa kwezimpande ezithuthukisiwe kanye nokuthungwa okuhle kwezithombo, kukhuthaza ukukhula kanye nezitshalo eziphakeme. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ukwandisa inani lamavithamini esithelweni, kunciphisa izinga le-nitrate nama radionuclides.
3. "Umswakama" - Umanyolo wendawo yonke for izithombo ngokusekelwe nitrogen, potassium kanye phosphorus nezinye izakhi trace. Lesi sidakamizwa sithuthukisa ukukhula okukhulayo, ukuthuthukiswa kwesimiso esiqinile sezimpande, kuqinisa isimiso somzimba samasosha omzimba.

Ukuze utamatisi wokushisa

Uhlobo oluyinhloko lokugqoka okuphezulu lwezitamatisi zokushisa - foliar. Abanikazi bezindawo zokugcina izithombo abaneminyaka eminingi abanolwazi bayazi ukuthi utamatisi wokuvunwa kangcono kudinga ukondliwa ngazo zonke izinhlobo zemanyolo: organic, mineral, complex.

• Ngokwezinto eziphilayo, okukhethwa kakhulu kunomquba owomile noma u-slurry (1 kg wemanyolo ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi). Isixazululo kumele sithathwe izinsuku ezingu-1 kuya kwezingu-3, ​​bese kuphuziswa ngesilinganiso sama-2-3 amalitha isitshalo ngasinye, sizama ukugwema ukuxhumana namaqabunga. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kuqala kwenziwa ngemuva kokutshala izithombo endaweni yokushisa, okulandelayo - zonke izinsuku ezingu-10 kuya kwezingu-15.
• Kumanyolo wamaminerali, urea okukhulunywe ngenhla, i-superphosphate, ne-nitre, okuzohlinzeka ngamatamatisi abamba ukushisa nazo zonke izakhi ezidingekayo, kuhlanganise ne-nitrogen, i-potassium ne-phosphorus.
• Kumanyolo obunzima, izingqikithi ezihlanganiswa kakhulu zakhiwe yi "Nitrophoska", "Master", "Red Giant".

  Izitshalo zisiza izithombo ukuba zithole izimpande ezimweni zokushisa, zinikeze zonke izakhi ezidingekayo, zandise isivuno saleso sitshalo, ngoba ekubunjweni kwayo ukuhlanganiswa okulinganiselayo kwezici ezibalulekile zokulandelela kanye nezakhi zomzimba eziphilayo.

Umgomo oyinhloko kwanoma yimuphi umlimi wensimu ukuthola umphumela oyifunayo - isivuno esicebile. Akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa kwalezi zinto ezizosiza ukwenza isiko sibe nempilo enhle, sinamandla, i-tastier. Ukukhethwa komanyolo ophumelelayo kukhulu kakhulu. Futhi kukuwe ukuthi unqume ukuthi iziphi umquba ozisebenzisayo esakhiweni sakho noma ku-greenhouse.