Lesi sitshalo singokwezilwane ezincane, izwe lakubo yiBrazil. Ngenxa yalezi zinhlobo, manje kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi ezahlukene ze-gloxinia yangaphakathi. Ukuze sikhule i-Brokad gloxinia enhle, zonke izimbali ziyadingeka ukwazi ngemithetho eyisisekelo nokuqaphela kokunakekelwa, kanye nokuthi yiziphi izifo nezinambuzane zezimbali.
Kulesi sihloko sizosihlolisisa isitshalo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Gloxinia Brocade. Cabanga ngezinhlobo zayo, incazelo yezitshalo, izici, imithetho yokutshala nokunakekelwa, nokunye okuningi.
Kuyini lesi sitshalo?
I-semi-shrub, evela ku-Hesnerian yomndeni, nayo ine-tuber efana ne-rhizome. I-Gloxinia ihlukile futhi iyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi ubukhulu bendawo engaphandle. Isibonelo, kune-microminiature, lapho i-radius yokungenisa engekho ngaphezu kwe-5mm., Kukhona futhi ama-miniature, lapho ukuphuma kungekho kuka-20-30mm. futhi ejwayelekile, indawo engenazo izitolo ezingaphezu kuka-30 mm.
Lesi sitshalo kwakungummeli wokuqala we-genus entsha futhi saziwa ngokuthi i-gloxinia icwecwe ngokuhlonipha umvelisi B.P. I-Gloxin. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, isitshalo esisha savela eTropical America, esasifana neGloxinia, kodwa sahlukaniswa ne-tuber enezinambuzane. Zombili lezi zitshalo zahlanganiswa ngokufana kwefomu lembali, ngenxa yokuthi zazibhekiswe kulohlobo olusha lwembali - i-Gloxinia enhle.
Ngenxa yomsebenzi wokuzalanisa, nguye owanikezela inqwaba yezinhlobo ezintsha zegumbi lesimanje gloxinia, okuyinto ehlukile ngesimo sezimbali nokuhlanzeka okumangalisayo kokubala.
Izinhlobo
I-Gloxinia brocade ihlukaniswe yaba izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko:
- i-gloxinia i-blue blue;
- i-gloxinia i-redcade brocade.
I-Brocade blue - inezimbali ezimbili, okungamamitha ayi-8 ububanzi, okuvame ukuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma okwesibhakabhaka nomngcele omhlophe ongcono. Ukuphakama kwehlathi kufinyelela ku-20 cm, okuyinto ekhula kusuka ku-10 kuya kuma-25 amakhulu ama-terry inflorescences.
I-brocade ebomvu - isitshalo esiphundu kakhulu futhi esihle kakhulu esinezimbali ezincane, ubukhulu bayo obufinyelela ku-6 cm.
Unombala obomvu obomvu. Umngcele awukho noma awukho ngokuphelele. Ubukhulu obujwayelekile bokhuni buyi-20 cm.
- Izinhlobo Kaiser Wilhelm noFriedrich.
- I-Decorative Gloxinia Sonata.
- Gloxinia Shahane.
- I-hybrid gloxinia.
- Izinhlobo ze-Krasnoyarsk ne-Red Riding Hood.
- Gloxinia Rosalind.
- Terry gloxinia Esenia.
- I-white terry gloxinia.
- I-Gloxinia Pink.
Ukubukeka kanye nezici
Incazelo
Inhlanganisela enkulu yesitshalo yilokho kuba khona kwezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zamaqabunga. green eluhlaza futhi oluhlaza ujusi.
Lesi sitshalo singezo ezihlukahlukene ze-terry. Ihlukaniswe yaba yizinhlobo, kuye ngokuthi umbala wamagundane: i-tiger, i-calico ne-monophonic.
- I-Calico - amaphuzu ahlukene ngobukhulu obuhlukahlukene.
- I-Tiger - kanye nama-specks ahamba ngamabhande emakhanda emaphethelweni e-petal.
- Imibala eqinile - umthunzi owodwa.
Zonke izimbali zalesi sitshalo ziyi-monochromatic enemibala - amaqabunga aqhakazile angaphezu kwamaqabunga aluhlaza obumnyama, enza isimo esifana nebhola, ngenxa yokuthi kubonakala sengathi iluhlaza kakhulu. Terry abizwa ngoba banemizila eminingana yamagundane, ngakho kubonakala sengathi isihlahla sinezimbali.
Izici
Imbali ye-Gloxinia ikhethekile, ngoba une-rosette encane kakhulu, futhi ngenxa yalokhu, ama-buds abonakala ekhulu. Umbala ikakhulukazi u-monochromatic, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kukhona umngcele womthunzi omnyama kunezikhalazo ngokwawo.
Ukuthinta nokubukeka, amacembe afana ne-velvet. I-Gloxinia flower ibhekwa njengenye yezimbali eziphikisana kakhulu, okwesikhathi eside ukuhlala ku-peduncle. Izimbali eziningi ziyingxenye yezinzuzo eziyinhloko zesitshalo.
Kuphi futhi kanjani ukutshala?
Ukuze ukhule i-gloxinia, yenza okulandelayo:
- Ukukhanya okukhanyayo nokukhanyayo, kodwa imisebe akufanele iwele esitshalweni esizayo.
Ngenxa yembewu yayo encane, inhlabathi evuthayo ithathwa ukuhlwanyela, ehlanganisa umhlaba we-sod, ishlabathi, i-humus kanye ne-leaf umhlabathi. Ukwakhiwa kufanele kube: 1: 1: 1: 2.- Inhlabathi ingasetshenziswa nge-disinfected ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, bese ithela.
- Ngokuvamile isitshalo sitshalwe kusukela ngasekupheleni kukaFebhuwari kuya kuMashi.
- Imbewu ifakwa ngokucophelela 3-5 cm ngaphandle kwesitsha se-greenhouse.
- Ukuhlwanyela kugcwele ingilazi noma ifilimu ukuze kulondolozwe umswakama.
- Inhlabathi kufanele ibe nezakhi, ungagcini amanzi futhi udlulise umoya.
- Ungenalo isitsha endaweni yokushisa engaphansi kwama-degree angu-24.
- Inhlabathi kumele ihlolwe futhi ifakwe emanzini.
- Ngemva kokwakheka kwamaqabunga okuqala, i-Gloxinia etshalwe ezimbizeni ezihlukene; i-tuber kufanele ibuke emhlabathini kancane - ungathinti amaqabunga lapho uphuza imbali yesikhathi esizayo.
- Nisela imbali kusukela phansi, ngoba lokhu kufaka esikhundleni se-saucer.
Ngenxa yembewu yayo encane, inhlabathi evuthayo ithathwa ukuhlwanyela, ehlanganisa umhlaba we-sod, ishlabathi, i-humus kanye ne-leaf umhlabathi. Ukwakhiwa kufanele kube: 1: 1: 1: 2.Umphumela ikakhulukazi kuxhomeke ekushiseni, ekukhanyeni kanye nomswakama!
Ukunakekela
Uma lesi sitshalo soma, amabala asundu afaka emaqabunga, Kodwa-ke, akudingekile ukuwamanzisa, ngoba lokhu kubhekene nokubonakala kokubola. Kufanelekile njengama-fertilizer okwenziwe ngomumo, futhi uzenze. Izitshalo ziyeka ukuncelisa ngo-Agasti. Ngokujwayelekile, imbali idliwa kanye ngesonto noma izikhathi eziyi-10 ngokukhula okukhulayo, inyanga eyodwa emva kokutshala noma ukutshala kabusha kwenye inhlabathi.
Izifo nezinambuzane
- Isifo esivame kakhulu ku-gloxinia yi-ascochitis, isifo sofungula esenzeka ngenxa yomswakama okhulayo, okwenza kube nokwenziwa kwezindawo ezimnyama, ezibomvu noma ezibomvu emaqabunga. "Amaqabunga aphethwe" asuswe, futhi isitshalo siphathwa nge-sulfate yethusi. Ngemva kwesonto, uqhuba inqubo efanayo.
- Isifo esiyingozi kunazo zonke ukulimala okuphuzile, njengoba kuthinta zonke izingxenye zesitshalo. Uma lesi sifo sibonakala sibeka isikhunta esikhulayo, ngenxa yokuthi lesi sitshalo siqala ukumelela ngokumelela okuqinile nokubola lapho umswakama oqinile. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, faka flat brown.
- Esinye isifo esibi sise-septoriosis. Ifaka isandla ekubukeni kwebala elimpunga noma elibomvu, ukomisa futhi ukugoba kwesiqu nokudubula. Esimweni esinjalo, ukulondoloza imbali kunzima kakhulu. Iphutha elivamile nge-septoriosis ukukhipha ngesandla bese ukhipha amahlumela abonakaliswe yisifo.
- Phakathi kwezinye izifo, okulandelayo kubonakala: isikhumba se-powdery, thrips, gray gray, downy isikhutha, njll.
Ukuzala
Ukuvezwa kwe-Gloxinia ukukhiqizwa yizinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo ezikhona zokukhiqiza. Lokhu kufaka phakathi: ukukhiqizwa kwezinhlamvu zeqabunga, izimbali ze-flower, stem cuttings, kanye nokuhlukanisa i-tuber.
Izimbali ezifanayo
I-Gloxinia ifana nalezi zimbali ezilandelayo:
- I-Violet - etholakalayo ezindaweni zomhlaba onesimo sezulu esiphezulu. Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-500 zezimbali. Ukubukeka kufana neGloxinia.
- I-Sinningia - imifino ehlala njalo ekhula i-Hesneriaceae. Amaqabunga amancane nama-velvet, nezimbali ngendlela "yebell". Indawo - Brasalia.
- Streptokarpus - izimbali, izitshalo ze-herbaceous, ezivela kumndeni wakwaGesnerievye. Igama lesiGreki lasendulo lihunyushwa ngokuthi "izithelo ezisontekile."
- I-Tidea - isitshalo esihlala isikhathi eside esibizwa ngokuthi i-herbaceous plant, futhi sithathwe ku-Gesnerievye. Imbali ikhula ngesimo se-shrub noma emhlabathini we-pubescent. Amaqabunga avuliwe, i-velvet. Izwe langomdabu laleli limbali yizindawo ezibandayo ze-Afrika (ukuthola ulwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana nokuthi yikuphi ukuhlukahluka kwe-gloxinia kufana nomqondo nokuthi umehluko wabo, ungathola lapha).
- Achimenez - hhayi isitshalo eside kakhulu esinezinyosi ezinama-scaly. Isikhathi sokuqhakaza siqala entwasahlobo futhi siphela ngokuqala kwekwindla.
I-gloxinia brocade iyimbali enhle kakhulu futhi eyinkimbinkimbi engamangaza umuntu ngobuhle bayo. Kubuye kube nenani elikhulu lezinzuzo futhi lizoba ngcono kakhulu ekamelweni lokunethezeka, kanye nokuphakamisa.
