Abalimi bezitshalo zokugcina izithombo kumele bazame ukutshala izinhlobo ezahlukene zamatamatisi "Olubomvu F1". Le hybrid evumela kakhulu ukuvuthwa ekuqaleni, inikeza isivuno esikhulu futhi cishe ayiguli. Izimfanelo zakhe ezinjalo ziheha abantu abaningi abafuna ukutshala utamatisi ezweni labo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho kulesi sihloko uzothola incazelo ephelele yezinhlobonhlobo, izici zayo eziyinhloko, izici ezikhethekile zokulima nokunakekelwa. Sizokubuye sikutshele ngemvelaphi yezinhlobonhlobo, inhloso yayo, ukuhlasela kwezifo ezithile.
Utamatisi "Olubomvu Olubomvu F1": incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo
| Igama leBanga | Okubomvu obomvu F1 |
| Incazelo jikelele | Mid-season, ezihlukahlukene ezingenamkhawulo utamatisi |
| Umsunguli | I-Russia |
| Ukuvusa | Izinsuku ezingu-110-115 |
| Ifomu | Izithelo zinezicucu, zinezibhamu ezisezingeni eliphezulu |
| Umbala | Olubomvu |
| Isisindo esijwayelekile samatamatisi | 200 amagremu |
| Isicelo | Uphatha uhlobo lwesaladi |
| Ukukhiqiza izinhlobo | 8 kg kusuka ehlathini 1 |
| Izici zokukhula | Ukubopha, ukubunjwa nokweqa okudingekayo |
| Izifo zokuphikisa | It has ukumelana kahle izifo. |
Izinhlobonhlobo zezitamatisi "Olubomvu F1" zibhekisela ezinhlobonhlobo zakuqala, ezinikezela kakhulu ezizukulwaneni zokuqala. Isihlahla esingenakulinganiswa, esincane, esakhiwe ngobuningi be-green mass, sidinga ukwakheka nokuhlanganiswa. Ukuphakama kwesitshalo somuntu omdala kufinyelela ku-2 m, endaweni evulekile ehlathini kuphuma ukucubungula okuningi.
Ubuningi obuhlaza bugcwele, amaqabunga ayingayizi ephakathi, eluhlaza okomnyama. Izithelo ezivuthiwe zivuthiwe zezingcezu ezingu-5-7. Ukukhiqiza kuhle, kusuka ehlathini kungenzeka ukuqoqa kuze kube ngu-8 kg wezitamatisi ezikhethiwe. Utamatisi "Olubomvu-Olubomvu F1" mkhulu, enesisindo esingu-200 g ngayinye. Emagatsheni aphansi, utamatisi amancane futhi angafinyelela ku-300 g. Ukuma kuyisigodi, futhi kukhonjiswe nge-stem.
Uma sesivuthiwe, umbala uguquka kusuka obala okhanyayo kuze kube obomvu obomvu. Isikhumba sincane, sivikela kahle izithelo ekuqhekekeni. Inyama ingamanzi amancane, inyama, ivulekile, ishukela ngesikhathi sokuphuka, imbewu encane. Ukunambitheka kugcwele, kumnandi ngokulula. Izithelo zinomqondo ophezulu wezhukela nezakhi zokulandelela eziwusizo.
Ungaqhathanisa isisindo sotamatisi salezi ezihlukahlukene nabanye etafuleni elingezansi:
| Igama leBanga | Izithelo isisindo (amagremu) |
| Okubomvu obomvu | 200 |
| I-Altai | 250-500 |
| Usayizi waseRashiya | 650-2000 |
| I-Andromeda | 70-300 |
| Isipho sikaGogo | 180-220 |
| I-Gulliver | 200-800 |
| I-ribbed yaseMelika | 300-600 |
| Nastya | 150-200 |
| Yusupovskiy | 500-600 |
| Dubrava | 60-105 |
| I-Grapefruit | 600-1000 |
| Isigubhu segolide | 150-200 |
Isiqalo nesicelo
Izinhlobonhlobo zika utamatisi Olubomvu Olubomvu oboshiwe ngabalimi baseRussia, okuhloselwe ukutshala ezindaweni ezihlukene, ngaphandle kwenyakatho. Umhlabathi wangaphakathi uthanda: izithombo zokugcina eziluhlaza noma ama-greenhouses. Ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esishisayo, kungenzeka ukutshala emibhedeni evulekile. Izithelo ezivunwe kahle zigcinwe, ukuhamba kungenzeka. Utamatisi "Olubomvu nobomvu F1", uthathwe eluhlaza, uvuthwe ngokushesha ekamelweni lokushisa.
Izithelo zingokwesaladi, zingadliwa zihlanzekile, zisetshenziselwa ukulungiselela ukudla okulula, ama-saladi, izitsha zangasese, isobho, amazambane ahlambulukile. Izithelo ezimnandi ezithandekayo zenziwe, zijwayele ukuhlobisa izitsha. Utamatisi ovuthiwe wenza ijusi elimnandi elimnandi, elicebile kuma-amino acids.
Funda ku-website yethu: izifo ezivame kakhulu zika utamatisi ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo nokuthi ungabhekana kanjani nazo.Yiziphi izitamatisi eziphikisana nezifo eziningi futhi eziphikisana nokulimala okuphelile? Iziphi izindlela zokuvikela phytophthora?
Isithombe
Ukubukeka ngokujwayelene nezinhlobonhlobo zamatamatisi "Olubomvu F1" ungaba esithombeni esingezansi:
Amandla nobuthakathaka
Phakathi kwezinzuzo eziyinhloko ezihlukahlukene:
- isivuno esihle;
- izithelo ezihlwabusayo ezifanele ama-saladi kanye nokugaya;
- okuqukethwe okuphezulu ushukela namavithamini utamatisi ovuthiwe;
- kungenzeka ukugcina isikhathi eside;
- ukumelana nomkhuhlane nesomiso;
- kancane kancane izifo eziyinhloko zika utamatisi ku-greenhouse.
Phakathi kwezici ezifanele ukuphawula isidingo sokubunjwa okuhle kwehlathi, ukuhlanganisa nokukhipha izinyathelo. Utamatisi ezihlukahlukene "Olubomvu obomvu u-F1" uzwela ekusizeni, ngokuntuleka kwezakhi, isivuno sinciphile kakhulu. Enye indlela ejwayelekile eyenziwa ngayo yonke imifino ukuhluleka ukuqoqa imbewu kusuka utamatisi ovuthiwe.
Ungaqhathanisa isivuno sezinto ezihlukahlukene usebenzisa idatha engezansi:
| Igama leBanga | Ukuthela |
| Okubomvu obomvu | 8 kg kusuka esihlahleni |
| Umuntu ovilaphayo | 15 kg ngayinye imitha yesikwele |
| I-Rocket | 6.5 kg imitha ngayinye |
| Uhlala ehlobo | 4 kg kusuka esihlahleni |
| UNdunankulu | 6-9 kg imitha ngayinye |
| Idoli | 8-9 kg imitha ngayinye |
| Stolypin | 8-9 kg imitha ngayinye |
| Klusha | 10-11 kg imitha ngayinye |
| I-Black bunch | 6 kg kusuka esihlahleni |
| I-Fat jack | 5-6 kg kusuka esihlahleni |
| Buyan | 9 kg kusuka esihlahleni |
Izici zokukhula
Utamatisi okhulayo "Olubomvu F1" - inqubo echitha isikhathi. Yiphakamise nge-rassadny indlela. Ukuhluma okuhle kunika imbewu eqoqwe eminyakeni emithathu edlule. Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, kunconywa ukuthi ubaphathe ngesithuthukisi sokukhula.. Ukucwiliswa kokungcola akudingeki, imbewu iyadlula ekunqumeni okudingekayo ngaphambi kokuba ithengiswe. Ngoba izithombo zidinga inhlabathi elula izakhi. Kunconywa ingxube ye-turf ne-humus noma inhlabathi engadini ne-peat.
Ukuze uthole umoya ophakeme, ingxenye encane yesihlabathi somfula ehlanjululwe ingena kwi-substrate. Izinkuni zokhuni, umanyolo we-potash noma i-superphosphate zingandisa ukondla. Imbewu ihlwanyela nge-2 cm ejulile, ihlanjululwa ngokucophelela ngamanzi futhi ihlanganiswe ne-foil. Ukuze uqhube, udinga izinga lokushisa elithambile elingaphansi kwama-degree angu-25.
Ngemuva kokuthi amahlumela avele, izithombo zivezwe ekukhanyeni. Ngezinsuku ezinamafu, likhanyiswa ngezibani ezinamandla ze-fluorescent. Lapho utamatisi omncane bekhipha amaqabunga wangempela, bawela emiphakathini ehlukene bese bondla nge-complex fertilizer. Ukondla okwesibili kwenziwa emavikini amabili, ngaphambi kokudlula emibhedeni.
Kusukela maphakathi no-May, izithombo ziqala ukuqina, ziletha emoyeni ovulekile. Ukuhamba kokuqala kungapheli isikhathi esingaphezu kwehora, ngesonto kamuva "utamatisi obomvu F1" ushiywe ku-veranda noma kuvulonini akuwona wonke usuku. Ukufakelwa kwezitamatisi endaweni yokushisa noma inhlabathi kwenzeka eduze kwasekuqaleni kukaJuni.
Umhlaba ukhululiwe ngokuphelele, umlotha wokhuni noma i-superphosphate ukhonjelwe emigodini. Ngesikwele esingu-1. Imikhakha engakwazi ukuhlala ngaphandle kwezihlahla ezintathu, ukuhlwanyela ukutshala kuholela ekuvuneni okuphansi. Phakathi kwemigqa, isikhala sama-100 cm sishiywe.
Emva kokufakelwa isitshalo, utamatisi uqala ukukhula. Ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, izihlahla zingadliwa ngama-fertilizer ane-nitrogen, okukuvumela ukuba ukwandise ngokushesha umthamo ohlaza. Ngemuva kokuthi zonke utamatisi ziqhakaze, udinga ukuya ezindaweni eziqukethe i-phosphorus ne-potassium, okufaka isandla ekwakhekeni kwezithelo.
Inhlabathi embi ivimbela ama-ovaries athuthukayo ekuthuthukiseni; izithelo zincane. Izithako ze-Organic ne-mullein ezihlanjululwe noma izinyoni ze-droppings nazo zingenzeka. Kodwa-ke, akufanele baphathwe kabi, okweqile ngokweqile kunomthelela ekuqoqeni kwe-nitrate ezithelo.
Ukuphuza isidingo utamatisi ngokulinganiselanjengoba isisindo soma. Kuzo zokugcina izithombo kanye nokugcina izithombo zokugcoba kunciphisa kakhulu. Phakathi, inhlabathi ikhululiwe, ihlinzeka ukufinyelela emoyeni ezimpandeni.
Weeding okuphoqelekile. Ukuze ulondoloze izinga elijwayelekile lomswakama, inhlabathi ingaba nomhlabathi nge-peat, humus noma utshani. Ukuvuthwa utamatisi kudinga ukwakha ngesikhathi esifanele. Ikhula ngokukhethekile ku-1 stem. Ukuze uthole ukuthungwa okungcono, kunconywa ukuthi ususe amaqabunga aphansi, futhi uhlume kabusha ama-lateral amahlumela ngesikhathi esifanele. Isidingo sokwakha nokushayela.
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuthuthukiswa kwama-ovari, abalimi abanolwazi bahlanza izimbali ezinokukhubazeka noma ezibuthakathaka emabalazweni aphansi. Izitshalo ezide zihlanganiswa ne-trellis, njengoba izithelo zivuthwa, amagatsha anamandla kumelwe ahlanganiswe nezisekeli.
Izinambuzane nezifo
Izinhlobonhlobo zamatamatisi "Olubomvu F1" unamathele ngokwanele ezifweni. Yena kuyisici esincane seqabunga lamabala, ukubola okuphezulu nokuphezulu, i-Fusarium, i-Verticillus. Nokho, ukuze kube nokuphepha okukhulu, kunconywa ukuba kwenziwe izinyathelo eziningi zokuvimbela. Ama-utamatisi ahlelwe kabusha emhlabathini, owawuthathwa ama-legumes, iklabishi, izaqathe noma ama-herbs aqoshiwe.
Akunakwenzeka sebenzisa inhlabathi eyakhula enye i-solanaceous: isitshalo seqanda, amazambane, pepper enomnandi.
Esikhathini sokushisa, umhlabathi ophezulu wendawo uguqulwa njalo ngonyaka, futhi ngaphambi kokutshala uphelelwa isisombululo esinamandla se-potassium permanganate noma i-sulfate yethusi. Izimila zivuthiwe njalo nge-phytosporin noma ezinye izidakamizwa ze-bio-drug. Isigaba sokuvuthwa okuvuthiwe kuvame ukuvuthisa ukuqhuma kwe-fitoftoroza. Kodwa uma lesi sifo sithinta ukutshala, kunconywa ukuba siphathe izihlahla ngamalungiselelo enethusi, okuyiwona ozobhubhisa izithelo noma amahlamvu ashintshiwe.
Utamatisi ungasongelwa yi-slugs, i-Colorado beetles, thrips, i-whitefly noma i-aphid. Ukuze unciphise inani lezilokazane, kufanele sikhulume ngesikhathi sokhula imibhede bese sithungatha inhlabathi. Izibungu ezinkulu zivunwa ngesandla, isixazululo esinamafutha ammonia sihle kakhulu kuma-slugs.
Indlela elula yokususa ama-aphid unamanzi afudumele, asosi asehlanza iziqu namaqabunga. Akunamaphutha amancane nezilokazane kanye nesisombululo esibomvu se-potassium permanganate. Izinambuzane ezisiza izinambuzane ezindizayo. Ukwelashwa kwenziwa 2 noma 3 izikhathi ngezikhathi eziningana. Ungasebenzisa izidakamizwa ezinobuthi ngaphambi kokusila. Bese kuthiwa bangokwemvelo: i-decoction ye-celandine, ikhasi le-anyanisi noma i-chamomile.
"Red Red F1" - hybrid, enikeza ithuba ukuqoqa utamatisi ngasekupheleni kukaJuni. Izitshalo zitshalwe endaweni yokushisa noma emibhedeni evulekile, ngokunakekelwa kahle, isitshalo ngeke sidumise ngisho nabalimi abanolwazi.
Siphinde senze izihloko zakho zokunakwa ngezinhlobonhlobo zamatamatisi ngezimiso ezivuthiwe zokuvuthwa:
| Ngaphambi kokuqala | Ukuphumula okuphakathi | Phakathi nonyaka |
| I-Transnistria entsha | I-Abakansky pink | Isihambi |
| Ipullet | Isivinini saseFrance | Pear elibomvu |
| I-giant giant | Ibhanana eliphuzi | I-Chernomor |
| Torbay | I-Titan | Benito F1 |
| Tretyakovsky | Slot f1 | UPaul Robson |
| I-Black Crimea | I-Volgogradsky 5 95 | Indlovu yokusajingijolo |
| Chio Chio San | I-Krasnobay f1 | Mashenka |
