Ngokuqinisekile uNeoregelia unxusa bonke abathandi bezitshalo ezingavamile zasendlini, ikakhulukazi labo asebekhulile kakade izindlu zamanye amalungu omndeni wakwaBromelia. Ayabaluleka nje kuphela ngokubukeka okukhangayo, kodwa futhi nokukhululeka kokunakekelwa, ngakho-ke uma usitshala isitshalo, ngeke kudingeke uyinake njalo. Sikumema ukuthi ufunde kabanzi mayelana nale mbali exotic.
Incazelo ye-Botanical yezitshalo zasendlini
Phakathi kwababameli be-neoregelii yohlobo olutholakala njenge-epiphytes, nezitshalo zomhlaba. Endaweni yabo yemvelo, zingatholakala ezingxenyeni ezisempumalanga zaseColombia nasePeru, kanye nasensimini ye-Ecuador, lapho lezi zimbali zikhetha khona ikakhulukazi izixuku zokuphila. 
Amaqabunga aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka wesitshalo ahlanganisa i-rosette enesibindi. Wonke amapulethi wekhasi anesimo esifana nesibhande, futhi emaphethelweni awo angabhebheza futhi ahlotshiswe ngemifino encane. Eyingxenyeni ephakathi kwe-rosette, umbala wamahlamvu uvame ukukhanya okwesibhakabhaka noma omhlophe, kodwa uma i-inflorescence ivela, ngaphakathi noma ekupheleni kwamagqabi ngokwawo abe obomvu ogcwele.
I-inflorescence ebonakalayo inesimo se-racemose futhi ikhula esikhwameni samaqabunga amaqabunga. Zonke izimbali zincane, zigcinwe ngokuqinile kwi-axils ye-bracts. Umbala wabo uhlukahluka kuye ngokuthi uhlobo lwe-neoregelia futhi lungaba lubala okwesibhakabhaka, olumhlophe noma olubomvu. Ekupheleni kwezimbali eziqhakaza zivela ku-izitshalo - amajikijolo, agcwele inani elikhulu lezinhlamvu ezinamaqanda.
Uyazi? Ezindaweni zasemapulazini zasendlini, isitshalo esichazwe kahle sakhula kakhulu kubantu abanesimo esithambile nesiyinkimbinkimbi, abakwazi ukushintsha kube nzima nakakhulu ezimweni ezithile. Amathiphu aqondile amaqabunga athola amandla angalungile, ngakho-ke lesi sitshalo kufanele sibekwe emakamelweni okuhlala kanye nemikhumbi.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko
Emadolobheni aseMelika eNingizimu Afrika, ungathola izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-60 zama-neoregels, kodwa ezimbalwa zazo zivame ukuvuna izimbali zasendlini:
- Carolina - isitshalo esingapheli se-epiphytic esineziqabunga ezikhanyayo ezihlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye namaphethelo amaqabunga amaqabunga amaqabunga. Ekude, bavame ukufika ngamasentimitha angu-60, ububanzi obungaba ngu-4 cm. I-rosette yesitshalo ngasinye sinamaqabunga angama-20, awenza umfutho. Phakathi nenkathi yezimbali, emaphethelweni amaqabunga abe abomvu okukhanyayo, futhi i-inflorescence elula equkethe inani elikhulu lezimbali eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka likhula kusukela enkabeni ye-rosette. Zonke zazo ziphethwe yi-bracts emhlophe-eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ezimweni ezikhula kahle, izitshalo zezimbali zingabonwa unyaka wonke.
- IMarble - Okunye okuhlala isikhathi eside nge-rosettes emisebhisi eqinile futhi eside (kuze kube ngu-60 cm), ubhekise emaphethelweni amaqabunga. Amaphethelo amaqabunga amaqabunga aphihliwe, ahlanganiswe namabala. Ukusuka ngaphandle, ubuso bamaqabunga bukhulu kakhulu kunezingaphakathi. Ngaphambi kwamachashazi ebusweni bamaqabunga ukwanda usayizi futhi ngokuvamile uhlangana ndawonye ezindaweni ezihlukene. I-inflorescence ibanjwe i-peduncle encane, futhi izimbali ezimhlophe nezibomvu (2-3 cm ngamunye) zivela kuphela ngoJuni.
- Kuhle - ukubukeka okukhazimulayo ngamaqabunga amakhulu amahlamvu ombala obala obala. Ubude babo buvame ukufika ku-40 cm, futhi emaphethelweni aqoshiwe e-pink ekhanyayo noma ebomvu. Ukuqhakaza kwe-neoreglia enjalo kungabonwa kabili ngonyaka: kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuFebruwari futhi kusukela ngoJuni kuya kuJulayi, lapho izimbali ze-bluish zivela kuwo (ubude be-Buddha ngayinye ngu 2-3 cm).
- I-gloomy - Ngokungafani nezinhlobo zangaphambilini, ama-funnel amaqabunga amancane kakhulu kule noregelia. Amaqabunga akhula kuphela ku-40 cm, ububanzi buka 2-3 cm. Izindawo ezincane ezimpunga zibonakala ngokucacile kuwo wonke ama-surface angaphandle, kodwa ama-transverse strips awakhipha endaweni yangaphakathi. Izitshalo eziqhakaza ziqala ngo-Agasti, lapho imvelaphi yebracts ebomvu ivela emaceleni aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ka-1.5 cm ngamunye.
- Ibhola - izinhlobo ezenza amahlathi amancane. Ubude bamacwecwe amacembe kuleli cala akudluli ku-20 cm, ububanzi buka-1.5 cm. Ohlangothini lwangaphandle kunemivimbo eqondile ebomvu ebusweni beqabunga. I-inflorescence igxilile kakhulu kulelo shilo futhi limelelwa yinhlanganisela yezimbali eziningana ezihlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezivela ngo-Ephreli kuya ku-Agasti.
- I-Tiger Le epiphyte ehlala njalo ibonakala ngokuhlobisa okukhulu, okuchazwa yijamo engavamile kanye nombala wamapuleti amaqabunga. Ngokungafani nezitshalo ezinamaqabunga aluhlaza okwejwayelekile, le nhlobo inezinhlamvu eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nemigqa ye-burgundy. Ekude, amaqabunga angadluli ku-10-13 cm, futhi akhula ububanzi buka-1-1.5 cm ububanzi. I-inflorescence inkulu kakhulu, igcinwa nge-peduncle emfushane. Iqukethe izimbali eziningi ezibomvu ezibomvu, ezenzeka ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
Izimo zokukhula ekhaya
Ukukhetha izitshalo ezishisayo zokukhula komzimba, kufanele uqaphele izinga lokukhanyisa, izinkomba zokushisa kanye nomswakama endlini. Cabanga ngezidingo zeNeoreghelia kule ndaba.
Kubalulekile! Kungakhathaliseki uhlobo lwe-neoreghelium ekhethiwe, zonke izitshalo zidinga izinga eliphakeme lomswakama, okungachazwa yibo abahlala emndenini we-Bromeliad (izitshalo kulo mndeni zikhula emazweni ashisayo endle, enomswakama ophakeme njalo endaweni yemvelo).
Indawo nokukhanyisa
Njengoba ehlala emazweni ashisayo, uNeoregelia ukhetha ukukhanya okukhulu, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ahlukaniswe ukukhanya kwelanga. Ukukhanya kwelanga ngokuqondile emaqabunga kungabangela ibala - ukushisa okwehlukile okuphazamisa ukukhangisa kwesitshalo.
Ehlobo, kungcono ukubeka ibhodlela eduze kwamafasitela aseningizimu-ntshonalanga noma eningizimu-ntshonalanga, kodwa uma isikhathi semini umsebenzi wezangale uvamile kakhulu, ngeke ube khona endaweni eya emaphandleni kancane noma amakhethini. 
Esikhathini esibandayo, lapho ukukhanya kwemvelo kuhamba kancane, ungakwazi ukukhanyisa i-neoreglia nge-fitolamps ekhethekile. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umthombo wokukhanya awusondelene no-1 m kusuka esitshalweni.
Izimo zokushisa
Izimo zokushisa ezifanele ze-neoreghelia zithembele kule nkathi. Ngenkathi efudumele yasentwasahlobo-ehlobo, izinkomba ze-thermometer zingafinyelela + 20 ... + 25 ° C, kodwa kusukela ekuqaleni kwekwindla kuze kufike entwasahlobo, ukushisa kwamakamelo kugcinwe ku-16 ° C, okuqinisekisa ukukhula kwezimbali zesitshalo kuze kube izinyanga eziyisithupha noma ngaphezulu .
Kubalulekile! Egumbini nalokhu ebhodini elingajwayelekile kudingeka uhlele umoya ohlala njalo, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo qiniseka ukugwema ama-drafts. Ehlobo kuyasiza ukuthatha ibhodlela egumbini, kodwa kuphela uma livikelwe elangeni elivuthayo kanye nemvula.
Umswakama womoya
Umswakama ophezulu womoya ungenye yezimiso eziyisihluthulelo okufanele uzinake lapho ukhetha indawo efanelekayo yembali. Ngokwemvelo evulekile, ayinakho umswakama, ngakho-ke, endlini, lezi zibalo kufanele zenyuke zibe ngu-60% noma ngaphezulu. 
Izindawo ezifanele kunazo zonke izithameli ezishisayo zizoba izithombo zokugcina izithombo noma izithombo zokugcina izithombo zokulala, futhi lapho kungekho khona kuzodingeka uchithe njalo amaqabunga ngamanzi acwecwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyoba usizo ukufaka ibhodlela epanethi ngobumba obunwetshiwe obunamanzi bese usula amapulethi amashidi ngendwangu emanzi.
Kubalulekile! Ingaphansi ebhodweni akufanele ivumeleke ukuba ihlangane namanzi nge-neoregelia, futhi amanzi kufanele aqoqe esimweni. Lokhu kuzoholela ekutheni okusheshayo kohlelo lwempande nokufa kwesitshalo sonke.
Ukunakekelwa kwekhaya
Imithetho yokunakekelwa kwe-neoreghelia isekelwe kuzici zezinye izitshalo ezishisayo. Ukunakwa okukhudlwana kumele kuhokhwe ekunisela, ukufaka umanyolo nokufakelwa kabusha. Futhi, ungakhohlwa ngama-nuances we-pruning kanye nezidingo zokukhiqiza izitshalo.
Imithetho yokunisela
Ukunisela i-Neoregelia kuhilela ukuthulula amanzi emagcini amahlamvu, okuyisici esivamile kuzo zonke izitshalo zomndeni wakwaBromeliad. Isikhathi esihle sokugcoba ibhodlela kusasa ekuseni, lapho izinsalela zomswakama zingashintsha ngokushesha ngaphansi kwemisebe yelanga elikhulayo. Uma ngemva kwamahora angu-3-4 emva kokuphuza emagqabeni amaqabunga namanzi, kungcono ukukhipha. 
Esikhathini esomile, awukwazi nje kuphela ukuwahambisa i-rosette yeshidi, kodwa futhi uhambisa kancane inhlabathi ebhodweni. Ebusika, ukwethulwa kohlobo olusetshenzisiwe kuyanciphisa, futhi uma izinga lokushisa lihlehlela ku-20 ° C noma ngaphansi, ukuchelela kumile ngokuphelele. Ukufafaza kuphela okushiya ibhodlela le-spray kubhekwa njengokuvumelekile ngalesi sikhathi.
Uma ukhula izinhlobo ze-epiphytic (ezikhulayo ezihlahleni), okuyizinto ezijwayelekile kakhulu zokugcina izithombo zokugcina izithombo noma izithombo zokugcina izitshalo, izitshalo zisuswa ngezikhathi ezithile futhi zifakwe ngokuphelele emgodini ngamanzi, khona-ke ziyomile kahle futhi zibuyele endaweni yazo yasekuqaleni. Isiketshezi esetshenziselwa ukuchelela noma ukugeza kumele ngaso sonke isikhathi sibe nesithambile nesifudumele.
Uyazi? Izindlu zendlu zingakwazi ukuzwa imizwelo yabantu. Okokuqala, ngosizo lomtshina wamanga, lokhu kwaphawulwa umcwaningi C. uBaxter (waseU.SA), owayesefunde igumbi legadrako. Waxhuma idivayisi emaqabunga ayo futhi wathululela imbali, emva kwalokho amamaki angavamile avela kumtshina, okwakubhekwa ososayensi njengendlela yokusabela kahle kokubonakala komswakama.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Imvamisa enhle yokufaka umanyolo izitshalo ezichazwe ezitshisayo - cishe isikhathi esisodwa ngenyanga, kusukela ngo-Mashi kuya ku-Okthoba. Ebusika, uNeoregelia akadingi izakhi futhi, lapho izinga lokushisa lihla, liya ekuphumuleni. Ngomsebenzi wamanyolo, ukuxuba okwenzelwe ukudla okunomsoco we-bromeliad pot pot flowers kuyinto enhle, nakuba kuyinto efiselekayo ukunciphisa umthamo ngezikhathi ezimbili kusukela kwamanani abonisiwe ephaketheni. Ukuqeda umanyolo emanzini, kudinga ukuthululelwa ezitsheni noma kusetshenziswe amaqabunga ebhodleleni le-spray. 
Ukudubula
Lapho sekuqediwe izimbali, umsila womama uyafa ngokushesha, futhi ungasuswa ngesikhathi sokufakelwa okulandelayo, futhi izinsika ezincane zingatshala eziqukathi ezihlukene. Ukusika izihlahla ezikhona okumele kuhloswe kungenziwa kuphela ngenhloso yokuhlanzeka: ukususa izingxenye ezinomile, ezibolile noma ezilimazayo.
Ukufakelwa
Kudingeka ukufakelwa ku-neoregelia kuphela uma kunesidingo - uma ibhodlela seliba yincane kakhulu noma ngemuva kokuphela kwesitolo. Ngalokhu, insimu ejwayelekile yomhlabathi ye-bromeliads iyafaneleka - into eyinhloko ukuthi kufanele ibe nokuphefumula okwanele nokuphefumula, okuvumela isitshalo ukuba "siphefumule."
Funda kabanzi mayelana nokufakelwa kahle kwezitshalo zasendlini.
Njengengxenye yenhlanganisela yenhlabathi yokwakha kumele kube khona i-sphagnum ne-pine bark, efana nazo zonke izitshalo ze-epiphytic. Inqubo yokufakelwa kabusha i-neoreglia ilula, kodwa idinga ukunakekelwa okukhulu uma wenza zonke izenzo: uxhumano nesistimu yempande kufanele kube mncane, ikakhulukazi uma uhlukanisa izitolo ezintsha ezivela kubomama abafile.
Ukulandelana kwenqubo kanje:
- Lungisa ibhodlela elisha, ligcwalise ngo-1/3 wesendlalelo se-drainage kanye nengxenye ugcwalise ngenhlanganisela yenhlabathi.
- Susa ngokucophelela isitshalo esivela esitsheni sangaphambili bese usibeka esisha, uqaphele ukuthi ungalimazi izimpande.
- Ukumboza isikhala esisele eduze nesimiso sempande ngomhlabathi, kuyilapho ukulawula ukujula kwentamo: ngisho nenani elincane le-substrate elawela kuso lingalalela ekufeni kwesitshalo ngenxa yokubola okusheshayo.
Abantu abadala emva kokufakelwa kabusha bangasheshe bahlale endaweni efanayo lapho bekhulile khona ngaphambi kwenqubo, kodwa ezindaweni zokuhlukanisa ezincane kungcono ukhethe igumbi elinamazinga okushisa angaphansi kwe + 22 ° C futhi kungenzeka ukuthi ukushisa indawo ebhodini imile ngayo. Lesi sici sizosiza ekuqhumeni okusheshayo.Ukuzala
Uma ukhula neoregelia ekhaya, izitshalo ezintsha zingatholakala kokubili ngendlela yemifino nezenzalo. Cabanga ngalunye lwezinketho ezikhona.
Izitolo Zengane
Lena yindlela elula yokukhiqiza, hhayi nje kuphela imbali echazwe, kodwa futhi nanoma yisiphi esinye isitshalo esivela emndenini weBromeliad. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, ngamunye wabo udala inqwaba yezinqubo ezintsha ezinezimpande zabo. Zingahlukaniswa nesitshalo somama ngokushesha nje lapho amahlamvu 3-4 okuqala avela ekungeneni kwengane.
Funda futhi, ukuthi ungondla kanjani izitshalo zasendlini.
Inqubo yokuhlukanisa ilula futhi iphinda ngezindlela eziningi izenzo ezenziwa ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kabusha kwe-neoregelia:
- Gcwalisa ibhodlela elilungiselelwe (noma izimbiza) ngendwangu yokudonsa amanzi kanye nenani elilinganayo lokuxuba kwenhlabathi (cishe ingxenye).
- Susa isitshalo bese uhlukanisa ngokucophelela inani elifunayo lezivakashi ezifanelekayo, ubeke ngamunye wabo ekutshaleni kwawo.
- Ukumboza izimpande nomhlabathi osele, ushiye i-collar yezimpande ngaphezu komhlabathi.
- Ukumboza isitshalo ngasinye esincane ngebhodlela lokusika bese ulibeka ekamelweni elinamazinga okushisa angaphansi kuka-25 ° C.
Ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo kwezimbali ezitshaliwe kuncishiswe ukuphuza umoya wansuku zonke (ngaphandle kwemidwebo) kanye nokunyuka kwenhlabathi ngezikhathi ezithile. Uma nje uqaphela ukuqala kabusha kokukhula, ungakwazi ukususa indawo yokukhosela futhi kancane kancane ufundise ama-neoregels amancane ezimweni ezijwayelekile zokukhula, ukwandisa isikhathi sokuguqula amasonto amaningana (ushintsho ezingeni lomswakama kanye nemibandela yokushisa kufanele lenzeke kancane kancane).Imbewu
Lapho ukukhiqizwa kwenzalo kuthatha umzamo omncane. Okokuqala, imbewu efunyenwe kufanele ifakwe kwisisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate (cishe amahora angu-2-3), bese isomile futhi ekugcineni ihlwanyelwe ezitshalweni ezigcwala izitshalo ezinomsoco.
Uzoba nesithakazelo sokwazi ukukhulisa i-bakopu kusuka kumbewu.
Kunconywa ukujulisa imbewu ngokungabi ngaphezu kuka-0.5 cm, noma nje ukufafaza kancane phezu kwenhlabathi. Amabhokisi anezithombo kufanele ahlanganiswe ngilazi futhi athuthele endaweni enezinga lokushisa elizinzile lika-25 ... + 27 ° C.
Nge-ventilation yansuku zonke kanye nokwanela okwanele kwe-substrate (mhlawumbe kusuka ku-sprinkler), amahlumela okuqala azovela zingakapheli amasonto amabili, futhi emva kwezinyanga ezimbili ungacabanga ngokutshala izitshalo ezikhulile endaweni yokuhlala unomphela. Ngalendlela yokukhiqiza, ukuqhuma kokuqala kwe-neoreghelia kungabonwa kuphela ngonyaka wesine emva kokuhlwanyela. 
Izifo nezinambuzane
Izifo nezinambuzane zisongela i-neoreghelia uma kwenzeka ukwephulwa kwezidingo zokunakekelwa nezimo ezikhulayo. Kulezi zinambuzane uvame ukuhlushwa. ama-mealybugs, ama-aphid, izinambuzane zesicabucabu nezinambuzane ezincane, kanti lezi zinsuku zimelelwa izinhlobo ezithile - isihlangu se-bromeliad (ihlala emaqabunga futhi iholela ekuqothulweni kwayo ngokushesha).
Funda futhi indlela yokubhekana ne-mealybug.
Azikho izindlela ezithandwayo zokulawulwa kwezinambuzane ezingeke zizisize lapha, ngakho-ke, uma izibonakaliso zokuqala zenkinga, kungcono ukuthi uphenduke ngokushesha ekulungiseleleni izinambuzane, isibonelo, i-Aktellica, i-Fufanon noma i-Karbofos, uwasebenzise esilinganisweni esichazwe umenzi.
Kulezi zifo, okuyingozi kakhulu kubhekwa Fusarium, imbangela eyinhloko yalokho okungahambisani nakho kwenhlabathi. Ngokujwayelekile okujwayelekile ngesikhathi samanzi, kungenzeka ukuthi ulondoloze isitshalo, kodwa ngokunqotshwa okunamandla ngokubola kusuka ku-neoreghelium kuyadingeka ukuqeda. 
Ezinye izinkinga ekukhuleni imbali zihlanganisa ukubonakala kwezindawo ezikhanyayo noma ezimhlophe emaqabunga, ngenxa yokukhanya kwelanga, kanye nokomiswa kweziphuzu zamacwecwe amaphepha ngenxa yomswakama owenziwe ngomoya ophezulu ekamelweni.
Uma unakekela i-neoreghelia, uhlale uyihlola ngokucophelela, ngoba yilapho kuphela indlela oyokwazi ukuyiqaphela ngayo inkinga ngesikhathi esifanele, uzivikele ekuhluphekeni okukhulu nokulahlekelwa yimbali. Uma kungenjalo, lesi sitshalo esishisayo siyisixazululo esihle kulabo abafuna ngandlela-thile ukuhlukanisa imifino yabo yasekhaya.
