Ama-apples akuyona nje izithelo ezihlwabusayo, wonke umthombo wempilo. Ebusika, lapho umzimba udinga amavithamini, zisisiza.
Ukugcina ama-apula ekhaya ebusika akuyona nje elula, kodwa futhi kubiza ngempumelelo. Futhi ukwenza kube lula kakhulu, into eyinhloko ukwazi izimo ezimbalwa.
Indlela yokugcina ama-apula ukuze ubusika bube buhle?
Akukaze kube yimfihlo izakhamuzi zasehlobo ukuthi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zicebile kangakanani isivuno, zingasindiswa ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa isikhathi eside. Ngokuphathelene nezithelo zokuvuthwa, ama-apula ihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amathathu: ihlobo, ekwindla kanye nobusika.
Ihlobo lehlobo lihlanganisa izithelo zokuqala.: Ukugcwala okumhlophe, uMalt Lauga, i-Grushovka eMoscow, iBorovinka. Isikhathi sokugcina salezi apula esiqandisini amasonto amabili kuphela.
Iqembu le-autumn lakha: Antonovka, Anisa, i-Bellefle-Kitaika, Welsey, i-Saffron uSaratovsky. Ukubeka isikhathi eside akufanelekile, ngoba, njenge ubude besitoreji sabo - kusukela ezinyangeni eziyi-1.5 kuya kwezi-3. Uma ufake iphakethe lama-apula walezi zinhlobonhlobo efrijini, lizokhulisa "ukuphila" kwabo, kodwa hhayi isikhathi eside. Ngakho-ke, kubo kungcono ukulungiselela ujamu, ujamu, ijusi, iwayini, njll.
Futhi lapha izinhlobo zasebusika ingase ilale kuze kube sehlobo. Isici sabo esihlukanisayo yikhono lokuqhubeka nokuvuthwa embhedeni. Lezi zihlanganisa: Cortland, Slavyanka, Northern Boyko izinhlaka zokuxhumana zobuchopho, Ugogo, Reinette Simirenko, Reinette champagne igolide insila, Pepin London, Pepin liqhakaze, Reinette Bauman, Reinette Landsberg, Rosemary, uSara izinhlaka zokuxhumana zobuchopho, Calvillo iqhwa, kandil-zokuxhumana zobuchopho nabanye.
Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi izinhlobo ezinjengeMlievskaya Beauty, Boyken, Inkazimulo kumuntu owinile, zidinga izinga lokushisa lokunciphisa ama-1 ° C kuya ku-0 ° C. I-Kalvil iqhwa, uRennet simirenko, uJonathan angagcinwa ku-1 ° C-2 ° C. I-Antonovka evamile, igolide ye-Permen ebusika, i-Rennet champagne e-2 ° C - 4 ° C. Okujabulisayo kwegolide, iMantuan ngaphansi kwe-1 ° C kuya ku-4 ° C.
Uma unquma ukubeka isitoreji ekuvuneni kwakho kwe-apula, khona-ke ngokuqala udinga ukuwaqoqa ngokufanele, ngoba isikhathi sesitoreji sesithelo sizoxhomekeka kuso.
UKUKHONA!
- Kubalulekile ukuqala ukuvuna esimweni sezulu esicacile nangesikhathi sokuvuthwa okukhishwayo.
- Ungadabuli umsila kusuka embuseni.
- Awukwazi ukususa ungqimba lwemvelo wempova kusuka ku-apula.
- Ukuqeda izithelo kumele kube yizandla zonke, uphakamise futhi uphephe ngomsila.
- Qala ukuvuna, mhlawumbe kusuka phansi, kancane kancane uhambela phezulu esihlahleni.
- Beka isithelo esitsheni esilungisiwe ngokucophelela.
Kunconywa ukubeka izithelo amasonto ambalwa endaweni epholile. Bese badinga ukuhlunga (kungcono ukushiya lokho okuyizinhlanga futhi ngaphandle komonakalo). Bese uhlukanisa isivuno ngamabanga namasayizi: ngokukhululekile okukhulu, okuphakathi nokuncane.
Ama-apula aqhubeka nezinqubo zokuphila futhi ngesikhathi sokubeka. Baphefumula, bakhiphe izinto eziguquguqukayo, baqhume umswakama. Kodwa ngenxa yokuthi izidakamizwa zabo (ushukela, isitashi, ama-acids) ziyadliwa, izimfanelo zokunambitha ziwohloka.
Siza!Ukuze kugcinwe izinto ezizuzisayo zama-apula, kufanele zifakwe ngokushesha ngemuva kokususwa ekamelweni elipholile elinamazinga okushisa okuvela ku-2 ° C kuya kwezingu-2 ° C, kuye ngezinhlobonhlobo.
Ngaphambi kokuba ugcwalise isitoreji ngesitshalo, kubalulekile ukukhipha amagciwane, ukomile futhi uvuselele igumbi, ulondoloze umswakama ozungeze 90% futhi unikeze umoya wokuphumula.
Esikhathini semboni, izimo zokugcina ze-apula zifana nhlobo. Ngemuva kokuba izimpahla zifike endaweni ekhethiwe, izithelo ezihlile zidluliselwa emakamelweni okugcina.
Lapho umswakama ugcinwa ngokuzenzakalelayo ngo-85-90%, futhi izinga lokushisa lomoya livela ku-0 ° C kuya ku-7 ° C.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekamelweni lokugcina kumele lingabi ngaphezu kuka-5% kokuqukethwe oksijini. Iziteshi zokuhamba zikhona emhlabeni futhi zingcwatshwe. Izisekelo ezisemhlabathini zilula kakhulu ukusebenza ngaphakathi kwendawo yokugcina impahla (ukulayishwa, ukulayishwa impahla, njll.) Kodwa zithonywa yisimo sezulu: ukushisa kwe-air ngaphandle, umoya, njll.
Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi kube nokushisa nokushisa odongeni. Izitshalo ezijulile azinikezwa ithonya langaphandle, ngoba izinga lokushisa elilodwa ligcinwa njalo kuzo. Embonini, le nqubo ikwenza kakhulu inqubo yokubeka izithelo, kodwa ungayisindisa kanjani ekhaya?
Izindlela
Kunezindlela eziningana zokugcina ama-apula.
I-styling elula
Esikhunjini esikhethiwe (ibhokisi noma ibhasikidi) faka izingxenye 2-3 zama-apula, imisila phezulu. Uma ingxenye yesiqu isikhathi eside, unganciphisa ukuze ingalimazi izithelo eziseduze.
Iphepha lokufaka
Isithelo ngasinye kufanele sigqoke ephepheni, ungasebenzisa amaphephandaba noma amaphuphu. Bese ubeka izithelo ebhokisini, uhlabe.
Ukuchichima
Le ndlela idinga isihlabathi nge-mix, i-sawdust efanele, ama-moss, amaqabunga, umlotha.
Gcwalisa phansi ebhokisini ngempahla eningi mayelana nobukhulu obuyi-3 cm.
Beka isithelo ukuze bangathinteki, bese umboza ngendwangu yeshlabathi. Ngakho ungenza imigqa 2-3 yama-apula.
Emasakeni epulasitiki
Izithelo zebanga elifanayo zigcwalisa iphakethe elincane. Yenza izimbobo ezincane ezinhlanu futhi ubeke endaweni epholile (-1 ° C kuya ku-1 ° C).
Emhlabathini
Lungiselela izikhwama zepulasitiki zama-apula (5 kg ngalinye). Dweba umgodi ngamaphesenti angama-50. Paka phansi phansi ngamagatsha ase-spruce, ubeke izikhwama, uzihlanganise nazo ngamagatsha futhi, uzihlanganise nazo umhlaba. Uma kwenzeka kubanda kakhulu, gcoba umgodi ngamaqabunga.
Kuziqukathi
Beka isitsha sebhuni ngenhla. Beka ungqimba wotshani owomile noma u-sawdust ngezansi. Bese ubeka ama-apula bese uwamboza nge-chips. Ngakho gcwalisa lonke ithangi.
Isitoreji ebhokisini namabhokisi
Le ndlela izohambisana namabhokisi amakhadibhodi namabhokisi aseplastiki. Okokuqala yenza ungqimba oluncane lwamahlamvu noma u-sawdust, ke - kusuka ema-apula. Noma gcwalisa isithelo ngasinye ngephepha, uyibeke emgqeni, bese umboza ngekhadibhodi. Phinda, ngaleyo ndlela, imigqa eminingana.
Emabhokisini e-thermo
Ngaphansi kwebhokisi elincane, faka i-foam, faka ama-apula phezulu, vala ibhokisi uphinde ufake i-foam.
Manje lokhu kuklamo kufanele kufakwe ebhokisini elikhudlwana, ngakho-ke kukhona ibanga elingaba ngu-15 cm phakathi kwabo.
Ungagcwalisa okungekho nge-sawdust, izigqoko, izingcezu ze-Foam ezisele. Ukuthinta kokugcina ukumboza amasitokisi ngengubo.
Ukwelashwa kwe-UV
Spread out the apula phezulu. Ngakapheli imizuzu engama-30, shiya ngaphansi kwesibani se-UV eseceleni kwamamitha ayi-1.5. Ngoba ngisho nokucubungula izithelo kudinga ukuguqulwa.
Ukumisa
Kule ndlela lifanele ehlobo nasekwindla izinhlobo zama-apula. Kudingeka bahlanzwe, bome futhi bathululelwe. Bese uthathe ama-5 mm tincetu. Inqubo yokumisa ingaba khona ngaphandle kokubili nasehhavini noma kusomisi kagesi. Ama-apula omile angagcinwa emasakeni esikhwameni, emabhokisini amakhadibhodi, Into esemqoka ukuthi izithelo zinomoya owanele.
Ukulondolozwa
Kunezinhlobo zokupheka eziningi ze-apulale we-canning. Kodwa kukhona okukodwa umthetho oyinhloko: Amabhange alungisiwe kumele ahlelwe ngamanzi abilayo. Futhi zingagcinwa ekamelweni lokushisa.
Amathiphu awusizo wokugcina ama-apula ebhange, bona ividiyo engezansi:
Frost
Okokuqala udinga ukugeza izithelo, bese uhlukanisa ngayinye zibe izingxenye ezine bese ususa ingqikithi. Gcoba amashidi okubhaka nge-polyethylene, ubeke lezi tincetu bese uwabeka efrijini. Le nqubo izohlala amahora angu-2-3 ekushiseni okungaphansi kuka-20 ° C. Bese ubeka ama-apula ngobuncane emasakeni epulasitiki noma emiphaketheni yepulasitiki. Futhi thumela efrijini ekushiseni okuphakathi.
Kunezindlela eziningi zokugcina izitshalo; wonke umuntu angakhetha lokho okufanelana nabo.
Isithombe
Ukuzibona ngokuzenzekelayo ngezindlela zokugcina ama-apula ebusika ekhaya kungabonakala esithombeni ngezansi:
Indawo yokulala
Ungakha isitoreji noma kuphi: emhlabathini, efulethini, egalaji, engaphansi, e-attic ... Into eyinhloko ukuthi indawo yokulala epholile ngehora lokushisa elingu-2 ° C. Kubalulekile nokuba ne-umoya omuhle, umswakama kufanele ube okungenani u-80%.
Endlini yangasese indawo enokwethenjelwa kakhulu yokugcina ama-apula yi-cellar. Kodwa kanjani ukugcina ama-apula ebusika emiphongolweni? Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele uqale ulungiselele:
- ukugcoba izindonga nophahla nge-lime ne-sulphate yethusi (1.5 kg we-lime kanye no-150 g we-sulfate yethusi ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi)
- ufafaza phansi ngesisombululo se-sulfate esivundile (ama-500g ngalinye ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi)
Futhi kanjani ukugcina ama-apula ebusika fresh endlini? Efulethini lomuzi indawo enhle kunazo zonke i-balcony eneqhwa noma i-loggia. Kodwa ungakha izimo ezidingekayo zokuvuthwa nokufakwe efasiteleni, naku-pantry, nasegumbini.
KUBALULEKILE!Uma kunama-rack amaningi esitokisini, ibanga eliphakathi kwawo kufanele libhekwe: 15 cm ukusuka phansi no-20 cm kusuka esitsheni esiphakeme Awukwazi ukubeka ama-apula ngemifino, nemikhiqizo enokumnandi (ugarlic, anyanisi).
Ama-apula akwazi ukugcina izakhiwo zawo isikhathi eside kunezinye izithelo. Kunezindlela eziningi nezindawo zokuzigcina zihlanzekile. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha ezihlukahlukene, ukususa ngokucophelela izithelo ezivela emthini ngaphandle kokulimaza, bese wenza izimo ezidingekayo zokugcina. Futhi ngokubuya, ngenkathi ebandayo, uzothola ingcebo yamavithamini.
