Khulisa isitshalo esinempilo yezaqathe - umgomo wawo wonke umlimi. Kodwa-ke, ukuthola imifino emihle yempande kungenzeka kuphela uma ulandela imithetho eminingi yokunakekela izitshalo. Mayelana nale neminye imithetho eminingi yokunakekelwa nokulima, sizoxoxa ngalesi sihloko.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uzofunda ngazo zonke izigaba zokulima kwalesi semifino esiphundu futhi enempilo. Sina izimfihlo eziwusizo kakhulu zokulima kanye nabafundi bethu.
Imisebenzi esemqoka emva kokuhlwanyela nokutshala imifino
Ukuze wenze lokhu, kumele wenze izenzo eziningana:
- Ukungena ngemvume. Iphuthumisa inqubo yokuvuvukala nokuhluma kwembewu ngokwandisa ukuxhumana kokutshala izinto nomhlabathi kanye nomswakama. Yenziwa masinyane emva kokuhlwanyela ukutshala impahla emhlabathini.
- Umhlaba ukhulula. Ikuvumela ukuba ugweme ukwakheka kwe-groundy crust, okunciphisa ukufinyelela kwe-oxygen esitshalweni. Ngaphambi kokuvela kwamahlumela okwakhiqiza ukukhanya kukhishwa. Lapho amahlumela okuqala, ukukhululeka kwenziwa kakade ekujuleni kwe-4-6 cm, bese -10-12 cm
- Weeding. Usongo ekuthuthukiseni okugcwele kokudala ukhula. Ukuhluma kugweme ukucindezelwa kwezitshalo ezimpande ngezitshalo ezingadingekile.
- Ukunisela okulinganiselwe. Ukunisela kwenziwa njengoba kudingeka. I-izaqathi ayithandi i-overmoistening. Kusukela kokungaphezulu komswakama, ukukhula okusebenzayo kwamahlamvu kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwezimpande kuqala. Futhi ukuqhuma kwamanzi kubangela ukubola.
Umsebenzi oqhubekayo wensimu wensimu ukuthola isivuno esihle. Kulesi sigaba, izinyathelo ezilandelayo zithathwa:
- Izithombo zokuhlunga.
- Umanyolo.
- Ukuxhuma
- Ukunisela okulinganiselwe.
Indlela yokunakekela izitshalo ezivulekile?
Ukuze ukhule imifino enempilo yemifino ensimini, kumele ulandele ukulandelana okuthile kwezenzo.
Ukuhweba
Ukumboza kwenziwa ngokushesha ngemva kokuhlwanyela emhlabathini, lokhu kukuvumela ukuba usheshe ukuhluma kwembewu. Njengento yokugqoka isetshenziswa:
- ifilimu yeplastiki;
- amakhekhe akhethekile;
- utshani obomile noma amahlamvu;
- amagatsha emithi.
I-Sheltering isindisa izitshalo ezivela ezinyoni nakwezinye izilwane ezingonakalisa imibhede.
Ukuthinta
- Ukuqothula kokuqala kwenziwa emva kokuvela kweqabunga lesithathu langempela esitshalweni. Phakathi kwezitshalo ushiye igebe lika-2-2.5 cm.
- Ukwehlisa okwesibili yaveza amasonto amathathu emva kokuqala. Lenziwa ukuze kugweme ukuhlanganiswa kwezimpande ezincane ngenxa yobuningi. Igebe eliphakathi kwezimpande libe ngu-4-4.5 cm.
Imithetho yokuthinta:
- Ngaphambi kokuncibilika komunye kufanele kuphuze imibhede.
- Khipha izitshalo ezengeziwe ezisezingeni eliphezulu ukugwema ukulimala komakhelwane. Ukuphulwa kobuqotho bomsuka omkhulu kungabangela ukubola kwempande.
- Fafaza ama-akhawulwe amazwe ngehlabathi ukuze ungadonseli isanqante.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Izaqathe zondliwa kathathu ngenkathi ngayinye:
- Ukukhulelwa kokuqala kwenziwa ngo-3-4 amasonto emva kokuvela kwamahlumela okuqala. Kuyo, isisombululo se-mullein noma i-urea ne-potassium magnesia sisetshenziswa (ikhambi lilungiswe ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi + 1 tsp we-urea + 1 tsp we-potassium magnesia).
- Lapho kuvela iqabunga lesithupha lempela, umanyolo we-potassium uyasetshenziswa: isisombululo se-potassium sulfate ngesilinganiso sezipuni eziyi-2 ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi noma isixazululo somlotha - amalitha angu-0.5 omlotha ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi.
- Umanyolo wesithathu usetshenziswe ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti. Imifula igaxekile yomile ngomlotha, bese ukhulula phansi.
Ukunisela
Abalimi abanolwazi abanamanzi abaqalayo amahlumela amaqathi amaviki angu-1-2. Ukoma okuphoqelelwe kubangela ukuthi isitshalo sijulise izimpande. Ukusetshenziselwa ukutshala okuncane kwezitshalo ezincane kufanele kwenziwe ngamanzi afudumele kuze kube yi-15-20 cm ejulile njengoba kudingeka.
Ukukhululeka
Ukukhulula inhlabathi ngo-5-7 cm emva kokunisela ngamunye kuzosiza ekugwemeni ukuntuleka kwe-oxygen.
Ukuxhuma
Utshani obomile obomile uyasetshenziswa njengendwangu yokumboza.. Umswakama awukhiphuki kulokhu, ukhula alukhulumi kahle, umthelela wemvelo unciphile kakhulu.
Ukunciphisa umzimba kunomthelela ekucebiseni umhlabathi wamaminerali kanye neziqu eziphilayo.
Amaphutha
Amaphutha avamile:
- Ukuphuza okungalungile. Amanzi aqhubekayo noma umswakama owedlulele uholela ekuboleni noma ekuhlanganiseni kwezimpande. Okunye okweqile ukungahlali ngokuphelele kokuphuza ngesikhathi somiso. Ngenxa yalokho, izimpande zingaphazamisa noma zome ngokuphelele. Ukuchelela okufaneleko kunamanzi njengoba kudingwa yisitshalo uqobo.
- Ukudla okungalungile. Ama-karoti awakwazi ukucwiliswa ngomquba omusha, ukunambitheka kwawo nokubukeka kuyawohloka empandeni. Ukuze ugweme ukudla okungalungile, umanyolo kufanele usetshenziswe ngokwesihe.
- Ukunciphisa okungalungile. Uma wenza le nqubo ngesikhathi esingalungile, ungathola isivuno sezinga elibi. Ezimpandeni ezincane zihlangene phakathi komunye nomunye, futhi "inkululeko" eyedlulele ikhula ngobubanzi futhi ikhula kakhulu. Ukuthanda kakhulu kunciphisa. Ngakho-ke, konke ukugcoba kufanele kwenziwe ngesikhathi.
Ukuthola isivuno esihle samaqathe akulula. Ukukhula kwalesi siko kudinga amandla amaningi, ulwazi namakhono. Kodwa-ke, uma kahle futhi ngesikhathi esifanele ukhathalele emva kokuhlwanyela, ungathola isivuno esinempilo nesiphakeme, ngisho nakabalimi be-novice.
