I-Dracaena - enye yezitshalo ezivame kakhulu zasendlini nezasehhovisi, yathuthela kithi ezivela ezindaweni ezishisayo zaseNingizimu Melika, eMpumalanga naseCentral Africa, eNdiya naseCanary Islands.
Ukuze imbali ijabulise iso ngokubukeka kwayo okuhle, kubalulekile ukuyihlinzeka ngokunakekelwa okufanele, futhi kuqala kokunakekelwa kwenhlabathi. Indlela yokukhetha nokuhlakulela inhlabathi yezakhiwo zegumbi, funda.
Izici ukunakekelwa kwesigcawu sesiteji
U-Dracaena wakwazi ukuzibonakalisa njengesiko esingenakuzithoba. Ukunakekelwa kwembali ngeke kudinga umsebenzi omningi futhi ngeke uletha inkathazo.
Uyazi? Igama laleli hlobo lembali libolekwa egameni lesiGreki elithi "drakainia", elihunyushwe ngokuthi "udrako wesifazane". Leli gama livela ngenxa yokuthi ngeziqu zezinhlobo ezithile zeziko, emva kokuphazamiseka nokulimala, ijusi elibomvu (i-gum) likhishwa, okuyinto abantu bomdabu abahambisana negazi legrako.
Iqukethe okulandelayo:
- Ukuhlinzeka ngesitshalo ngokukhanyisa kahle. Phakathi kwezici eziyinhloko ze-dracaena inothando, ngakho indawo engcono kakhulu kuyoba izingxenye ezisenyakatho noma empumalanga zendlu eduze kwamafasitela. Naphezu kwalokhu, imbali ayamukeleli ilanga eliqondile, kungcono ukumnikeza ukukhanya okungafani.
- Inhlangano yokuchelela okufanele. Amasiko ahlukile umswakama-onothando. Izinto ezifana nendawo yembali, ubukhulu besitsha sayo, izici zenhlanganisela yenhlabathi, kanye nenkathi ingathonya imvamisa yokunisela. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukuba amanzi amanzi adracaena kuphela lapho ungqimba oluphezulu lwabumba luma 2-3 cm. Ehlobo, ukoma okunjalo kwenzeka ezinsukwini ezimbili, ngakho-ke isiko selinisela njalo ezinsukwini ezimbili, ebusika ukuchelela kuncishisiwe kuze kube yisikhathi ezinsukwini ezintathu.
- Ukuqinisekisa imbali ukushisa okungamukelekile - + 20 ... + 25 º C ehlobo futhi akukho ngaphansi kuka-15 º C ebusika. Ehlobo, kunconywa ukuhambisa ibhodlela emoyeni omusha.
- Umanyolo. Kunconywa ukuthi ukondle i-dracaena kuphela uma ikhula ngokukhulayo - kusukela ngoMashi kuya kuSeptemba. Ukuvama - isikhathi esingu-1 ezinsukwini ezingu-14. Ukuze umanyolo okhethekile kufanele uxhumane nesitolo sembali. Abalimi bembali abahlangenwe nakho baxwayiswa ukuba bathathe "uDktatsena", "New Ideal", "Rainbow", "Ideal", ngokucophelela ukulandelela izilinganiso ezichazwe kule miyalelo.
- Ukunikeza umswakama odingekayo. Ngenxa yemvelaphi yaso eshisayo, isiko sibheke emswakama ophezulu, ngakho-ke kufaneleka ukuvikela amahlamvu awo ekumeni futhi ewufake njalo. I-flowerpot ikakhulukazi idinga ukupunika eshisini sezulu esishisayo noma ebusika uma iseduze nokushisa amadivayisi, okuyinto, ngendlela, ayamukelekile.
- Ukukhipha ukufakelwa. Lesi sitshalo sidinga le nqubo kanye njalo eminyakeni emibili. Kufanele kwenziwe ngoMashi noma ngo-Ephreli. Uma imbali ingeneminyaka engu-5 ubudala, kufanele isetshenziswe njalo ngonyaka.
Kubalulekile! "Udrako wesifazane" kufanele ivikelwe kusuka kumashidi. Kumele uqinisekise ukuthi awunqanyuli kahle, ngoba ukunyuka kwamanzi kungasithinta kakhulu imbali, njengomile owomile.
Ukwakhiwa okufanelekayo kanye nezidingo zezingxube
Ukuze uthole impilo efanele, ukukhula okufanele nentuthuko ye-dragon-imbewu kufanele itshalwe enxanxaneni efanele. Kuncike kwikhwalithi yenhlabathi indlela isiko elizophila ngayo kanye nokushisa kwamaqabunga ayo. Imbali ayifani uma ifuna phansi, kodwa kusengcono ukuyikhetha noma ukuyilungiselela ingxenyana egciniwe kahle nge-peat admixture. Inkomba ekahle ye-acidity i-pH 6-6.5.
Phakathi kwezici zenhlabathi kufanele kube ukuhleleka, ukukhanya, ukukhanya kwamanzi kanye namanzi. Kulula futhi kulula ukuthenga inhlanganisela yenhlabathi edingekayo esitolo esikhethekile. Kodwa ngezithako ezifanele, kuyoba lula ukuzilungiselela ngokwakho. Ngakho-ke, ukutshala nokufakelwa kabusha kungcono ukusebenzisa noma yikuphi ukungxube kwebumba, kodwa ukukhetha kufanele kunikezwe lula.
Ingxube yomhlaba
I-substrate ekahle ye-dracaena izoba ingxube yombumba elungiselelwe kusuka ezweni elingu-turf, inhlabathi elukhuni, isihlabathi esinamafutha, i-peat kanye ne-humus ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo.
Kubalulekile! Ngaphandle kwemithombo emihle, ngisho nasesimweni esihle kakhulu sekhwalithi, imbali ingase ingazizwa ikhululekile, ezokwenza ithinte ukubonakala kwayo, ngakho-ke ungqimba lwamanzi obanzi olunwetshiwe noma izitini eziphukile kufanele ukuthi zingene ebhodweni. Ukuphakama kwesendlalelo se-drainage kufanele sibe ngu-0.1 kokuphakama kwebhodlela.
Umxube okhanyayo
Kunezinketho eziningi zokwenza izingxube zomhlabathi ezikhanyayo ze-dracaena.
Isakhiwo sesithandwa kakhulu sihlanganisa izingxenye ezilandelayo:
- amaqabunga emhlabeni (izingxenye ezintathu);
- umhlaba we-sod (ingxenye 1);
- isanti (ingxenye engu-1).
Abanini bezolimo banconywa ukuthi balungise ingxube yenkambiso, besebenzisa i-peat, ikhukhamba fiber, isihlabathi kanye nobumba obunwe ngo-1: 1: 1: 1. Inketho enhle engxenyeni yokukhanya ye-dracaeni ingaba umhlabathi olungiselelwe kusuka ezingxenyeni ezimbili zomhlabathi omile, izingxenye ezingu-6 zomhlaba we-sod, izingxenye ezimbili zesanti, 1/10 ingxenye yamalahle. Amalahle asetshenziswa njenge-powder yokubhaka, izitini ezichotshoziwe nazo zenza imisebenzi efanayo. I-substrate elungiselelwe kumele ikhunjulwe nge-irrigation ngekhambi le-manganese noma ukugcoba kuhhavini (ngisho naku-microwave).
Indlela yokukhetha i-primer eyenziwe ngomumo
Ku-dracaena, kokubili i-substrate egcwele yonke indawo edayiswa ezitolo zezimbali kanye nezinhlanganisela zomhlabathi zezindwangu nezitshalo ezinkulu zifanelekile. Lapho ukhetha ukuthengwa komhlaba nge-dracaena, kufanele ufunde ngokucophelela izibuyekezo mayelana nayo ku-intanethi, futhi uthole ulwazi oludingekile kubangani bakho bezitshalo.
Kubalulekile! Naphezu kokuqinisekiswa komkhiqizi, inhlabathi ethengiwe kufanele iphinde ihlonishwe.
Okuthandayo kufanele kunikezwe kubakhiqizi abakhulu abakhiqiza imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene yabalimi bezimbali nabalimi. Futhi, uma uthenga i-substrate, unake umswakama womhlabathi onikezwe wona (kumele ube olinganiselayo) kanye nekhwalithi yayo: uma iphunga elimhlophe liphuma emhlabathini noma ezinambuzane litholakala kuyo, akufanele ukuzithenga.
Phakathi kwezinzuzo zokuthengwa kwenhlabathi kungaphawulwa:
- ukuba khona kwezingxenye ezidingekayo ngokulingana okulungile;
- inani lokudla okunempilo, okuyinto abakhiqizi abakhuphuka ngokusebenzisa umanyolo we-biohumus neyinkimbinkimbi yamaminerali;
- okuqukethwe kokuhlelwa kwezakhi (isihlabathi somfula, i-agroperlite);
- izinkomba ezinhle zamanzi nomoya wokuphelela, ukukhululeka, inani lokudla okunomsoco.
Phakathi kokungabikho kwe-substrate ezithengiwe, kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuthi kungenzeka ukungafani kokubunjwa okucacisiwe (uma kwenzeka kube ne-replicator engalungile). Kusukela ekuthengeni kwe-low-quality substrate nokusebenza okuncane okunomsoco akukho muntu ophephile. Abadayisi bezimbali abanolwazi bayelulekwa ukuba bathenge izitshalo zomhlabathi ezivela e-Ecoflora, Garden of Miracles, Vermion, kanye nezinkampani zaseTerra Vita.
Yiziphi izithako ezidingekayo kwisitshalo?
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinga lokudla okunomsoco wezwe, kuphakanyiswa ukuba wengezele ekufakeni kwayo ufulawa wama dolomite, i-phosphorus, i-potash ne-nitrogen izingxenye, okubangela ukukhula okusheshayo kwe-dracaena, kuthinte kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa nokukhula kwayo. Ukukhipha amalahle kubhekene nezinkuni.
Uyazi? Ngokusho kwezinkolelo zabantu, i-dracaena iveza isimo sokuvumelana, ukuthakazelelwa, umthwalo wemfanelo, ngakho-ke ukutholakala kwayo kwamukelwa kokubili ezakhiweni zokuhlala nasehhovisi nasezakhiweni zomphakathi.
Izeluleko zokulima
Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho babonisa ezinye izimfihlo zokulima nokuphumelela kwezihlahla ze-dragon.
- Uma ukufakelwa kabusha kudingekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izimpande zembali azixhumani nohlaka lwamanzi.
- Kungcono ukutshala isiko ngendlela yokuguqula, okungukuthi, ngaphandle kokubhubhisa inhlabathi.
- Ungatshali izithelo ze-dragon endaweni ye-substrate yobumba.
- Ngemuva kokuthola imbali, kungcono ukuyifakelwa ngokushesha, ukukhetha ikhono elifanele kanye nesimiso esihle sempilo.
- Uhlelo lwempande lendabuko landa njalo ngonyaka ngo-1-2 cm, ngakho amandla okufakelwa kabusha kufanele abe ngu-2-3 cm ubukhulu obubanzi ukusuka kulowo owedlule.
- Ungahlola isidingo sokufakelwa kabusha i-dracaenas ngokuqhathanisa ukukhula kwesitshalo nobubanzi be-tank: uma imbali ifike ekuphakameni kwama-40 cm, ububanzi bendawo kufanele bube okungenani ngu-15 cm.
- Ngemuva kokuphela kwenqubo, kubalulekile ukuhambisa umhlabathi, mhlawumbe ngokufaka "iZircon" (ukukhula kwe-stimulator).
