I-Pakhira - ekhula futhi inakekelwa ekhaya, izinhlobo zezithombe

I-Pachira (Pachira) - isitshalo somndeni we-baobab odabuka eMexico, igama lawo lesibili yi-Guiana chestnut noma i-saba nati. Ukusuka kwisiLatini, iPachira ihunyushwa ngokuthi "bbw" ngoba inesiqu esinzima, esingenamikhawulo esikhulisela izimpande futhi siyakwazi ukugcina umswakama. Ingaphezulu lesiqu selincane, lifakwe umqhele wamaqabunga aluhlaza abushelelezi.

Ubungako besitshalo buyehluka ngokuya ngezimo zokuhlala, ngakho-ke, ekhaya, i-pachira ithuthuka kancane futhi ubude bayo abudluli amamitha amathathu.

Emvelweni wemvelo, i-pachira ingafinyelela kumamitha angama-20, futhi ikhiqize nezimbali ezinama-stamens amaningi amade, emva kwalokho izithelo ezihlwabusayo ezivuthiwe zivuthwe. Emvelweni wasekhaya, isitshalo asiqhakaza futhi singatheli zithelo, kepha isikhathi sokuphila kwawo ngokunakekelwa okufanele singaba yiminyaka eyishumi.

IPakhira ikhule hhayi njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa. Amagxolo ayo asetshenziswa emithini yesintu ukudambisa umphimbo nesisu. Izithelo zalesi sitshalo zisetshenziselwa ukupheka - zithosiwe, isinkwa sibhakwe kusuka kumantongomane aqothulwe, bese kulungiswa iziphuzo ezishisayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-pahira iwuphawu lokuchichima ekhaya. Kukholelwa ukuthi ngokukhula kwalesi sitshalo, ingcebo nenhlanhla enhle kuza emndenini.

Nakekela i-pachy ekhaya. Kafushane

IPahira ekhaya akubangeli ubunzima obuningi ekunakekelweni. Kwanele ukugcina imibandela elandelayo yokuboshwa:

Nakekela i-pachy ekhaya. Ngokuningiliziwe

Inothi lobuhle nokukhuthala kuzongezwa kwekhaya lakho ngokunemba imbali ye-pahira. Ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya akulethi ubunzima obukhethekile, kepha noma kunjalo ama-nuances athile kufanele abhekwe ngemininingwane eminingi.

Izimbali eziqira

Izimbali zePahira zinhle kakhulu, zinephunga elimnandi le-vanilla, kepha zingabonakala kuphela ezimweni zemvelo noma ku-greenhouse. Njengomthetho, ukuqhakaza okusebenzayo kwenzeka kusukela ekuqaleni kwehlobo kuze kube sekupheleni ekwindla. Ama-inflorescences ayisibalo samanqina amaningi amade aphuzi aphuzi noma abomvu, azungezwe ngopinki obomvana, obomvana nokhilimu.

Ububanzi bezimbali bungamasentimitha ayi-10-15, ubude obungu-30-35 cm. Kamuva, ama-inflorescence akha izithelo lapho, ngemuva kokuvuthwa, ahlukaniswe iziziba ezimbili, embula kuze kufike "amantongomane" ayi-20 ngaphakathi.

Imodi yokushisa

Isimo sezulu esishisayo, i-pahira kufanele ivikelwe ekushiseni ngokweqile nasekuchayweni isikhathi eside elangeni eliqondile. Ukushisa okuvumelekile okuphezulu kwegumbi kungama-23-25 ​​degrees. Ebusika, okusalungiswa akufanele kuvunyelwe, kanye namazinga okushisa angaphansi kwama-degrees ayi-16.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sitshalo akufanele sibe duzane nemishini yokufudumeza namabhethri.

Ukufafaza

Ngenxa yokuthi pahira isitshalo esishisayo, Kubalulekile kakhulu ukugcina izinga lomswakama wemvelo wezimbali. Uma umoya osekamelweni womile kakhulu, lungisa lesi simo ngokufafaza amaqabunga njalo. Lapho ufafaza umswakama, ungangeni emthonjeni wokukhula komqhele ukugwema ukubola. I-Spray kufanele ixazululwe ngamanzi at lokushisa lasekamelweni.

Isibani

Ukuze ulondoloze ukubukeka kokuhlobisa kwe-majira isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka, kubalulekile ukubheka izinga lokukhanya kwesitshalo. Ngokuntuleka kokukhanya kwelanga, iziqu z imbali zinwetshiwe, umqhele ulahlekelwe ukwakheka okuhle okuyindilinga.

Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, ukuvezwa ilanga isikhathi eside kunethonya emacembe, kungabonakala amabala athi "ukushisa", ngakho-ke inketho enhle kungaba ukuhlinzeka isitshalo ukukhanya okuthe xaxa, kanye nokufiphaza imbali lapho kukhanya kakhulu ilanga.

Ukunisela

Esikhathini esishisayo, i-okuzira eyenziwe ekhaya idinga ukuthambisa njalo. Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukuqapha izinga lokuswakama kwenhlabathi. Uma ingaphezulu lomhlabathi limanzi, ukuthambisa kufanele kuhlehliswe kuze kube yilapho ungqimba olukhulu loma kancane. Ebusika, ukuthambisa akuvamile futhi kuphela uma inhlabathi yesitshalo isomile cishe ngo-3-4 cm ebusweni. Ngaphandle kwalokho, isitshalo sizoqala ukubola.

Kufanele iniselwe ngamanzi axazululiwe noma emvula, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ngenkasa usebenzisa ipallet.

Imbiza yePahira

Imbiza, kulokhu, ikhethwa ngokuya ngosayizi wezimbali nohlelo lwayo lwezimpande. Ngakho-ke, isitshalo esincane esinenombolo yezimpande ezimbalwa asidingi isitsha esijulile, isitsha esincane kodwa esibanzi esinobubanzi okungenani abangama-29 cm.

Imbiza encane kakhulu izovimbela ukukhula kwe-pachira. Futhi ekujuleni kakhulu - ingxenye yezwe ngeke isetshenziswe yisitshalo, okungaholela ekushintsheni kwezindawo zenhlabathi, i-acidization yayo eyengeziwe.

Inhlabathi yenhlabathi

Ukutshala ngempumelelo i-pachyra kudinga inhlabathi "engaphefumula" engagcwele kakhulu izakhamzimba. Ingxube ye-turf kanye nenhlabathi eshidi, ehlanganiswe nesihlabathi, ama-chip wezitini ngezilinganiso ezilinganayo kufanelekile. Kubandakanya ukulungele ukukhula kwe-majira nomhlaba jikelele wezihlahla zesundu, i-dracaena. Isimo esikhulu ukuthi inhlabathi kumele ivunyelwe, ngamakhompiyutha amahle.

Umanyolo nomanyolo

Ukondla u-jaira kwenziwa kangcono kakhulu entwasahlobo nasezinyangeni zasehlobo, imvamisa ye - njalo emavikini amabili. Njengomanyolo, ungasebenzisa noma izithasiselo ezikhethekile zamaminerali zezitshalo zokuhlobisa nezingaqali, noma ukondla umuthi ngokufafaza amaqabunga ngemithi elwa nengcindezelo.

Esimweni sokuqala, amaphesenti angama-50 wokuphakanyiswa okuhlanganisiwe kwezinhlobo zamaqabunga okuhlobisa kufanele asetshenziswe. Lapho ufafaza amaqabunga, kungcono ukusebenzisa umthamo okhonjiswe abenzi.

Ekwindla nasebusika akunconywa ukufaka umquba pahira.

Pahira ukufakelwa

Imbali yePachira ekhaya izohlobisa noma yiliphi ikhaya isikhathi eside ngokubukeka kwayo, uma itshalwa kabusha ngesikhathi bese yandise isikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo. Ukufakwa kwezimbali okuncane kwenziwa kangcono njalo ngonyaka entwasahlobo. Izinhlobo zangonyaka zidluliselwa njalo emva kweminyaka emibili, futhi ezinyangeni zasentwasahlobo. Kuzona zozimbili lezi zinto, ukufakelwa kwenziwa ngokubekwa kwenhlabathi ngokuphelele futhi inqubo yonke imi ngokulandelayo:

• isitshalo sikhishwa ngaphandle, kuyilapho uhlelo lwezimpande luqondile kancane;
• izimpande zibekwe esitsheni esinamanzi isikhathi esingadluli imizuzu eyi-15;
• izinsalela zomhlaba zisuswa ezimpandeni, kanti izindawo ezifile, ezilimele nezonakalisayo nazo ziyasuswa;
• uma ufisa, nciphisa izimpande ezisele ezinempilo;
• sigcwalisa imbiza ngengxube yokufakelwa ngendlela yesilayidi;
• phezulu sibeka uhlelo lwezimpande ze pachyra, sisabalalisa izinqubo ngokulinganayo kulo lonke ivolumu lembiza;
• silele umthamo osele wesitsha sezimbali.

Ungasika kanjani pachira

UPahira ekhaya akadingi ukusokwa. Lokhu kudingekile kuphela uma isitshalo sesilahlekelwe ukubukeka kwayo kokuhlobisa. Kulokhu, ukuthenwa okwenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Ezindaweni zokusika, amagatsha ezimbali nomqhele ziba zikhulukazi, ziyindilinga. Ukufa nje, amaqabunga omisiwe neziqu kungasuswa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.

Ukusakazwa kukaPachira

Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwalesi sitshalo kungenzeka ngezindlela ezimbili - zemifino kanye nembewu.

Ukusakazeka kokusika kwe -iraira

Indlela ye-vegetative yokusakazwa kwe -iraira ukusakazwa ngezinsika. Ngale njongo kuthathwa isiqu esifinyelela ku-10 cm, sibe nesakhiwo esakhiwe esinamaqabunga amaqabunga amabili.

Ukubamba imbala kwenziwa kanjena:

• imiphetho engezansi yokusikwa iphathwa nge-activator eyimpande
• ingxube yenhlabathi yenziwa ngezingcezu ezifanayo zesihlabathi esifafazwe, namalahle, i-humus nesiqingatha se-sphagnum
• ingxube ephumayo ihlanzwe inzalo
• ukusika kutyalwe ezitsheni, noma izinkomishi zepulasitiki ezinomgodi ophoqelekile wokudonsa
• izingxenye ezingezansi zokusika zntywiliselwa enhlabathini ngamamilimitha angama-30, zilandelwe ngokunisela.

Isikhathi sokubumba izimpande singamaviki amathathu. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle, okungukuthi: ukukhanya okuhlakazekile, amazinga okushisa angama-20- 22 degrees, umswakama wezinga lamaphesenti angama-80 - le nqubo nayo ingenziwa emanzini.

Ukuze wenze lokhu, izingcezu eziphathisiwe zibekwa ezitsheni ezinamanzi futhi, ngemuva kokuvela kwezimpande, zidluliselwa zingxube zenhlabathi. Lesi yisikhathi esicindezela kakhulu ama-majira asemasha, ngakho-ke, enkathini enjalo, imbali kufanele inikeze izimo ezilungile zokuhluma.

Ukukhula pachira kusuka imbewu

Ukusakazwa kwembewu kwenziwa ngale ndlela elandelayo: esikhwameni esivalwe kufakwa isigaxa esidwetshisiwe nesigcotshwe ungqimba olungamasentimitha angama-2-3. Ukusuka phezulu sibeka imbewu yezimbali, embozwe ngenye ingqimba ye-moss ngaphezulu. Njengoba izinga lokuhluma kwezinhlamvu ze -iraira lingamaphesenti angama-30- 40, kufanelekile ukulungiselela amaphakheji anjalo angama-4-5 ukuze uqinisekise umphumela oyifunayo.

Izimo zokumila kwembewu kaPachira:

• lokushisa komoya ama-degree angama-25
• ukukhanya okulahlekile
• emanzi hhayi emanzi moss sphagnum
• umswakama wekamelo - amaphesenti angama-80
• ukukhipha umoya kaninginingi ngosuku.

Izinhlayiya ezihluma kanye nemoss zitshalwa emhlabathini kanye nesonto lokuqala lokuhluma kwesitshalo zigcina izinga lokushisa lomoya liphakeme. Ngenyanga, lapho kukhona intuthuko esebenzayo, kungenzeka ukuthi wenze ukugqokwa kokuqala okuphezulu kwe-majira.

Izifo Nezinambuzane

• Amacembe kaPahira aphenduka aphuzi ngokuntuleka okukhulu kwezakhamzimba nezinto zomkhondo.
• Amahlamvu ayawa lapho isitshalo siseduze kakhulu nezinhlelo zokushisa, izinto zokushisa.
• UPahira ushiya anyamalale nokuntuleka okukhulu komswakama.
• UPahira ushiya ubala aphele ngokukhanya okuphansi. Kungcono ukunikeza isitshalo ukufinyelela elangeni elithambile noma kusihlwa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngokukhanya ngokweqile - kuvela amabala emafwini amaqabira, okubonisa ukuthi kukhona ukushiswa yilanga kuleso sitshalo. Ezinkathini ezipholile, emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kuka-15, amaqabunga athambile. Imbali ifinyelela ngokushesha okukhulu emazingeni okushisa aphansi ngokubabazeka futhi okubhalwe njalo - amaqabunga asontekile. Isibonakaliso esesabisa kakhulu sokuthi isitshalo siyafa iqiniso lokuthi amaqabunga amnyama mnyama futhi awele yi-eshira.
• UPahira welula esimweni esisodwa kuphela - lapho ihlala emthunzini futhi ingenawo imisebe yelanga eqondile. Izifo ezisele zesitshalo zihambisana nokuvela kwezinambuzane, njengama-thrips, izinambuzane ezikalwa ngezikali, ama-aphid kanye nezindawo zesigcawu. Kepha, njengomthetho, lokhu kuyivelakancane futhi ngokunakekelwa okufanele isitshalo asihlushwa amagciwane.

Izinhlobo ze-okuzira ezenziwe ekhaya ngezithombe namagama

I-Pachira aquatica, yasemanzini (Pachira aquatica)

Ungowomndeni we-malvaceae, unamaqabunga aluhlaza abushelelezi kuma-oblong petioles nama-inflorescence angama-30 cm ubude, kufana nokuthuka. Le mbali inikeza ukunambitheka kwe-vanilla bese kuthi kamuva kwakhiwa izithelo eziluhlaza ezivela e-ovary, ngaphakathi kuzo kuze kufinyelele kumantongomane angama-20 ambozwe ngethanga eliminyene. Lezi zinhlamvu, kanye namaqabunga namagxolo ezihlahla asetshenziswa ekuphekeni nasekwelapheni izifo ezithile

UPachira osondelana nendondo

Uhlobo lwesitshalo olungandile. Isici esiyingqayizivele ukwakheka kwamaqabunga ngokungajwayelekile. Amahlumela ale imbali endle asakazeka emhlabathini, ngoba ekhaya angatshalwa ngokulengiswa kwezimbiza zezimbali nezimbotshana zezimbali.

Isiliva pachira

Ihlukahluka nge-sakchira yamanzi ethandwa kakhulu, kuphela ngephethini yasekuqaleni emacembe ngesimo semicu eminingi-yesiliva.