I-gloxinia emangalisayo: incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo ze-Krasnoyarsk ne-Red Riding Hood, izithombe zembali kanye nama-nuances wokulima

I-Gloxinia - imbali yomhlaba wonke elishisayo. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, ikhula eLatin America. Futhi igama layo elingalibaleki lingenxa ye-botanist edumile emhlabeni uBenjamin Gloxin.

I-gloxinia yegumbi iyisimiso esiyisifo sofuba esinomuthi omfushane futhi ocebile, amaqabunga avela embala obala obala obala. Imifino efana nekhanda elimhlophe, elilula noma eliphindwe kabili, elibomvu, elibomvu, elimhlophe, elibomvu, elibomvu, eliqhakazile noma elinemibala emibili, elifinyelela ku-5 cm ubude no-7 cm ngobubanzi.

I-Gloxinia inezinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo, ezihlukile komunye nomunye ngesimo kanye nomthunzi wezimbali, ubukhulu besitshalo ngokwawo kanye namaqabunga ayo. Okucacile kuzo zonke izinhlobo kukhona i-gloxinia ebomvu.

Ngubani owathola lesi sitshalo?

Kamuva, omunye ososayensi waseYurophu - uJalimane Wilhelm Zinning wathola futhi wachaza uhlobo oluthile lwezimbali - "amasondo". Iqhinga laliwukuthi beyi-gloxinia efanayo, kodwa ngegama elihlukile.

I-botanist yaseJalimane ithole ukuthi lembali inesimiso sezimpande. Umphakathi wesayense waqaphela ukutholakala, waqamba kabusha izinhlu zezimbali ze-botanical, futhi waqala ukuyibiza ngokuthi "Syning." Kodwa abatshali bembali abazange babambe iqhaza kulokhu futhi basabizwa ngokuthi "gloxinia".

Kubonakala kanjani?

Ukuphakama, imbali ingaba ngamasentimitha amahlanu kuya kwangu-6 kuya kwangu-6, kuze kube ngu-70 noma ngaphezulu amasentimitha. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-gloxinia ziyi-herbal, kanti ezinye ziyisihlahla.. Yiqiniso, izitshalo ze-herbaceous zikhona.

Intuthuko yonyaka yesikhala esingapheli iqala ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo futhi ihlala kuze kube sekupheleni kwekwindla. Ekwindla nasebusika sekwephuzile, i-gloxinia ihlezi, iyanciphisa umsebenzi wayo. Ingxenye ebuntshani yembali ifa, futhi ingxenye ebusika ihlangene nakho ebusika ngosizo lwezakhi ezisetshenziselwa ihlobo.

Lapho kufika imisebe yokuqala yelanga, amaqabunga aphikisiwe, amahlamvu okuqala avela. Phakathi namaviki amaningana, ama-stalks kanye ne-pedicle bavela emhlabathini. Kuzo zonke zazo, kungaba khona kusukela ku-1 ukuya ku-efihlekile ayisikhombisa okusheshayo okuqhakaza.

Izici ezihlukile zombala we-gloxinia zihlanganisa:

1. Ukubukeka kufana nezinsimbi.
2. Ahlukahlukene imibala izimbali.
3. Ukuqhakaza okude.

Abathandi abaningi badibanisa i-gloxinia nge-violet. Kodwa lezi zitshalo ezimbili ezahluke ngokuphelele, umehluko omkhulu wokubukwa komunye nomunye uzoba uhlobo lwembali. Ku-heroine yalesi sihloko, yena, njengoba kuphawuliwe, ubheka njengebell, futhi e-violet - elula. Futhi, isibalo sezimbali ngasinye ngesitshalo sizoba ngaphezulu kokuqala.

I-Gloxinia inezinketho eziningana zokuzalanisa.:

• izimpande;
• amaqabunga;
• imbewu;
• ama-pedicels.

Izinhlobo: incazelo nesithombe

Yiqiniso, abalimi nabalimi bezimbali emazweni amaningi emhlabeni babethandwa kakhulu kulezo zinhlobo ze-gloxinia, ezinezimbali ezibomvu. Ikamelo razvodchiki linamathele okufanayo. Ukubukeka okubomvu kukhanya kakhulu futhi, njengoba besho ezweni lakithi, "bacebile".

I-Red Riding Hood encane

Igama lezinhlobonhlobo lalibangelwa iqoqo elikhulu lezimbali ezibomvu, ezifana nekhanda. Isikhumba esinjalo sibonakala phezu kwesitshalo esincane se-herbaceous phakathi nenkathi yezimbali. Unombala obomvu obomvu, kancane kancane ubumnyama obheke esimweni esimhlophe esingaphakathi. Amaqabunga angumthunzi omnyama obumnyama futhi aphonswe phansi.

Leli qabunga liluhlaza okomnyama, elinamandla, emaphethelweni afakwa ngaphakathi. Isithombe se-gloxinia ngefihlekile "cap", bonise konke ubuhle balo mbali

I-Krasnoyarsk

Izinhlobonhlobo ezivamile zemibala yakho oyintandokazi, isithombe ongabona konke ubuhle bayo. Kubhekwa njengento encane kakhulu.

Kukhona futhi izimbali eziyingqayizivele ngaphandle kwemibhoshongo yombala ohlukile.. Ukuphela kwamagundane kuhlale kulula kunezansi ye-rosette yembali.

Imithetho ekhulayo

I-Gloxinia - ingathobeki kakhulu ekuzaliseni izimbali. Umlimi oqalayo uzokwazi ukuwakhula ngempumelelo. Udinga nje ukulandela imithetho eminingi:

1. Ukukhanyisa okwanele - I-Gloxinia ivela eNyakatho Melika, okusho ukuthi idinga ukukhanya okukhulu. Isitshalo kufanele sibekwe eceleni kwelanga lakho, noma endaweni ekhanyayo engadini. Mhlawumbe okuqukethwe kwembali e-penumbra, kodwa-ke kuyoba okukhumbuza kakhulu imifino utshani kunembali ekhanyayo.

   Uzobona ngokushesha ukuthi isilwane sakho asikwazi ukukhanya kwelanga uma amahlamvu eqala ukukhula phezulu. Uma ihambisana nemodi yokukhanyisa, ibheka ngokuzenzekelayo noma phansi.

2. Ukushisa okwanele - Isitshalo sidinga ukushisa kwezwe lakubo, okungukuthi, ezishisayo. Ngokwezigaba - lokhu kungu-+20 Celsius. Ukwandiswa kwalesi sibonakaliso ngama-8-10 amayunithi aphezulu, i-gloxinia iyeka ukuthuthukisa ama-pedicels. Emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kwama-degrees angu-18, i-gloxinia ingafa.

3. Umswakama owanele - I-Gloxinia ikhetha inhlabathi emanzi hhayi umoya omile. Ngakho-ke, ukuwabeka eduze kwemithombo yokushisa yokufakelwa kuyoba iphutha elibulalayo. Ukupompa nokuphuza njalo kuyosiza ekusunguleni isimo sezulu esishisayo esitshalweni.

   Ukunisela kufanele kube njalo futhi kulinganise, kodwa ukuthi amanzi awanaki futhi achithe uhlelo lwempande. Okusho ukuthi kumele kube khona amanzi embizeni. Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho babene uhlobo lokuphila lokukhwabanisa kwalokhu. Ukuze kugcinwe ukulinganisela kwenhlabathi umswakama, i-sphagnum moss ingafakwa phansi. Uzothatha enye umswakama bese kancane kancane ayinike phansi.

Ukukhethwa kwenhlabathi

Izinhlobo ze-Gloxinia ezibomvu zinezidingo ezifanayo zomhlabathi nezimo ezikhulayo njengabo bonke abanye.

Inhlabathi kufanele ibe yinto evulekile futhi iphefumula.. Kusukela ekuhlanganiseni kwenhlabathi ukulima i-Gloxinia, kokubili jikelele kanye nokuxuba umhlaba we-peat nesihlabathi kuzoba kufanelekile. Izinga le-acidity yenhlabathi akumele libe ngaphezu kuka-6.5 Ph. I-Gloxinia ngeke ihlakulele ngenhlabathi enomsoco. Ngaphambi kokutshala, kunconywa ukuba uchithe inhlabathi ngesisombululo sama-manganese ukubhubhisa ama-parasites kanye nama-pathogens.

Uma uhlela ukukhula imbali engekho engadini, kodwa ebhodweni, kufanele ucabangele amaqiniso alandelayo:

• ibhodlela kufanele libe nobubanzi obanzi;
• I-Gloxinia ikhetha izitsha ezingakhulayo ezikhulayo;
• Izinto okubhaliwe ngazo kubalulekile.

Isikhathi sokuqala sitshala izitshalo ezifanelekayo, ezinezicathulo ezingu-7-10. Ukuze ububanzi obudala be-gloxinia kufanele bukhuphuke kuya kumamitha angu-15.

Izifo nezinambuzane

I-Gloxinia ibonakala yizidumbu ezifanayo nazo zonke izitshalo ze-herbaceous. Ngezinhlobo zasemakhaya, yiqiniso, ama-parasite ayingozi ahlala ngaphakathi kwenhlanganisela yenhlabathi.

Izitha ezivame kakhulu:

1. i-thrips;
2. isi-spider mite;
3. i-aphid;
4. amacimbi;
5. nematodes.

Izidakamizwa ezivamile ezivela esitolo esithile esiyingqayizivele zizosiza ukubhekana nazo uma zisetshenziswa ngokuqinile ngokwemiyalo.

Phakathi kwezifo ezihlupha lolu hlobo lwezimbali, ukubola kwempande, ukubola kwe-blackleg nogrey kufanele kuqashelwe. Zonke izifo ze-gloxinia zibangelwa ukuchelelwa ngokweqile.. Ukuze uphulukiswe, kufanele kuqala kuqala ukunciphisa izinga lokumswakama emhlabathini, ukususa izilonda nokuphatha nge-fungicides.

Izindlela zokuzala

Ukukhuthazela ngokwemvelo kwe-gloxinia kanye nesimo sezulu esiyingqayizivele sezwe lakubo kwakuthinta izindlela zokubeletha. Lesi sitshalo singabizwa ngokuphepha yonke indawo, ngoba sanda cishe zonke izindlela ezaziwa isayensi:

• Imbewu - etshalwe phezulu emhlabathini kusukela ngoNovemba kuya kuFebhuwari. Amahlumela okuqala avela emva kwezinsuku ezingu-14. Uma kubonakala amaqabunga angu-2-3 nge-gloxinia encane, i-thinned noma ifakwe kwezinye iziqukathi.
• Amahlamvu - Iqabunga eligcwele lisuswa ngokucophelela esitshalweni. I-incision isenziwa eceleni kwe-vein central futhi ifakwe emibhalweni emhlabathini oswakanyisiwe. Ngokushesha amahlumela azovela avela emaphepheni e-leaflet yokuqala.
• Izilimo eziyizigaxa - Izilimo eziyizigaxa ze-bulk zihlukaniswe ngendlela yokuthi ama-1-2 amahlumela ahlale engxenyeni ngayinye. Sika umhlabathi ofafazwe ngelahle elichotshoziwe futhi utshalwe enhlabathini enomanzi.
• Cuttings - ukusika okunempilo ngamaqabunga ahlukaniswe nesitshalo esikhulu saleso sitshalo. Isiqu ngasinye sifakwa esitsheni ngamanzi, futhi emva kokuvela kwezimpande zitshalwe emhlabathini.

Abazalwane ngombala - izitshalo ezifanayo

1. Hippeastrum - i-bulbous flower ene-anyanisi enkulu (kuze kube ngamasentimitha angama-20 ububanzi) nesistimu yezimpande ezithuthukile.
   Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, uphonsa izimbali ezinkulu ezibanzi zingafinyelela ubukhulu besibhamu somuntu. Izimbali zinemibala eminingi: obomvu, omhlophe, ophuzi.
2. Coleria - Isihlobo esiseduze saseGloxinia. Isici esiyingqayizivele - amaqabunga ama-oblong aqoshiwe. Izimbali nazo zifana nezinsimbi, kodwa zibonakala ngokubonakala ngenxa ye-elongation yazo engavamile.
3. I-Tuberous Begonia - futhi ubuhle obathandekayo ngabacwaningi bezwe lonke kusuka e-windows sill. I-Begonias inezimbali ezincane ze-terry ze-shades ekhanyayo. Ezinye izinhlobo ziyaqhakaza kuphela ebusika, kanti ezinye - unyaka wonke.
4. Streptokarpus - Enye i-gloxinia yesihlobo. Uhlukana nohlobo oluhlukile lwamagqabi, banokubukeka okulinganiselwe futhi okuxubile. Izimbali nazo zihlukile, zine-spiral-shaped streptocarpus.
5. Achimenez - izimbali ezimilayo zesikhukhula. Izimbali, ezibukeka ngokufana nesitshe, zinesizinda esikhulu kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, babukeka bebukeka bebukeka. Izimbali - izikhathi eziphindwe kabili ngonyaka ngamunye.

Isiphetho

I-red gloxinia ebomvu izokusiza ukuhlobisa indlu yangaphakathi yakho noma ingadi yakho enezimbali ezikhanyayo nezingapheli isikhathi eside. Banobuqotho kakhulu ekunakekeleni futhi ngeke kudale ubunzima obukhulu. Ukulandela uchungechunge lwemihlahlandlela yokunakekelwa elula kuzokusiza ukuba ujabulele iminyaka engaba ngu-10.