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Ukulawula izinambuzane

Indlela yokukhulisa i-cyclamen enhle kusifestile sakho

Isitshalo esinezinhlanzi esihlala isikhathi eside esinezimbali ezifana nomhlambi wezimvemvane ezikhanyayo ngobuhle yi-cyclamen. Elinye igama le-cyclamen li-alpine violet. Uvela eMedithera, ivame kakhulu eNyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Afrika, eSpain.

I-Cyclamen inezimbali zangempela nobubanzi bombala obubanzi kakhulu. Kukhona i-cyclamen emhlophe, i-purple, lonke uhla lwe-pink shades, elibomvu ne-burgundy. Futhi yini enhle kakhulu, izimbali zifinyelela ezinyangeni ezingu-3.5.

I-alpine violet blooms kusukela engxenyeni yesibili ka-Okthoba kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Mashi. I-Cyclamen - isitshalo asithandi kakhulu, kodwa abanye banomqondo ohlukile. Eqinisweni, uma ulandela izincomo ezithile, ubunzima obunembali ngeke buvuke.

Indlela yokukhetha i-cyclamen efanele esitolo

Lapho sibona esitolo sembali sihlakaza izimbali ezinhle kakhulu, kunzima ukumelana nokuthenga. Ngokomthetho, ukukhetha i-flowerpot akuxhomekile kuphela kumbala we-inflorescences, kufanelekile ukulalela ezinye izilinganiso zezitshalo. Le nqubo ikhetha ukuhlolwa kwesimo sezimpande, ezibonakala emgodini wokugeleza wamanzi. Kubalulekile ukuthi izimpande zisesimweni esihle nokuthi akukho ukubola kubo.

I-flowerpot akufanele ibe namaqabunga aphuzi futhi kuhle uma kuneziqu eziningi ezingavumelekile kuso. Okukhudlwana i-tuber kungcono. Amaqabunga asitshalo kumele aqiniseke, akumele kube khona izimbali ezibolile zezimbali noma izinsalela zabo ebhodweni.

Ukunakekelwa kwe-Cyclamen ngesikhathi sezimbali

Ukunakekela i-cyclamen ekhaya kusho ukunakekelwa ekukhetheni indawo ye-flowerpot, ukulawula izinga lokushisa, ukuchelela okufanele, ukudla ngesikhathi esifanele nokubona umswakama okudingekayo wesitshalo.

Ukukhetha indawo nokukhanyisa

I-Cyclamen ithanda ukukhanya. Kumele ifakwe emafasiteleni efasitela, engangeni elangeni eliqondile, kodwa ngokukhanya okuningi kwemini. Ngokuvamile indawo engcono kakhulu ye-cyclamen yindiza enhlangothini enyakatho yendlu.

Ukushisa nomswakama

I-Cyclamen ngesikhathi sezimbali kufanele ipholile. Uyoba lokushisa okukhululekile + 12-15 ° C. Kubi uma izinga lokushisa liwela ngaphansi kwama-degree angu-10 noma likhuphuka ngaphezu kwama-degree angama-20.

Ukuze ukhule kangcono nenhlalakahle yembali, umoya owuzungezile kufanele uhlushwe. Lokhu kuzosiza ukufiphaza okuvamile. Kodwa kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umswakama ofuthiwe awuwi ngqo ngqo nesitshalo ngokwawo.

Ukunisela nokudla umhlabathi

Esitshalweni kwakukhululekile phakathi nenkathi yezimbali, kufanele kusetshenziswe njalo. Uma ukuchelela amanzi akufanele kuwele endaweni yehlumela ye-corm, emaqabeni nezimbali zalesi sitshalo. Izindlela ezinhle zokuchelela - eduze komngcele wembiza, noma uthele amanzi epanini. Ngaso sonke isikhathi ngesikhathi sokuphila kwesitshalo, kubalulekile ukuthi ungadluli umhlabathi.

Ukondla i-cyclamen ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwenziwa njalo emavikini amabili. Kulokhu, kusetshenziselwa umquba wamaminerali. Ukufaka umquba, ungalungisa umanyolo we-phosphate-potassium: uthathe i-1 g ye-superphosphate no-0.5 g we-potassium sulfate for 1 l amanzi.

Ukunakekelwa kwe-Cyclamen ngesikhathi sokuphumula

Izitshalo eziningi zikhula futhi zikhule ehlobo, zinike izimbali nezithelo. Kodwa ngokuqondene ne-cyclamen, lesi sitshalo siqhakaza ngenkathi ebandayo. Ukunakekela i-cyclamen ehlobo kubaluleke kakhulu njengokushiya ngesikhathi sezimbali. Ukufaneleka kokunakekelwa ngesikhathi sokuphumula kuyonquma ukuthi imbali izoqhakaza kanjani ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwayo.

Kubalulekile! Kukholelwa ukuthi uma ngesikhathi sekhalenda sokuphumula lesi sitshalo siqhubeka siqhakaza, ngakho-ke kufanele sibe umhlalaphansi othatha umhlalaphansi - okungukuthi, unqamule amafihlethi namaqabunga. Kodwa okuhlangenwe nakho okunjalo akuholeli kunoma yini enhle, ama-flowerpots anjalo ayagula futhi avame ukufa.

Ukulungiselela isikhathi sokuphumula, i-cyclamen ingaqhubeka nokudala amaqabunga amasha, kuyilapho labadala bephuzi bese befa. Amaqabunga afile kufanele asuswe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-tuber izondla izakhi ezizokwenziwa ngesikhathi esizayo.

Kubalulekile ukulandela imithetho yokusebenzisa amanzi ase-cyclamen ngesikhathi sokuphumula. Kuyinto engafanele ukuthi i-cyclamen ayidingi ukuphuziswa ngalesi sikhathi. Uma ukudoba ngokweqile kwenhlabathi kuvunyelwe, bese kuphuza isitshalo ngokweqile, ukuphahlazeka kungabonakala kwi-tuber. Lezi ziqhekeko aziyingozi, kodwa kuphela uma zingatholi amanzi. Uma belala amalahle aphukile, ukuchoboza ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kuyobekwa ngophethi olukhulu.

Phakathi nesikhathi sokuphumula, ukuchelela okulinganisela kuyadingeka ukuvimbela ukubola kwe-tuber. Umanyolo we-cyclamen ngalesi sikhathi awusebenzi. Ukuze uvimbele ukubola, ungangezela amaconsi ambalwa ka phytosporin emanzini ngesikhathi sokuchelela.

Ngokukhanyisa ehlobo, lesi sitshalo kufanele sivikelwe ekukhanyeni okukhanyayo okukhanyayo. Ukuphuza akudingekile, kodwa uma kungenzeka ukubeka imbali emthunzini opholile, kuyobe kukhululekile lapho.

Isikhathi esilahlekile sihlala izinyanga ezingu-2-3, emva kwalokho amaqabunga amasha namaqabunga aqala ukuvela.

Ukulungiswa kokuhamba kwe-Cyclamen

Uma uthenga, udinga ukulungele isidingo sokuba nokufakelwa kwe-cyclamen. Izitshalo zaseDutch zivame ukuhlinzeka nge-subatate ye-peat, eyakhelwe ukuhambisa izimbali, kodwa ayifanele ukukhula kwesitshalo eside.

Ukubuyisela kabusha kungenziwa kanye ngonyaka, ngaphambi kokuba i-flowerpot ikhule. Isikhathi esifanele kakhulu kubhekwa ukuphela kuka-Agasti noSeptemba, lapho izinga lokushisa lokunciphisa umoya linomphumela omuhle ekukhuleni.

Ukufakelwa kabusha kufanele udinga inhlabathi evamile ethengwe. Kungalungiswa kusuka kulezi zici ezilandelayo: peat, humus, sand and leaf leaf. Inhlabathi ye-Leaf engxenyeni kufanele ibe ngaphezu kwezinye izithako. Lesi sitshalo kumele sisuswe ebhodweni bese uhlanza kahle izimpande ze-peat ezisele kuzo. Uma inqubo ibonisa izicutheka ezibolile, kufanele zisuswe.

Ngaphambi kokufakelwa kabusha, udinga ukunquma ukuthi yimiphi ibhodlela edingekayo ye-cyclamen. Ubukhulu bokhuni buxhomeke eneminyaka yembali. I-cyclamen engu-1-1.5 ubudala, ibhodlela elilingana no-8 cm likhethiwe. Ukuze uthole i-cyclamen yeminyaka emithathu, ibhodlela elilingana no-15 cm lifanelekile.

Ngaphansi kwebhodlela kumele kube yizimbobo zamanzi, uma zingekho ekuqaleni, ungazenza wena ngokwakho. Ngemuva kwaloko, izansi zibeke amanzi - udaka noma amagwebhisi anwetshiwe. Ngosizo lwamanzi, ungagwema izitshalo ezingaphezu kwamanzi.

Ngaphambi kokutshala i-cyclamen enhlabathini entsha, kunconywa ukuba uyishaye kuhhavini ngehora elilodwa. Noma ungakwenza epanini noma usebenzise inhlabathi nge-potassium permanganate. Izinyathelo ezinjalo ziyadingeka ukuze kuvikeleke isitshalo ekungeneni ukutheleleka ngezifo ze-fungal.

Enkambeni yokutshala kabusha, ingxube yobumba ebhodweni akudingeki ibe yinkinga. Kusukela kusitshalo udinga ukususa amaqabunga ambalwa amadala, okusiza ukuqinisa impilo yesitshalo.

Kubalulekile! Susa amaqabunga endala ngokudubula, hhayi nje ukuwaqeda.

Imbali ngokwayo kumele ifakwe ngokucophelela phakathi kwebhodlela elisha, liyibeke endaweni ukuze lingalimazi uhlelo lwempande. Izimpande kumele ziqondiswe futhi zimbozwe ngobumnene umhlaba. I-tuber ngokwayo ayidingi ukumbozwa ngokuphelele umhlaba, kufanele ibuke kancane kancane.

Ngemuva kokufakelwa isitshalo, inhlabathi iyanisela futhi ivumelekile ukuthi ibambe. Khona-ke ukuchelela kuphindaphindiwe, futhi umhlaba ungeziwe ebhodweni. Kodwa nangemva kwalesi sigaba, i-tuber kumele ihlale ingenhla ngaphezu komhlaba.

Kubalulekile! Emva kokufakelwa kwesitshalo, i-cyclamen ayikwazi ukufakwa emasontweni amabili kuya kwamathathu.

Izindlela ezimbili zokuzala i-cyclamen

Kunezindlela ezimbili ezivame kakhulu zokuzala i-cyclamen:

  • imbewu;
  • ukuhlukaniswa kwe-tuber.
Uma usakazeka ngembewu, kuzodingeka ulinde isikhathi eside ukuze kube nezimbali kunesikhathi sokukhiqiza nge-tuber. Isikhathi esihle sokuhlwanyela imbewu ngo-Agasti.

Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, imbewu ichitheka ngekhambi le-ushukela elingu-5%. Imbewu kuphela eyaziwa phansi izothathwa, kanti lezo ezikhulayo azifanelekile. Olunye uhlobo lwezinsuku lufakwe kwisisombululo se-zircon.

Imbewu ihlwanyelwa engxenyeni yomhlaba kanye ne-peat - ihlelwe phansi futhi ifafazwe kancane phezu koqweqwe oluncane lomhlaba. Ukushisa kokuhluma kufanele kube ngu-20 ° C. Ngaphezulu kwendawo yokutshala ihlanganiswe nefilimu ebonakalayo, ngezinye izikhathi isuswe ngokunisela nokuhambisa umhlabathi. Izithombo kufanele zikhuphuke ngezinsuku ezingu-30-40.

Ngemuva kwehlumela, ukukhwabanisa kususwe, izitshalo ezincane zifakwa endaweni ngaphandle kwelanga eliqondile kanye nokushisa kwama-15-17 ° C. Emva kokuvela kwamaqabunga amabili noma amathathu kanye nokwakhiwa kwe-tuber encane, izitshalo zidilika. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoDisemba. Ngemuva kokukhetha isitshalo ngesonto, ungayidla nge umanyolo wemifino ngesilinganiso esilinganisiwe.

Ezimbizeni ezizimele, i-cyclamen itshalwe imbewu kusukela ngo-Ephreli - Meyi. Ziqhakaza ezinyangeni ezingu-13-15 emva kokuhlwanyela.

Ngaphandle kwembewu yokuzala, i-cyclamen ingahlukaniswa ngokuhlukanisa i-tuber. Kungenzeka ukukhiqiza ukukhiqiza okunjalo kuphela ngenkathi yonke isitshalo. I-anyanisi isuswa emhlabathini, imiswe kancane. Emva kwalokho, sinqunywe ngezicucu eziningana. Ingxenye ngayinye kufanele ibe nezimpande eziphilayo eziqinile nezifihlekile. Zonke izingxenye zempande zicutshungulwa ngelahle elichotshoziwe futhi zomile futhi. Cishe ngosuku lwesithathu, izingxenye ze-tuber zingatshalwa emhlabathini, ngayinye ebhodweni layo.

Ukukhiqizwa ngokuhlukanisa i-tuber akupheli ngaso sonke isikhathi, kunengozi yokulahlekelwa isitshalo ngokungenakwenzeka.

Imithi yokwelapha ye-cyclamen

I-Cyclamen iqukethe izinto ezinezindawo zokuphulukisa. Phakathi kwazo kukhona i-cyclamine, i-saponin, izinto ezibabazayo.

Uyazi? I-cyclamine inobuthi obuqondile. Kodwa endaweni enomswakama, iwela i-hydrolysis iphinde iphenduke i-cyclamyrethine, enomphumela wokuphulukisa.

I-cyclamen juice inemiphumela elandelayo:

  • ubhubhisa amagciwane;
  • kuqeda izinqubo zokuvuvukala;
  • isenzo se-antiseptic;
  • inhibits i-pathogenic flora ebangela izifo zesigubhu sezinsi;
  • Ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka nge-rheumatism, gout, izifo zamalunga namathambo.
Ijusi elisha le-cyclamen isono esiningi se-maxillary. Ilungiselelwe kusuka ezilimo eziyizigaxa ezintsha, ezichotshoziwe zibe yisimo sama-mushy. Izingxenye ezingu-10 zamanzi zengezwa ku-pulp kusuka ku-cyclamen futhi zisinda nge-gauze. Imithi eholayo ingafakwa emakhaleni, ama-drops 1-2. Inhlanganisela efanayo ngesimo se-douching isetshenziselwa izifo ze-gynecological.

Uyazi? I-Cyclamen yokupheka kwezidakamizwa kuvuna ekwindla. Izilimo eziyizigaxa zenziwe futhi zithunyelwa ukuze zivuselelwe kabusha. Uma ubamba i-tuber ngesinye isikhathi, ngeke abe namandla anjalo okuphulukisa.

Ihlanganiswe ngamafutha omquba, ijusi le-cyclamen lisetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-sinusitis. Le nhlanganisela ibangele ukugcoba nokukhuthaza ukukhululwa kwe-pus.

Uma i-pulp ephuma ku-cyclamen ithela utshwala noma i-vodka futhi igcizelela amasonto amabili, uthola i-tincture yotshwala. I-Tincture ithathwe ngu-15-30 yehla kuze kube izikhathi ezintathu ngosuku. Njengoba ukuxubha kusiza ubuhlungu be-rheumatic, ubuhlungu obuhlangene futhi busetshenziselwa ukubhoboza.

Ukumnika okushisayo kulungiselelwa ngokuthululela isipuni esingu-1 sezimpande ze-cyclamen nezinkomishi ezimbili zamanzi abilayo. Kubalulekile ukwamukela ukubukeka okufudumele ku-1 isipuni emva kokudla. Kunqunywe ukuphazamiseka kokulala, ngaphezu kwesimiso sezinzwa. Futhi ukumnika okuphumelelayo okushisayo ezifweni zesigubhu sezinsana nesibindi.

Kanye nezakhiwo ezizuzisayo ze-cyclamen kungaba yingozi empilweni. Ukuqhathaniswa kokufaka hlangana kufaka hlangana nokutholakala kwamagciwane ukuya esihlahleni, ukukhulelwa, ukubeletha kanye neminyaka engama-7. Imithi esekelwe e-Cyclamen ingathathwa kuphela njengoba ishiwo udokotela.

Ngefomu elingavunyelwe, i-cyclamen ingabangela ukushisa emagqumeni amancane. Ukudlula ngokweqile kubangela ubuthi nge-fever. Ezimweni ezimbi, umsebenzi we-system cardiovascular is disturbed, i-pulmaary edema ne-bronchospasm ivela.

Izifo nezinambuzane: izici zokwelashwa nokunakekelwa ngalesi sikhathi

I-Cyclamen ijwayele izifo ezithile kanye nokuhlasela kwezinambuzane. Ngesikhathi esinzima kangaka, lesi sitshalo sidinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile.

Izimbangela zokufa kwe-cyclamen:

  • ukushisa okuphezulu;
  • i-waterlogging;
  • umonakalo ku-tuber;
  • ukubola ama-peduncles namaqabunga.
Ezimweni eziningi, lesi sitshalo singasindiswa uma ubona izimpawu zesifo ngesikhathi futhi uthatha isinyathelo.

Izifo ze-Cyclamen kanye nokwelashwa kwazo:

  • Amaqabunga aphuzi. Lesi sifo senzeke lapho lesi sitshalo siphila emazingeni okushisa ngaphezu kwama-degrees angu-18, futhi umoya ekamelweni unomile. Ukuze silwe futhi kuvimbele amaqabunga aphuzi, umoya ozungeze lesi sitshalo uswakanyiswe ngokuphala amanzi, futhi isitshalo sifakwa endaweni ngaphandle kokushisa amadivaysi ukulungisa izinga lokushisa.
  • Ukubola kwama-leaf stalks. Lesi sifo sinobuciko bezitshalo eziye zahambisa umhlabathi. Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi lesi sitshalo sizobola lapho amanzi engena phezulu kwe-tuber. Ukulwa nalesi sifo udinga ukuhlinzeka ngemithombo emihle. Ibhodlela lifakwa emgodini ngamatshe amatshe futhi ilawulwa ukuze amahlumela abe nemanzi.
  • I-deaf deformation. Lesi sifo sibonakala ngenxa yokuba khona kwe-disest - cyclamen mite. Kuyinto encane kakhulu ngobukhulu, efana nosuku oluvamile. I-Mite itholakala ngaphansi kweqabunga lesitshalo. Lapho kufika i-cyclamen mite, ukukhula kwezitshalo kunciphisa, emaphethelweni amaqabunga ahlanganiswe. Ukwelashwa ukukhipha amaqabunga abathintekile nokuphalaza kwe-cyclamen insecticide.
  • I-Fusarium Isifo se-fungal esithinta izicubu zezitshalo nezinhlelo zamascular. Ama-pathogens angena enhlabathini ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lwempande. Amaqabunga aphezulu aphenduka aphuzi, ngokuvamile ehlangothini olulodwa. Isitshalo asiniki izimbali ngokwanele futhi asibukeka kahle kakhulu. Ukwelashwa kwesisekelo esisetshenziswa 0.1% sokunisela impande nokupuniza nge-topsin-M 0.1%.
  • Isifungumnyama esimnyama. Uma lesi sitshalo siphila kuma-aphid, sishiya ngemuva kokukhishwa okumnandi emaqabunga e-cyclamen. Khona-ke i-fungus ibonakala kubo. Ingozi yayo ikhona lokuthi leli shidi alitholanga ukukhanya okwanele. Lesi sitshalo sinciphisa futhi sinciphisa ekukhuleni. Ukuze uthole ukwelashwa, i-plaque kufanele isuswe ngendwangu emanzi futhi amaqabunga aphathwe ngesisombululo nesiphuzo sezethusi.
  • I-Anthracnose. Kuboniswe ngesikhathi sezimbali. I-Anthracnose iqhubekela phambili ngenkuthalo nokushisa, ithinta amaqabunga nezimbali zombala. Izimbali ziyoma, ukuqhakaza akukwenzeka. Okulandelayo, ukutheleleka kudlulela emaqabunga, bawela ngaphakathi kwipayipi, amahlamvu endala ayafa. Ukuze silwe ne-anthracnose, kudingekile kuqala ukwehlisa umswakama, ukususa amahlumela abonakalisiwe futhi uphathe imbiza izikhathi ezingu-2-3 njenge-fungicide.
  • Ukubola okumanzi. Lesi yisifo se-bacteria. I-Cyclamen ibuna, amaqabunga awela, i-tuber exudes iphunga elimnandi. Izimpande zelala izitshalo. Lesi sifo sifinyelela ezindaweni zamaqabunga noma amanxeba phezu kweziqu, futhi amabhaktheriya e-pathogenic angakwazi ukuthelela isitshalo ngamanzi. Lesi sifo singelapheki, futhi isitshalo kumele sibhujiswe uma sesonakalisiwe.

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