Ama-Daylilies - ukutshala nokunakekela emhlabathini ovulekile

Bonke abatshali bezimbali bajwayelana nezinsuku zasemini, ukutshala nokunakekela endle okungeke kube nzima ngisho nakwabaqalayo. Isitshalo sivezwa ngokuzithoba okukhulu nokukhuthazela. Amabhusi wosuku lwasemini abukeka emangalisa ekutshaleni okukodwa futhi njengesici sokuklanywa kwendawo.

Ukuchazwa kwasemini: izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo

I-Daylily (Hemerocallis) isitshalo semvelo sama-herbaceous esidabuka eMpumalanga Asia. Ama-Daylilies abiliswa ezingadini kusukela ngekhulu le-18. Ngokusho kwencazelo, i-perennial ine-rosette eminyene yamaqabunga ama-basal asemigqeni emibili ahlukeka ngendlela fan. Amacembe abunjiwe nge-Belt akhonjwa ekugcineni. IRizome inamandla ngezimpande ezifana nezintambo.

Amaphupho Wosuku Oluningi

Kunezinhlobo zezinto zemvelo ezingaba ngu-20. Zihlotshisiwe, azinambitheki, zingakhula emhlabathini ojwayelekile.

Izinhlobo ezidume kakhulu:

• i-lemongrass ebomvu;
• ophuzi
• ulamula ophuzi;
• Dumurier;
• I-Middendorff.

Wonke umuntu ujwayelene ne-orange daylily ejwayelekile (i-Hemerocallis fulva), evame ukutholakala ezindlini zasehlobo, emapaki nasezigcawini.

Usuku olubomvu

Ngaphambi kokuqhakaza kwezimbali, lesi sitshalo siphonsa ama-peduncle ayi-5-20, ukuphakama kwawo kube ngu-40 cm kuya ku-1 m, kuya ngezinhlobonhlobo. Etunjini ngalinye lezimbali ezingama-10-30 eziqhakaza, amahlumela awaqhakaza ngasikhathi sinye. Umbala wamacembe wehlukahluka kakhulu (ngaphandle kwezithunzi eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka).

Zinjani izimbali zasemini

• unxantathu;
• -mise inkanyezi;
• kuyindilinga
• ama-arachnids.

Ukwakheka kwamaphalishi kubunjiwe, kufushane, kube yizithela. Ngemizamo yabaqoqi etholakele izinhlobo ezimbili zemisindo, nephunga elimnandi lezimbali, nzalo ebuyayo.

Njengamanje, izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezingama-60 kanye nzalo yohlobo lwosuku ziye zalungiswa. Abahwebi baseMelika nabase-Australia, ababhali bemicimbi yakamuva, balwela ukudala izimbali ezinkulu, ezinombala omnyama wemibala yasekuqaleni.

Izinhlobo ezaziwayo kanye nzalo:

• I-Thin Man iyinhlobonhlobo entsha ye-hybrid enezimbali ezinkulu ezifika ku-25 cm ubukhulu, kuma-peduncle 1 m ukuphakama. Amacembe amancane ahlanganiswe, abomvu emaphethelweni. I-pharynx iphuzi elikhanyayo. I-peduncle ngayinye yakha kufika kuma-30 efihlekile.
• IMildred Mitchell isihlahla siphakeme ngamasentimitha angama-70. Izimbali ezinobubanzi obungu-18-20 cm wombala onsomi opinki onephunga elimnandi.
• UMose Fire - isitshalo esingu-70 cm ukuphakama, izinhlobonhlobo zokulungisa. Iqhakaza ngoJulayi-Agasti ngezimbali ezinkulu zombala obomvu obomvu.
• IBlack Prince isihlahla esifinyelela ku-80 cm ukuphakama. Ama blooms aqhamuka maphakathi noJulayi ngezimbali ezibomvu ze-burgundy ezinendawo ephakathi nendawo enobubanzi obuyi-15 cm.
• UFrans Hals isihlahla esiphakathi nendawo esingamasentimitha angama-40-50. Izimbali zingamasentimitha angama-15 ubukhulu, zibomvu ngombala ophuzi, onephunga elimnandi.
• IJordani - ukuphakama kwesihlahla kube ngamasentimitha angama-60, irosette eliminyene lamaqabunga luhlaza ngombala. Izimbali ezisebenza ngotshani ezi-raspberry-lilac ziyaqhakaza ngo-Agasti-Septhemba.

Ibanga losuku lweFrance Hals

Indawo yokungena, inhlabathi

Izikhathi zokuthanda ilanga zithanda izindawo ezivulekile nezikhanyayo. Izinhlobonhlobo ezinamacembe anemibala emnyama elangeni zisheshe ziphele, ngoba izitshalo ezinjengalezi kunconywa ukudala umfutho oyingxenye ntambama. Lapho kutshalwe emthunzini, ukukhanya kwelanga kuzoqhakaza kabi. I-perennial ingatshalwa ezitsheni.

Isitshalo sithanda ukuthambisa okuvundile okungathathi hlangothi noma ukusabela kancane kwenhlabathi. Uma umhlaba usinda, kufakwa i-humus nesihlabathi kuwo. Inhlabathi evundile enesihlabathi sakhiwe. I-perennial inohlelo lwezimpande olunezimpande eziwugqinsi, ezithambekele ukubola. Ngokuvela okusondele kwamanzi omhlaba, kuyadingeka ukukhipha noma ukutshala izimbali emibhedeni ephezulu.

Ukutshala nini futhi kanjani

Ukuze zikhule iminyaka eminingi endaweni eyodwa futhi ziqhakaza kakhulu, udinga ukwazi ukuthi ungatshala kanjani ngosuku. Ukutshala kwenziwa ngoMeyi lapho isimo sezulu sifudumele noma ekuqaleni kwekwindla.

Ungatshala kanjani i-daylily? Inqubo yokufika ngokulandelayo:

1. Kwenziwa umgodi wokufaka - ibhakede lomxube we-peat-humus nge-30 g ye-superphosphate ne-30 g ye-potassium sulfate ibekwe emgodini. Amaminerali ahlanganiswe kahle ne-substrate.
2. Izimpande zesitshalo zidilizwa amahora amaningi ngesixazululo esibuthakathaka somanyolo wamaminerali.
3. Hlola uhlelo lwezimpande, ususe izimpande ezomile, ezibolile.
4. Amahlamvu anqunywa abe ngu-15 cm.
5. Izinto zokutshala zibekwa emthonjeni. Baqikelela ngokucophelela ukuthi intamo yezimpande ingama-2-3 cm ngaphansi kwezinga lomhlaba.
6. Izitshalo ze-Delenka zimbozwe ngenhlabathi, ngokucophelela, kepha inhlabathi ehlanganisiwe ngesiqu.
7. Isihlahla siyaniselwa, umbuthano wokutshala uhlanganisiwe ngepulangwe, i-peat, izinaliti.

Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ukutshala izibiliboco, kufanele ubheke ukuthi isitshalo esidala sizohlala kuphi engadini. Ezinye izinhlobo ezisakazwayo zikhula ngaphezu kwamamitha ububanzi.

Ukufika kwangaphandle

Ukunisela nokukhulula inhlabathi

I-perennial unsretentious, ukubekezelela isomiso, ibekezelela amazinga okushisa ngokweqile. Ukunakekela izinkathi zasemini akunzima. Isitshalo akufanele siphuziswe kaningi, kepha ngobuningi. Ukuchelela kwenziwa ngaphansi kwempande, uzama ukungaweli kuhlamvu. Isitshalo singakwenza ngaphandle kokunisela isikhashana, kodwa sizoqhakaza kancane kakhulu. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunisela isihlahla engxenyeni yesibili kaJulayi, lapho imbali zezimbali zibekelwe unyaka olandelayo.

Ukhula njalo nokukhulula umphezulu wangaphezulu. Ngasikhathi sinye, bazama ukungalimazi uhlelo lwezimpande, olungabola.

Izindlela zokuzala

Ama-Daylilies angakhula ngokusakazeka nangembewu. Indlela elula kunazo zonke ukwahlukanisa isihlahla. Umcimbi wenziwa kangcono entwasahlobo ukuze isitshalo sibe nesikhathi sokuthatha izimpande ngaphambi kokubanda. Ezinye izinhlobo zesitshalo zihlukaniswa kalula ngesandla, kepha imvamisa kufanele usebenzise ummese obukhali noma ifosholo.

Isihlahla sihlukaniswe izingxenye ezinkulu eziningana. Ukuthena ngakunye kufanele kube nengxenye yezicubu zezimpande, ama-2-3 efihlekile, amaqabunga amaningana. Ungamane usike uhlangothi lwesihlahla sikamama. Isitshalo esidala asithelwa izinsuku eziningana emva kwenqubo ukuze ukusikwa kungaboli.

Ukuzala kabusha ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla

Ukudlondlobala (ukubangelwa kwe-inflorescence) kuyindlela yokusakazeka kokusatshalaliswa kosuku. I-peduncle ayisuswa kuze kube yilapho ingxenye engenhla yomile. Ngalesi sikhathi, ama-rosette amancane ezitshalo ezincane akha endaweni ye-inflorescences. Isiqu sezimbali sinqunyiwe, amahlamvu ancishiswa okwesithathu. Izithombo zifakwa emanzini ukuze kubonakale izimpande. Ukwakhiwa kwezimpande kuyashukunyiswa ngokungeza amaconsi ama-1-2 we-Epin noma iZircon.

Lapho izimpande zikhula zibe ngu-3-5 cm, amahlumela atshalwa emabhodweni amancanyana. Shiya ubusika ekhaya. Etshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile ngoMeyi, lapho ingozi yeqhwa isidlulile.

Izithombo azivame ukusetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza izithombo. Le yinqubo ende. Izitshalo ziyaqhakaza kuphela ngonyaka wesithathu. Ukuhlwanyela imbewu kunobulungiswa ngezinhloso zokuzalela noma lapho udinga ukukhulisa inani elikhulu lezinto zokutshala.

Imithetho yokusabalalisa imbewu:

1. Imbewu ifakwe kusisombululo se-3% se-hydrogen peroxide (15 ml nge-1 litre lamanzi), ivalwe ngesikhwama sepulasitiki bese ibekwa endaweni emnyama. Ukuhluma kuthatha izinsuku ezinhlanu kuya kweziyi-15. Kuyadingeka ukuthi ngezikhathi ezithile uhlole ukuthi imbewu ayikakhibeki yini.
2. Lapho izimpande zivela, imbewu evuthiwe ibekwa ungqimba lwamatshe amancane bese ifakwa ekukhanyiseni.
3. Izithombo zakha uhlelo lwezimpande bese kuvela amaqabunga amancane. Amabhishi amasha angatshalwa ezimbizeni ezihlukile.
4. Izitshalo zitshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile lapho amaqabunga efika usayizi ongu-15-20 cm.

Ukuhlwanyela imbewu kwenziwa ngoMashi. Uma kune-backlight, ungahlwanyela imbewu kusenesikhathi - ngoJanuwari-Februwari.

Ukondla nokudlulisa

Amabhishi abantu abadala asebusuku badinga ukondliwa kathathu ngesikhathi sokukhula. NgoMeyi, umanyolo weNitrogen usetshenziswa ngaphansi kwesihlahla. Ukweqisa isitshalo akusifanele. I-nitrogen ethe xaxa iholela ekwandeni kwesisindo esiluhlaza kulimaze izimbali.

Ngesikhathi kwakhiwa ama-buds, ama-perennials adliswa ngomanyolo wamaminerali we-phosphorus-potassium. Ngemuva kwenyanga ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali, ukugqoka okuphezulu kuyaphindwa ngokubekwa ngokuphelele kwezimbali zezimbali ngonyaka olandelayo.

I-Daylily ingakhula endaweni eyodwa iminyaka engama-8-10. Izitshalo ezindala okunzima ukuzenza kabusha, zizungezwe yizinhlangothi zonke ngokwahlukana okuncane okunzima ukuzimpande. Kunzima ukufakelwa izihlahla ezinkulu.

Ukufakelwa kwesitshalo kubekezelelwa kangcono kuneminyaka engama-3-5. NgoMeyi noma uSepthemba, lesi sitshalo sembiwa, uma kunesidingo, sihlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili, sitshalwe emigodini yokutshala nge-substrate elungiselelwe.

Ukuthena kosuku

Ukunakekela izimbali zasemini kuqukethe ukususwa okujwayelekile kwezimbali ezigobile, izihlahla zokuthena izimbali ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali ukuze zingafiphisi isihlahla. Ekwindla, ihlathi liyahlolwa, kususwa amaqabunga omisiwe. Amahlamvu aphuzi asikwa afinyelele ku-5 cm ukusuka emhlabathini lapho kwenzeka isimo sezulu esibandayo.

Izinambuzane nezifo

Amakati wosuku lasemini angathinteka ezifweni fungal, virus. Izimpande zezintambo zezimpande ziyindlela yokukhunta ethwalwa yizilokazane. Lesi sifo singakhula ngokufika okujulile, umhlabathi ompofu ongena kuwo. Ukuvimbela lesi sifo, ukunqamuka kwamanzi kanye nokudlisa ngokweqile kwezitshalo ezine-nitrogen akuvunyelwe.

Amacembe anemigqa abangelwa ukhunta. Imivimbo ephuzi ivela emaqabungeni, kuya kuba nsundu kanyeokomisa ingxenye esemoyeni yesihlahla. Amaqabunga athintekile ayasuswa, i-daylily iphathwa nge-fungicide.

Ukugqwala - amabala abomvu kumaqabunga nezimbali. Ukukhula kwezitshalo kuncipha futhi ukuqina kwezimbali kuncipha. Lesi sifo asikhonjelwa ekwelashweni.

Izinambuzane eziphambili zosuku:

• ama-thrips - izinambuzane ezinambuzane ezincane ezincelayo ezingatholakala ngaphakathi kwamaqabunga;
• i-aphid - imvamisa ihlasela izimbali ngesimo sezulu esishisayo, isebenza njengethwali lezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane;
• isicabucabu mite - ocushiwe sezulu esishisayo esishisayo;
• umkhaza wezimpande - ulimaza amaqabunga, uvimbela ukukhula kwesitshalo.

Ekuqaleni kwenkathi yokukhula, ukufafazwa okuvuthayo kwezimbali ngama-insecticides e-systemic kanye ne-acaricides kuyenziwa.

Ukuphindwa kweqabunga

Eminyakeni yemvula, ama-slugs amaningi avela emaqabungeni e-daylily. Ukulwa nabo basebenzisa ithuluzi elithi "irondehyde". Amagremu aluhlaza abekwe phezu kwenhlabathi, izingcezu ezi-3 ngesitshalo ngasinye.

Ukulungiselela ubusika

Imbali yasemini ibonakala ngokuqina okuphezulu kobusika. Izitshalo ezincane zidinga indawo yokuhlala ebusika ngonyaka wokuqala emva kokutshala, nzalo ebalulekile ebaluleke kakhulu lapho ushiya. Ukuhlukile kubanda, kubanda kakhulu ebusika ngaphandle kweqhwa lapho izinga lokushisa lehla ngezansi -20 ℃.

Ngaphambi kobusika, izitshalo zidinga ukuncibilikisa kancane, zinqume ingxenye esemoyeni, zishiya ama-cm angama-6-6. Isembozo esiphakeme ngamagatsha we-spruce, utshani, udoti wamaqabunga.

Isikhathi sezimbali nokunakekelwa ngemuva

I-Daylily iphonsa izithungo zezimbali, ngamunye uqukethe ama-10- 30 efihlekile. Imbali ngayinye iqhakaza ekuseni ibune kusihlwa. Ngaso leso sikhathi, izimbali ezingama-2-3 ziyaqhakaza kwi-peduncle eyodwa. Isikhathi sokuqhakaza sithatha izinsuku ezingama-30-45. Izinhlobo zokuqala ziqala ukuqhakaza ngoJuni, kamuva - ngo-Agasti-Septhemba. Ngemuva kokuthatha iqoqo lezinhlobonhlobo, ama-daylilies angaqhakaza ezweni kusukela ekuqaleni kwehlobo kuya ekwindla sekwephuzile.

Izimbali zisetshenziswa

Abalimi abaningi banesifiso sendlela yokuzinakekela kahle izimbali zasemini eziqhakaza izimbali. Ukuze ugcine ukuhlobisa kwesitshalo kubalulekile ukukha izimbali ezishwabene njalo. Lokhu kuvusa ukuvulwa kwama-buds amasha. Isitshalo esiklanywe ngobuso esinamacembe abolile sibukeka singcolile.

Sebenzisa ekwakhiweni komhlaba

Ukungabekezeleli, isikhathi sezimbali nokuhlobisa kuyo yonke inkathi yokukhula kuvula amathuba amahle okusebenzisa izibani zansuku zonke ekwakhiweni komhlaba. Isitshalo silungele ukutshala okukodwa, sihamba kahle nezinye izitshalo.

U-Daylily ubukeka emuhle ekutshaleni kweqembu eduze kwe-astilbe, phlox, irises. Uhlaka lokubumbeka nezitshalo ezinamahlamvu wokuhlobisa - Sebawoti, geykhera ubukeka muhle. Ama-rosette anamaqabunga wosuku ahamba kahle ngezihluma zeminyaka zokuqhakaza - ama-aster, ama-chrysanthemums. Umbhede wezimbali onamakhaza aqhakaza ubukeka uyathakazelisa lapho utshalwe ngemuva naphakathi kwezihlahla zamabele okuhlobisa.

Imbali ekwakhiweni kwesitshalo

Abalimi abaningi bezimbali bathanda izimbali zemihla ngemihla ngokulula kokutshala nokunakekela, ukuqhakaza izimbali ezinhle nezinde. Abalimi abaqala kungalulekwa ukuthi baqale ukujwayelana nembali ngokukhula kwezinhlobo zemvelo nezinhlobo ezaziwayo eziye zazibonakalisa ukuthi ziqinile futhi ziqinile.