I-Basil isitshalo esivamile nesithandekayo esikhuliswe abaningi emaqeshini asehlobo nasezindaweni zasemakhaya nasekhaya. Kodwa-ke, ukunambitheka okumnandi kwe-basil akuthandi kuphela kubantu, kodwa nakuzo zonke izinambuzane ezinambuzane. Ukujwayela ukutshala nezifo.
Kulesi sihloko, sizobheka izifo ezivame kakhulu ezingase zenzeke ku-Basil, zikutshele indlela yokuzilawula, futhi ikutshele ukuthi kungani amaqabunga ephuzi, e-curl futhi eyomile, nokuthi yini okufanele yenze kulokhu.
Izifo ezivamile zezitshalo
Phakathi kwezifo zesitshalo kaningi kukhona ukuphuziza, ukuphazamisa nokwehla kwamaqabunga, izifo zefungal efana ne-fusarium, umlenze omnyama, i-gray gray. Ake sicabangele ngokuningiliziwe ngempilo ngayinye.
- Amaqabunga aphuzi. Amahlamvu ngabanye avela umbala okhanyayo ogcwele obala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ngeke ukwazi ukuphawula. Amaqabunga angahle aphuzi ngenxa yombili kokunciphisa inhlabathi nokuvotela umthamo webhodlela. Isixazululo: ukondla inhlabathi, futhi ukufakelwa kangcono komunye ummbila.
- Iphepheni leshidi eliphikisayo. Amaqabunga ahlosiwe ngaphakathi, ngaphandle kokushintsha umbala. Amaqabunga angahle aguqulwe ngenxa yemvelo yezinhlobonhlobo. Amaqabunga avame ukuvuthwa avela phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu. Kanti futhi amaqabunga aphikisiwe angenzeka uma inhlabathi iba manzi kakhulu. Ukushintsha isimo kudinga ukunciphisa imvamisa yokunisela.
- Ukuwa kweLeaf. Kulula ukubona ukuthi kukhona ukusabalalisa kwamaqabunga omisiwe eduze kwembali. Amaqabunga asomile futhi aweke kakhulu ngenxa yokuntuleka komswakama. Isixazululo sisobala: amanzi kaningi.
- Izifo ze-fungal:
- Umlenze omnyama. Ithinta isitshalo sesitshalo esiseduze ne-rhizome. Kulula ukuphawula, njengoba indawo ekhethiwe imnyama futhi kamuva iba yithambile, iwa. I-agent causative yomlenze omnyama yi-fungus ekhona kunoma iyiphi inhlabathi. Umlenze omnyama uvela lapho i-acidity yenhlabathi ikhula futhi iyanisela. Khipha ngokushesha isitshalo esithintekile. Beka amanzi phezu kwesisombululo se-raspberry esiphezulu se-potassium permanganate. Ezimweni eziphambili, ngokunqotshwa kweqembu lezitshalo, i-Topaz noma i-Fitosporin ingasetshenziswa.
- I-Fusarium Ithinta amaqabunga, kunezinkomba eziningi, ngezinye izikhathi zimnyama. AmaSpredishithi angabuye aphendulele amnyama, i-curl. I-agent causative yi-Fuzaria fungus. Kancane kancane, lesi sifo sibangela ukuba isiqu sibe mnyama, futhi sonke isitshalo siphenduka, sibonakala somile. I-Fusarium yenzeka ngenxa yenhlanganisela yokushisa okuphezulu kwemoya nomswakama ophezulu. Ngesibonakaliso sokuqala se-anyanisi ukumnika ukumelana kahle nesifo. U-Husk wathululela amanzi abilayo ngesilinganiso esingu-1 kuya ku-4 futhi wagcizelela usuku. Sula izitshalo ezithintekile ngesisombululo.
- Grey ukubola. Kubonakala ku-Botrytis cinerea ukhunta futhi kuqala ukuthelela amaqabunga aphansi, esakazeka kulo lonke isitshalo. Iqala ngokubonakala kwamabala amaqabunga emaqabunga, bese iphetha ngokubunjwa kwamanqamu aphuzi obuhlaza, okuyinto enzima ukungayiboni.
Ukubola okuningi kuvela ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo kanye nokugcina izithombo ngenxa yokutholakala kwe-condensate, izinsalela zezitshalo, nomswakama wokuhlala lapho i-fungus i-agent e causative.
Kubalulekile. Okokuqala, kudingekile ukuba ulwe nokubola okungavimbayo: ungahlwanyeli phansi endaweni efanayo, uhlele imbewu ngaphambi kokutshala nge-potassium permanganate encane, ukuvimbela ukuqhuma emasimini, amanzi ngokulinganisela.
Izinambuzane nokulawula kwazo
Aphid
Umthengi ovame kakhulu we-basil, ngaphandle komuntu, yi-aphid evamile. Qonda ukuthi isitshalo siyinkinga enjalo iyosiza ukubonakala kwe-basil. Isitshalo esithintekayo sishiya sihlungwe, isiqu asikhuli. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba i-aphid incela ama-basil juices. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, i-aphid ishiya ngemuva kokukhipha ishukela, okuyinto enhle kakhulu ekukhuleni kwefungus.
Ama-aphid awabekezelelani isifo somhlonyane, i-pepper ebabayo, anyanisi, i-dandelion, i-yarrow, i-garlic, utamatisi namazambane amazambane, kanye nesinaphi. Isetshenziswe cishe izikhathi ezintathu nge-interval of days 7-12.
Inkambu yezinsimu
Insimu yegciwane, njenge-aphid, ithanda ukudla ijusi le-basil. Ingatholakala futhi ngokubukeka: amaqabunga aphelile, amabala amhlophe avela phezulu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amabala amnyama. Izindlela zokubhekana nale nambuzane zifana nezindlela zokuqeda ama-aphid.
Slugs
Ama-slugs adlala ukudla amahlumela amancane ase-basil. Angabonwa ngeso elize. Lezi zilwane ezihamba kancane ezibukeka njengezimbongolo ezincane ngaphandle kwegobolondo. I-slugs ayibekezeli ikhofi yokulala. Ungawusakaza ekuthumeni. Izindlela eziphumelelayo zokulwa ne-lime egobile. I-lime isenza kabi ngama-slugs, kuyindlela engavamile kakhulu. Okokuqala, ungqimba ophezulu wesikhumba uphuma, futhi ngosuku lwesibili bafa. Futhi ama-slugs anezitha zemvelo: izinhlayiya kanye nama-hedgehogs.
Izibungu zasebusika zishaya
Izibungu zokubhakabhaka zasebusika zivela eduze kwezimila ezihlukahlukene zezimbali. Ama-butterflies awela kubo, futhi izibungu azikhohlwa ukudla imifino emisha. Ungakwazi ukukhulula inhlabathi ukuze uchithe ngendlela efanele ukubekwa kwamacimbi. Ukufafaza ukukhulelwa komhlonyane kungasebenza.
Khrushchi
I-Hruschi ivame ukubuyisa izimpande zezitshalo. Bahlala emhlabathini ngamasentimitha angama-15 futhi badle izimpande cishe konke okukhulayo.
Kubalulekile! I-Khrushchi yizimpungushe ze-beetle yamaMeyi, kodwa ngokuvamile zidideka ngamabhodlela-izibungu ze-beetle ye-bronze. Eyesibini ibhalwe ohlwini lwe-Red Book futhi ilethela kuphela izitshalo ezitshalweni, ngoba zenza umhlaba ube yi-humus.
Indlela ephumelela kunazo zonke yokuchoboza imfuyo ngokujulile komhlaba kanye nokubhujiswa kwemishini.
Kubonakala sengathi i-Khrushchi:
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela
Yebo Akunakwenzeka ukuvikela ingadi ezifweni nezinambuzane, kodwa ungazama ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa:
- Kanye ngesonto, phatha inhlabathi ngomlotha wezihlahla ezinqabile.
- Khipha inhlabathi.
- Njalo ngonyaka, ngaphambi kokutshala, faka phansi emhlabathini.
- Nikeza oksijini ukufinyelela kwezitshalo.
- Ukunisela okulinganiselwe.
- Susa izitshalo ezigulayo ngokushesha.
Kulesi sihloko sazama ukuqoqa izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu neziwusizo mayelana nezifo nezinambuzane ze-basil, kanye nezindlela zokuvimbela nokwelashwa. Sithemba ukuthi umfundi uthola ulwazi oludingekayo kanye nesisekelo sakhe sizokhula enempilo futhi esihlwabusayo!
