I-holly magonia ingeyohlobo lweMagonia emndenini wakwaBarberry. Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo lesi sitshalo yizifunda zasentshonalanga ze-United States. Yasakazekela eYurophu nakwezinye izingxenye zomhlaba maphakathi nekhulu le-19. Ngokungafani ne-barberry, azinameva ku-mahonia, ngakho-ke yayitshalwa ngesifiso esikhulu. Isitshalo esinjalo somhlaba wonke asidingi ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela. Ngempela kuyisipho kumuntu esivela emvelweni. Izihlahlana eziphansi ezingasoze zabuna zihlobisa kahle ingadi ngamathanga aluhlaza nezimbali ezinamakha. Ekwindla, ama-mahogany ajabule ngokuvunwa kwamajikijolo, asetshenziswa kabanzi ekuphekeni nasemithini yendabuko.
Incazelo yeBotanical
I-mahogany engenalutho iyi-shrubling shrubling ephakeme cishe ngamamitha ayi-1. Izimpande eziqondile, ezinamahlamvu zinesigcawu esiyindilinga sobubanzi obuncane. Amagatsha embozwe ngegxolo elibomvu-grey bushelelezi. Ngominyaka, ithola umbala onsundu-grey kanye nemifantu.
Ngalo lonke ubude begatsha kukhona imibala eyinkimbinkimbi, yepineyini enamapuleti amaqabunga angama-5-9. Ubude bamaqabunga ama-oval ngamanye buyi-15-20 cm.Pehleni eluhlaza okotshani sihlukanisa iphethini yemithambo yokukhululeka. Ingemuva linokukhanya okulula, okuphezulu kwe-matte. Emaphethelweni amaqabunga, kuyabonakala izinto zokuphumula ezincane namazinyo.
Ngo-Ephreli-Meyi, ukuqhakaza kwe-mahonia kwenzeka. Ama-panoresle inflorescence amaningi akhiwa kusuka kuma-axils amaqabunga amahlumela amancane. Izimbali ezincane eziphuzi zinamabhulokhi ayisishiyagalolunye nezinsimbi eziyisithupha. Enkabeni kukhona ama-stamens amafushane ne-pestle.
Ngo-Agasti-Septhemba, izithelo ziyavuthwa ezihlahleni. Amajikijolo amnyama aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka anamabala aluhlaza aqokelelwa ngamaqoqo. Ubude be-fetus abudluli ku-1 cm, futhi ububanzi bungama-8 mm. Esikhunjeni esinezimbali eziqhakazayo, i-pubescence emfushane iyabonakala. Epulpuni elimnandi nelimuncu le-juicy kukhona imbewu engu-2-8. Ngayinye yazo imbozwe ngesikhumba esinsundu.
Izinhlobo ezithandwayo
Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-50 zohlobo lwe-mahonia. Ezinye zazo zithathwe ngobuciko futhi zitholakala kusiko kuphela. Okudumile kakhulu hhowu mahonia. Isihlahla esingamamitha ayi-1 ukuphakama sikhula ngobubanzi futhi sakha amathawula aminyene. On amahlumela aqonde ngombala onsundu-grey, amaqabunga angenamakhono afinyelela ku-50 cm ubude.Amaqabunga abekiwe afana nokwakheka kwamahlamvu angama-holly, ubude bawo buyi-15-20 cm. Engxenyeni yesibili yentwasahlobo, izihloko zezihlahla zimbozwe ngezigqoko ze-inflorescence ephuzi, kuthi emva kwezinyanga ezi-2 zithathelwe indawo ngamaqoqo amancane. amajikijolo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Izinhlobo zokuhlobisa:
- I-Apollo - entwasahlobo, ama-bush afike ku-1 m ukuphakama ambozwe ngamaqabunga aluhlaza obumnyama, kepha ngo-Agasti apende ngohlobo lwe-bronze.
- UGolide - kumaqabunga aluhlaza obomvu aluhlaza kukhona umngcele ophuzi onqenqemeni.
- I-Atropurpurea - lesi sitshalo sakha amahlahla ayindilinga obubanzi obungamamitha angama-60. Kusukela ekuqaleni kwekwindla, amaqabunga aluhlaza amnyama aphenduka onsomi. Izimbali ezinamakha aphuzi amnandi ziyaqhakaza ngoMeyi, futhi ngo-Agasti, amajikijolo amnyama nahlaza okwesibhakabhaka avuthiwe.
- I-Motley - ishiya unyaka wonke izungezwe umucu omhlophe omncane ezinhlangothini.
I-Magonia iyakhamba. Ukuphakama kwesihlahlana esikhamba kungamasentimitha angama-25-50. Kuyi-petiole ngayinye kukhona amapuleti amaqabunga angama-3-7 cm ama-3-6 cm. Emajumeni amahlumela amasha, ukuqhuma okuqinile okuphuzi kwama-3-7 cm. Kamuva kuthathelwa indawo amajikijolo amnyama ama-pubescent.
Mahonia waseJapan. Kusatshalaliswa kuphela kusiko, ezivandeni zase China nase Japan. Lesi sitshalo sinobukhulu besihlahla esifinyelela kumamitha ayi-4. Umqhele uqukethe amahlumela aqondile ngenani elincane lezinqubo ezilandelwa kamuva. Amaqabunga amakhulu angenamikhono atholakala kuma-petioles kuze kube ngu-45 cm.Amapuleti amaqabunga atholakala kancane emuva. Emikhawulweni yeziqu kukhuphuka ama-inflorescences aphuzi aphelele ayizi-10-20 cm. Inkomishi ngayinye enamabala aphuzi angamasentimitha angama-6,5 cm. Kufaka iphunga elimnandi elisikhumbuza iphunga lomnduze wesigodi.
Magonia Fremonti. Isihlahla esifinyelela kumamitha amathathu ukuphakama sakha umqhele omnyama. Amaqabunga amise okwamaqanda noma abanzi ama-lanceolate anemiphetho eyenziwe ngamaphayipende apendwe ukukhanya okuluhlaza okukhanyayo ngothuli oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Iziqongo zamahlumela zihlotshiswe ngokukhanya okude okuphuzi kwama-inflorescences. Ngemuva kokuvota, amajikijolo abomvu-ukuvuthwa avuthiwe.
Izindlela zokuzala
Amagagasi asemgodini asatshalaliswa ngembewu, ukusikwa kanye nokubekwa kwezimpawu. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa ngokushesha nje ngemuva kokuvunwa, njengoba zishesha ukulahlekelwa ukuqhuma kwazo. NgoSepthemba, impahla yembewu isatshalaliswa emabhokisini alungiselelwe ngengxube ye-sand-peat ukuya ekujuleni kuka-5-10 mm. Ukuze kuhlukaniswe ebusika, amabhokisi enezinhlamvu agcinwa egumbini elibandayo. Amahlumela avela ngoMeyi, ngokuvela kwamaqabunga wangempela ayi-3-4, izithombo ezibandayo, kepha aqhubeke nokukhula ku-greenhouse. Ukutshala endaweni evulekile kuhlelwa unyaka wesine wokuphila kwesitshalo.
Ukuze uthole izitshalo eziningi ngokushesha ezigcina izici ezihlukahlukeneko zamanoni womama kanye nokuqhakaza ngokushesha, kufanelekile ukusipula. Basikwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ngamahlumela amancane aphilile. Isilayi ngasinye kufanele sibe nezinso ezingama-6-8. I-Rooting yenziwe enhlabathini ekhanyayo, evundile, ezindlini zokugcina izithombo. Izilimo zitshalwe zibheke phezulu, zingene zingene kuma-2 efihlekile aphansi. Kubalulekile ukuthi kulondolozwe umswakama omningi futhi uvundise inhlabathi njalo.
Igatsha elingaphansi lesihlahla somhluzi esidala singagxotshwa phansi ukuze kubekwe izingcambu. Lapho kwakheka izimpande eziphelele futhi lesi sitshalo sithatha amahlumela amasha, angahlukaniswa nesihlahla esikhulu bese sidluliselwa endaweni engapheli.
Kwesinye isikhathi izihlahla zinikeza izinqubo zezimpande ezingadluliselwa ngokushesha endaweni entsha. Izitshalo ezinjalo zikhula ngokushesha futhi ziyaqhakaza ngonyaka olandelayo, kodwa akuzona zonke izinhlobo zezitshalo ezinganda ngale ndlela.
Izici Ezikhulayo
Ukukhulisa i-mahonia esakhiweni sasekhaya kulula kakhulu. Lesi sitshalo sinokuzithoba futhi sinesimo esihle. Ingakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo zokuphila futhi ilondoloze ukubukeka okuhle.
I-Holly magonia iyakwazi ukukhula ezindaweni ezivulekile noma emthunzini oyingxenye. Izinhlobo ezixubile zidinga ukukhanyisa okuhle. Amabhasi ngokuvamile abekezelela ihlobo elishisayo nobusika bangeqhwa, kepha afuna ukuvikeleka kokusalungiswa.
Ukutshala kanye nokudlulisela umkhiqizo we-mahogany entwasahlobo. Ukuze ungalimazi i-rhizome, udinga ukusindisa isigaxa esidala sobumba. Inhlabathi kufanele ibe nokusabela okuncane futhi ibe nokukhanya ngokwanele. Ngemuva kokutshala, inhlabathi engaphezulu ihlanganiswe ngomquba noma umquba obolile. Ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, ukugqoka okuphezulu kwendawo yonke (i-nitroammofoska, Kemira Universal) kufanele kufakwe emhlabathini.
IMagonia ihlushwa isomiso esincane, kepha ingahlaselwa yisikhukhula senhlabathi. Uma imvula iwa ngezikhathi ezithile ehlobo, khona-ke lesi sitshalo asidingi ukuthambisa okwengeziwe. Ngesomiso isikhathi eside, amatshwayo aniselwa njalo emavikini amabili.
Ubusika, bunconywa ukufaka izithombo zenhlabathi ngenhlabathi nge-sawdust, hay ehlanganisiwe, amaqabunga awile noma izinaliti. Uma isithwathwa esineqhwa silindelwe ubusika, kufanelekile ukumboza sonke isihlahla ngezinto ezingalukiwe. Entwasahlobo, ngesikhathi sokushisa kweqhwa, i-holly magonia ihlushwa umswakama omningi omningi enhlabathini. Izimpande zingabola futhi isitshalo sizofa. Ukugwema lokhu, kunconywa ukumboza inhlabathi ezimpandeni nge-polyethylene.
Ngemuva kokuqhakaza kwezimbali kuqedile, ungatshala kancane amahlumela ukuze ubanikeze ukwakheka okufunayo. Njengoba ihlumela eliyindidane likhula isikhathi eside, baqala ukunquma izingane eziyi-10 ngemuva kokutshala. Ukunquma kuvunyelwe kungabi ngaphezu kwengxenye yegatsha, uma kungenjalo izimbali ngeke zenzeke ngonyaka olandelayo.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Ngokunakekelwa okungafanele, i-Powdery isikhutha, ukubola kwezimpande, ukugqwala nezinye izifo zesikhunta kungaqhamuka ku-mahonia. Ukuqeda izifo, izindawo ezithintekile ziphathwa ngesixazululo se-fung fung.
Amaqabunga aqine cishe awalokothi ahehe izibungu. Uma isitshalo esihlaselwe yizilokazane sitholakala eduzane, kufanelekile ukwelapha yonke imifino eseduze nesinambuzane.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-mahonia
Ekuklanyweni komhlaba. Ngosizo lwezihlahla zokuhlobisa ze-mahonia, ungadlala indawo engadini. Zilungele ukugoqa insimu noma ukubiyela amathrekhi. Ama-greens amnyama anama-inflorescence aphuzi ahamba kahle ngama-roses noma ama-primroses. Amabhasi anamaqabunga aqhakazile alungele i-rockery noma ingadi yemvelo. Zisatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo ngaphansi kwezihlahla ezinde. Futhi, ama-mahonia angasetshenziswa ukuhlobisa ama-bouquets nama-wreath wamaholide.
Ekuphekeni. Amajikijolo omagonia holly ayadliwa. Zingadliwa zisha noma zisetshenziselwe ukwenza ama-dessert, amasaladi nezinye izitsha. Ukunambitha, kufana ne-barberry. Izithelo zisetshenziselwa ukwenza ujamu noma ijeli. Iphunga elimnandi nelicwengiwe kakhulu lilungiselelwe kusuka amajikijolo.
Emithini yabantu Izithelo namahlumela we-mahonia anethonya elingabonakali. I-alkaloid berberine, equkethwe kuzo, isiza ukulwa nezifo ezilandelayo:
- isifo sohudo
- isifo sesibindi
- ukwehluleka kwezinso;
- i-rheumatism;
- i-psoriasis
- gout
- ukuqina kwe-bile.
Ukwelashwa. Ama-decoctions kanye ne-infusions yotshwala kusuka kusitshalo asetshenziselwa ukusetshenziswa kwangaphakathi nangaphandle.
Embonini yezindwangu. Izithelo ezichotshoziwe ze-mahonia zisetshenziswa njengodayi wemvelo wombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Lalisetshenziselwa ukwenziwa kwe-denim yokuqala. Amaqabunga eShrub angasetshenziselwa ukudaya imicu eluhlaza. Ukuthola i-tint ephuzi, ukugqwala nezimpande ze-mahogany zichotshoziwe futhi zibilisiwe emthanjeni omncane wamanzi.
