I-Anthurium ebomvu: ikhula ekhaya

I-Anthurium ebomvu iyisitshalo esingavamile futhi elikhangayo esiye sabamba isikhundla sabalimi bezimbali benomumo ongavamile nokukhanya kombala wezimbali. Ngeke kube nzima ukuyikhulisa ekhaya, ngakho-ke ngisho nezimbali ze-novice zingaba nembali ekamelweni lokugcina izithombo. Okuthi lesi sitshalo sibukeka kanjani nokuthi yini okufanele uyazi mayelana nama-nuances wokunakekela - funda ngakho ngezansi.

Incazelo ye-Botanical yesitshalo

I-Anthurium ebomvu - isitshalo somndeni wama-Aroid, uhlobo lwe-Anthurium. Ngenxa yokuqhakaza okubomvu, kubonakala ngokunyuka komkhiqizo wokuhlobisa futhi kuyoba umhlobiso wangempela wanoma iyiphi ikhaya. Amapulangwe ayo asuhlaza aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ahlotshiswe enhliziyweni noma emcibisholo, futhi atholakale enomzimba omncane, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo aqinile, uqala. Lolu hlobo lwesifinyelelo lufinyelela okungenani ngo-75 cm ukuphakama, nakuba izibonelo eziningi zikhula zibe ngu-80 cm, ububanzi obufinyelela kuhhafu yemitha.

Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwi-peduncles, i-inflorescence yakha ukuthi ifana ne-spike: yingxenye enhle kunayo yonke yesitshalo. Umbala wemibala ekhulayo ihlale ibomvu, ngokuvamile ifinyelela obomvu obumnyama. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle ezikhulayo, kungase kube khona izikhefu ezikhaleni, ngaphandle kokuthi ngesikhathi sasebusika izimbali ziyophela ngokuphelele esitshalweni izinyanga ezingu-1-2.

Ngokufanele, i-humanrium ikhiqiza ama-flower stalks amasha ama-sinus ngalinye, futhi onke ahlala amasonto angama-5-6. Ukubukeka okuqhubekayo kwe-peduncles kuqinisekisa ukukhazimula isikhathi eside nokulondolozwa kwezindwangu eziphakeme isikhathi eside.

Kubalulekile! Lesi sitshalo sibonakala ukwakheka okusebenzayo kwezingane, okungathi, njengesihlahla esikhulu, singaveza izimbali zezimbali nezimbali. Ngendlela yomama bahlale bebaningi, futhi izingane zingaphansi kancane.

Izimo zokukhula ekhaya

I-Anthurium ebomvu, njenganoma yimuphi omunye uhlobo walesi sitshalo, ayikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi ingathobekile, ngakho-ke, uma ikhulile ekhaya, okokuqala kudingekile ukudala izimo ezifanele zokukhula okukhulayo nokuthuthukiswa kwembali.

Indawo nokukhanyisa

Njengoba i-humansrium ivela emazweni ashisayo, ikhetha ukukhanya kwelanga, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo kufanele ibe ne-photosynthesis esebenzayo emaqabunga. Ifasitela elifakwe kumafasitela aseningizimu ngokubeka ibhodlela ngeke lisebenze, njengokungathi ukukhanya kwelanga ngokuqondile, izimbali namashidi kungashisa, futhi amapuleti amaqabunga azoqala ukuphenduka aphuzi, aphephe futhi awele.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isitshalo esibekwe engxenyeni eyinhloko yekamelo noma emgodini ophansi ongasoze ikhulule izimbali zezimbali, ngakho-ke indawo engcono kakhulu ye-humanrium kungaba yindawo engasempumalanga noma entshonalanga yendlu enokukhanya okwanele, kodwa ngaphandle kokuvezwa isikhathi eside ekukhanyeni kwelanga. Ngezinsuku ezinamafu, ukusetshenziswa kwemithombo yokukhanyisa yokufakelwa, indima yayo efanelekayo i-fitolampy.

Nakani izinhlobo ezinjalo zabanturium njenge-Scherzer no-Andre.

Ukushisa kwemoya nomswakama

Ngokucabangela ukushisa komzimba wesitshalo, ukushisa okuqhubekayo ekamelweni layo elikhulayo kufanele kugcinwe ngo-20 ... + 25 ° C ehlobo futhi hhayi ngaphansi kuka-18 ° C ebusika. Ukuncipha kulezi zimiso kuholela ekufeni kwesitshalo.

Ngokuqondene nezinga elifanele lomswakama ekamelweni, lingakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezinkomba ezijwayelekile zakwa-40-50%, kodwa kulokhu, ngesikhathi sehlobo kuzodingeka ufefa njalo, okungenani kanye ngosuku. Ukuze unikeze isitshalo ngezinga elifanele lomswakama, ungafaka ibhodlela endlini yokugezela, ikakhulu uma ubukhulu bayo kanye nezinga lokukhanyisa likuvumela. Esikhathini esifudumele kuyasiza ukuthatha imbali emgwaqweni, kodwa kuyisibopho kuphela endaweni evulekile, ukuyivikela ilanga eliqondile.

Uyazi? Noma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-humanrium lubhekwa njengezitshalo ezihlukene kuphela zezitshalo, ezikwazi ukwandisa amandla abalulekile abameleli bobulili obunamandla nokuthuthukisa umkhathi jikelele endlini, ukunikeza umndeni injabulo nenhlalakahle.

Ukunakekelwa ekhaya

Uma unakekela isitshalo sekhaya, kufanele uhlale unakekele ngokukhethekile indlela yokuchelela, ukufaka umquba, ukutshala kabusha ngisho nokusika, inqubo enezici eziningi zobuningi. Lokhu kusebenza futhi ekutshalweni kwabantu abomvu, abangeke bakwazi ukukujabulisa ngezimbali eziluhlaza ngaphandle kokulandela izidingo ezichazwe ngezansi.

Imithetho yokunisela

Inhlabathi ebhodweni lesitshalo kumele ihlale ingcolile, kodwa ngaphandle kokuswakama okunamandla. Ngokwesilinganiso, imbali ithuliswa izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ngeviki, ukunciphisa le mvamisa kuphela ngesikhathi sokubanjwa kwebusika. Ukuketshezi kwamanzi kufanele njalo kuhlukaniswe kahle (okungenani izinsuku ezingu-5) futhi kuhlungiwe, ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa ekupheni kwamanzi.

Uketshezi oluthile oluthile lubuye lubhekwe njengelungele ukuchelela - amaconsi angu-2-3 elamula kalamula ahlakazwa ku 1 litre lamanzi. Ukuchelela ngezikhathi ezinjalo nokubunjwa okunjalo kuqinisekisa ukuthuthukiswa okuhambisanayo nokusheshisa kwezimbali zabantu.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Ngokuvamile, i-humanrium isabela kahle ekufakeni izithako ezilinganiselwe, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ayithandi kakhulu ngokweqile izakhi zomhlabathi emhlabathini. Ukuze ungalingani futhi ungavumeli ukudlula ngokweqile, kubalulekile ukondla imbali kuphela ngesikhathi sehlobo sasehlobo-ehlobo ngokujwayelekile njalo ezinyangeni ezingu-1-1.5.

Kusukela ekuxukeni okunomsoco okufanelekayo kumanyolo omunyu omhlaba wonke wezimbali zasendlini noma ama-organic compounds - noma kunjalo, ukuhlushwa kwawo kufanele kuncishiswe izikhathi ezingu-2-3 inani elinconywe umenzi. Ukuqhathaniswa kwezinto ezincane kanye nama-macro ngezinye izikhathi kuyingozi nakakhulu imbali ngaphezu kokuntuleka kwabo, ngakho-ke uma ungabaza ukufaneleka kokusebenzisa ukwakheka okukhethiwe, kungcono ukulinda kancane ngokugqoka okuphezulu.

Kubalulekile! Uma i-humanrium igula noma izinambuzane zitholakale kuyo, kungcono ukuhlehlisa ukudla okungeziwe. Kubalulekile ukulibazise ukwethulwa kwezakhi ezenzakalweni uma kuziwa emakhophi amancane, aphethwe kahle asebenzayo ngesistimu yezimpande ezibuthakathaka - cishe noma yiliphi ifomu likwazi ukushisa izimpande zethenda.

Ukudubula

Ukwenza ukusika izihlahla ze-humanrium akudingeki, kodwa izimbali ezimbali zezimbali kuzodingeka zisuswe ngemuva kokuphuma kwezimbali. Yenza le nqubo ngokucophelela ngokucophelela futhi kuphela ngommese obukhali ongashiyi i-burr kumaphuzu okusika: kufanele ahambisane nesisekelo se-buds, futhi ukugwema ukubola, kungcono ukufafaza nge-crushed esebenzayo.

Ngaphandle kwalokho, ungalinda kuze kube yilapho i-coverlet ye-inflorescence yoma, futhi emva kwalokho isuse - ngesikhathi isikhala soma ngokuphelele futhi sihlukana kalula embali. Amaqabunga aphelile noma ahlotshisiwe angasuswa, futhi emaphethelweni omisiwe amaqabunga amaqabunga anempilo nawo angaqedwa.

Ukufakelwa

Eminyakeni emibili yokuqala yokuphila kwesitshalo, ukufakelwa kungase kungenziwa, ngoba imbali inesikhala esanele ebhodweni. Kusukela ngomnyaka wesithathu kuya wesihlanu wokulima, lesi sitshalo kumele sishintshe indawo yokukhula minyaka yonke, bese kuthi njalo eminyakeni engama-2-3. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njalo lapho umcabha wokugcoba kufanele ube khona, futhi isitshalo - ukungena emhlabathini.

I-pot ebhodini kufanele ihlale iphanekile, kodwa kuphela u-2-3 cm ububanzi kunomunye odlule. Izinto ezisetshenziselwa ukwenza umkhiqizo onjalo azifani nhlobo, kepha ukugwema ukuqhuma okungenzeka kunomswakama ezimpandeni, kuhle ukukhetha izinketho ze-ceramic noma iziqukathi zepulasitiki, kodwa njalo nge-drainage izimbobo.

Inhlabathi ye-Anthurium kufanele ibe yinto evulekile futhi imnene. Ngefomu eliphelile, lingagcina inhlabathi ye-bromeliads, ama-orchid noma ngisho ne-cacti, kodwa ngokuqukethwe okuphoqelekile kwe-peat, okwenza i-substrate ingabe ifinyezeka kakhulu. Uma kungekho nhlabathi engathengiwe, ungayilungisa ngokuxuba i-peat, isanti ne-humus, ngokufakazela inani elincane lezinsizi zephayini noma i-spruce.

Kubalulekile! Ukwandisa ukungena kwemoya yenhlanganisela yenhlabathi enomdlana kakhulu, ungangeza izingcezu zamalahle, u-foam noma amatshe amancane kakhulu ku-substrate elungiselelwe.

Inqubo yokufakelwa isekelwe eziningana zezenzo ezijwayelekile:

1. Ukugcwalisa i-tank entsha yokutshala ngobuncwane bamanzi kanye nenhlabathi elungiselelwe (cishe 1/3 yenani eliphelele).
2. Ukususa isitshalo kusuka ebhodweni elidala bese ulifaka esitsheni esitsha sokutshala.
3. Ukugcwalisa isikhala esisele ngenhlanganisela yenhlabathi, ngaphandle kokugwinqa nxazonke, kepha ngokuphuza okuncane okulandelayo.
4. Ukuze ulondoloze umswakama okwanele, ungakwazi ukumboza ubuso nge-sphagnum moss.

Ezinsukwini ezingu-3-4 ezalandela, lesi sitshalo singasala endaweni endala, kodwa esikhathini esizayo kungcono ukuyihambisa ekukhanyeni okukhanyayo okukhanyayo okungaphezulu kwamafasitela asempumalanga noma entshonalanga.

Ukuzala

Ukukhiqizwa kwezitshalo zasendlini kungenye yezinto eziphuthumayo kunoma yimuphi umlimi wezinsimu, ngoba akugcini nje ukuthi uthole izimbali zakho ozithandayo, kodwa ungagcina ezinye zezimpawu zokufa ngenxa yokubola kwe-rhizome.

Uma ukhula i-humanrium, kunezindlela eziningi zokwenza inqubo enjalo: ukuhlukaniswa kwesihlahla, ukuhlanganiswa (amaqabunga namahlumela), kanye nokusabalalisa imbewu kuhambisana kahle.

Uhlukanisa isihlahla

Le ndlela ihambelana nabacwaningi abahlangenwe nakho kuphela, ngoba kudinga ukucaca okuphezulu kwazo zonke izenzo ezenziwe. Izimpande ze-Anthurium zibhekwa ngephutha elikhulayo, ngakho-ke kukhona njalo amathuba okulimala. I-rhizome ihlukaniswe ngesandla, futhi ukuze ngamunye athole ingxenye kuyoba okungenani indawo eyodwa yokukhula kanye namaqabunga ama-3-4: lena yindlela kuphela yokuqinisekisa ukusinda okusheshayo kwesitshalo endaweni entsha.

Ukuze uthole izinto zokutshala, kufanele wenze lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo:

1. Khetha isitshalo esikhulile somuntu obomvu nenani elikhulu lezingane ezisemuva.
2. Lungiselela ithangi elihlwanyelayo lokutshala eligcwele ungqimba lwamanzi wamanzi amabili noma amathathu kanye nenani elincane lenhlabathi.
3. Ukususa imbali ngokucophelela imbali embizeni yangaphambilini bese uhlukanisa ihlumela esitshalweni somama ngengxenye encane yesimiso.
4. Hlala isihlahla ngasinye ezindaweni zokutshala ezihlukene futhi ugcwalise ngenhlabathi esele, cishe emaphethelweni ebhodweni.

Uyazi? Izitshalo eziningi zasendlini zinekhono eliyingqayizivele lokuthola amandla amabi ekhaya. Isibonelo, i-Tradescantia izovikela izakhamuzi ukuba zibe nomona, futhi i-geranium izosindisa esweni elibi.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwebanturium ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla kukuvumela ukuba uthole isampula entsha yokuhluma kakade ngonyaka wokuqala wesibili wokulima.

Amahlumela

I-cuttings yezitshalo zasendlini ingenye yezindlela ezithandwa kakhulu futhi ezingabizi kakhulu zokukhiqiza kwazo, ngoba ama-cutical cuttings ahlala ekhula ngokushesha futhi kalula endaweni entsha.

Into esemqoka ukulandela imithetho ethile yenqubo, okuyinhloko yilokhu okulandelayo:

1. Ungavuna izitshalo kuphela ezitshalweni ezinempilo ezingonakaliswa izifo noma izinambuzane.
2. Kumelwe kube khona iphuzu elikhulayo lokukhula esigabeni ngasinye esikhethiwe sehlumela.
3. Ubude obuhle bokusika akusikho ama-internodes angu-2-3.
4. Ngemuva kokusika, ukusika ngamunye kumele kumiswe imizuzu engu-10-15 futhi emva kwalokho kufanele utshalwe enhlabathini - lesi sikhathi kuyokwanela ukuvimbela ukuhluma okuqhubekayo kwamahlumela.

Inqubo yokuqoqa abantu abantu abomvu iqukethe izinyathelo ezimbalwa ezibalulekile:

1. Ukwehlukana kokusika okufanelekile kwesitshalo somama - ukusika kwenziwa ngommese obukhali e-oblique angle.
2. Ukuqothulwa kwesigaba emanzini (abilisiwe abilisiwe) noma inhlanganisela yenhlabathi kuze kuvele izimpande zokuqala. Ngaphansi kwe-tank ngamanzi, ungaphonsa ithebhulethi yomshini osebenzayo, futhi kuhle ukuba ulungiselele i-substrate efanelekayo inani elilinganayo le-peat, isihlabathi ne-perlite. Ukutshala izinto zokutshala endaweni ehlukile ye-rooting kufanele kwenziwe ngokujula kwe-5 cm, futhi ngokuzivumelanisa okusheshayo, ungakwazi ukumboza ama-cuttings nge-canal evinjelwe noma ukudala isikhumba esincane sokushisa usebenzisa isikhwama seplastiki. I-term term term rooting - amasonto angu-2-3.
3. Ukutshala izitshalo ezigxiliwe embizeni enomphela kanye nenhlangano yokunakekelwa okuqhubekayo. Lezi zinqubo zenziwa ngendlela efanayo nokufakelwa okuvamile, besebenzisa inhlanganisela efanayo yomhlabathi.

Ukuze isiqu siphume kahle endaweni entsha bese siqala izimbali, kuzothatha okungenani iminyaka emibili.

Amahlamvu

Ukukhiqizwa kwe-humansrium ngamaqabunga amaqabunga ngezindlela eziningi kufana nenqubo ye-cuttings ngamahlumela, umahluko kuphela ukuthi esikhundleni sezingxenye ezichazwe ngenhla, amaqabunga aphilile asetshenziswa (kanye ne-petiole). Ngaphambi kokufakwa endaweni elungiselelwe, kufanele iqhutshwe ngokucophelela ibe yipayipi futhi ihlelwe kule ndawo nge-office yogum.

Futhi funda ukuthi kungani abanturium ingaqhakazi nokuthi kufanele ukwenze.

Ukutshala emhlabathini kwenziwa cishe lonke ubude beshidi; kuphela i-1/3 ye-tubula esontekile kufanele ihlale phezulu. Noma kunjalo, ukuphumelela kwenqubo yokuqothula noma kunoma yikuphi kuncike ekuqineni kokunciphisa kanye nokudla okunomsoco wenhlanganisela yenhlabathi: kulokhu, kungcono ukuthenga inhlabathi eyenziwe ngomumo wokukhuphula ama-violets.

Ukusheshisa ukuqothula kwamaqabunga amaqabunga kuzosiza i-plastic cap noma ifilimu yeplastiki ezosiza ekudaleni umphumela wokushisa okubamba phezu kwesibambo. Uma zonke izimo ezikhulayo zigcinwa, ihlumela lokuqala lizovela phakathi nendawo yesikhumulo cishe ngenyanga ngemva kokutshala emhlabathini. Kungenzeka ukufakelwa isitshalo esincane endaweni engapheli yokukhula kungekuqaleni kwezinyanga ezingu-2-3.

Imbewu

Indlela elula yokuthola izinto ezifanele ukutshala ukuwuthenga esitolo esithile esikhethekile noma kubathelisi abajwayele, kodwa kufanele uhlole usuku lwawo lokuphela kwesikhathi (imbewu yabanturium ikhule ezinyangeni ezingu-3-4 emva kokuqoqwa).

Ekhaya, imbewu ekhiqizayo ingatholakala kuphela ngempova yokufakelwa kwezimbali: phakathi nesikhathi sokuqhakaza, kubalulekile ukuqoqa impova (ibhulashi elithambile) endlebeni yembali yokuqala, bese uyifaka ephepheni, uyibeka endaweni yokugcina esiqandisini, lapho ibillet kufanele ihlale khona ize ibonakale esitshalweni imbali yesibili. Okulandelayo, imbali yesibili kufanele ibe yimpova nge-impova eqoqwe.

Ukuqinisekisa ukuphumelela kwenkambiso, kufanelekile ukuyibuyisela izinsuku ezingu-4-5 ngokulandelana. Izithelo ezikhanyayo namajikijolo zivela esitshaleni kungakapheli izinyanga ezingu-8-12 emva kwenqubo. Kuwo ngamunye wabo, imbewu engu-1-4 ifihliwe, okuyiyo, emva kokukhipha, kufanele ihlanjululwe kahle ngamanzi futhi ifakwe amahora angu-2 kwisisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate, esizovimbela ukwakheka kwesikhunta.

Inqubo yokuhlwanyela imbewu elungiselelwe ayithathi isikhathi esiningi - lokhu kumele:

1. Lungiselela ibhokisi lezithombo bese uligcwalisa nge-substrate efanele (kungaba ingxube ye-peat nesihlabathi).
2. Hlwanyela imbewu ngokujula kwe-0.5 cm noma umane uwasakaze ebusweni bomhlabathi, kuphela efafazwe phezulu.
3. Hlanganisa i-substrate ngebhodi le-spray bese umboza izithombo ngefilimu noma ingilazi, efuna ukwakha umphumela wokushisa.

Ngaphambi kokuba kuvele amahlumela, kubalulekile ukuhambisa umhlabathi nsuku zonke futhi, uma kunesidingo, ukuwahambisa ngebhodi le-spray, ugcine izinga lokushisa kwamakamelo ngo-25 ° C. Ngokuvamile, ukuhlwanyela kwembewu ye-humansrium ehlwanyelwe kungathatha isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga ezingu-1-2, futhi ukuhluma kwesitshalo esisha kungabonwa emva kweminyaka emine kuphela.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Phakathi kwezifo ze-humanrium, izifo ze-fungal ze-parasitic ziyingozi, ikakhulukazi, i-anthracnose, ekhombisa ukuwohloka kwamaphethelo amaqabunga amaqabunga futhi ngokufa okuphelele noma okuphelele kwesitshalo sonke. Njengezinambuzane, lezi zinkinga zingathinta izimbali ezijwayelekile zabantu, ngakho qiniseka ukuthi inhlabathi ihlale imanzi kahle (ngaphandle kokubutheleka komswakama owedlulele), ayikho imidwebo ekamelweni, kanti amaqabunga asitshalo anelanga elanele.

Ekulweni nokulwa ne-anthracnose nezinye izifo ze-fungal ze-red peoplerium, izidakamizwa ezifana ne-Previcur, i-Scor, i-Ordan, i-Learnzol zingasetshenziswa emithini ekhonjisiwe kuphakheji. Kulezi zinambuzane ezinonya embali ikakhulukazi zifaka ama-aphid, izimpikiswano, izinambuzane zesicabucabu kanye ne-thrips, ezondla ngokunyuka kokusitshalaliswa kwesitshalo nokuholela ekufeni kwayo.

Ngezinguquko ezincane emphakathini we-humanrium, hlola imbali kahle, uqaphele ikakhulu ngaphakathi kwamapuleti amaqabunga, ngoba kukhona lapho amakoloni ezinambuzane ngokuvamile ebonakala ngokucacile. Qaphela futhi amaphuzu akhuphuka amaqabunga amaqabunga, futhi uma enama-cobwebs amancane, khona-ke isitshalo cishe sinenkinga yesicabucabu.

Emalungiselelweni anempilo kakhulu okuhlinzeka izinambuzane zokulawula izinambuzane zezimbali ezifuywayo, okulandelayo amalungiselelo angahlukaniswa:

• "Актара";
• "Актеллик";
• "Флумайт";
• "Оберон";
• "Акарин";
• "Омайт";
• "Фитоверм";
• "Биотлин";
• "Искра".

Ознакомьтесь подробнее с основными болезнями и вредителями антуриума.

Ukwazi ukuthi ungayinakekela kanjani isitshalo esihle futhi esingavamile, ingozi yokuthuthukisa noma yiziphi izinkinga ezichazwe kungancishiswa, futhi uma izibonakaliso zokugula noma ukutholakala kwezinambuzane zenzeka, khona-ke kuyoba lula ukubhekana nazo. Khokha ngokucophelela imbali yakho, futhi abantu abomvu bazokujabulela ngaso sonke isikhathi izindawo zakho zokuhlobisa.