Ukunambitheka okuvelele nokuvunwa okuphezulu - amazambane "i-Ilinsky": incazelo yezinto ezihlukahlukene, izici, izithombe

Uma ukhetha izinhlobo zakuqala zamazambane, qaphela i-Ilinsky.

Kuyabaluleka kakhulu ngabalimi ngenxa yokuvunwa okuqinile, ukunambitheka okuhle kakhulu kanye nekhwalithi enhle yezohwebo.

Incazelo eningiliziwe yezihlukahlukene, izici zayo eziyinhloko nezici zokulima zingatholakala kulesi sihloko.

Uzofunda nokuthi iziphi izifo ezithintekayo futhi zithinteka yizinambuzane.

Amazambane incazelo ehlukahlukene ye-Ilyinsky

U-Ilyinsky ungowokuqala kwezinhlobo zama-mbatata, ngoba kuthatha izinsuku ezingu-70 kuya kwezingu-90 kusukela ekuhlumeni kuya ekuvuthweni kwezobuchwepheshe. Yayibhaliswa kwiRejista Yombuso yenhlangano yaseRussia e-Central Black Soil Region, futhi yasakazwa nase-Ukraine naseMoldova. Kusuka ku-hektha elilodwa lokutshala, ngokuvamile kusukela ku-180 kuya kwezingu-350 abantu abathintekayo bamazambane anjalo bavuna.

Etafuleni elingezansi ungajwayela izinkomba ezifana nekhwalithi nokukhiqizwa kwamazambane ezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukene:

Ilyinsky amazambane agcinwa kahle. Ukwaziswa okuningiliziwe ngesikhathi nokushisa, ngezinkinga ezingenzeka kunomuntu ngamunye wesayithi. Futhi mayelana nokuthi ungagcina kanjani izimpande ebusika, ezitsheni, ebhaleni, esiqandisini, ehlutshiwe.

Kuleli banga elibhekwa ukunambitheka okuhle. Inenhloso yetafula, ibekezelela isomiso namazinga aphezulu okushisa. Kuyadingeka ukuba ukhule lo mifino endaweni evulekile. Iningi elifanelekayo kuye yimihlabathi lapho utshani obungapheli noma unyaka nonyaka, izitshalo zasebusika nezitshalo, futhi i-flax ikhulile. Ungatshala amazambane anjalo emhlabathini onesihlabathi, lapho i-lupine yayikhule khona.

Lokhu kubonisa ukumelana nokulimala okukhulu kanye nomdlavuza wezambane, kodwa-ke, ubangelwa ukulimala okwesikhashana futhi i-golden potato cyst nematode.

Izinhlobo ze-Shrubs I-Ilinsky ihlukile ngokuphakama okulinganiselwe. Lezi zitshalo eziqondile eziqondile zimbozwa ngamaqabunga aluhlaza okwesilinganiso esiphakathi okungaba namaphethelo amancane noma amancane. Ngoba lezi zitshalo zibhekwa ngama-inflorescences amancane kanye ne-corollas enemibala enombala obomvu obomvu. Izitshalo zezimpande zalezi zinhlobo zamazambane zifana ne-oval. Ihlanganiswe ngesikhumba esibomvu esibushelelezi, ngaphansi kwayo kukhona inyama emhlophe.

Ngoba lezi zitshalo izimpande zibhekene nokujula kokujwayelekile kwamehlo. Isisindo sesilinganiso se-tuber sisuka kuma-54 kuya kwangu-158 amagremu, kanti okuqukethwe okomashi okukuyo kufike ku-15.7-18.0%. Inombolo yezilimo eziyizigaxa ehlathini - ama-8-13 ama-pcs.

Ungaqhathanisa lesi sibalo ngokufana nezinye izinhlobo usebenzisa ithebula elingezansi:

Imvelaphi nezici zokukhula

Ama-potato e-Ilinsky azalwa eRussia ngo-1999. Ukutshala amazambane u-Ilinsky uvame ukuqhutshwa ngoMeyi. Ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo kufanele libe ngamasentimitha angama-60, futhi phakathi kwemigqa - amasentimitha angu-35. Inhlabathi kumele igcinwe ingavamile futhi ukhula lukhutshwe. Ukuvimbela ukubonakala kwabo, i-mulching ingasetshenziswa.

Mayelana nendlela yokuhlela ukuchelela okufanele futhi ukhiqize amazambane amakhulu, funda ama-athikili ngabanye.

I-agrotechnology yamazambane nezindlela zokuthola isivuno esihle singahluka kakhulu.

Esizindeni sethu uzothola izinto eziningi ezithakazelisayo ngamazambane akhulayo. Kubandakanya izindlela ezinjalo: ezikhwameni nasemiphongolweni, ngaphansi komshini kanye namabhokisi, kanye nakho konke ngobuchwepheshe beDutch.

Funda futhi mayelana nokuthola isitshalo ngaphandle kokusilahla nokukhuphuka, mayelana nokuthi ungahlwanyela kanjani izinhlobo zakudala nokuthi ungayenza kanjani kusuka kumbewu.

Isithombe

Bheka isithombe: imbewu yamazambane i-Ilinsky

Izifo nezinambuzane

I-Potato cultivar I-Ilinsky ihlaselwa izifo ezifana nokulimala okuphelile futhi i-cyst nematode yegolide. Izimpawu eziyinhloko zokulimala okuphelile zikhona izindawo ezimnyama ezivele zivele emaqabunga, bese kuzo zonke ezinye izingxenye zesitshalo.

Lesi sifo asikwazi ukuphulukiswa, kodwa singavinjelwa ngokusebenzisa ukuchithwa kokuvikela kwezitshalo ngesisombululo se-vitriol eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, i-sulphate yethusi, i-manganese noma i-Bordeaux ingxube. Uma amazambane sele esulelekile, izidakamizwa ezifana ne-Oxyhom, i-Ridomil Gold MC ne-Ridomil MC zizosiza ukubambezela ukusabalala kwesibindi esibucayi.

Izimpawu ezisemqoka zokusabalala kwe-nematode yamazambane zibandakanya ukukhula okuncane okutshala, ukomisa nokuphuza amaqabunga aphansi. Izilimo eziyizigaxa ziba mncane, futhi uhlelo lwempande lunokubonakala okubonakalayo. Ukulwa nale nkathazo, ungasebenzisa izidakamizwa ezifana ne-Thunderbolt 1, i-Thunderbolt 2 ne-Medvedtox U.

Funda futhi mayelana nezifo ezinjalo zeSolanaceae, njenge-Alternaria, i-Fusarium, i-Verticillis, isikhala.

Amazambane Ilyinsky ubhekisela esikhathini esiqinisekisiwe izinhlobo ezinokwethenjelwa futhi unomusa kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi basekhaya, naphakathi kwabalimi bemifino eseduze kwamanye amazwe. Kungatshalwa kokubili kokudayiswa nokusetshenziswa komuntu siqu.

Ukuphendula kumanyolo. Esizindeni sethu uzothola ulwazi oluningiliziwe lokuthi ungadla kanjani amazambane, nini futhi kanjani ukusebenzisa umanyolo, ukuthi ungayenza kanjani uma utshala.

Ukwengeza kumanyolo ekutshalweni kwamazambane kuvame ukusetshenziswa, nezinye izidakamizwa namakhemikhali.

Sinikeza isihloko esiwusizo ngezinzuzo nezingozi ze-fungicides kanye nokubulala imithi.

Ngezansi kwetafula uzothola izixhumanisi ezakhiwe ngamazambane ngezimiso zokuvuthwa ezahlukene: