Izinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo ezindizeni zanamuhla nasezindaweni zasemadolobheni ziyamangalisa ngempela. Abalimi bezitshalo bahlale bebuchwepheshe obuchwepheshe bokucubungula, ukuhlwanyela, kanye nezitshalo ezikhulayo ezithembisa ukwanda komkhiqizo.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izitshalo zokuhlala eziye zaba yizimfanelo ezingenakulinganiswa ematafuleni, ohlwini lwabantu abangabhekwa ngamakhabe, bajabulele ukuthandwa kakhulu. Indlela yokutshala i-melon, uyazi cishe zonke izilimo zasendle, ngenkathi kunezici eziningi, enikezwe ukuthi ungathola isivuno esihle ngempela.
I-Melon, iyini: imifino, iberry noma izithelo?
Ngisho naphakathi kwabalimi abanolwazi nabathandi be-melon, bambalwa bangaphendula ngokunembile umbuzo womndeni wenzani lesi sitshalo okufanele sinikezwe. Uma umuntu ehlola ukunambitheka kwe-melon, khona-ke ingahlukaniswa njengezithelo ngokuzethemba okugcwele, ngoba unomusa omuhle kakhulu othakazelisayo, kanye nephunga elimnandi.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uma sicabanga ngesinye isitshalo se-melon - ikhava, ikhabe ingabhekiswa emndenini wamajikijolo, kodwa lokhu kuyoba iphutha. Ngokwezigaba zezilwane, ikhabe ingokwesigaba sezitshalo zempukane, okuqinisekiswa yi-system ye-melon system, efana ngezindlela eziningi ezifana nabanye abameleli balezi zinhlobo. Ngakho-ke ikhabe - imifino.
I-Melon ikhulile iminyaka eminingi, ngenxa yalokho ulwazi olulahlekile kakade, kusukela lapho luvele khona. Njengoba kucabanga ukuthi kunezinto eziningi ezifanayo nezitshalo zemifino, amajikijolo, ngisho nezithelo, ochwepheshe bayibhekisela esimweni sezitshalo zamanga noma zamathambo.
Uyazi? Kukhona inkolelo yokuthi ikhabe ingenye yezithelo ezilethwa izingelosi ezinkulu emhlabathini. Cishe zonke izinhlobo ze-melon zibhekwa njengezijabulisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikhabe inezindawo zokulwa nokuguga. Emazweni amaningana, kufaka phakathi eseduze kwamanye amazwe (Turkmenistan, Abkhazia, Tajikistan nabanye), ikhabe ngesimo esisodwa noma enye isetshenziselwa imithi yabantu ukuze kuthuthukiswe izifo kanye nokuphatha izifo.
Ukutshala amakhabe emhlabathini ovulekile
Izindlela ezijwayele kakhulu nezindlela eziningi zokutshala ikhaloni ukuhlwanyela imbewu emhlabathini ovulekile. Ukuze le nqubo iphumelele, ukuqaliswa kwayo kufanele kucabangele izici ezimbalwa eziyinhloko ezizoqinisekisa ukuthuthukiswa okujwayelekile kwesitshalo, kanye nokuvunwa okuphezulu.
Uyazi? Ezikhathini zasendulo, amakhabe namakhabe ayevame ukutshala ezimweni zokushisa, ukuhlinzeka kahle. Lo mkhuba wavumela ukuthola izitshalo ezinkulu kuzo zonke izindawo zezwe, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isimo sezulu sini. Kuze kube manje, ukufika emhlabathini ovaliwe cishe akukwenziwa.Kufanele ukhumbule lokho ikhabe - Lesi yisitshalo esithandayo ilanga futhi siphendula kabi ngomswakama obuningi, ngakho-ke lapho ukhetha indawo, ukhetho kufanele lunikezwe ezindaweni eziphezulu, lapho amanzi angeke athole khona, kanye nokuvula izindawo lapho kushisa khona futhi kukhanya khona ilanga lonke.
Lapho kungcono ukutshala ikhabe endaweni
Uma sicabanga ngezidingo zalesi sitshalo, umhlabathi ensimini onomthunzi omningi awuyona inketho. Ukusetshenziswa kwesakhiwo somhlaba esibanikezwe ilanga usuku lonke kuyoba ngcono.
Njengalolu hlobo ungasebenzisa izwe, elikude nemithombo yomswakama. Isibonelo, isakhiwo somhlaba esiphezulu se-cottage ehlobo noma ingadi ingasetshenziswa.
Kubalulekile! Esikhathini sokukhula, ikhaloni ikhiqiza umvini, lapho izithelo zivela khona. Njengoba kunikezwe lokhu, kubalulekile ukuthi indawo yokutshala ikhaloni inokulingana okwanele. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuba ihlakulele ngokugcwele futhi ivimbele imivini yokungena eminye imibhede, engathandeki kakhulu, ngoba umvini awukwazi ukulimaza kuphela kodwa futhi ubhubhise nezinye izitshalo.
Emva kwalokho yiziphi izitshalo kungcono ukutshala ikhabe
Uma ubuza ukuthi yini ikhalenda ekhula ngayo, akufanele ukhohlwe ukuthi ukushintshaniswa kwezitshalo kungumthetho obaluleke kakhulu osiza ukufezekisa izinkomba eziphezulu zekhwalithi kanye nokukhiqizwa kwesitshalo esinjengamanzi.
Yingakho lapho ukhetha inhlabathi yokutshala kumele ukhokhele amasiko adlule. Inani elikhulu kakhulu lezakhi zomzimba ezibalulekile ezivela enhlabathini lizotholakala ngamakhabe uma itshalwe endaweni lapho u-anyanisi, i-turnips, iklabishi, isithombo sebhitrudi, isithombo, ubhontshisi, kanye nezinhlayiya ze-herbaceous zikhule.
Izitshalo ezomakhelwane akufanele zibe ukhukhamba namathanga. Okukhethwa kukho okungcono kakhulu kumakhelwane we-melon engadini kummbila kanye nemifino ehlukahlukene, ngaphandle kwe-parsley. Umakhelwane onjalo akulimazi kuphela, kodwa futhi unikeza izimo ezijwayelekile zokuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo.
Indlela yokulungisa umhlabathi wokutshala
Ngaphambi kokutshala ikhabe ezweni, ingadi noma ingadi, kufanele uqale ulungise inhlabathi yokutshala. Ukwenza lokhu, khetha isayithi endaweni evulekile, kodwa uvikelekile emoyeni. Esikhathini sekwindla, le ndawo iyabanjwa, emva kwalokho i-humus ifakwa kuyo ngokubalwa kuka-3-4 kg ngehora elilodwa lesikwele.
Ezimweni lapho umhlaba uhlambulukile, ongafanelanga ukutshala amakhabe, isihlabathi somfula kufanele senezwe kuso, ngokubala kwe-0.5 amabhakede esesihlabathi ngomitha wendawo ngayinye. Ekupheleni kwezinqubo ezingenhla, umhlabathi uhlala ubusika.
Ngentwasahlobo, inhlabathi ehlwanyelwe futhi ehlwanyelwe kufanele ibuye iphinde iphinde ifakwe ama-phosphates ne-potassium. Ukulinganiswa komanyolo kungafundwa kwiphakheji, njengoba inani eliphakanyisiwe lesicelo lingashintsha kuye komkhiqizi.
Masinyane ngaphambi kokutshala, umanyolo we-nitrogen noma umquba obolile kufanele futhi usetshenziswe emhlabathini. Ama-melon akhula kulezi ziqephu ezilungiselelwe ngale ndlela izoholela ekuvuneni okuhle.
Indlela yokulungisa imbewu ye-melon yokuhlwanyela
Esinye isimo sokuthola isivuno esihle sama-melon ukulungiselela kahle imbewu yokuhlwanyela. Imbewu ingathengwa esitolo esikhethekile noma iqoqwe ngokuzimela ezithelweni ezitshalwe esakhiweni sayo. Ukuzikhethela kufanele kumiswe kumakhophi amakhulu.
Ngaphambi kokutshala i-melon ngembewu, kufanele ilandelwe izixazululo ezikhethekile ezithengiswa ezitolo, noma ngesisombululo se-zinc sulphate ne-boric acid, okuzohlinzeka ngokuvikelwa ezifweni ezihlukahlukene ukuthi imbewu yezitshalo ezinjalo zijwayele. Kunconywa ukuba ugcwale imbewu ye-melon ngaphambi kokutshala amahora angu-12.
Kubalulekile! Uhla lwezintambo zezitolo ezikhethekile lunezinhlobo eziningi zokwelashwa kwembewu ngaphambi kokutshala. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi esikhathini esizayo izithelo ze-melon zizodliwa, ngenxa yokuthi kunconywa kakhulu ukuba zithande lezo zinsombululo ezingenalo izinto eziyingozi kubantu, noma ukuhlushwa kwazo akuncane.
Indlela yokutshala imbewu ye-melon
Ngemuva kokucubungula, ungaqala imbewu yokutshala. Kuye ngezintandokazi kanye namathuba okuhlwanyela imbewu angenziwa nakabili emhlabathini ovulekile nasezimbizeni zezithombo ezikhulayo. Ngezinhloso ezinjalo, ukusetshenziswa kwezimbiza ze-peat ezinamamitha ayisentimitha angu-10 kuyafaneleka kakhulu.
I-Peat nesihlabathi ingasetshenziswa njengenhlanganisela yenhlabathi, ehlangene ne-wood ash. Imbewu yokutshala kulezimbiza kufanele iqhutshwe ekujuleni okungaphezu kuka-5 cm, futhi izinga lokushisa eliphansi kufanele libe ngama-degree angama-20.
Isimo esiyinhloko sokutshala okufanelekile kwezithombo zomqube emhlabathini ukuphatha ngokucophelela uhlelo lwempande. Into engcono kakhulu ukutshala ikhabe emgodini kanye nenhlabathi lapho izithombo zikhule khona.
Ngaphambilini, inani elincane le-humus namanzi kufanele lengezwe emithonjeni. Emva kokutshala, izithombo kufanele zithathelwe kakhulu, futhi zifafazwe ngenhlabathi eyomile.
Uma ama-melon etshalwe, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi isitshalo kufanele sigcinwe emthunzini ngezinsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala emva kokutshala, ngoba kuleso simo ukuthi kuyamukelwa kangcono.
Ngokungafani okukhulu kokushisa emini nasebusuku, lesi sitshalo sidinga ukuvikeleka okungeziwe, ngakho ebusuku singafakwa ngefilimu. Ifilimu efanayo ingasetshenziselwa ukumboza izitshalo emvula, ngaleyo ndlela igweme ingress excess of umswakama engadingeki enhlabathini.
Ukunakekelwa okuphelele kwamakhandlela kusayithi
Ukunakekelwa ngokugcwele kwamakhandlela kuhlanganisa izinqubo ezimbalwa ezidingekayo ezizoqinisekisa ukuvunwa okuphezulu, kanye nokuphikiswa kwezifo.
I-melon kumele ikhululwe njalo ukuze inikeze uhlelo lwempande nge-oxygen, i-feed, amanzi, futhi isuse njalo ukhula olungavimbela ukuthuthukiswa okuvamile kwesitshalo. Le nqubo ilula futhi icacile ngisho nasendlini yesimanje.
Kubalulekile futhi ukuvikela ama-melon ezinyoni, njengoba zivame ukuhlasela amahlumela futhi ziwabhubhise. Kunconywa ukuba ufake uhlelo lokuqhafaza kusayithi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuguqula isithelo se-melon ngesineke, futhi ukuvimbela isithelo ekuxhumaneni nomhlabathi kunconywa ukubeka ipuleti ukuze ugweme izifo eziningi futhi ulondoloze isivuno.
Yikuphi ukuchelela okuthanda i-melon
I-melon ephuzi ivela emvelaphi yaseMpumalanga, ngakho isitshalo asibekezelele umswakama owedlulele. Phakathi nesikhathi esomile, kubalulekile ukuphuza lesi sitshalo kabili ngesonto. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amanzi okuchelela kumele afudumele, futhi ukuchelela ngokwayo kufanele kwenziwe ngokuqondile ngaphansi kwempande.
Ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi abandayo, kanye nokuxhumana kwawo namaqabunga e-melon, kungaholela ezifweni ezihlukahlukene, ukunciphisa noma ukulahlekelwa ngokuphelele kwesitshalo. Ezimweni lapho inani lemvula elide lidlula kakhulu umthamo womswakama womhlabathi, kufanele kuhlanganiswe njengoba lesi sitshalo sibhekene nobuhlungu ekukhuphukeni komswakama. 
Kubalulekile! Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho nabalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho batusa ukudala i-shed shed ngosizo lwegridi yokulwa nemvula lapho kutshalwa ikhabe - kuyovimbela inhlabathi ukuba ingaphezu kwe-humidity, kodwa iyovumela ukuba uthole ukukhanya kwelanga okwanele. Ukunisela emmpandeni, kuhle futhi kuhleleke ngokusiza uhlelo lokudonsa (i-tube eholela ngqo ohlelweni lwempande) - ukuchelela okunjalo kuphumelela kakhulu futhi kuphephile.
Indlela nokuthi yini okufanele ukondle ama-melon
Kunconywa ukuthi ukondle ama-melon nawo wonke ama-fertilizer nama-organic fertilizer. Phakathi kwama-fertilizer amaminerali, okubaluleke kakhulu kulezi zitshalo i-calcium ne-potassium. Kunconywa ukuba wenze umquba wamaminerali emva kwemvula noma ukuchelela ngokukhishwa okulandelayo komhlabathi.
Uma kunesisindo esanele se-potassium emhlabathini, izinqubo zokwakheka kanye nezimbali zezimbali zabesifazane zivulwe kakhulu, ngakho-ke isivuno sanda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le mineral isisiza ukwandisa ukutshala kwezimila ezifweni, futhi kusiza inqubo yokuvuthwa. Phakathi nesikhathi sokwakhiwa kwe-fetus, isidingo sesitshalo se-potassium sanda.
Amakhomikhali e-organic aqukethe i-nitrogen, i-potassium, i-phosphorus, kanye namavithamini kanye nezici zokulandelela iyisici esibalulekile sempilo yesitshalo. Ukuhluka okunamandla kakhulu komanyolo owenziwe ngamakhabe - humus, okubandakanya izinsalela zezitshalo nezilwane.
Kungasetshenziswa futhi umquba obolile. Ama-fertilizer e-organic kufanele asetshenziswe ngendlela yezixazululo ezigxilwe ku-1 kuya ku-5, elandelwa ukuchelela okuningi, okuzogwema ukuqoqwa kwe-nitrate eyingozi.
Iyini ukusetshenziswa kokuchofoza
Ukuze ulungise kahle isihlahla, faka isicelo ukuncibilikisa ikhabeukuthi, phakathi kwezinye izinto, kunomphumela omuhle ngesilinganiso sokuvuthwa kwe-fetus. Esikhathini sokuqothulwa okuyinhloko, ukuququza kwenziwa ngemuva kweqabunga lesihlanu, kuyilapho okwengeziwe, emva kwamashidi amathathu ngemuva kwe-ovary.
Le nqubo ikuvumela ukuba ulondoloze izakhi ngaphakathi kwesitshalo bese ubathumela ekwakheni isithelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusiza ukuvimbela izifo eziningi ezingakhula ezitshalweni ezibuthakathaka.
Imigomo yokuvuthwa nokuvuna
Isikhathi sokuvuthwa se-melon sincike esifundeni lapho sikhule khona. Izimo zezulu zithinta kakhulu indlela ikhaloni ekhula ngayo futhi ivuthwe. Ezindaweni ezifudumele zezulu, lezi zinqubo zenzeka ngokushesha, kanti lapho zihlala khona, zihamba kancane.
Isici esibalulekile nhlobo uhlobo lwe-melon, okubandakanya isikhathi sokuthuthukiswa kwesitshalo, ukwakheka kwesithelo nokuvuthwa kwayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunambitheka kwamakhabe kuncike kulezi zimo.
Kuye ngezinhlobonhlobo, i-melon ingaba ophuzi, i-orange elula, futhi i-orange emnyama noma imhlophe. Ukuma nobukhulu besithelo kuxhomeke ezinhlobonhlobo.
Uyazi? Ezweni kukhona i-melon ehlukahlukene Yubari King, okubhekwa ngokomthetho njengebiza kakhulu. Iyalinywa kuphela esifundazweni saseJapane esincane. Ehlukaniswa ukunambitheka okunamanzi kunamapulp wethenda, kuvela phakathi kwezindleko ezingakaze zenziwe ngaphambili - kufika ku-$ 20,000 kilogram. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ungayithenga kuphela ezindalini ezikhethekile.
Inqubo yokutshala amakhabe ensimini yabo, ingadi noma i-cottage ilula, ifinyeleleka futhi iyaqondakala. Ukugcinwa kwemithetho esemqoka yokulungiselela inhlabathi, ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo, okubandakanya ukuchelela kanye nokufaka umquba, kuzohlinzeka isivuno esihle kakhulu samakhabe enomsoco, amavithamini acebile.
