Isitshalo sezindlu esimangalisayo okuthiwa u-begonia Diadem - incazelo, izici zokunakekelwa nokukhiqiza

I-Begonia Diadem iyisitshalo esingapheli esibheka njenge-shrub enhle ngamaqabunga amangazayo, okuyinto lezi zinhlobo ezithola igama layo, ngoba ubuhle bayo buyohlobisa noma yiliphi igumbi langaphakathi noma ingadi yangaphambili.

Kulesi sihloko uzofunda ngezici ezihlukile ezihlukahlukene ezivela kwezinye izinhlobo ze-begonias. Futhi lapha uzothola incazelo ye-botanical yesitshalo nomlando wayo.

Indlela yokutshala imbali enjalo? Ungamnakekela kanjani? Iziphi izifo ezingalimaza lembali futhi zingabhubhisa kanjani? Le mibuzo kanye neminye imibuzo ongayiphendula ngayo lesi sihloko inikezwe umhlobiso we-begonia.

Incazelo ye-Botanical nomlando

I-Begonia Diadem iyisibhakabhaka esingapheliyo, ekwazi ukukhula kusuka ku-60 cm kuya kumitha ukuphakama (ezinye izinhlobo ze-cluster begonias kanye nezici zokulima kwazo zingatholakala kusihlokwana esithile). Lesi sitshalo satholwa kuqala yi-botanist evela eFrance, uCharles Plumier, ogama lakhe linguBegonia ngokuhlonipha uMichel Begone, umhleli we-expedition yosesho. Ivela emahlathini aseMelika naseNingizimu Ephakathi. Izimo ezithandekayo zokukhula - emahlathini emvula ashisayo nezintaba, okungenani amamitha angu-3000 ngaphezu kolwandle.

Izici zokubukeka

Emigqeni ende emisiwe yiziqabunga ezinkulu ezinama-asymmetric ezinemiphetho ejijiwe, ezifinyelela isilinganiso esingu-15 cm ubude no-10 cm ngobubanzi. Umbala oyinhloko uhlaza obumnyama, onomnqumo womnqumo, lapho amabala amhlophe ahluke khona, akhona ngaphesheya kwawo. Ngezinye izikhathi amaqabunga anemifino eluhlaza. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amaqabunga anombala obomvu (ukubuka kabanzi kwezinhlobonhlobo ze-begonias ngamaqabunga abomvu obomvu kungatholakala lapha).

I-Begonia Diadem iyaluqhakaza izimbali ezibomvu ezipendekile ezibomvucishe mhlophe. Ukuze kusetshenzwe kahle isihlahla, kufanele sijikeleze ngezikhathi ezithile.

Imithetho Yezokuvakasha Neziphakamiso

• Ukuze uthole igumbi begonias, ibhodlela elingajulile lingcono kakhulu ngo-3-4 cm ububanzi ngaphezu kwe-rhizome yesitshalo.
• Ukutshala (kanye nokufakelwa kabusha okulandelayo) kungcono okwenziwa entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokukhula okujulile kuqala.
• Masinyane emva kokutshala kabusha isitshalo singanisela.
• Lesi sitshalo sidinga ukufakelwa kwansuku zonke nokulondolozwa kwe-coma yonke impande.
• I-Begonia ingabuye itshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile. Kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi i-Begonia Diadem iyisitshalo se-rhizome, ngesikhathi sebandayo kufanele ifakwe embizeni futhi igcinwe endlini.
• Kungcono ukutshala iBegonia ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi ukuze kukhishwe ukuthi kungenzeka ukupholisa okubukhali.
• Kunconywa ukugcwalisa umgodi wokutshala ngokubunjwa kwenhlabathi okwenziwe ngomumo.
• Uma sekuvele kubanda noma imvula ngemuva kokutshala, kubalulekile ukumboza iBergonia nge polyethylene noma lutrasil ukuze kuvikelwe.
• Emasontweni ambalwa okuqala isitshalo singakhulelwa ngamanyolo ukunikeza uBegonias ngokushesha ukuthola amandla.
• Lapho kushisa kakhulu, lesi sitshalo singase siyeke ukukhula. Kulesi simo, kubalulekile ukukhulisa imvamisa yokuphuza nokuqapha inhlabathi.
• Ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba, i-Begonia ingacutshungulwa, kodwa ngaphambi kwalokho kubalulekile ukusika iziqu, ushiye ingxenye encane kuphela (cishe ngo-3 cm).

Ukukhanyisa nendawo

I-Begonias Tiaras imisebe eqondile yelanga iyonakalisa, ukukhanya okungcono kakhulu kukhanya okuhlakazekile noma umthunzi oyingxenye. I-Begonia yegumbi kumele ifakwe efasiteleni elinesilazi esimnyama, noma endaweni lapho ilanga lingena khona.

Izidingo zomhlaba

Okokuqala, ingxenye yesithathu yembiza igcwele amanzi (amatshe amatshe noma ubumba obunwetshiwe), bese u-2-3 cm wamalahle ukugwema ukubola kwezimpande. Ingxube yomhlabathi ingathengwa kakade ilungiselelwe, kodwa ungazenza. Lokhu kuzodinga:

• amaqabunga emhlabeni (izingxenye ezimbili);
• isihlabathi somfula;
• isikhumba esiphakeme;
• i-humus (ingafakwa endaweni ye-coniferous ne-sod).

Inhlabathi kufanele ibe ne-acidic encane (i-pH: 5.0 kuya ku-7.5).

Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa inhlanganisela yomhlabathi kufanele inzalo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele ufake ingxube emanzini okugeza futhi, emva kokubilisa, gcina ukushisa okuphansi amahora angu-1.5.

Ukunakekelwa okufanele

1. Umswakama olinganiselwe udinga uMhlahlandlela. Esikhathini esomile, lesi sitshalo sihlungiwe, ungabeka futhi imbiza epanini ngegrivel emanzi.
2. Qinisekisa ukugcina i-rhizome ihlale ishisa.
3. Kuyadingeka ukuba wenze izihlahla njalo ukuze uvuselele isitshalo futhi wenze kube kuhle nakakhulu. Amahlumela asomile namadala kumele asuswe ngokusabalalisa ngisho nokusebenza kahle kwezakhi zomzimba phakathi komqhele ne-rhizome.
4. Ngokushesha ngemva kokudubula, inani lamanzi kumele linciphise ngaphambi kokuvela kwamahlumela amasha.

   Ukuphulukiswa kwezicucu kuzosiza ukucubungula ngelahle elichotshoziwe.

5. Ukutshala i-Begonia ingaqala entwasahlobo. Kuze kube phakathi noJulayi, kungcono ukusebenzisa ama-nitrogen-containing containers (ammonium nitrate, urea). I-potassium-phosphate fertilizer (superphosphate noma i-potassium phosphate) ifaneleka engxenyeni yesibili yehlobo.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Isifo esivame kakhulu siyisitshalo sokubola.. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kunconywa ukuba umise kahle inhlabathi futhi ungabe usavumele amanzi. Ubufakazi obuningi bomswakama obuningi emhlabathini buyoba amaqabunga aphuzi.

Uma ukubola kutholakala emaqabungeni bese kuvela iziqu, khona-ke ukupompa okuvame njalo nokuningi kuvele.

Uma kungekho izimbali, futhi amaqabunga amasha ayabuthakathaka, lokhu kusho ukuthi inhlabathi ayinayo izakhi ezanele. I-Begonia kufanele ifakwe futhi ifakwe kabili ngenyanga.

Amabala amnyama ngokuqhakaza amaqabunga aseBegonia asho ukuthi i-bacterial wilt. Ukufafaza isitshalo nge-fungicide kuyosiza. Inqubo enjalo ingenziwa ngisho ne-Begonias enempilo, njengokuvimbela.

Phakathi kwezinambuzane eziyinhloko zaseBegonia yizinto ezilandelayo:

1. I-Whitefly Hothouse. Idla amaqabunga amaqabunga, emva kwalokho aqala ukuphaphatheka futhi aphele. Ithuluzi elihle kakhulu isisombululo sesepha (40g sensipho ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi), kodwa kunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akufinyeleli ezimpandeni.
2. Gallic nematode. Lapho i-nematode esitshalweni izoqala ukuvela ekukhuleni nasekukhuleni. Kubalulekile ukususa izindawo ezithintekile, futhi uchithe izimpande ngesilinganiso esincane se-0.05-0.2% se-Heterophos.
3. I-red spider mite ukuzenza iwebhu enhle ku-Begonia. Kubonakala sengathi isitshalo siphuziswa kakhulu futhi sigcinwe endaweni efudumele kakhulu. Isitshalo esithintekile sizosiza ukusindisa ukusifuthola kwesidakamizwa uDisis.
4. Ama-thrips abamba ukushisa - Kuyinto inambuzane enkulu emnyama eyenza kahle umswakama ophezulu. Amaqabunga aseBegonia ayenqabile futhi isitshalo sesima. Ungakwazi ukulwa nesisombululo sesepha.

Ukuzala

I-Begonia Diadem ivame ukusabalaliswa yi-stem cutting. Kodwa, ngaphandle kwalokho, i-Begonia inganda ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla, imbewu, amaqabunga, ngisho nengxenye yamashidi.

1. Isiqu seqabunga noma iqabunga kufanele ligxilwe ku-substrate (isihlabathi ne-peat ngokuvamile zisetshenziselwa, noma i-sphagnum moss).
2. Ukusheshisa ukukhula, ungakwazi ukucubungula iphuzu lokusika ngesisombululo samanzi, uju kanye nejusi elisha le-aloe.

I-Begonia Diadem isitshalo esihle esingenakuzithoba. Ngokunakekelwa kahle, isihlahla esihle sizojabulisa iso namaqabunga awo angavamile iminyaka eminingi.