I-Guernia ayiyona into engavamile kuma-windows sills abathandi bezimbali zasendlini, nakuba bengenakuzithoba ekunakekeleni. Ngesikhathi sezimbali, kubonakala sengathi kukhangayo, ngakho-ke isitshalo futhi sinesithakazelo phakathi kwabalimi. Incazelo kanye nezici zokulima eGuernias zicatshangelwe kulesi sihloko.
Incazelo ye-Botanical yezitshalo zasendlini
Lo mnandi ungowomndeni waseLastovnev. INingizimu Afrika ne-Peninsula yase-Arabia kubhekwa njengendawo yokuhlala kuyo. Lesi sitshalo singapheli, ngokuvamile sinemigqa engu-4-5 yombala ohlaza, ngezinye izikhathi kungabonakala umbala we-marble noma amabala obomvu. Izitshalo zibanjwe ngamazinyo amancane athile angenayo izinaliti. Lezi zitshalo zingakhula zibe ngu-30 cm.
Amaqabunga ama-guernias amancane kakhulu, kodwa nawo aphume ngokushesha futhi awe. Izinqubo ezakhiwe ezivela emahlathini okusabalalisa nazo zingahamba kude neziqu. Ngakho-ke, lo mnandi ufana nesihlahla esinamagatsha, esihlanganiswe nomhlabathi ngezimpande ezincane, esisezingeni elingenhla lomhlabathi.
Izimbali ezinosayizi kusuka ku-5 kuya ku-10 cm, zinemibala ehlukile kuye ngezinhlobonhlobo. Zivela endaweni yezimbali zembali. Imbali ngayinye itholakala ku-stalk encane. Ukuma kwe-inflorescences kungabonakala njengenkanyezi noma umqhele. Isikhumba kubo sibushelelezi, futhi phakathi nendawo kukhona i-pharynx ene-papillae encane. Izimbali zingaba zombili, futhi zifakwe emithini.
Ukuvuna imbali kwenzeka ngenxa yezimpukane, futhi ukuze bakhangise, isitshalo samandla siphunga iphunga elimnandi, elikhuphula kuphela ukuqala kokushisa. Imbali eyodwa ingaphila izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezinsuku ezimbili, kodwa i-inflorescences ikhula ngokukhululekile, ngenxa yokuthi inqubo yezimbali ngokwayo ihlala izinyanga ezimbalwa. Inkathi yezimbali ezisebenzayo kwenzeka ngoJuni-Septemba. Ukuziqhenya kwezimbali ukuthi ziqhakaza zisuka esiqwini. Esikhundleni sembali, ngemva kokuvuthwa okuphumelelayo, isithelo sibonakala sinembewu encane ngaphakathi.
Uyazi? Izinhlobo zezitshalo Izimbungu, ezitholakala eNingizimu Afrika, ngaphandle kwephunga elithile, likwazi nokukhiqiza ukushisa, kufana nalapho inyama ibolile. Lokhu kudukisa izimpukane ukuthi zivame ukubeka izibungu lapho, njengokungathi ziphethwe yi-carrion yangempela.
Izinhlobo zezitshalo
I-genus yama-guernias inezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-60 zalesi sitshalo. Iningi libonakala ngendlela efanayo, kodwa iningi lihlukile ngokuma nombala:
- I-Kenyan. Iziqu ziqondiswa phansi, kanti ubude bawo buba ngu-30 cm. Kukhona izimbambo ezinamazinyo emahlumela. Ngo-June, izimbali ziqala, okubonakala ngokubonakala kwe-inflorescences yezinhlamvu eziningana. Izimbali zifana nezitsha ezibomvu. Imbali eyodwa ifinyelela ku-3 cm ububanzi.
- Zebrina. Ikhula engabi ngaphezu kuka-10 cm. Iziqu zinemiphetho engu-4, nobubanzi bayo buba ngu-2 cm. Kusukela ilanga esikhumbeni sesitshalo kungabonakala kumathambo obomvu. Imbali ifana nenkanyezi enekhanda elihlanganisiwe, ububanzi balo buyi-7 cm. Phakathi nendawo igwetshwe emgqeni we-burgundy, futhi igcwele imibala ephuzi kumacebiso.
- Izithelo ezinkulu. Izitshalo zikhula futhi zibe nokuphuma kwe-bluish. Ukuphakama kwesitshalo kungaba ngu-20 cm. Kunezimbambo ezingu-7 ku-stem, kanti ama-inflorescences anamahlumela ama-5 ngamunye. Izimbali ze-burgundy zinemibala emnyama, ububanzi bayo buyi-2 cm.
- Okubi. Amahlumela amancane kakhulu, angaba ngu-1.5 cm ububanzi, abe nemiphetho emihlanu. Izimbali zibunjwa njengebell ezinamafutha angu-5. Umbala u-pink. Isisekelo sigcwele amaphepha omnyama omnyama.
- Uboya. Iqukethe iziqu ezimfushane, ezigcwele amazinyo. Kubonakala sengathi i-cactus evamile. Amahlumela ngokwawo ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka embala, amathiphu aqoshiwe abomvu emazinyo. Izimbali zinesakhiwo esinomzimba futhi zibukeka njenge-starfish, ububanzi bazo ububanzi obuphakathi kuka-2.5 kuya ku-5 cm. Umbala we-inflorescences ungaba obomvu, ophuzi noma we-terracotta.
- Ubumnandi. Amahlumela ahlangene, anezici ezingu-5, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka embala. Izimbali zenziwe njengemiqhele enemibala. Ngaphakathi kwembali ihlanganiswe amachashazi e-burgundy.
Izimo zokukhula ekhaya
Lesi sitshalo singakhula ngisho nabalimi abangenalwazi, ngoba kungenakuzithoba ekunakekeleni. Imithetho yokulima ayikho izici, ngakho-ke izimo zalo kufanele zenziwe ngendlela efanayo nezinye izitshalo zasendlini.
Indawo nokukhanyisa
Kungcono ukuba nesitshalo empumalanga noma entshonalanga yegumbi. Usuku lonke ilanga lelanga kufanele likhanyise lesi sitshalo. Lezi zitshalo zikhula kahle endaweni ekhanyayo, kodwa ngesikhathi semini imiklamo evuthayo ingalimaza isitshalo, ngakho-ke udinga ukuyifaka amahora ambalwa ngosuku. Uma kukhona ukukhanya okuncane, amahlumela ayobe ehlulwa futhi abe mncane.
Bona futhi i-cacti e-10 eyaziwa kakhulu ekhaya ngokuchaza kanye nesithombe.Kulesi simo, kunconywa ukusebenzisa izibani ezikhethekile, ikakhulukazi ukubaluleka kwabo okunyuka ebusika. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi lo mnandi akafuni ukushintsha indawo yokuhlala. Ukukhanyisa kufanele kuhlale kugoli elifanayo, ngakho ungayiguquki ibhodlela noma uyisuse. Ngenxa yenguquko endaweni yesitshalo samandla angasetha kabusha izimbali nezimbali.
Izimo zokushisa
Lapho isimo sezulu sifudumele ngaphandle, futhi izinga lokushisa lomoya livela ku-+23 kuya ku-27 ° C, ungaphuma ngokuphepha ngaphandle kwe-huerniya emkhathini, lapho uzohlala khona kuze kufike ukushisa kokuqala. Ngokuvamile le nkathi izinyanga ezingu-4 - kusukela ngoMeyi kuya ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba. Ebusika, kufanele kubekwe kahle ezindaweni ezipholile. Ukushisa ekamelweni kufanele kube kusuka ku-+5 kuya ku-10 ° C.
Umswakama womoya
Uma igumbi lomoya omile - lokhu akusithinteki ekunikezeni amandla. Akudingi i-hydration noma i-spraying, futhi akufanele ugeze isitshalo ngaphansi kwesha. Lokhu okumnandi kunomthelela omkhulu wokubonakala kokubola ngeziqu, ngakho izinga lokuswakama komoya kufanele libe ngu-30%. Ukuze ususe uthuli nezinye izidakamizwa ezitsheni, kungcono ukumsula isikhumba sabo ngendwangu yemvelo emanzini, uboya bekotini noma i-napkin.
Kubalulekile! Uma i-guernia ingena emvelweni onomdlandla, khona-ke ezinsukwini ezimbalwa nje izitshalo zizoshintsha.
Ukunakekelwa ekhaya
Uma ukhulisa lokhu okunomsoco ekhaya, kubalulekile ukugcina ezinye izinto ezibucayi, ezithembela ngenkathi.
Imithetho yokunisela
Ehlobo nasentwasahlobo, kunconywa ukuba anisele isitshalo entwasahlobo emva kokuba inhlabathi isomile ibe yi-50%. Ukugcwala kwenhlabathi kuyingozi kulowo mithi, njengoba inhlabathi enezimpande nezomhlaba ingaholela ekufeni komuntu osondayo. Ngenxa yamaphutha ekutheni, lesi sitshalo singathathwa yi-fungi ebangela ukubola ku-stem noma i-rhizome.
Ukulondoloza isitshalo kunzima kakhulu, futhi kungafa ngesonto nje. Ebusika, kubalulekile ukunciphisa kakhulu ukuchelela noma ukuwayeka ngokuphelele. Ukuze kube nenqubo efanele, izinga lokushisa kwamanzi kufanele lihambisane nokushisa kwomoya ekamelweni. Kungcono ukuphuza lo mnandi ngaphansi kwempande - ukuze amaconsi angahlali esitsheni nasezimbali.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwe-guernia kufanele kufakwe enhlabathini izikhathi ezingu-1-2 ngenyanga, noma kunjalo, lokhu akufanele kwenziwe ngesikhathi sokuphumula. Ngokuba inqubo ingathengwa esitolo kakade umanyolo kakade for cacti noma succulents.
Amalungiselelo anjalo aqukethe inani elidingekayo lamaminerali nezakhi zomzimba, okuvumela ukuba zikhule kahle futhi ziqhakaze kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanelekile ukunaka ukuthi umanyolo awunawo i-nitrogen ekubunjweni kwawo, noma okungenani wawunamanani amancane. Akudingekile ukondla isitshalo ebusika.
Ukudubula
Ngamanye, amandla awafinyeleli amakhulu amakhulu ekukhuleni, ngakho-ke, amahlumela awo akufanele aqedwe. Uma ufisa, lokhu kungenziwa ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kwesitshalo - kulokhu, kubalulekile ukucubungula izigaba ngenkuni. Amathanga amisiwe kuphela avunyelwe kuphela.
Ukufakelwa
Ukutshala kabusha lokhu okunamnandi kuyadingeka kuphela entwasahlobo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ibhodlela elisha kufanele likhethwe ngamasentimitha ambalwa ngaphezu kwesingaphambilini.
Kubalulekile! Ukwakhiwa kwenhlabathi kufanele kufane nalokhu lapho isitshalo samandla sakhula khona ngaphambi kokutshala kabusha.
Izitshalo ezincane zidinga ukukhuphuka ebhodweni njalo ngonyaka, ngakho ukufakelwa kwawo okufakiwe kwenziwa kaningi. Lokhu kungenxa yokukhula okujulile nokukhululwa kwamahlumela esitshalo kule nkathi yokuphila. Kodwa izimpande zalesi sitshalo azithathi isikhala esiningi, ngakho-ke ukufakelwa kwezitshalo ezindala kakade kuqhutshwa okungaphezu kwesisodwa njalo eminyakeni emibili.
Uma inhlabathi ingenwa igciwane futhi ingenayo isikhunta, khona-ke isitshalo sinconywa ukuba sitshalise ngokusebenzisa indlela yokuguqula: ngale ndlela ngeke ulilimaze izimpande ezibucayi. Uma kungenjalo, kungcono ukubuyisela ngokuphelele inhlabathi. Kanti futhi uma ukutshala kabusha izimbali zabavuni abanolwazi bayelulekwa ukuba basuse isiqu esidala, futhi batshale kuphela amahlumela amancane.
Ukuzala
Lo mnandi uyakwazi ukukhiqiza ngokusika nokuhlwanyela imbewu, evame ukuvela emvelweni. Ezimweni zefulethi ukhetha ukuthi iyiphi indlela eyamukelekayo kuwe. Futhi ukuze inqubo ikhiqize, kubalulekile ukucabangela ama-nuances athile.
Cuttings
Ukuze usebenzise le ndlela, uqale udinga ukuhlukanisa amahlumela amasha kusukela endala. Ngemuva kwalokho, amahlumela ahlehliswa amahora angu-24 ukuze abone.
Ngemuva kosuku ungakwazi ukuhambisa amaGuernias amancane ngenhlanganisela yesihlabathi esicwebezelayo kanye ne-peat. Ukushisa emoyeni ekamelweni kufanele kube + 20 ° ะก. Ngemuva kweviki elilodwa nesigamu izimpande zizovela ku-cuttings. Lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi kungenzeka ukutshala izibonelo eziqinisiwe ezimbizeni ezihlala unomphela ububanzi obungaba ngu-7 cm.
Inhlabathi kumele ilungiselelwe kusengaphambili. Kulokhu udinga ukuxuba:
- 1 ingxenye yesihlabathi;
- Izingcezu ezimbili zomhlabathi omile;
- 1 ingxenye ye-turf;
- Ingxenyana engxenyeni yamalahle wamalahle nomsila ku-1 kuya ku-8.
Funda amathiphu ekunakekeleni imbali yeDemembrist ekhaya.
Imbewu
Imbewu yalokhu enhle ingathengwa, kodwa kungcono ukuqoqa owakho. Ngokuvamile zitholakala ezithombeni ezise-inflorescences. Emva kokuqoqa okusanhlamvu, kubalulekile ukususa kubo. Khona-ke ukwaziswa kufakwa kwisisombululo se-potassium permanganate nokuhlwanyelwa. Okokuqala, kuyadingeka ukutshala imbewu kulezi ziqukathi ezihlukene, lapho inhlabathi enesihlabathi noma isitolo se-substrate yamnandi ifaka kusengaphambili.
Kuthatha cishe inyanga ukuze imbewu ihlume. Konke lokhu, inhlabathi iyanamanzi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo akunconywa ukumboza izimbiza nge-foil noma ingilazi. Uma imbewu ihluma, ingahlwanyelwa ezimbizeni ezihlukene ngokulinganisa kuka-6 cm. Ukubunjwa kwenhlabathi kufanele kufane nokusabalalisa nge-cuttings.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi isitshalo samandla sikhula masinyane futhi si-pereopyletsya kalula, kule ndaba, izitshalo ezincane zingase zihluke ngandlela-thile embonini yomzali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungavumeli umhlaba ungomile ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila komnandi. Imbewu ye-Gerbed ehluma emzalweni iqala ukuqhakaza ngaphakathi kweminyaka engu-3-4 emva kokuhluma.
Izinkinga ekukhuleni
Ngezinye izikhathi kulesisiphumo kubonakala izindawo ezimnyama kungabonwa - lezi zishisa ekukhanyeni kwelanga. Kulesi simo, kuyadingeka ukuba wenze lesi sitshalo ngendwangu noma ngephepha. Kodwa ungazishisekeli ngalokhu, ngoba lesi sitshalo sizoba sebala kakhulu futhi singathandeki. Ukubhubhisa i-Guernia kungukuchichima kwenhlabathi nomswakama ophezulu.
Uyazi? Ukubona lezi zitshalo okokuqala, iGoethe yazichaza ngokuthi "izimbali ezinhle kakhulu kunazo zonke" ngenxa yobumnandi bazo. Futhi abaseBrithani babiza i-Guerniya inhlanzi embi, ngoba ukunambitheka kwayo kufana nenhlanzi ebolile.Uma kunomswakama obuningi kakhulu, i-mealybug i-powdery ingabonakala embali, okuzoholela ezifweni zenyamazane. Ukuze uyilahle, udinga ukuphatha lesi sitshalo ngezinambuzane, njenge "Aktara" noma "Intavir". Futhi, umswakama owedlulele ungabangela ukubola esihlahleni. Kubonakala amabala obomvu noma ama-gray phezu kwesiqu. Kulesi simo, ukususwa ngokushesha kwezindawo ezithintekile kanye nokugeleza kwenhlabathi kuzokusiza.
Ngenxa yokuthi lezi zakhi zofuzo ezijwayele ukujwayela ukuzivumelanisa nehlane elibi, izinkinga zakhe zokulima ekhaya azivumi. Ukuqaphela zonke izincomo zokukhulisa amandla, ngisho ne-florist ongenalwazi angathola lesi sitshalo esiyingqayizivele efesiteleni layo.
