Usuneminyaka eminingi ukhula raspberries futhi namanje awunayo indlela yokuthola isivuno esihle? Ukhathele nzalo yaseYurophu enamajikijolo amnandi ngokumangazayo, kepha adinga ukunakekelwa okubucayi? Ngabe uyaphupha ukuthi ama-raspberries akhule eyedwa, ngaphandle kokutshala phansi, ama-garters aya e-trellis, ekukhuleni kukhula? Ngabe ufuna ukukhulisa ifomu lokulungisa elikhiqizayo ezimweni zezulu ezinzima? Lapho-ke ama-raspberries amahle afanayo negama elihlekisayo elithi Penguin kungenzeka akwenzelwe.
Umlando We-raspberry Penguin Ukukhula
Umlobi wale raspberry ngu-Ivan Vasilievich Kazakov, umfuyi usosayensi ovelele waseRussia nososayensi. Kwakunguye owaba ngumsunguli wenkomba entsha yezwe lethu - okusajingijolo wohlobo lokulungisa izinto, wadala izinhlobo zesimanje ezingenawo ama-analogues emhlabeni. Ezinye zazo yilezi: ezilungele ukuvuna imishini, ukukhiqiza kakhulu (10- 20 t / ha), ukumelana nezifo, izilokazane nezimo zezulu eziphikisayo, ezikwazi ukukhula ezindaweni ezihlukile zezulu.
Ividiyo: umbhali webanga I.V. Kazakov kanye nama-raspberries akhe kuRadio Russia
Indalo kaKazakov yakha isisekelo sokungeniswa okungajwayelekile kwamaRussia ngama-raspberries. UPenguin ungena kuyo. Izinhlobonhlobo zavela ekuqaleni kweminyaka yo-2000 kanti kuze kube namuhla kuyindaba yokuxoxisana okungenangqondo mayelana nokunambitheka kwamajikijolo awo. Amateurs nabalimi bakhulisa le raspberry. Futhi wonke umuntu uchaza ukunambitheka ngendlela yabo: omuncu, omnandi, omusha, omuncu-omnandi, omnandi nosawoti. Kukhona amazwi anjengalawa: "Ngonyaka odlule bengigqoka, kepha kulokhu - ngithanda ukunambitheka." Kepha ama-aesthetes aphathelene nePenguin awaphikisi, wonke umuntu ubiza izihlahla zakhe ngobuhle ngokumangazayo. Kwesinye isikhathi bade bazisole ngokukha amajikijolo, ngeke bayeke ukuyibuka.
I-penguin bush imbozwe amajikijolo, amagatsha ezithelo akha ngisho nangaphansi komhlaba
Kwi-Intanethi, ngihlangane negama le-raspberry noma kabili - iKing Penguin. Abanye babhala i-athikili ngaye njengakuma-raspberries kaKazakov, baphinde futhi izici zama-raspberries ezichazwe lapha. Izithombo ezingaphansi kwaleli gama zithengiswa ngabathengisi abaziwayo, ikakhulukazi, inkampani yezolimo "Sesha". Ngokwencazelo kwiwebhusayithi yakhe, lokhu kuyizinhlobo ezihluke ngokuphelele: isihlahla sikude, amajikijolo akhulu aze afike ku-10 g, isivuno simangalisa - 10 kg ukusuka esihlahleni.
Esitolo se-inthanethi se-nursery yaseMoscow "Yuzhny" kukhona neKing Penguin, ehluke kakhulu kulokho kuthengiswa "Usesho". Lapha, zonke izici zePenguin Kazakov ziphindwe kaninginingi. Kungani aba Royal, umuntu angaqagela nje. Konke lokhu kudukisa abalimi, abanye sebevele banqume ukuthi iKing Penguin inguqulo ebuyekeziwe. Ngifuna ukusho ekuvikeleni iPenguin ukuthi ungomunye wababhali bezincwadi zombuso. Azikho ezinye izinhlobo ezinegama elifanayo eziye zahlolwa futhi zaqinisekiswa.
Incazelo yebanga
Izinhlobonhlobo ziphila ngegama lazo. Ngokuqinile ume emhlabathini ngaphandle kwe-trellis. Kubukeka sengathi kudliswe kahle, sibonga ngesiqu esikhulu, isiphuzo esimanzi namagatsha aseceleni akhula kahle kuso. Ekuphakameni kwehlobo, isihlahla esisimo saso sifana nesihlahla esincane sikaKhisimusi, futhi ekwindla sigqokwa amabhola amajikijolo amajikijolo ahlukahlukene: kusuka kokuluhlaza kuya kokusa okusajingijolo. Izithelo eziningi zikhomba phezulu, njengomlomo wepenguin ebalulekile nephangini elincane.
Ama-penguin amajikijolo ngokuvamile aqondiswa phezulu.
Ukuphakama kwamahlumela kufinyelela ku-150 cm, kuvame ukuba yi-110-130 cm. Amagatsha aseceleni azihluma ngokwawo, awudingi ukuphina ngaphezulu kwesiqu salokhu, njengakwamanye ama-raspberries ajwayelekile. Izinhlobonhlobo zibizwa ngokuthi zingenye zokuqala phakathi kwezindlela zokulungisa. Amajikijolo aqala ukuvuthwa ezimweni zaseKrasnodar maphakathi noJulayi, eSt. Petersburg - ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti. I-penguin yafakwa ohlwini lweRejista Yombuso ngonyaka we-2008 ngokutholakala kokutshala kuzo zonke izifunda zeRussia Federation.
Ama-penguin amahlumela waminyaka yonke aluhlaza, ngaphandle kombala we-anthocyanin, ombozwe ngokuqinile ngenhlanganisela ye-wax kanye nesikhala esincanyana. Kumahlumela weminyaka emibili ubudala, ama-spikes atholakala kancane, iningi lawo ligxiliswa phansi. Kepha bambalwa abantu abashiya amahlumela walokhu okuhlukahlukene ngonyaka wesibili.
Ividiyo: Isitshalo se-penguin ngonyaka wokutshala
I-penguin ikhula ngokusho kobuchwepheshe bonyaka owodwa, okungukuthi, ekwindla, yonke ingxenye engaphezulu komhlaba iyalungiswa futhi ishiswe, ukuze ama-raspberries angaguli. Ngeke uthole amajikijolo akhathazayo, ngoba ngo-Agasti, lapho eqala ukuvuthwa, zonke izinambuzane sezivele ziyeka impilo yazo esebenzayo.
Izithelo ze-Raspberry Penguin zikhulu: isisindo esiphakathi singaphezu kwe-4 g, isisindo siphezulu sifinyelela ku-7 g. Banesimo esiyindilinga, bahlukaniswe kalula nezimpande. Abanye abalimi baphikisana neqiniso lokugcina, mhlawumbe isizathu siwumbala wokukhohlisa. Amajikijolo abomvu ePenguin abonakala evuthiwe, afuna ukudla, kodwa eqinisweni asabambelela ngokuqinile egatsheni futhi awanawo ukunambitheka kwawo. Kuyadingeka ukulinda aze abe yi-raspberry emnyama, kuba ngumbala lo obonakala ngesibhele esivuthiwe ngokuphelele.
I-Penguin inika amahlumela ambalwa kakhulu - i-4-6, ehlanganiswe nokukhula okuncane, ibukeka icwebile impela, futhi incane. Kepha isivuno sihlaba umxhwele - ama-2-3 kg amajikijolo esihlahleni noma ama-8-12 t / ha. Izithelo zixinene, zingakhubeki zibe ama-drupes, zibambe ukwakheka kwazo, zithuthwa kahle, zinenhloso yendawo yonke. Nambitha i-tasters efanelekile isilinganiso 3.7 kwezingu-5 amaphuzu, akukho ukunambitheka okusajingijolo. Akuwona amaphuzu aphezulu kakhulu, kepha okumaphakathi. Abalimi abaningi bajabule nge-Penguin berry futhi bayibheka njengemnandi kakhulu phakathi kwe-remont.
Umthelela omkhulu ekunambithekeni une:
- Izimo zesimo sezulu:
- ehlobo elangeni elinoshukela kakhudlwana kuqongelela amajikijolo;
- ngemuva kwehlobo elishisayo, sekufikile ukwindla okupholile - ukuvela kwamakhaza ku-berry enoshukela;
- ihlobo liyanetha futhi kubanda - amajikijolo ayoba omuncu.
- Ukwakheka nokwakheka kwenhlabathi: odakeni olungampofu nenhlabathi enesihlabathi, amajikijolo akhula emisha.
- Izinga lokunakekelwa, ngoba ama-macro- kanye nama-microelements anesibopho sokunambitha okuhle, udinga ukugcwalisa umhlaba nawo, okwenza ukugqoka okuphezulu.
Izinzuzo kanye nokubi kwePenguin - itafula
| Izinzuzo | Okubi |
| Ayinikezi amahlumela, ayigugi esizeni | Kunzima ukusabalalisa, abanye abalimi basebenzisa indlela yokusika |
| Zonke amahlumela zigawulwa ekwindla, akukho okugoba phansi | Ezifundeni ezinobusika obuneqhwa, izimpande zidinga ukuvikeleka kuqhwa |
| Amahlumela aphansi, azinzile, awadingi ukuboshelwa kuma-trellises | Akukhombisi isivuno esimenyezelwe lapho sikhula kubuchwepheshe beminyaka emibili |
| Isivuno esikhulu ngokuhlanganiswa kanye nokulungiswa okulula | Amajikijolo ane-ukunambitheka okulula, okungenakuthengiswa ngaphandle kwephunga. |
| Amajikijolo makhulu, aminyene | |
| Ukuhlobisa okuphezulu kwezihlahla ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa | |
| Isikhathi sokuvuna eside kakhulu: kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti kuya maphakathi no-Okthoba | |
| Ngendlela yokutshala unyaka owodwa, ayiguli, ayithinteki izinambuzane |
Ividiyo: Ukubuyekezwa kwe-Raspberry Penguin, Ukubhula ngamafuphi
Ungayitshala Kanjani Futhi Ukhule I-raspberry Penguin
Ukhumbula ukuthi ukunambitheka kwalesi raspberry futhi kuncike kubuchwepheshe bezolimo, unake kakhulu ukulungiswa kwesiza. Khetha indawo elanga kunazo zonke i-Penguin. Gcwalisa umhlabathi ngamanyolo, engeza amabhakede ama-1.5 we-humus no-0,5 l womlotha wezinkuni ngemitha ngayinye yesikwele yendawo ebekelwe iripper. Faka ingilazi kafulawa we-dolomite enhlabathini ene-asidi, futhi uma ulungisa umbhede ekwindla, usakaze i-superphosphate (1-2 tbsp. L / m²) yokumba.
I-Superphosphate ingangezelwa entwasahlobo, kepha iyancibilika isikhathi eside kakhulu, kanti nezitshalo ziyayidinga ekuqaleni kwenkathi yokukhula. Ngakho-ke, bafaka umquba ekwindla, ukuze kuthi lapho kufika intwasahlobo abe nesikhathi sokushintshela kwifomu elitholakala ezitshalweni.
Uma isiza sakho sine-loamy elula, inhlabathi enesihlabathi noma i-chernozem, vele mane ubambe indawo leyo, usebenzisa umanyolo
Uma inhlabathi isindayo nobumba, khona-ke iPenguin itshalwe kahle embhedeni ophakanyisiwe:
- Gaya umsele obubanzi obungamasentimitha angama-30-50 kanye nokujula osebeni lwefosholo (30 cm).
- Ngezansi, beka umcamelo ngobukhulu obungama-15- 20 cm kusuka kumfucuza wemvelaphi yezitshalo: amagatsha ezihlahla nezihlahla, ukhula, amaqabunga ngonyaka odlule, imfucuza yasekhishini, njll.
- Hlanganisa inhlabathi ekhishiwe ne-humus noma umquba (1: 1), ungangeza ngokwengeziwe izinto zokuvula: i-peat, i-bark yemithi ehlanganisiwe, i-sawdust yakudala, njll.
- Gcwalisa umsele ngalengxube yenhlabathi. Thola umbhede obude obungaba ngu-15-20 cm.Ukuvimbela umhlaba ukuthi ungahlakazeki kuwo, faka ibhokisi.
Ividiyo: imisele raspberry esihlakaleni sepulazi
Ubukhulu be-raspberry penguin patch kuncike kwinani lezithombo kanye nephethini yokutshala. Ukwakha udonga oluqinile, beka izitshalo ngo-70 cm ngokwehlukana. Uma ingekho into eyanele yokutshala, ufuna ukutshala izihlahla ezihlukile, bese ukhulisa ibanga ukuya kumamitha ayi-1.5. Isikhala somugqa singamamitha ayi-2. Ukutshala embhedeni olungiselelwe futhi ovundisiwe akubangeli ubunzima: yenza izimbobo ngosayizi wezimpande, uzichithe ngamanzi ashisayo elangeni futhi utshale izithombo. Intamo yezimpande ingandiswa ngo-2-3 cm, kepha kungabe kusaba khona.
Endleleni yetephu yokukhula, ibanga phakathi kwezithombo kufanele libe ngama-70 cm
Ukunakekela ama-raspberries Penguin kulula kakhulu futhi kuqukethe izindlela ezintathu kuphela zezolimo:
- Ukunisela. Nisela ama-raspberries kanye ngesonto. Kuyadingeka ukuthambisa inhlama yomhlaba ube ukujula kwamasentimitha angama-30 kuya kwengama-40. Ukunisela kungadingeka lapho lina, uma lishisa futhi lithambisa kuphela inhlabathi. Ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa, yeka ukuthambisa amajikijolo. Gcina umhlaba ngaphansi kwe-mulch.
- Ukugqoka okuphezulu. Lezo zivundisi ezethulwe ngesikhathi sokutshala zizokwanela iminyaka yokuqala engama-2-3. Bese uqala ukondla:
- Masinyane nje ngemuva kokuba iqhwa lihlibilike nangemva kwamaviki ama-2, lapho amahlumela ekhula ngenkuthalo - enomanyolo oqukethe i-nitrogen (urea, ammonium nitrate, nitroammophos, njll.) Noma ukumila kokudonsa kwezinyoni, i-mullein, nokhula.
- Esigabeni sokuhluma kwesihluma nangesikhathi sokuqhakaza, nikeza ukugqoka okungu-222 ngokuxutshaniswa kwezinto ezincane nezinhlanu, ngaphandle kwe-nitrogen noma okuqukethwe okune-nitrogen ephansi. Umlotha wezinkuni ofanele noma isitolo sokugcina izitshalo ze-berry (i-Agricola, i-Fertika, ishidi elihlanzekile, iGumi-Omi, njll.).
- Ekwindla, ngaphambi kokubandwa, ngaphansi kwesihlahla ngasinye yenza i-1.5 tbsp. l i-superphosphate ne-mulch ene-humus noma umquba (amabhakede ama-2 ngesihlahla ngasinye). Ngobuchwepheshe obuvilaphayo, ungenza ingubo eyodwa nje yekwindla. Kepha uma ungajabuli ngesivuno nokunambitheka kwamajikijolo, zama "ukwelapha" iPenguin kanye nomanyolo ongenhla.
- Ukuthena Autumn nokuhlanza. Ngokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo, sika zonke amahlumela ezingeni lomhlabathi. Khipha amaqabunga, ukhiphe ukhula. Susa konke lokhu okulahlwa yimfucumfucu endaweni noma kushiswe.
Ividiyo: Ama-raspberry Penguin Ripens
Ukuvuna nokusebenza
Qoqa ama-raspberries Penguin - injabulo yangempela. Okokuqala, izihlahla ezinamajikijolo avuthiwe zibukeka zihle kakhulu. Okwesibili, awudingi ukubheka ngaphakathi kwe-berry ngayinye, bese futhi ucwilisa emanzini anosawoti ukuze ususe izibungu. Azikho. Okwesithathu, amajikijolo makhulu, ngokushesha ugcwalise umgqomo, ungagugi. Kunokunye futhi okuhlanganisiwe: ngemuva kokuvuthwa, izithelo zikulinda emathekini cishe ezinye izinsuku ezinhlanu, ungadangali futhi ungalahli izimfanelo zazo. Kepha uma isimo sezulu sishisa endaweni yakho ngaleso sikhathi, singakoma. Amafriji okukhanya wokuqala awesabi amajikijolo, azofudumala ntambama elangeni futhi aqhubeke nokucula.
Ama-raspberry penguin amajikijolo aqine, agcina ukuma kwawo
I-Penguin berry ibamba kahle ukwakheka kwayo, ngakho-ke izodlulisa ukuthutha kusuka endaweni kuya eflethini ledolobha noma emakethe ethengiswayo. Kungaba iqhwa futhi yomiswe itiye. Vele, kusuka kule raspberry kuvela ujamu onempilo. Kepha ngaphambi kokuqala ukuvuna, kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi uthola izithelo ezintsha ezanele zokubuyisa umzimba wakho ngamavithamini namaminerali.
Ukubuyekezwa Kwabalimi
Impela ngiyayithanda ipenguin. Ungayibheka isikhathi eside kakhulu, kuyadabukisa ngisho nokususa amajikijolo, ubuhle. Lo nyaka esihlahleni ushiye amahlumela ama-3. Manje asimbozwe amajikijolo. Amajikijolo ngokwawo nawo muhle kakhulu - amnyama, makhulu, abunjiwe kahle, awugqinsi, kepha awomile. Ukunambitha - uyikho, konke lokhu okungenhla kumvumela ukuba athethelele ubumsulwa. Yize engayiphangi. Ngingasho ngisho ukuthi uyafana noHercules, ukugcwala kuphela. Iphunga likhona futhi, kepha kunalokho buthakathaka, njengabo bonke abalungisiwe, noma cishe bonke. Kakhulu, ngiyathanda.
Elena Koshevaya//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=3994
Okunhlobonhlobo okumatasa nokuvilapha, akudingi ukusekelwa ne-trellis. Amajikijolo awashisi elangeni (qhathanisa neShelf), kepha ngamanani ahlukanisayo futhi aphekwe emasimini. Ezimweni zesimo sezulu esishisayo, awukwazi ukubala izitshalo ngaphandle kokunisela. Ukukhiqiza kungaphansi kunokweshedlufu (uma uyithatha njengejwayelekile). Izinhlobonhlobo aziguli. Kuvela ubunzima lapho kuhlukaniswa amajikijolo angavuthiwe, kodwa ngokubonakalayo kuyabonakala futhi lokhu akubakhi inkinga enkulu yabathandi. Ezokuhamba nge-4 (Shelf 5). Ukunambitha - ushukela omnandi, ukukhipha okukhulu - ukuntuleka kwamanothi okusajingijolo. Ekwindla, ukunambitheka kuyathuthuka ngenxa yokuvela kwe-acidity encane.
UZhora 61//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=3994&page=4
Ngokuyisisekelo, i-Penguin iqala ukuthela izithelo kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti (kwesinye isikhathi kuba namajikijolo ekugcineni kukaJulayi). Izithelo maphakathi no-Okthoba, kepha isivuno esikhulu ngu-Agasti-Septhemba.
Tamara St. Petersburg//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=5645&start=30
Ama-Penguin ahlukahlukene abizwa ngokuthi ama-raspberries kwabavila. Akunabo ubunzima ekukhuleni. Kunokusizakala okuningi kunokubi. I -backback ebaluleke kakhulu ukunambitheka okujwayelekile, ngaphandle kwama-frills. Mhlawumbe i-Penguin ngeke ibe yizinhlobonhlobo eziphambili eqoqweni lakho, kodwa ifanelekile ekhoneni elincane elincane engadini.
