Imifino eyintandokazi evela embhedeni we-dacha: izinhlobo nezinhlobo ze-beet ezikhulayo

I-Beetroot ingokomndeni wase-Amaranth (owayengowomndeni waseMariev). Ezingxenyeni zaseNingizimu Russian kukhona igama elithi "Buriak".

Izinhlobo: izimpande namaqabunga amaqabunga. Izitshalo zomsuka zinomumo ohlangene, ohlangene noma ojikelezayo nenyama enomvu obomvu.

Umbhalo uchaza indlela yokulungisa imbewu ekhaya nokuthi ungakhula kanjani izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinyosi, futhi lapho kuhamba phambili, kuhlanganise nokuhlukahluka okune-sweet Sugar.

Izici zokulima

Imbewu yesithombo sebhitrudi isithelo sembewu esinezimbewu ezimbili noma ezintathu, ngasinye siveza ihlumela. Ukuze ukwandise izinga lokuhluma uma ukhula isitshalo, kunconywa ukuthi ugcwale imbewu izinsuku ezingu-2-3 ekhaya: uthele emgodini ngamanzi amancane (uketshezi kufanele uhlanganise kancane imbewu), bese ubeka amanzi njalo amahora angu-4-6. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwandisa umsebenzi wokuhluma, ungagcwalisa imbewu yamahora angu-12-18 kwisisombululo se-boric acid (ngesilinganiso esingu-0.2 g ngalinye ilitha 1 amanzi).

Uma uhlwanyela ngqo emhlabathini ngokushesha, kuyadingeka ukuba uhlume izithombo, uma kungenjalo ukuqina kuyobangela ukuba izitshalo zibe buthakathaka. Ngendlela yokutshala, ukunciphisa akudingeki; ngaphezu kwalokho, le ndlela inomthelela ekulondolozeni imbewu kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwenzalo okusheshayo. Beet ukushisa-uthando, ngokuba imbewu ukuhluma kudinga lokushisa hhayi ngaphansi kuka 8 ° C.

Imbewu yatshala nini futhi kuphi?

I-Beetroot iyisiko le-thermophilic kakhulu phakathi kwezitshalo zezimpande, izithombo zalo zonakaliswe ekushiseni okungaphansi kwe-2-3 ° C.

Ukuhlwanyela kwenziwa cishe amasonto amabili emva kwesanqante. Ama-beet athande ukukhula emaphethelweni omgwaqo, yingakho ihlangana kahle esikhaleni esifanayo ne kohlrabi, isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi kanye nekholifulawa. Ukukhetha izindawo ezibheke kahle, esikhathini sokuqala sokukhula (ngaphambi kokuhlanganisa izimpande) kudinga umswakama. Ngokulula kulula ukubekezelela ukufakelwa.

Ungakhetha kanjani ibanga elilungile?

Njengamanje, kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinyosi ze-beet, ezibonakala ngokuvuthwa kokuqala nokuphikiswa kwezifo.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-beet zinezici zayo:

Isithombo sebhitrudi se-Sugar:

• I-Clarina;
• Nancy;
• Boheme;
• Bona;
• I-Sphinx;
• I-Mandarin.

Isithombo sebhitrudi sefolda:

• Lada;
• I-Milan;
• Ithemba;
• Amabha;
• Qopha;
• Vermon, njll.

Izinyosi ze-Leaf:

• Ubuhle;
• I-Scarlet;
• Okubomvu;
• Okuhlaza;
• I-Belavinka;
• Isiliva esimhlophe;
• I-White Silver 2;
• I-White Silver 3;
• Lucullus, njll.

Ngokuyinhloko, emasimini abhula beet.

Nguyiphi ibanga okungcono?

Izincomo zokukhula e-cottage

1. Umhlaba

   Ngempendulo yokungathathi hlangothi. Akukhuthazwa ukwenza umquba omusha, njengoba impande ingaqala ukubola. Ukuze uthole izinhlobo zokuvuna zakuqala, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa inhlabathi evundile kahle. Ngezinhlobo zakamuva kungenzeka ukusebenzisa inhlabathi enzima kakhulu.

2. Izinyosi zakuqala.

   Zinezinhlobo ezingu-2-3 ezilinganayo ngamunye, ibanga eliphakathi kwemigodi elandelana ngu-10 cm, ukuhlukaniswa phakathi kwemigqa ku-15-20 cm. Ekupheleni kukaFebruwari - ekuqaleni kukaMashi, ukuhlwanyela kwenziwa endaweni yokushisa, futhi kusukela ekupheleni kukaMashi kuya ku-Ephreli - emhlabathini ovulekile (ngokusho kwesimiso esifanayo).

3. Izinhlobo ze-Mid-season.

   NgoMeyi noma ngoJuni, ukutshala insimu evulekile kwenziwa. Hlwanyela imbewu emibili noma emithathu (imbewu eyodwa). Ibanga eliphakathi kwezisekelo - 10-15 cm, umugqa ohlukanisa u-30 cm.

4. Ukulima umkhumbi wamanzi.

   Ukuphela kukaJuni noma ekuqaleni kukaJulayi. Ibanga eliphakathi kwezisekelo liyi-7-8 cm, phakathi kwemigqa - 30 cm.

5. Ukukhula kwezithombo ze-beet.

   Izinzuzo - ukuthola imifino yokuqala empande ngezinsuku ezingama-20 ngaphambili. Ukutshala ama-beet kufanele uqale ngaphambi kuka-Ephreli, kanti phakathi no-May, usuvele utshale amahlumela emhlabathini ovulekile. Ngalendlela yokutshala, ngokungafani nokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile, ukuncipha akudingeki. Uma uguqulwa emhlabathini ovulekile, impande ephakathi ifinyelelwe kuyingxenye yesithathu yobude.

   Ukusheshisa ukhula lwenkohlakalo, izithombo zivikela kusukela elangeni ngezinto ezingahlosiwe futhi ziphuza ngekhambi lokuxuba. Lapho izithombo zinamandla, indawo yokukhosela isusiwe, izitshalo zincipha, bese indawo yokutshala ihlanganiswa ukuze igcine umswakama wenhlabathi futhi ivikeleke nokhula.

Izimfihlo zokuvuna okuhle

Indlela yokutshala ama-beet ensimini evulekile?

• Izithombo akufanele zitshalwe kabusha, ngoba izitshalo ezincane zihluma kangcono.
• Indlela yokutshala i-beet fodder ibaluleke kakhulu, njengoba ikhulisa umkhiqizo wayo.
• I-beetroots idinga izakhi zokulandelela, ikakhulukazi i-boron.
• Ukugqoka okuphezulu kungcono ukukhetha umuthi womlotha kanye nomanyolo we-potash.
• Weeding kwenziwa ngokushesha emva ukuvela izithombo of beet.

Ukunakekelwa kwesinyathelo

Ukunisela

Okubaluleke ngokukhethekile ukuchelela njalo kwezinyosi e-hot, esomile. Cishe amalitha ayi-10 ngehora elilodwa kumele alondolozwe ngesonto. Amanzi angaphezu kwalokho ayifuni, ngoba angabangela ukukhula kweqabunga.futhi hhayi izimpande. Uma isayithi lingenayo i-mulch, ngosuku olulandelayo emva kokuphuza kufanele litshalwe 4 cm. Umhlaba ojikeleze izitshalo ukhululiwe nge-hoe, ngaphandle kokuthinta izitshalo ngokwazo. Ukwandisa ushukela wezinyosi ngaphambi kokuphuza ibhakede lamanzi kuyadingeka ukuba uqothule isipuni sewoti lithebula. Ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokugcina izitshalo ezitshalweni, ukuchelela kumiswe amasonto amabili ngaphambi kokuvuna.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Ama-beet kudingeka adliwe njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili enesisombululo se-potash umanyolo (izipuni ezingaba ngu-3. Umanyolo ngamunye ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi), uthele okungenani izibuko ezimbili ngaphansi kwesitshalo ngasinye. Lapho ukukhula kweqabunga kunciphisa, ukukhipha okukodwa kunikelwa ukukhipha ukhula. Ungaphinde ukondle i-beet infusions ye-mullein: ibhakede elilodwa le-mullein nengxenye ibhakede lomlotha ngamabhakede ayishumi amanzi.

Ubuchwepheshe bokulima

Inzuzo yezinyosi ezikhulayo ngaphezu kwamanye amaveji yindlela yokusebenzisa imishini yemishini.

1. Imbewu. Kunezimbewu ezizenzekelayo nezomqulu. Isetshenziselwa ngokuzenzakalelayo ama-beet akhulayo ezindaweni eziphezulu, ibhukwana - lokukhula engadini yabo. Izimboni ezizenzekelayo zihlukaniswe zibe yinkimbinkimbi (enejubane elikhulu lokusebenza lika-6 km / h) kanye ne-pneumatic (7-8 km / h). I-seeder yencwadi yenzelwe ukuhlwanyela komugqa owodwa, ngosizo lwayo kungenzeka ukuhlwanyela isakhiwo sezwe samahektare ayi-10 ngehora. Ngenxa yokuhlwanyela okunembile, ukugcinwa kwembewu kungenzeka, kanye nokusabalalisa okunembile kokutshala impahla.
2. Ukunciphisa.
3. Abalimi abavuthiwe. Idizayinelwe ukuhlunga, ukufaka umanyolo kanye nokukhuphuka.
4. Abavuni bezinyosi. Yenzelwe ukuvuna ushukela kanye ne-beet fodder. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili: uhlobo lokubamba (izimpande zikhishwa emhlabathini ngenqubo yokubamba, futhi iziqongo zinqunywe kakade emshinini) kanye nokusika kokuqala kweziqongweni.
5. Abavuni bezivuno
6. Beetroot loaders. Kukhona okumile futhi okuhambayo. Yenza ukhetho lwezitshalo, ukuhlanza okuyingxenye yomhlabathi, kanye nokulayisha.

Amaphutha wobunjiniyela bezolimo

Cabanga ngokunye ukuthi kungani lesi sitshalo singahlali kahle emasimini nokuthi kufanele senzeni ukuze uthole isivuno semifino enempilo enhle.

• Kubalulekile ukuqapha isimo sezulu: uma izitshalo ze-beet ziwela ngaphansi kokunciphisa izinga lokushisa, khona-ke zingangena ku-tsvetushnost ngaphandle kwe-ovary yempande.
• Akukhuthazwa ukutshala ama-beet emhlabathini omuncu namanzi.
• Uma izindandatho ezimhlophe zibonakala engxenyeni yezimpande, kusho ukuthi ama-beet agcwele ama-nitrogen fertilizer. Le beet ayikhuthazwa ukudla.

Ukuqoqwa nokugcinwa kwemifino yezimpande

Ngokuhlwanyela kokuqala, ungazama ukuvuna ekuqaleni kukaJulayi., kodwa ingxenye enkulu yezitshalo izovuthwa kuphela ngo-Agasti. Lapho ukuhlwanyela i-beet ekupheleni kwesikhathi kuvunwa engxenyeni yesibili ka-Septhemba noma ngo-Okthoba. Ukuze kugcinwe, izitshalo zezimpande zifakwe emabhokisini eduze komunye nomunye, zifafaze nge-sawdust. Kubalulekile ukugcina izinyosi ekamelweni elivikelwe kusuka efrijini.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Ukuvimbela izinkinga ezihlukahlukene

1. Uma ukhula i-chard (leaf beet), kufanele ususe njalo amaqabunga enqenqemeni, angasetshenziswa ngokushesha njengokudla. Uma kungenjalo, lesi sitshalo sizoqhakaza.
2. Amaqabunga ama-beet abomvu - inkomba yenhlabathi enamandla kakhulu noma ukuntuleka kwe-sodium. Ukuze ususe le nkinga, kubalulekile ukuba ufafaze umhlabathi ngomlotha, bese uthele izitshalo ngokuqondile emaqabunga ngamanzi anosawoti (1 inkomishi kasawoti ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi). Sebenzisa 1 l. isisombululo kumamitha angu-1 okufika.

I-Beetroot ingenye yemifino ewusizo kakhulu: inamavithamini amaningi kanye nama-microelements, ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwayo e-antioxidant, isetshenziselwa ukuvimbela umdlavuza, ngaphezu kwalokho, isithombo sebhitrudi sinesisindo esinezinsimbi, okwenza kube usizo olubalulekile ekwelapheni i-anemia (yini enhle imifino yezimpande?) Okwamanje kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zezinyosi zezinyosi, isetshenziselwa ukudla, ukuphakela kwezilwane, ekukhiqizeni ushukela, okwenza kube omunye wemikhiqizo ebaluleke kakhulu ekuphileni kwethu.