Amazambane aseJalimane ahlukahlukene ngoZekura eRussia ephakathi

Ngokuvamile, ngokuphishekela isivuno esikhulu, abalimi balimi nabalimi bakhohlwa ukunambitheka kwamazambane. Kodwa lesi sitshalo sezimpande akuyona into ebizwa ngokuthi isinkwa sesibili; ngaphandle kwalo, kunzima ukucabanga ithala kunoma yiliphi izwe lomhlaba.

Ngakho-ke, amazambane amafolishi, okungukuthi, anika irekhodi ukukhiqiza, angeke athathe izinhlobo zetafula ukunambitha. Umzamo ophumelelayo wabalimi ukuhlanganisa isivuno esihle ngokunambitheka okuhle yiZekura ebangeni.

Uzothola incazelo yayo eningiliziwe, izici kanye nezici zobuchwepheshe bezolimo kulesi sihloko. Kanye nokuzimela nokuphikisana nezifo, okutholakala ekuhlaselweni kwezinambuzane ezinambuzane.

Umlando wokuzala

Ababelethi baseJalimane bazuze ukukhuthazelela izimpande, ukumelana nezifo, isikhathi esifushane sokuvuthwa, ukunambitheka kakhulu kwemifino. Okubalulekile kubo kwakuyi-shelf life. UZekura uqinisekise ukuthi kungenzeka manje lezi zihlukahlukene ziyaziwa yizakhamuzi zasehlobo nabalimi baseRussia, bekhula ngokuphumelelayo ngisho nangaphansi kwezimo zehlobo elifushane laseSiberiaenikeza isivuno esihle.

Zekura amazambane: incazelo ehlukahlukene nezithombe

Amazambane alezi zinhlobonhlobo ziye zathola ukuthandwa ngenxa yokungathobeki kwazo kanye nezindlela ezilula zokulima. Ama-shrubs akha amahlathi awasakazeki, okwenza kube lula ukuhluma futhi kukhululeke. Izimbali zibomvu. Izidleke ziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, zakhiwa eduze, ezenza kube lula ukuvuna.

Izilimo eziyizigaxa ziyi-oblong, ama-oblong, amehlo amancane, isikhumba esiphuzi nesikhumba. Isisindo sezilimo eziyizigaxa singafinyelela ku-60-150 amagremu, esidlekeni kunezicucu ezingu-17-20. Amazambane aphezulu e-starch, isikhathi eside silondoloza ukubukeka kwemakethe.

Ukunambitheka kwamazambane kuncike ekutheni inani le isitashi ezilimo eziyizigaxa zalo. Etafuleni elingezansi ungabona ukuthi yini le nkhomba yezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukene:

I-Zekura imelana ne-neat nematode yegolide, umdlavuza, ukulimala kwelanga, ukuphikisana okuphakeme kakhulu kwesikhumba, i-leaf curl, ukubola. Yini eyenza lokhu kuhlukahluka okukhangayo yilokho ngesikhathi sokugcina, ayilahlekelwa ukunambitheka kwayo okuhle kakhulu kwezinyanga ezingu-3-4. Into esemqoka ukukhetha indawo ebusika futhi ukhumbule izinsuku.

Izithombe ze-Pictorial ze Zekura amazambane:

Izinhlobo ze-Pros and cons:

• Amaqanda amazambane aphuzi aphelele ukugcoba, ukucheka, okubekiwe ezinsikeni, ama-stews, abilisiwe ama-saladi. Khumbula ukuthi kulula ukupheka.
• Naphezu kokungazitholi, ezimweni zesomiso noma ukungabi nokushisa, izilimo eziyizigaxa zingase zibe ezincane kunalindelekile, kusuka ku-50 kuya ku-70 amagremu.
• Amazambane agciniwe kakhulu kulezi ezihlukahlukene ezitolo zemifino nokushisa okuzinzile kwe-1 - 2 degrees, umswakama olinganiselayo.
• Amaphesenti aphansi kakhulu wezitshalo ezinkulu ezincane kakhulu noma ezincane kakhulu, cishe zonke elibushelelezi, ngaphandle kwamabala nobunzima, nezilimo eziyizigaxa eziluhlaza nazo cishe azize zenzeke.
• Igcina kahle izinhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo zeminyaka eminingana.

Izimo ezikhulayo

Kungcono ukutshala amazambane kaZekura phakathi kukaMeyi, lapho inhlabathi ifudumele ngokwanele. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo kubonisa imiphumela emihle lapho itshalwe enhlabathini, lapho okumila khona khona, lwesinaphi kanye ne-lupine kutshalwa ngaphambilini.

• Ukulungiswa kokuqala kwenhlabathi okudingekayo: ukulima, ukulimaza;
• Ukufika kuqhutshwa emhlabathini ovulekile, ku-10 cm ububanzi obujulile;
• Ibanga phakathi kwembewu - kufika ku-50 cm;
• Ukulungiswa kwembewu akudingeki;
• Kuye ngesimo somhlabathi, singasetshenziselwa izithasiselo eziphilayo noma zamaminerali (humus, umquba, i-sapropel, umuthi wokhuni, i-peat, i-sawdust).

Izinhlobonhlobo zeZuzkura kunconywa ukulimala phakathi kweRussia, kodwa ngisho naseSiberia naseKazakhstan kufinyelela ekusebenzeni ngobuchwepheshe phakathi no-Agasti, izinsuku ezingu-90 kuya kwezingu-100 kusukela ngesikhathi sokutshala.

I-Zekura nayo ayidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile.. Okuyinhloko yi-weeding esifike ngesikhathi futhi ikhulula ngemva kokunisela noma imvula. Ukhula lususwa ngoJuni, bese - njengoba kudingeka. Ekuqaleni kukaJulayi kuyafaneleka ukuhlanganisa izihlahla zamazambane, okuzovumela ukugcina umswakama isikhathi eside futhi kuzosiza ekwakheni isidleke esihlangene. Ukuvuna kusukela maphakathi no-Agasti kuya maphakathi no-September.

Kunezindlela eziningi zokutshala amazambane. Ezihlokweni zethu uzothola ulwazi olusithakazelisayo mayelana nobuchwepheshe beDashi, mayelana nokukhula emiphongolweni noma emasakeni.

Lezi zinhlobonhlobo, ngokunakekelwa kahle, zinika abantu abangama-450-550 amahektha ngalinye ehektheleni, okungukuthi, kufika ku-45 kilogram ngehektha ngalinye e-summer cottage.

Ukuze uqhathanise isivuno nokugcina izinga lezinhlobonhlobo nabanye, ungasebenzisa ithebula elingezansi:

Lapho ukhula amazambane, amakhemikhali engeziwe athandiswa kakhulu ukuthuthukisa izitshalo noma ukulawula izinambuzane.

Funda konke mayelana nezinzuzo nezingozi ze-fungicides, ukhula lwe-herbicide nezinambuzane ezihlokweni eziwusizo kusayithi lethu.

Ukugcinwa kwamazambane

Ukuze ulondoloze isitshalo esakhulile, kubalulekile ukuba ungakilali kabusha i-vault noma i-cellar bese uyomisa. Amazambane ahamba phambili, asuse zonke izimpande ngezibonakaliso zesifo, umonakalo, owomile, ohlanzekile emhlabathini.

Kungcono ukuyibeka emabhokisini noma emabhodini okhuni, kepha amathayi okugcina ekhethekile nawo afanelekile. Ukushisa kusitoreji kufanele kugcinwe ezingeni lika-1 - 2 degrees, okuzosiza ukugcina amazambane isikhathi eside. Igumbi kufanele libe mnyama, kusiza ukuvimbela ukuhluma.

I-varietal, ekhethiwe ukutshala izilimo eziyizigaxa kufanele igcinwe ngokwehlukana, izikhathi ezimbili ngenyanga, ihlole isimo sayo futhi isuse izithelo ezithambile noma ezibolayo. Emasontweni angu-1 ukuya kwangu-2 ngaphambi kokutshala imbewu ingafakwa ekamelweni elikhanyayo elifudumele.

Ukuze uthole ulwazi mayelana nokuthi ungalondoloza kanjani nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezihlutshiwe nokuthi ungakwazi kanjani ukugcina ukusetshenziswa kwezilimo eziyizigaxa zamazambane esiqandisini, bheka izihloko ezihlukene kwiwebhusayithi yethu.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Iningi lesi sifo sesifo se-Zekura asiyona into embi, iphikisa kakhulu cishe konke. Izinambuzane zingaba yingozi: i-Colorado amazambane beetle, i-wireworm, i-moth ye-caterpillar, ne-Medvedka. Izinhlobo ze-wireworm ezindaweni ezingaphathwa kahle, emquba nase-sawdust, zithanda utshani utshani.

Ukuvimbela ukukhula kokhula, uma kwenzeka inqwaba yezinambuzane emhlabathini, yenza ukuvuna ukulima kwenhlabathi ukubhubhisa i-wireworm. Lezi zinambuzane zithanda ukuhlala enhlabathini enomsoco, ngakho-ke, lezi zindlela ezilandelayo zisiza ukulwa nalo:

• Ukulinganisa (1 kg ye-soda ehlatshiwe ngayinye yamamitha ayi-skwele angu-10)
• Umlotha wokhuni (amabhakede amabili ama-10-litre ngalinye ngamamitha ayisishiyagalolunye emhlabathini) uzokusiza ukutshala umhlaba futhi ulahle izinambuzane.
• Ukuze silwe nezinambuzane zomhlabathi ingxenye yesitshalo, kunezidakamizwa eziningi, kufaka phakathi i- "Commodore", "Corado", i-bitobaxicillin. Kumele ifakwe ngokuqinile ngokuhambisana nemiyalelo ehambelanisiwe emaphaketheni we-agent yamakhemikhali.
• Phakathi kwamakhemikhali abantu, ukuthuthumela ngomlotha, ufulawa wenkilazi, kanye noshukela noma uthuli lwe-gypsum (ngokuqapha) selungulwe kahle.
• Ibuye isetshenziswe ukuphalaza imithi yamagciwane kanye nama-infusions ama-walnut, ama-acacia, amaqabunga e-poplar, shag.
• Ayithandi izinambuzane ze-garlic, umhlonyane, i-tar, ugwayi, nezinye izitshalo. Esiqhingini kufanelekile ukutshala ngezihlahla noma, uma uthanda, nge-bouquets of garlic, marigold, nasturtium, calendula, coriander. Lokhu kuzokwesaba izinkukhu kanye neMedvedka.

Isiphetho

Amazinga amazambane aphakathi kweZekura ahle kakhulu ekukhuleni ensimini yaseRussia naseSiberia. Ikhono layo lokulwa nezifo nokukhiqiza isivuno esihle ngisho nasezikhathini zesomiso kwenza kube yindawo ethandwa ngabantu abahlala ehlobo nasebalimi.

Akukho okukhangayo ukuthi akuphikisi ukubola futhi kulula ukukhula. Izilimo eziyizigaxa ezinemibala enhle ne-pulp ephuzi zinomdlavuza omnandi kakhulu futhi ziqukethe izinto eziningi eziwusizo, ngakho zihambisana ngokugcwele nokudla kwakho.

Siphinde sinikele nezinye izinhlobo zamazambane ngezimiso zokuvuthwa ezahlukene: