Izinto eziwusizo kakhulu - engadini nasekhaya! Ukuqaphela isipinashi saseNew Zealand kanye nezincomo zokulima

Isipinashi saseNew Zealand yisitshalo esiphathelene nesipinashi esivamile futhi sinomsoco we-mineral kanye ne-vitamin. Kuyoba usizo kubo bobabili abadala kanye nezingane, futhi ukunambitheka kwayo okumangalisayo kuzokwenzela ngisho nezinduna eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.

Njengoba isakazeke kabanzi phakathi kwabalimi nabalimi, isipinashi saseNew Zealand sasetshenziswa ekuphekeni njengomthombo okhona wezakhi ezakhiwe ngendlela entsha futhi ephathekayo. Funda konke mayelana nalesi sipinashi bese ufunda ukuthi ungakhula kanjani ensimini yakho. Labo abangenalo isiteleka akudingeki badikibale. Isipinashi singakhula ngisho nasefesiteleni.

Incazelo ye-botanical

Isipinashi saseNew Zealand - imifino yonyaka yokuvuthwa yokuqala kusukela emndenini we-crystal, uhlobo lweTetragonia.

Ukuhluma kwembewu yepinishi yaseNew Zealand kunamaphesenti angama-98%, kanti isivuno sifinyelela ku-3-5 kilograms ngemitha yesikwele. Lesi sitshalo sifudumele futhi sinomswakama-onothando. Ukudubula kamuva. Inzuzo eningi njalo yemifino isici.

Kufanelekile ukukhula emhlabathini ovulekile, ezimweni zokushisa nezimo zasekhaya. Lesi sitshalo asibekezelele ukushisa (ngaphansi kwama-degrees Celsius angaphansi kuka-15), imimoya eqinile namaqhwa amancane. Isikhathi sokukhula siyizinsuku ezingu-55-65, ukufakelwa kabusha kwenzeka inyanga eyodwa ngemva kokuhlwanyela.

Incazelo yokubukeka

Izithelo zimbalwa, zinesimo sebhokisi lezinhlamvu eziboshwe nge-spikes, iqukethe imbewu engu-2 kuya ku-8. Uhlelo lwempande alujulile, luhlanjululwe ngokulinganisela, luhlanganisiwe. Imifino yinyama, enamanzi, ebonakala ngokukhula okusheshayo njengoba iyakunqunywa. Zonke izingxenye zalesi sitshalo zinephunga elimnandi.

Umlando

Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-18, ngo-1779, lezi zinhlobo zatholakala eNew Zealand. Ukunambitheka okuhle kunomthelela ekwandeni kwesitshalo, emva kweminyaka emibili imbewu yalesi isipinashi ifika eNgilandi, lapho isakazeka khona kulo lonke elaseYurophu. ENgilandi, isipinashi saseNew Zealand sakhula isikhathi eside ezimweni zokushisa, kuze kube sekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 ukuthi lesi sitshalo sasifanele ukukhula emhlabathini ovulekile.

Lesi sitshalo safika eRussia maphakathi nekhulu lama-20lapho isakazeka ngokushesha kulo lonke ingxenye ephakathi ngenxa yokuvunwa okuphezulu nokukhula okusheshayo.

Ukwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali nezakhiwo ezizuzisa

• Okuqukethwe khalori - 23 Kcal ngamagremu angu-100.
• Ukwenziwa kwamakhemikhali. Amaprotheni - 4 g, amafutha - 0.3 g, ama-carbohydrates - 3 g, i-fiber - 2.5 g, amanzi - 90 g ngamagremu angu-100 omkhiqizo.
• Landela izakhi namavithamini. Retinol - 85 mg, B1 - 6.7 mg, B2 - 14 mg, B5 - 6 mg, B6 - 4 mg, B9 - 5 mg, B12 - 20 mg, calciferol - 60 mg, Tocopherol - 18 mg, Vitamin K - 0.1 mg , Choline - 15 mg, Vitamin PP - 5 mg, calcium - 31 mg, Sodium - 20 mg, Selenium - 2 mg, i-Chlorine - 10 mg, i-Iodine - 75 μg, iManganese - 45mg, I-Copper - 1 mg, i-Selenium - 1.8 mg , I-Iron -15 mcg, i-Zinc - 4.4 mg.

Izakhiwo zeSpanish IsiNew Zealand:

1. Amavithamini weqembu B ehilelekile ekudlulisweni kwemiqondo yezinzwa.
2. I-Retinol ne-carotenoids - ukugcina umsebenzi we-retina nama-optic neva.
3. Secretin - simulisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-enzymes yokugaya ukudla.
4. Iodine - ilawula igciwane le-thyroid, ukukhula kwamathambo kanye ne-cartilage.
5. I-calcium kunomthelela ekwenzeni kahle amazinyo, amathambo nemithambo yegazi.
6. I-Vitamin E unomphumela we-antioxidant.
7. I-Iron iqhaza ekwakheni i-hemoglobin futhi ivimbela ukutholakala kwe-anemia.

Ukungafani

• I-Gastritis nesilonda se-peptic esikhathini sokucindezela.
• I-rheumatism nezinye izifo ezizimele.
• Isifo senhliziyo esine-hypertensive.
• Ukukhushulwa kwesifo sezinso noma isibindi.

Ukusetshenziswa

Isipinashi saseNew Zealand sisetshenziselwa ukulungiselela izifundo zokuqala nezibili, isaladi yemifino, izitshalo zemifino nezenyama, ama-juice, ama-omelette nama-pastries.

Lolu hlobo lusetshenziswe olusha, olubilisiwe, lugobile, luqhwa, lumile. Unomgangatho omuhle wokugcina kanye nokuphila kwelanga elide uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo.

Ingabe ukunambitheka kuhluke ngokujwayelekile?

Njengoba iSipinishi saseNew Zealand iqukethe i-oxalic encane ye-asidi, ithole ukunambitheka okunomsoco, okunomsoco namancane omuncu.

Ukukhula engadini

Ukukhethwa nokulungiswa kwesayithi

Isipinashi inhlabathi kufanele ivuleke kahle futhi igcobe., kunalokho kufutheka, umswakama-omunca futhi ovundile. Inani elincane lobumba noma isanti livunyelwe. Inhlabathi ilungele ukuwa.

Bamba inhlabathi ngamasentimitha angaba ngu-20 kuya kwangu-25, balethe umquba ngokulinganisa ibhakede elilodwa lemitha ngayinye, ugeze nge-superphosphate noma i-lime. Ngentwasahlobo ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, ama-gramu angu-10 e-ammonium nitrate noma e-urea aziswa emhlabathini. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze ukhule kangcono isipinashi futhi uthole zonke izinto ezidingekayo ekuphileni.

Ukulungiselela imbewu nokuhlwanyela

Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, imbewu ithwetshwe emanzini afudumele amahora angu-30-48, iguqula amanzi njalo amahora angu-8. Isikhathi sokufika: phakathi noma ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli.

Isu

Imbewu ihlwanyelwa kude ka 35-40 cm kuya ku-1-2 cm ububanzi. Ukutshala okuvunyelwe kwebhokisi lembewu lonke, kulandelwa ukunciphisa. Ibanga eliphakathi kwembewu liyadingeka ekukhuleni mahhala kweziqu. Phakathi kwemigqa ushiye ibanga elingenani amasentimitha angu-50. Imbewu ikhula kancane ekushiseni kwama-degrees 15-23, kungakapheli amasonto amabili emva kokuhlwanyela.

Isikhathi sokufika endaweni evulekile

Ngokuba izithombo, imbewu ihlwanyelwa ku-8 × 8 amasentimitha amaphesenti. Isikhathi sokufika siphakathi nango-Ephreli. Embizeni eyodwa, faka imbewu emithathu noma ibhokisi lembewu ukujula kwe-2 cm. Emva kokuvela kwezithombo, amahlumela abuthakathaka asuswe. Inhlabathi ebhodweni kufanele igcinwe esimweni esishisayo esifudumele esizosiza ekukhuleni okusheshayo kwamahlumela.

Isikhathi sokufika emhlabathini ovulekile sifana nokuphela kukaMeyi noma ekuqaleni kukaJulayi (lapho zonke ama-frosts adlulile). Izithombo kufanele zibe okungenani amasentimitha angu-10 ukuphakama.

I-Scheme: embhedeni wamamitha-1 ububanzi, izithombo zitshalwe emigqeni emibili ebangeni elingamamitha angu-35-40 kuya ekujuleni okufanayo lapho babekhona emabhokisini.

Ukukhula ekhaya

Lapho ufika ekhaya kukhona izici ezilandelayo:

• Ukufika ekuqaleni kungenzeka, phakathi noma ekupheleni kukaMashi.
• Ukuhlwanyela ukukhetha ukhetho oluseningizimu-ntshonalanga noma eningizimu-ntshonalanga uma ukhanyiswa okungenani amahora angu-9 ngosuku.
• Ukutshala kungenzeka kokubili emabhokisini nasemabhokisini enkuni okuphakama okungenani okungama-10, kepha angaphezu kwamamitha angu-15 (ukufakwa kahle kwempande).
• Inhlabathi igcinwa imanzi. Ngokukhethekile sebenzisa i-primer eyenziwe ngomumo.

Imisebenzi yokunakekela

1. Ukushisa. Ukushisa okukhulu kokukhula kungama-22-25 degrees emini, futhi okungenani ngo-15 ebusuku.
2. Ukunisela nokuswakama. Ukunisela kakhulu, nsuku zonke, kuvunyelwe nsuku zonke emanzini aphansi. Ukukhanya komswakama omuhle - 50-60%. Ukunisela kuyenzeka ekuseni noma ekushoneni kwelanga, ngaphandle kokuwa emagatsheni kanye nezimbali zesitshalo.
3. Ground. Inhlabathi igcinwa ivulekile, idliwe, i-acidic noma ingathathi hlangothi. Inhlabathi kufanele ibe njalo enomanzi, kodwa ngaphandle kwe-crust on the surface.
4. Ukukhanyisa. Usuku lokukhanya kufanele okungenani lihora ama-9 ngosuku, ngokuntuleka kokukhanyisa usebenzisa izibani ze-fluorescent.
5. Ukugqoka okuphezulu. Ukuze isipinashi saseNew Zealand ukhethe umquba we-phosphate, i-nitrogen kanye ne-potassium, umuthi wokhuni, mhlawumbe umanyolo we-nitrophosphate. Izitshalo ziqhutshwa okungenani izikhathi ezimbili - ngesikhathi sokuvela kanye nezimbali ngesilinganiso sama-gramu angu-50 omanyolo ophelile ngomitha wesikwele.
6. Ukuthinta. Uma kuvela amahlumela, ukucwiliswa kwenziwa ngo-10-15 amasentimitha, uma imbewu ihlwanyelwe eduze komunye nomunye. Uma kuvela amaqabunga amaqiniso angama-5, izitshalo zincipha ukuya ku-30-40 amasentimitha.

Ukukhululeka kwenziwa emva kokuchelela okunye.

Ukuvuna

Ukuvuna kwenziwa ngokuphindaphindiwe, okungenani izikhathi ezingu-1 ngesonto kusukela ukubonakala kwamashidi ubude bamamitha angu-4. Okufanelekile ukuqoqa amaqabunga kunwebeka, ube nombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Amaqabunga aqinile ayedala, awadli.

Ukuqoqwa kwamaqabunga kwenziwa ngisho nalapho kungakabhekwa ukusetshenziselwa ukusetshenziswa, ngoba amahlamvu ngokushesha aqina, futhi izihlahla ezingavamile ziyeka ukukhula. Ukuvuna kwenziwa kusukela ekupheleni kukaJuni kuya ku-frosts yokuqala ekwindla.

Kuphi ukuthenga izinto zokutshala nokuthi yini okufanele ubuke lapho uthenga?

Imbewu ingathengwa ezitolo zensimu noma ilayishwe ku-intanethi.x Izithombo zezitshalo zingathengwa kubalimi noma ezitolo zamasimu.

Uma uthenga, qaphela ukubukeka kwembewu - kufanele ihlotshwe, ubukhulu obufanayo, obomvu obukhanyayo ngombala.

Izithombo kufanele zibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, zingenalo umonakalo.Iqukethe uhlelo oluyisisekelo oluyisisekelo se-root branched.

Intengo ye-2 amagremu wezinhlu zembewu kusuka ku-ruble angu-9 kuya kwezingu-18 namaphesenti angu-13.5 ayi-ruble. Ukuze uthole isitshalo esinempilo futhi esinamandla, imbewu ingavuna kusuka esitshalweni sakho. Imbewu enjalo ihluma kangcono, kanti izithombo zazo ziba namandla.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Izinambuzane ezijwayelekile zesipinashi ziyi:

• impande ye-fusarium rot;
• i-anthracnose;
• i-miner fly;
• umdwebo we-viral;
• i-chalcosporosis;
• ukubola kwempunga;
• inhlanzi ye-mealy;
• Medvedka.

Ukuvikela isipinashi ukulandela imithetho yokujikeleza kwezitshalo nokunakekelwa kwezitshalo.

Isipinashi saseNew Zealand - isiko elingenakuqhathaniswa nokubukeka okuhlobisa kanye nesethi enkulu yezinto ezibalulekile eziphilayo ezisebenzayo. Imithetho elula yokulima nokunakekelwa ikuvumela ukuba uthole isivuno esisha njalo semifino, efanelekile ukusetshenziswa nganoma yiluphi uhlobo. Amavithamini nama-microelements we-spinachi yaseNew Zealand ukwandisa ukuzivikela, ukuvimbela ngokuphumelelayo izifo ze-anemia nezifo ze-endocrine.