Amazambane aseMelika-ahlolwe isikhathi: incazelo ehlukahlukene, isithombe, ukuhlukaniswa kwemifanekiso

Amazambane aseMelika yizinto ezihlukahlukene ezithakazelisayo kakhulu eziye zathola ukuqashelwa kwabalimi-abalimi nabalimi-abashishini.

Amazambane ahlonishwa ngombala wazo omuhle wezilimo eziyizigaxa ezinkulu, uginindela obucayi, okuqukethwe okunomsoco ophezulu ngokuqukethwe okukodwa kwe-caloric. Ukunakekela izihlahla akuyona inkimbinkimbi, futhi isivuno sijabulisa ngisho nabaqalayo.

Funda esihlokweni sethu incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo, ujwayele izici zamazambane, funda isithombe saso, ufunde konke mayelana nokuqhuma kwezifo kanye nezici zokulima.

Incazelo yaseMelika yamazambane ehlukahlukene

• Izilimo eziyizigaxa zilinganisela ngokweqile, zilinganisa kusuka ku-80 kuya ku-110 g;
• umumo ojulekile-oval, kancane flattened;
• Izilimo eziyizigaxa ezihle zihambisana nesisindo nosayizi;
• i-peel i-pink, i-monophonic, ilula, ihamba kahle;
• ngokuyisisekelo, ezincane, amehlo amaningi;
• i-pulp ekunqunyeni imhlophe, ukwakhiwa kwe-purple violet-pink pigment ring kungenzeka;
• okuqukethwe okunamathemikhali, okungaphansi kuka-15%;
• okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwamaprotheni, ama-amino acids, amavithamini.

Izimpawu zamazambane

I-Potato American ibhekisela egumbini lokudlela, eliphakathi. Izilimo eziyizigaxa zikhula kahle, izihlahla zikhula ngokushesha. Izinhlobonhlobo zikhetha isimo sezulu esifudumele futhi umswakama ovamilekodwa uyakwazi ukubekezelela ukushisa okwesikhashana nesomiso.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nendlela yokutshala amazambane, nini futhi kanjani ukondla, ukuthi ungayenza kanjani uma utshala.

Etafuleni elingezansi ungajwayela izinkomba ezifana nekhwalithi nokukhiqizwa kwamazambane ezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukene:

Ukuvuna kahle kugcinwe, ukuhamba kungenzeka.

Ibanga elide, lime, lihlelwe ngokulinganisela. Ukwakhiwa kwe-green mass kuningi. Amahlamvu anesisindo esiphakathi, ahlukumezeka kancane, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, aluhlaza. I-corolla yakhiwe ngezimbali ezinkulu ezimhlophe. Amajikijolo awakhiwe.

Uhluma ngezilimo eziyizigaxa kukhona obomvu obugqamile. Uhlelo lwempande lusethuthukile kahle, izilimo eziyizigaxa eziyi-10-15 ezikhethiwe zakhiwa ngaphansi kwesihlahla ngasinye. Izinto ezingaphenduliwe kancane.

Ungaqhathanisa lesi sibalo ngokufana nezinye izinhlobo usebenzisa ithebula elingezansi:

Amazambane singandisa izingxenye ngabanye ngamehlo, okugcina izinto zokutshala. Izintandokazi ezihlukahlukene inhlabathi elula okunomsoco, esekelwe i-chernozem noma isihlabathi, ukuthambisa okulinganiselayo kanye nezindleko eziphilayo noma zamaminerali kunconywa.

Izilimo eziyizigaxa zinomdlavuza omnandi kakhulu: zithobekile, zilinganisela, azimele futhi zingabi ngamanzi. Umthamo ophezulu we-starch wenza amazambane afaneleke ekwenzeni amazambane ahlambulukile, udoti, abilayo.

Ukwenza amafrimu aseFrance akufanelekile. Lapho usika amazambane ungabi mnyama, i-pulp igcina umbala omhlophe ushukela.

Isithombe

Isithombe sibonisa i-American amazambane ehlukahlukene:

Umsuka

I-American - igama elidumile lezinhlobonhlobo zakudala i-Early Rose, eyalwe ngo-1861 ngabalimi base-United States. ERussia, lezi zinhlobonhlobo zaziwa ekupheleni kwekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye, zahlolwa futhi zahlongozwa ukulima.

Ngemuva kokuguqulwa, amazambane anconywa ukulima emapulazini ahlangene nabezwe, wabonisa isivuno esikhulu kanye nokuzithoba. I-Voronezh, iPenza, iKursk, izifunda zaseTomsk zithunyelwa ngokuphumelelayo kwezinye izindawo.

Namuhla, lezi zinhlobonhlobo zisatshalaliswa ngokukhululekile phakathi kwabalimi be-amateur, zikhulile emapulazini nasezinkampanini zezimboni. Large, ngisho nezilimo eziyizigaxa eside egcinwe futhi efanelekile ukudayiswa.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nokugcinwa kwamazambane: isikhathi nokushisa, izinkinga ezikhona. Futhi nokuthi ungagcina kanjani izimpande ebusika, ebhaleni, esiqandisini, kumabhilidi, ehlutshiwe.

Amandla nobuthakathaka

Kuyinhloko ukufaneleka kwezihlukahlukene faka:

• ukunambitheka kakhulu kwezimpande izitshalo;
• izinga elihle lomkhiqizo;
• isivuno sigcinwa isikhathi eside;
• ukubekezelelana kwesomiso;
• ukunakekelwa okungazenzisi;
• Imbewu yezinto eziphilayo ayihlali phansi;
• ukumelana nezifo eziningi.

Ukungalungi okuhlukahlukene akukhonjisiwe. Inkinga ingase ibe ukukhungatheka kokulimaza okuphelile, nokuhlaselwa njalo kwezinambuzane ezinambuzane kulethe inkathazo.

Izici zokukhula

Amazambane ebanga laseMelika Kungcono ukwandisa ngamehlo. Izilimo eziyizigaxa ezincane ezikhethiwe zicutshungulwa nge-stimulator yokukhula bese zihlukaniswa ngamagceke nommese ongasetshenziswa. Ukutshala kwenziwa lapho inhlabathi ifudumele ngokwanele. Emhlabathini obandayo, amehlo ahlume angase aphule.

Umhlabathi kufanele ube obala, unomsoco. Ngaphambi kokutshala kuhlanganiswe nama-humus noma i-peat. Phakathi nokuhlanganiswa kwezilimo eziyizigaxa, kunconywa ukuba izimpande zondla nge-mullein ehlanjululwe noma umanyolo we-mineral-based based.

Izihlahla zidinga ukuhlanganisa okungenani izikhathi ezimbili ngonyaka. Ukhula lukhipha ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ukuze ugcine izinga elijwayelekile lomswakama emkhatsini wemigqa kungaba semanki. Ukunisela kokunciphisa okunconywayo. Uma inhlangano yakhe ingenakwenzeka, ukutshala izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ngomnyaka ngamunye kuphuziswa ngesandla, inhlabathi ingena okungenani ngama-50 cm.

Ukuhlwanyela okulandelayo, izilimo eziyizigaxa ezikhethiwe ziyadingeka ezihlahleni eziqine kakhulu, ezithembisayo kakhulu ezingazange zithole. Ngesikhathi sokulima, ziphawulwe ngamabhande, emva kokumba, imbewu yezilimo eziyizigaxa zihlungwa, zomile futhi zigcinwe ngokwehlukana.

Indlela yokutshala amazambane ngaphandle kwe-hilling ne-weeding, funda lapha.

Ukwengeza kumanyolo ekutshalweni kwamazambane kuvame ukusetshenziswa, nezinye izidakamizwa namakhemikhali.

Sinikeza isihloko esiwusizo ngezinzuzo nezingozi ze-fungicides kanye nokubulala imithi.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Amazambane ahlukahlukene aseMelika aphikisana nezifo eziningi eziyingozi: amagciwane, umdlavuza wamazambane, isikhumba. Mhlawumbe ukunqotshwa kokulimaza. Ukuze kuvikelwe, izihlahla ziphathwa ngamalungiselelo enethusi. Ukuze izitshalo zingaguli ngomlenze omnyama, inhlabathi ihlanganiswe ngotshani noma utshani obunamanzi.

Funda futhi nge-Alternaria, Fusarium ne-Verticillium wilt.

Emgwaqweni ophakathi, izihlahla zingathinteka ngama-aphid, izibungu zesicabucabu, ama-Colorado ezigodini. Ukuvimbela kunconywa ukuchithwa kwangaphambili komhlabathi ngezinhlayiya ze-disinfectant kanye nokwelashwa kwezilimo eziyizigaxa.

Izitshalo ezithintekayo ziphathwa ngezinambuzane. Ukuze izilimo eziyizigaxa zingathinteki yi-wireworm, kubalulekile ukushintsha ngezikhathi ezithile amasimu okutshala. Imifino, utshani, iklabishi izakuba yiziphephelo ezinhle zamazambane.

Amazambane aseMelika ahlolwe izizukulwane eziningi; ezihlukahlukene ezingezona ezishintshayo. Imbewu yembewu yokutshala okulandelayo iqoqwe ngokuzimela. Izilimo eziyizigaxa zihlwabusayo, zifanele ukudayiswa noma ukusetshenziswa komuntu siqu.

Futhi amazwi ambalwa mayelana nokutshala amazambane, kodwa kunalokho ngezindlela. Funda izinto zokwaziswa okuningiliziwe mayelana nobuchwepheshe beDutch, izinhlobo zokuqala, izindlela ezingaphansi komshini, ezikhwameni, emabhokisini nasemakethe. Futhi futhi ngamaphi amazwe emhlabeni akhula amazambane amaningi.

Ngezansi kwetafula uzothola izixhumanisi ezakhiwe ngamazambane ngezimiso zokuvuthwa ezahlukene: