Iziqu ezide kakhulu ze-Amaranth ziyabonakala abaningi njengokhula, nakuba le mbali iyalinywa futhi isetshenziswe ekuphekeni.
Ake sibone ukuthi yini ekhethekile ngalesi sitshalo nokuthi singakhula kanjani i-amaranth embhebheni yethu.
Amaranth: incazelo yesitshalo
Ekubukeni amaranth Kuyinto isitshalo eside kakhulu esineziqu ezincane kakhulu, ezigcwele amaqabunga amaningi futhi zikhishwa nge-paniculate eqondile ye-inflorescence (kwezinye izinhlobo ze-amaranth, i-inflorescence ingaguqa).
Ukuphakama okulinganiselwe kuyi-120 cm, nakuba izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo zingavamile ukudlula ngisho nokuphakama kwemitha. Izitshalo zingase zihluke ekuhlanganiseni, futhi amaqabunga angase athulwe nge-oval, ifomu le-diamond noma elongelwe.
Lapho i-amaranth isungulwa emazweni aseYurophu, yayisetshenziselwa isitshalo sefolda yezilwane kanye nembali ehlobisa, ekwazi ukujabulisa izimbali eziningi ezihlukahlukene:
- igolide
- obomvu;
- elibomvu;
- oluhlaza;
- elibomvu;
- ingxube yazo zonke lezi shades ezingenhla.
Ngemuva kokuqhakaza kwe-amaranth, kunezithelo ezakhiwe ezinomabhokisi, eziqukethe imbewu. Ngemuva kokuvuthwa okugcwele, imbewu iqoqwa futhi isetshenziselwa ukuhlwanyela ngonyaka ozayo noma ekudleni. Ezimweni ezifudumele, i-self amaranth kungenzeka.
Uyazi? I-Amaranth iyinhlangano enhle kakhulu yama-teas nama-saladi, kodwa izitshalo ezindala emibhedeni ngeke zifanelekele le njongo. Ngokwezinhloso zokudla, kubalulekile ukudala izitshalo ezihlukene eziqhamukayo, lapho ekufinyeleleni ukuphakama kwama-20 cm, ziqedwa ngokuphelele futhi zithunyelwe ukuze zomiswe noma ziphekwe.
Izimo zemoya zokukhula okuphumelelayo kwe-amaranth
I-Amaranth isitshalo esingenakuhlwanyela ekutshaleni, kepha akuzona zonke izimo zezulu ezifanele ukulima. Ngokuyinhloko, izinhlobo eziningi emazweni ashisayo ase-Asia ezingeni le-equator zingakhula njengesitshalo esingapheli, esingadingi ukutshala minyaka yonke.
Kodwa ezimweni zesimo sezulu esifundeni sethu, lesi sitshalo sakhula kuphela njengonyaka, ngoba akusiyo yona noma imbewu yayo ekwazi ukukhuthazelela ubusika emhlabathini ovulekile. Noma kunjalo, kakade entwasahlobo ezindaweni eziseningizimu yezwe lethu, i-amaranth ivumeleke ngokuphelele ukuba ihlwanyekwe imbewu ngqo emhlabathini ovulekile.
Ubuchwepheshe be-Amaranth seeding
I-Amaranth ingakhula ngobuchwepheshe obuhlukile, okukhethwa kuyo kuxhomeke ezimweni zezulu. Uma uhlala esifundeni lapho ukushisa kuvela khona phakathi kwentwasahlobo, ungahlwanyela imbewu ka-amaranth ngqo enhlabathini ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Kodwa uma ukushisa kwamanje kuqala ukujabulisa kuphela ngenyanga yokuqala yehlobo - kungcono ukuhlwanyela imbewu emabhokisini noma epotsheni yepeat for izithombo. Ezindaweni ezisenyakatho, sincoma ukuthi i-amaranth iyanda ngokusebenzisa izithombo.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-amaranth ngokuhlwanyela okuqondile
Ukutshala imbewu ka-amaranth kuhilela ukulungiselela kwangaphambili kwenhlabathi. Okokuqala, kufanelekile ukulinda ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli, lapho umhlaba okungenani amasentimitha angu-4-5 phakathi nosuku uyofudumala kufika ku-10 ° C nangaphezulu.
Futhi, inhlabathi kufanele ifakwe emfuleni ngokushesha yaqala ukukhula. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise umquba wamaminerali (ungakhetha isakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi), wanezela u-30 g wezinto eziyimitha ngayinye yemitha yendawo yemifino yensimu.
Kubalulekile! Uma ufaka umhlabathi wokuhlwanyela imbewu ye-amaranth, akudingekile ukwengeza okuningi kwe-nitrogen, ngoba ngesikhathi sokukhula lesi sitshalo sikwazi ukuguqula i-nitrogen ibe yi-nitrates eyingozi kubantu. Ngemuva kokuthi iziqu ze-amaranth zifinyelelwe ku-20 cm ukuphakama, kufanele zondliwe nge-nitrogen fertilizer, kodwa ngenxa yezizathu ezingenhla kufanelekile ukusebenzisa ingxenye eyodwa yesilinganiso esibonisiwe ephaketheni.
Uma uhlwanyela ama-amaranths, kubalulekile ukwenza imifula ekujuleni kwe-1.5 cm kanye nanye ngokufaka imbewu kuyo. Izwe ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyela kufanele kube yilapho ivulekile futhi ihlanjululwe. Kuhle uma kukhona isikhala phakathi kuka-7 kuya ku-10 cm emkhatsini wezitshalo emgodini owodwa (uma izinhlobonhlobo zide, kuningi kungenzeka) futhi cishe u-45 cm emgqeni owodwa.
Amahlumela avame ukubonakala ngosuku 7-10. Uma zinyene, ungakwazi ngokushesha ukuphumula izitshalo futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ukhulule inhlabathi ukukhuthaza ukukhula okuqhubekayo.
Ubuningi bama-amaranths wukuthi uma kuhlwanyelwa ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli bese ukhula ngokushesha, ukhula lulahlekelwa ithuba lokubamba "i-flowerbed ezungeze izimbali. Kodwa uma ungahambisani nesikhathi, ukhula lungaya ekukhuleni kuqala futhi umbhede wembali kuzodingeka uguqulwe kaningi. Emva kokuhlwanyela okunjalo, ukuvuthwa kwembewu egcwele kwenzeka ngemva kwezinyanga ezingu-3.5 kuphela.
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu yezithombo
Indlela yokukhulisa i-amaranth nezithombo? Ngalesi sizathu, imbewu ihlwanyelwa engxenyeni yesibili ka-Mashi, lapho amabhokisi aseplastiki asetshenziswa khona, izimbiza ezivamile zezimbali noma i-peat ekhethekile.
Ngemuva kokuhlwanyela, izimbiza zifakwa kumafasitela afudumele ngokukhanyisa okuhle. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi izinga lokushisa ekamelweni aliwi ngaphansi kwe-22 ° C. Amanzi kufanele avela ku-sprayer.
Kungakapheli isonto, kuvela amahlumela okuqala, okudingeka anikezwe amanye ama-3-4 izinsuku futhi aqotshwe, asuse wonke amahlumela abuthakathaka. Ngemuva kokuvela kwamapheshana amathathu kulezi zithombo, zingathathwa zibe izimbiza ezizimele. Uma kusetshenziselwa lokhu kupheka izimbiza (12 cm ububanzi), zingagujwa emhlabathini kanye nesitshalo.
Indlela yokutshala amaranth?
Kulesi sigaba, sizokhuluma ikakhulukazi ngokutshala izithombo, kusukela ngemuva kokuhlwanyela imbewu, ukunakekelwa kwe-amaranth kuyobe kususwe ukhula namanzi. Kodwa izithombo zinokuhlakanipha okuncane.
Lapho ukutshala amaranth
Ukuhlwanyelwa kwezimbewu ze-amaranth kufanele kuqale lapho usongo lwe-frosts entwasahlobo luqothulwa ngokuphelele futhi izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi phakathi nosuku luzohlala ngaphakathi kwe-10 ° C nangaphezulu. Ngokuvamile, le nqubo kufanele ihlelwe phakathi noma ekupheleni kukaMeyi. 
Lesi sitshalo sitshalwe enhlabathini elula futhi enomsoco nge-asidi ephansi (kungcono uma ixubene ne-limestone). Ukugeleza kungabuye kulungiswe ngaphansi kwenhlabathi.
Njengomanyolo we-nitroammofoska esetshenzisiwe i-amaranth (ayikho ngaphezu kuka-20 g ngayinye imitha yesikwele). Ngokuqondene nokukhethwa kwendawo ngaphansi kombhede we-amaranth, kufanele kukhanyiswe kahle ilanga.
Kubalulekile! I-Amaranth ayikwazi neze ukubizwa ngokuthi isitshalo esingenasisekelo, kodwa singabhubhisa izinga lokushisa eliphansi kanye nenhlabathi - umonakalo uvele ezimpandeni neziqu eziqala ukubola.
Ubuchwepheshe bokufika
Izithombo ze-Amaranth akudingeki ziphekwe uma zitshalwe emhlabathini. Kutshalwe emigqeni, phakathi kwalokho okudingekile ukushiya isikhala okungenani 45 cm, kanye nezinhlobo ezinkulu ezide - 70 cm. Isikhala sama-30 cm kufanele sihlale phakathi kwezitshalo.
Imithombo encane ilungiselwe ukutshala, lapho, emva kokufaka i-nitroammofoski, akudingeki umanyolo. Izithombo azidingeki zinciphise kakhulu emgodini ukuze zingabe zibolile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ngenkathi ingahambi ekukhuleni, inhlabathi embhede wembali kufanele iphuze njalo. Uma kubanda kungazelelwe, ungafihla umbhede nge-amaranths nefilimu ebusuku (kodwa ekuseni kufanele ususe indawo yokukhosela ukuze izithombo zingagcini).
Imithetho yokunakekelwa kwezitshalo
Iningi labo ukunakekelwa kwe-amaranth liyadingeka kuphela emva kokutshala izithombo zibe semhlabathini ovulekile. Kumele aphuze njalo, weeding ukhula lwawo. Kodwa ngokushesha nje lapho izithombo zikhula, ukhula e-flowerbed ne-amaranths luyophela, njengoba kunzima ukuba bahambisane nembali enkulu, eqinile.
Uyazi? Ngokunakekelwa kahle kwe-amaranth ngokukhula ngokushesha. Ngosuku olulodwa olufudumele, lapho isitshalo sibheke kahle ilanga, singakwazi ukwelula kuze kube ngu-7 cm.
Ngokuqondene nokunisela, kubalulekile kuphela ngenyanga yokuqala. Esikhathini esizayo, izithombo zigxilwe kahle ekujuleni kwemitha futhi angeke adinge ukuchelela. Okungenzeka kube yihlobo elomile ngaphandle kwemvula.
Engxenyeni yokuqala kaSeptemba izithelo nembewu ziqala ukwakha i-amaranth, futhi imbali ngokwayo ilahlekelwa ukuheha kwayo kancane kancane. Kusukela ekugcineni kwethu amaranth akakwazi ukuhlala ebusika, emva kokuvuthwa kuyadingeka ukuqoqa imbewu bese ususa izimbali kusukela embhedeni wembali.
Izitshalo ezinempilo zingasetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza umquba noma ukunikeza izilwane ezifuywayo (izinkukhu noma izingulube) njengezifo, ngoba zigcwele amaprotheni, i-carotene ne-vitamin C.
Ukuhlanza kwe-Amaranth
Phakathi nesikhathi semifino esebenzayo, kubalulekile ukukhetha izimbali eziqine kakhulu, lapho, emva kokumiswa kwamaqabunga aphansi kanye nokubonakala kweqhwa elimhlophe esiqwini, kubalulekile ukusika ngokucophelela ama-inflorescences. Ngakho-ke ukuthi bayomile kahle, bawabeke ekamelweni elomile, elinesentimo.
Kulo mhlaba, bangakwazi ukuhlala izinyanga ezimbalwa, emva kwalokho ama-panicles adinga ukuthi aphonswe futhi imbewu izofafaza kubo. Imbewu ehlwanyelwe ingagcinwa emasakeni noma emabhokisini. Zizofanelekela ukuhlwanyela cishe iminyaka emihlanu.
I-Amaranths yizimbali eziluhlaza ezibukeka zikhulu kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokutshala futhi zijabule ngezimbali zazo isikhathi eside kakhulu. Njengoba ukunakekelwa kwabo kuncane, sikukwazisa ukuba unake lesi sitshalo kubo bonke abalimi.
