Ufuna ukuba ne-izaqathe okumnandi esitokisini yonke ibusika - izinhlobo ezinhle nezindlela zokuzigcina. Indlela yokunciphisa imifino?

Lesi sihloko sizosiza ukuqonda inqubo yokugcina izaqathe ebusika. Indlela yokulungisa ngendlela efanele imifino ukuze ifike kuze kube sehlobo, ukuyisika futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo igcine ukunambitheka kwayo.

Phela, izaqathe ziyisitshalo esingenasisekelo. Ukuze ulondoloze, kufanele ufunde izimfihlakalo zalesi sitshalo esiyingqayizivele futhi esiwusizo ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukusika futhi ubeke imifino kwisitoreji.

Emithethweni yezindlela zokusika nokugcina, sichaza ngokuningiliziwe esihlokweni sethu. Ungabuye ubuke ividiyo ewusizo ngalesi sihloko.

Okukhethekile kwezakhiwo zemifino

Ngeziqathe, amaphesenti amanzi aphezulu-kufika ku-80%. Ngakho-ke, noma yimuphi umphumela omubi - umswakama kakhulu, omanzi noma omile endaweni yendawo yokugcina - ayilungile. Umswakama ovela ezimpandeni zezitshalo uphuma futhi izaqathe ziyoma.

I-microclimate ezindaweni zokugcina kufanele ibe njalo: ngaphandle kokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa nokushintsha okungazelelwe emanzini. Izaqathe zizogcinwa kahle futhi zithengiswe uma izimo ezifanele zenziwa:

1. Qaphela izinga lokushisa lokugcina elidlula okungenani 2 ° C.
2. Nikeza umoya wokuphuza umoya. Ungenzi ama-drafts.
3. Umswakama kufanele ube phezulu, hhayi ngaphansi kwezingu-90%.

Ama-karoti ayogcinwa ngokuphepha uma umoya wokufakelwa emoyeni udala endaweni yokugcina nokugcina izinga lokushisa nomswakama.

Ukukhetha ibanga elifanele

Ukukhetha ibanga elifanele lokugcina isitoreji eside kuyimfuneko ebalulekile yokuphumelela.. Kumele kube nokuphakama okukhulu, kungenasifo, futhi ngaphandle kokulimala komshini.

Kunconywa ukuthi ungasebenzisi izinhlobo zempande zakuqala amabhukumaka ebusika. Umswakama kubo uphuthuma ngokushesha, kungcono ukuwasebenzisa. Kodwa, uma ihlobo lincane futhi liza, izinhlobo zezinhlobo zezinhlobo ezizayo azivuli ngokugcwele, aziqongeleli ushukela kanye ne-fiber, okusho ukuthi izinga lokugcina liphansi.

Uma ukuthenga imbewu kufanele uqaphele izici ezilandelayo ezihlukahlukene:

• isithelo kumele sibe nesimo esifanele;
• babe nezithelo eziphakeme;
• qhubeka kahle.

Kunconywa ukuthi isitoreji sikhule noma sithenge izinhlobo ezilandelayo zeqathe:

• Ubusika baseMoscow. Ukwehla okuphezulu, ngokuvuthwa okujwayelekile kokuguga, kungagcinwa kuze kube unyaka.
• Shantane. Ibonisa izinkathi eziphakathi nonyaka kanye nezinhlobo eziphezulu zokuvumela. Imifino iyamanzi, enomusa omuhle futhi iphunga elimnandi. Ukuphila kweShelf kungaba izinyanga ezingu-10.
• Nantes. Izinhlobonhlobo zakuqala, kodwa ngokuhambisana nemibandela yokugcina kusuka ezinyangeni ezingu-8 kuya kwezi-10. Kunomusa omuhle kakhulu.

Izinhlobo ezilandelayo nazo zibonakala ngezinga eliphakeme lokugcina:

1. I-Forto.
2. Vita Long
3. Indlovukazi yasekwindla.
4. Karlen.
5. I-Vitamin 6.
6. Samson Cascade.
7. I-Nigel

Kuyini ukusika futhi kungani kuyadingeka?

Izihlahla zokutshala izimpande - inqubo yokususa iziqongo zemifino. Kuyasiza ukulondoloza izakhi ezinqotweni, ukuyeka ukubola, ukomisa futhi, ngenxa yalokho, kudla yonke isitshalo.

Lesi sitshalo sishiye empande, ngokushesha siqala ukukhula ngenkuthalo, ukuthatha amanzi kanye nezici ezilandelanayo eziwusizo ezivela emifino. Ngakho-ke, le nqubo iyadingeka.

Lapho usika izaqathe, kuyadingeka ukucabangela impilo yeshalofu:

• kuze kube izinyanga ezingu-3-4 - eziqongweni zihlungwa 2-3 cm ngaphezulu kwekhanda le-fetus;
• kuze kube yizinyanga ezingu-10-12 - eziqongweni zinqunywe ikhanda lemifino 2 noma 3 amasentimitha, ngakho-ke imifino ilungiselelwe ukugcina isikhathi eside.

Lapho izihlahla zijulile, ngokuthunjwa kwengxenye yemifino, inqubo yokuhluma isithelo iyanqamuka. Ngakho-ke, zihlala zimanzi, ukunambitheka kwazo kugcinwa. Uma isanqante ihloselwe imbewu, khona-ke ingxenye eluhlaza yesitshalo inqunywa, ishiya 2 cm.

Ngidinga ukwenza izihlahla, uma ugcina imifino emiphongolweni?

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubuchwepheshe bokugcina - nge izaqathe kudinga ukusika iziqongo. Ukuze igcinwe emiphongolweni, le nqubo iyadingeka! Ummese kumele ube okhaliphile kakhulu ukuze kungabikho i-hemp noma i-cuttings ehlala kwi-izaqathe. Emiphongolweni, le isanqante ngeke ikwazi ukuhluma, okusho ukuthi izogcina ukunambitheka kwayo kanye nezakhiwo ezizuzisayo.

Imiyalo eningiliziwe yokwenza lokhu.

Ngokushesha emva kokuvuna izaqathe, ngosuku olufanayo, lume futhi udinga ukuqala ukusika izimo zezulu ezishisayo, ezishisayo. Ukusika izaqathe ngokunembile inqubo ebaluleke kakhulu, ekugcineni inquma ukuthi yonke isitshalo igcinwa. Ngezinye izikhathi kunconywa ukususa iziqongo ngaphambi kokuvuna. Kodwa kulokhu kuyoba nzima ukudonsa imifino emhlabathini.

Ungasusi iziqongo ngokudubula, ukudiliza noma ukuphula.. Kungalimaza imifino yezimpande.

Sizochaza ngokuningiliziwe inqubo yesanqante efanelekile:

1. Udinga ukusika ummese noma isisi kahle, ngakho-ke ukuthi zibukhali ngangokunokwenzeka.
2. Njengoba isanqante iyimifino enobungozi, ingahle iphule uma inganaki. Ngakho-ke, ukusika kungenziwa ngezigaba ezimbili: okokuqala udinga ukususa amaqabunga ezimpandeni.
3. Bese usika iziqongo. Ungayinqamula kanjani? Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngokuthatha amentimitha ambalwa empande. Kungakanani isamba esingaphansi kwesihloko semifino kuncike enjongweni yokugcina.
4. Ngezinye izikhathi izikhumba zisetshenziselwa ukusika okusha ngemiphumela ethembekile.
5. Qinisekisa ukuthi ayikho amaphuzu akhulayo noma i-hemp endaweni yokusika.
6. Gcwalisa izimpande endaweni epholile, eyomile, enomoya omuhle. Linda kuze kube yilapho ubhekiswe phezu kwemifino ngayinye ngeke uhudule nge-crust eyomile.
7. Ngemuva kwalokho, uphinda ubuyekeze isivuno kanye nokhula ngaphandle kwezimpande ezimnyama noma ezifakiwe.
8. Thatha izaqathe zesitoreji.

Izindlela zokulondoloza

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zokuphumelela eziqinisekisiwe eziqinisekisiwe zokugcinwa kwekhwalithi eqoshiwe.

Amabhokisi ensimbi noma eplastiki engaphansi

Amabhokisi kumele afakwe kuseduze kunama-15-20 cm kusuka kudonga lwesitoreji, ngenxa yokungabi namanzi okungenzeka. Kungcono ukufaka ibhokisi elinemifino yezimpande endaweni noma ishalofu.

Ibhodi: Umthamo wesitsha kufanele uthathwe ngesilinganiso esingu-15-20 kg wezimpande izitshalo ngasinye.

Izinhlobo zokugcwalisa emabhokisini:

• Sand. Inhlabathi isilondoloze ukunambitheka kwama-izaqathe, okunye okugcwalisa kakhulu. Isihlabathi kufanele sithathwe kancane: ngenxa yalokhu, ilitha lamanzi nje alanele ibhakede lesanti. Thela isendlalelo lesitshalo sokuqala mayelana no-5 cm ubukhulu phansi kwe-tank, bese ubeka izaqathe. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubeka ngendlela yokuthi kukhona isikhala samahhala phakathi kwezimpande. Vala izaqathe ngesihlabathi, bese ubeka ungqimba wesanti njalo njalo phezulu kwethangi.
• Ubumba lobumba. Kuyinto ephumelelayo kakhulu ukugcina izimpande izitshalo ngobumba olusele emgodini ophansi noma emgodini. Kufanelekile kulawo masango lapho izaqathe zibola futhi zingalondolozwa kahle. Nciphisa ubumba ngamanzi, ubukhulu kufanele buhudule. Isitshalo ngasinye sesitshalo "sigeza" esimweni sobumba, bese soma. Fold ebhokisini eliphekwe.
• I-Sawdust. Kungcono ukuthatha izihlahla ze-sawdust coniferous. I-phenol equkethwe kulesi sihloko ivikela isanqante ekuthelelekeni ngokubola nezinye izifo. Izitshalo zomsuka zifakwa emabhokisini bese zithelwe nge-sawdust ngendlela efanayo nokusebenzisa isihlabathi, ukushintsha okunye.
• Umgodi wamanzi. Le ndlela ifana kakhulu nendawo lapho kusetshenziselwa khona ubumba oludakayo. Izimpande ngayinye zigcotshiwe kukiki eliphekiwe liketshezi. Ngemuva kokumiswa, ngobumnene phinda isanqante esitsheni.
• Moss. Ama-karoti awagezi, ayomile, amanga phakathi nosuku, kodwa hhayi elangeni. Indawo kufanele ibe epholile futhi eyomile. I-Sphagnum moss (peat) ukuze ubeke phansi ebhokisini. Khona-ke, ukushintshanisa izendlalelo ezifana nesihlabathi noma i-sawdust, gcwalisa isitsha sonke nge izaqathe kanye ne-moss.

Buka ividiyo ukuthi ungagcina kanjani izaqathe:

Izikhwama ze-Polyethylene

Lapho ugcina izaqathe ezinkwameni, ungakhetha izitsha kwanoma yisiphi isayizi, kodwa kufika ku-25-30 kg. Kungcono ukusebenzisa amaphakheji amancane, eyenzelwe 1.5-2 kg, ukwenza kube lula ukuthutha nokubona umonakalo phakathi kwemifino yezimpande.

Imifino yezimpande ezilungiselelwe ngaphambilini zigcwele izikhwama eziqinile, zitholwa phansi noma zifakwa egumbini lokugcina elipholile nelomile. Kubalulekile ukufaka amaphakheji emashalofini noma ukuma okukhethekile.

Amaphakheji akufanele avaliwe, noma izimbobo eziningi ezincane kufanele zenziwe phansi.. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze umoya we-ventilation ube khona ukuze i-condensate ingatholi ngaphakathi kwesikhwama. Uma, noma kunjalo, i-condensate ikhuphuka, kungenzeka ukuthi isakaze izinto ezithinta umswakama.

Izinzuzo zale ndlela:

• high air umswakama emasakeni;
• ukuhlanzeka kwezimpande izitshalo ngesikhathi sokugcina;
• ukuvikeleka kumagundane;
• ngokubeka izikhwama ezifanele kunoma iyiphi indawo ekamelweni noma emakamelweni.

Kodwa ngale ndlela yokugcina ilahlekelwe ingxenye ye ukunambitheka kwamaqathe.

Buka ividiyo mayelana nokugcina izaqathe emasakeni epulasitiki:

Epanini noma embizeni

Enye yezindlela zokugcina ukuthi izimpande ezilungiselelwe zifakwa ezimbizeni zama-koqweqwe lwawo noma ama-aluminium amathini. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izimpande ezitshalweni ezitsheni zifakwa ngokuqondile.. Isembozo sibekwe phezulu. Le ndlela ifanele amakamelo apholile.

Indlela elula kakhulu

Indlela esiphuthumayo. Ama-karoti athululelwa phansi emiphongolweni noma engaphansi. Ngalendlela, isivuno sisengozini yokudliwa ngamagundane. Esigodini esinjalo sezimpande singashesha ngokushesha.

Kuye ngokuthi yibuphi ubuchwepheshe obukhethiwe, impilo yesheluthi iyashintsha:

• "Ihembe" noma ubumba "ihembe" lizohlala isikhathi eside kunazo zonke - phakathi nonyaka;
• eziqukathi lapho isanti, i-sawdust, i-anyanisi ikhasi lichitheka - kungabi ngaphezu kwezinyanga ezingu-8;
• bathululelwe phansi noma emabhokisini ngaphandle kwezigcawu - kuze kube izinyanga eziyisithupha;
• iphakethe emasakeni e-polyethylene, izikhwama zepulasitiki - zingekho izinyanga eziyisithupha.

Izinkinga ezingenzeka

Izaqathe ngesikhathi sokugcina ingaba, zilahlekelwa ukunambitheka, zinciphise isisindo, zilahlekelwe izinga lokuhweba. Udinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lokhu akukwenzeki. Ukuze wenze lokhu, thatha izinyathelo ezidingekayo:

• qinisekisa ukuthi umswakama awuqhumeki;
• ukugcina ukushisa okuqhubekayo;
• unikeze umoya omuhle kanye nokushintshanisa umoya endaweni;
• thinta njalo futhi uhlole izimpande;
• ususe izithelo ezimele, ikakhulukazi labo abathintekayo ngokubola;
• emifinini enqatshiwe, ususe indawo yokubola futhi uphathe bonke abanye besebenzisa isisombululo se-lime noma i-choki.

Amathiphu engeziwe kanye nezixwayiso

Nazi ezinye amathiphu nezixwayiso zokugcina izaqathe.:

1. Kubaluleke kakhulu esiteji lapho kuvuna kwenzeka, ukwenqaba zonke izimpande ezilimaziwe. Ikhwalithi yokugcina eliphezulu iboniswa kuphela ezinhlobonhlobo ezivuthiwe nezinempilo.
2. Ukuze uvimbele imifucumfucu ezinqoleni, ezinciphisa impilo yokulala, akukhuthazwa emva kokumba ukugubha phansi imifino ngokujulile bese uyiphonsa.
3. Ngemuva kokusika iziqongo zamaqathi, qiniseka ukuthi ulinde kuze kube yilapho isiqunu soma futhi siboshwe nge-crust.
4. Udinga ukomisa izaqathe hhayi kuphela, kepha futhi nokulondoloza. Kufanele kube epholile futhi eyomile.
5. Uma esingaphansi kukhona usongo lokuqothula imifino, ungakwazi ukugoqa izitsha nge izaqathe nganoma yiziphi izinto zokuvikela.
6. Ama-karoti kufanele ahlukaniswe nelanga eliqondile. Kubalulekile ukuqapha umswakama ekamelweni ukuze kulungile.
7. Kubalulekile ukwenza ngokuvumelana nesimiso: okuncane izithelo, ngokushesha kuvunyelwe ukucubungula. Imifino emikhulu, emikhulu ingasetshenziswa kangcono.
8. Uma uthola izaqathe ngokubola, ungathinti izimpande. Susa ngokucophelela izithelo ezithathelwanayo bese uphefaza le ndawo nge-lime-fluff ukuqeda umthombo wokutheleleka.

Kubalulekile: Omakhelwane abangenakufaneleka izaqathe kukhona ama-apula. I-ethylene ekhishwe izithelo inomthelela omubi ukunambitheka kwempande.

Emva kokubukeza izindlela zokugcina kanye nenqubo yokusika iziqathe, umlimi ngamunye akakwazi ukutshala isivuno esihle kuphela, kodwa futhi asebenzise umphumela womsebenzi wakhe. Imifino egcinwe kahle ingumthombo wamavithamini nokudla okumnandi kwetafula lasebusika.