Ukuhlobisa okungenakuzithoba kwensimu kanye newindi lewindi - i-gerbera ebomvu

I-gerbera ebomvu ibhekwa njengomhlobiso wekhaya noma ingadi. Lesi yisitshalo esingenakuzithoba esiye sathandwa phakathi kwabalimi amashumi eminyaka.

Ngenxa yomsebenzi ophumelelayo wabalimi bezinhlobo ezibomvu ze-gerbera, unyaka ngamunye uba njalo. Esihlokweni sethu sizoxoxa ngomlando wemvelaphi nezici zalesi simbali.

Uzofunda ngemibandela yokulima, izindlela zokuzala nokumnakekela. Singabuka futhi ividiyo ewusizo ngalesi sihloko.

Umlando we

Umlando we-gerbera obomvu waqala eminyakeni engamakhulu amathathu edlule. Engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu le-18, abahambi baseDutch bathola izimbali eziqhakazile nezingavamile eningizimu ye-Afrika.

Ngemva kwesikhashana, uJan Gronovius wezitshalo wezinyosi wachaza imbali engaziwa futhi waqala ukuyifunda ngokujulile. Njengoba engakabi negama okwamanje, usosayensi wamnika igama lomngane wakhe, udokotela uTraugott Gerber.

Izimbali ezitholakala zazizinhlobonhlobo zembala nemibala, kufaka phakathi obomvu (ungathola ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zama-gerberas owaziwa namuhla).

Incazelo ye-botanical

I-gerbera ebomvu iyimifino engapheliyo. Amaqabunga akhe amancane, anzima, akhomba emaphethelweni.

Ihlanganiswe ku-rosette, ubude, njengombuso, ungadluli 30-35 amasentimitha. Umkhawulo weshidi ungaba womabili futhi uqinile. Izitshalo zide, ngezinye izikhathi ziyashicilela.

I-peduncles ende, engenazo amaqabunga, ngokuvamile e-pubescent. Izimbali ziqoqwe emaqenjini e-inflorescences-amabhasikidi ahlukahlukene, I-Gerberas ibukeka njengezimbali ezimnandi.

Izimbali zomhlanga, zikhulu futhi zinamandla. I-median - tubular, encane.

Izithelo - i-achene. Ngokwesilinganiso, imbewu ye-gerbera iyasebenza ezinyangeni eziyisithupha.

Okushoyo

Ama-red gerberas - izimbali ezikhanyayo, ezifanekisela injabulo, uthando lokuphila. Ngezilimi zezimbali, i-gerberas ebomvu ibonisa ukufihla, ukuthobeka nokuhlanzeka. Zivame ukuhanjiswa kumuntu, ikakhulukazi kumuntu onikezwa umnikeli ngemfudumalo.

Ukubukeka kanye nezici

Ama-gerberas alubomvu ahluke ngokuphawulekayo kuye ngezinhlobonhlobo.. Izimbali zingaba zilula futhi ziphindwe kabili, futhi ubukhulu be-inflorescence buhluka kakhulu. Ukuma kweqabunga leqabunga kungashintsha kusuka ebanzi kuya emincane kakhulu.

Kuphi futhi kanjani ukutshala?

I-gerbera ebomvu ingatshala kokubili ekhaya nasensimini. Ezimweni zensimu, ukutshala ama-gerberas kuqala ngasekupheleni kwebusika. Imbewu yezithombo ihlwanyelwa ezitsheni ezikhethekile ngenhlanganisela yesihlabathi kanye nomquba. Kuhle kakhulu ukwenza lokhu kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya ku-Mashi. Ukuhluma kwembewu ye-gerbera kuphansi, ngakho-ke bahlwanyelwa ngobuningi (sichazile ngokuningiliziwe lapha ukuthi singakhula kanjani i-gerberas embewu ngokufanele). Amahlumela okuqala avela emva kwesigamu esisodwa nesigamu ukuya emavikini amabili.

Kubalulekile: Awukwazi ukushumeka kakhulu imbewu, iyanciphisa kakhulu iphesenti lokuhluma.

Emva kokuvela kwamacembe amaningana, izithombo zingathathwa zibe izimbiza ezihlukene. Izithombo zidinga ukuchelela njalo.. Kodwa-ke, akunakwenzeka ukuvumela ukudlula umswakama, kanye ne-ingress yamanzi kwi-rosette-isitshalo singase siqale ukubola.

Ukukhanyisa nendawo

Emhlabathini ovulekile, izithombo zingatshalwa emva kokuyeka ukusongela ebusuku amaqhwa. Kungcono ukukhetha indawo enelanga, kodwa hhayi indawo eshisayo yokuvimbela ukushisa.

I-windows sills efanelekayo empumalanga noma entshonalanga ifaneleka ngezinhlobo zasendlini ze-gerberas ebomvu.. Ehlangothini oluseningizimu, lesi sitshalo kumele sibe ne-pritenyat emini.

Izidingo zomhlaba

Inhlabathi yokutshala i-gerbera ebomvu kufanele ivule, igcwale futhi iqukethe umquba owunamanzi okwanele. Ngokungaphezu kwezinto eziphilayo, ama-flower stalks azokhishwa ngamandla.

Ungayinakekela kanjani?

Ukunakekela i-gerbera ebomvu akulula. Noma kunjalo, ukuthuthukiswa okugcwele kwesitshalo kudinga ukuhambisana nemibandela eminingi:

• Ukuchichima kokukhanya. Ukukhanyisa okuhle kakhulu kwe-gerbera kungukukhanya kwelanga ekuseni nakusihlwa, ntambama kungase kushise kakhulu. Igumbi kumele lihlale liphuza umoya - imbali ayibekezelelani izinto ezincane. Ebusika, kuyinto efiselekayo ukuhlinzeka i-gerbera ngokukhanyisa okufakelwayo, lokhu kuzokwandisa umsebenzi obalulekile wesitshalo futhi kukhulise isikhathi sokubhakabhaka.
• Ukushisa ihluka kuye kuye ngenkathi. Ehlobo, i-gerbera yaneliswa ukushisa kwama-20-25 degrees, ebusika ingancishiswa ibe yi-16-17 ngaphandle kokulimaza isitshalo. Emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kwama-degrees angu-10 imbali izogxila esimweni sokuphumula kuze kube yisikhathi esihle kakhulu.
• Ukunisela kufanele kube njalo, isitshalo asibekezeleli isomiso. Okufanelekile kakhulu kule njongo epholile amanzi avikela. Kudingekile ukuwazisa kahle i-gerbera; akuyona into engathandeki ukuvumela umswakama ukuba ufinyelele esitsheni sempande.
• Umswakama. Imvelo emanzi iyozuzisa i-gerbera, ngakho ukupuniza ngezikhathi ezithile akulimazi. Into eyinhloko ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ama-inflorescences ahlala eyomile.
• Umanyolo. Esikhathini esifudumele, ngesikhathi sesigaba sokukhula, imbali idinga ukondliwa okwengeziwe ngezinga eliphezulu le-nitrogen. Esikhathini sezinhlobo zomquba we-gerbera potassium kuzoba usizo.
• Ukufakelwa (ngezimo zamakamelo). Kukhiqizwa minyaka yonke lapho isitshalo sesiphelile futhi senehlela esimweni sokuphumula. Lokhu kudinga ibhodlela ngamamentimitha ambalwa ububanzi kunomkhawulo owedlule, ukugeleza kwebumba elandisiwe noma igravel kanye nenhlabathi ekhethekile ye-gerberas. Imbali isusiwe ebhodweni elidala nge-clod yomhlaba futhi ifakwe ibe yinto entsha.

Sincoma ukubheka izici zokunakekela i-gerbera ebomvu:

Izifo nezinambuzane

Njengazozonke izitshalo zasendlini, i-gerbera ebomvu ingagula (funda izifo ezijwayelekile kakhulu ze-gerbera nokuthi ungabelana kanjani nalesi sihloko). Isizathu salokhu singase sibe okuqukethwe okungalungile kwembali.

1. Alternaria. Lesi sifo sinesimo sefungal. Amaqabunga asitshalo ahlanganiswe nezindawo ezimnyama ezigqamile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kwezinye izimo, lesi sifo singase sibe nokuphuza kuphela kwamaqabunga. Ngaphansi kwezimo zokungcola okudlulele njalo kuncike ngokuqhakaza okumnyama.
   Ukunakwa: Ubuthakathaka i-gerbera, iphakamisa amathuba okuthuthukisa lesi sifo.
2. I-Gerbera Mosaic. Kubangelwa igciwane lomculo wekhukhamba. Isici esiyinhloko ukubonakala emaqabunga amabala aphuzi-aluhlaza ngobukhulu obuhlukahlukene nobubunjwa. Ukwelashwa kwenzeka ngezinambuzane, njenge-aphid.
3. Sclerotoniosis. Ubizwa ngokuthi i-fungus. Kuboniswe ngezindawo ezicindezelekile emaceleni amaqabunga, egcwele ukuqhakaza okukhanya. I-fungus ingaqhubeka enhlabathini isikhathi eside.
4. Idonsa likaMealy. Olunye uhlobo lwesifo sofungal, okuyinto izitshalo ezincane ezitholakala kalula. I-plaque emangcwabeni ivela kuma-petioles amaqabunga, iqala futhi ifaka isitshalo sonke. Ngaphandle kokungenelela okufika ngesikhathi, i-gerbera iyaphela.
5. Ukuphazamisa okwesikhashana. Kubonakala ngendlela yokomiswa kancane kwamacembe, kuqala kusuka ngaphandle, bese kuthi ngaphakathi. Okulandelayo kuqala ukubola izimpande.
6. Grey ukubola. Ukuqhakaza okukhanyayo kuthinta ama-inflorescences namaqabunga esihlahla. Lesi sifo sisakazeka emhlabathini nasemanzini.
7. Aphid. Iphumelela isitshalo sesitshalo, iphindwe ngejubane elikhulu. Isibungu se-spider Sakha i-web encane, ikwazi ukufaka imbali ngokuphelele.
8. I-Whitefly izibungu. Bondla isitshalo sesitshalo kulo lonke ukuthuthukiswa.

Izici zokuzala

Kunezindlela ezintathu eziyinhloko zokuzalanisa i-gerbera ebomvu: imbewu, ukuhlanganiswa noma ukwahlukanisa isihlahla.

• Ukusakazwa kwembewu. Lena yindlela ende kunazo zonke futhi esiningi kakhulu, ngakho-ke isetshenziswa njalo. Inkathi kusukela ekutshaleni imbewu kuze kube yimila kuthatha izinyanga ezingu-9-10.
• Cuttings. Kulesi simo, uzodinga ingxenye ye-gerbera stem eneqabunga, futhi isitshalo sesimama esingaphezu kweminyaka emithathu ubudala siyakufaneleka kakhulu. Emhlabathini owushisayo emva kwesonto, amahlumela amancane azovela.
• Uhlukanisa isihlahla. E-rhizome ye-gerbera encane, inhlawulo enhle, hhayi ukujula kakhulu. Beka i-cut efafazwe ngamalahle achotshoziwe nenhlabathi eyomile. Izimpande ezintsha ze-gerbera kufanele zivele ngenyanga. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, lesi sitshalo sihlukaniswe sibe izingxenye ezimbili futhi sitshalwe ezimbizeni ezihlukene.

Imininingwane yokuthi ungasakaza kanjani i-gerberas ekhaya nokunakekelwa okudingekayo okulandelwayo, ungathola ku-athikili yethu.

Ngakho-ke, i-gerbera ebomvu iphelele kubo bobabili abalimi nama-houseplants. Izidingo eziphansi kanye nokutholakala kwenza kube lula ukuzala nokukhulisa.