Ukunakekelwa nokukhiqizwa kwe-gloxinia ekhaya

I-Gloxinia ibhekwa njengesiko elincane kakhulu eYurophu, kusukela kuphela emakhulwini amathathu eminyaka adlule.

Imbali ngokushesha yazuza ukuthandwa futhi isifiso sokuyizalisa ekhaya. Ngezindlela zokwakhiwa kwalesi sitshalo futhi kuzoxoxwa ngakho kulesi sihloko.

Okuqukethwe:

• Izindlela zokukhiqiza izitshalo ekhaya
• Izihlahla ze-Leaf
• Imbewu
• Ukuhlukana kwe-Tuber
• Ividiyo: I-Gloxinia ikhiqizwa yi-tuber division
• Peduncle
• Amakhanda
• Izici ezizalisa i-gloxinia
• Spring nehlobo
• I-autumn nobusika
• Ukulungiselela ukufakelwa kwembali
• Ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe
• Izinkinga zokuzala ezingenzeka

Imithetho eyisisekelo ye-gloxinia ekhulayo

Ukufakwa kwe-gloxinia noma i-syringium (igama lesibili) kuxhomeke ngenkathi nesigaba sokuthuthukiswa kwayo. Ngentwasahlobo, kusengcono futhi ilanga lingasebenzi kakhulu, lesi sitshalo sikhululekile enhlangothini eningizimu yendlu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kwandisa ubukhulu obuluhlaza futhi kulungele ukubeka amafihlethi, ngakho-ke kudinga ukukhanyisa okukhanyayo. Ekuseni kwentwasahlobo, ngenkathi ilanga lokukhanya lihlala lincane, imbali ikhanyiswa ukuze lolo suku lufike emahoreni angu-12-14.

Phakathi nenkathi yezimbali, ukukhanya kokukhanya kumele kudluliswe. Kude kakhulu, ukukhanya okukhanyayo kunciphisa isikhathi sokumbali. Ukushisa kokuqukethwe kuhle kakhulu ku-20 ... + 26 ° С, izinga lokushisa libhekwa lingezansi + 18 ° С noma ngaphezulu + 28 ° С. Lesi sitshalo sikhetha umswakama ophezulu ku-60-80%.

Indlela yokuchelela inconywa ukuba ihlelwe ngaphakathi kwepan noma ukuchelela kwenhlabathi eceleni komngcele webhodlela ukuze umswakama ungatholi emigqumeni noma emaqabunga. Ukushisa kwamanzi kufanele kube yizi-2-3 degrees ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa lomoya, ikhwalithi - ehlungiwe noma okungenani ihlukaniswe ngosuku. Ngemva kokuphuza amanzi asele epanini anqanyuliwe. Imvamisa yokunisela incike ekutheni ukomile kwenhlabathi yomhlabathi: udinga ukumanzisa inhlabathi eyomile cishe.

Izitshalo ziqala ukwenza izinyanga ezimbili emva kokutshala, umanyolo awufanele uwele entanyeni impande, iziqu noma amahlamvu. Ukutshala isihlahla esinesikhathi sezinsuku ezingu-14, emva kokuchelela, ukushintshanisa izingqimba zamaminerali kanye nodaba oluphilayo. Phakathi nenkathi ekhulayo, njengezindaba eziphilayo, ungasebenzisa ukumnika kwamanzi ama-droppings. Isixazululo esixubile (0.5 kg / 12 l), sagcizelela izinsuku ezingu-3-4, sihlanjululwa ngamanzi ukuchelela ngesilinganiso se-l / 1.5 l yokugxila. Ezingxenyeni zamaminerali zisebenza i-ammonium nitrate (1.5 g / 1 l).

Phakathi nenkathi yezimbali, izinkuni (1 isipuni 1/1 l amanzi) zishintshwa nge superphosphate (1.5 g / 1 l). Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, i-potassium-phosphorus isetshenziselwa ukubuyisela amandla, isibonelo, i-potassium monophosphate (2 g / 1 l amanzi). Ekupheleni kuka-Septhemba, baqala ukunciphisa ukuchelela, balungiselela imbali isikhathi sokuphumula, esukela ngo-Okthoba kuya kuFebhuwari. Ngemuva kokuphela kokunisela, izingxenye eziluhlaza ze-gloxinia zizofa, futhi i-tuber izodinga ukususwa ebhodweni. Ifakwa kwisitoreji enhlabathini emanzi futhi igcinwe ekushiseni kwe + 10 ... + 15 ° С.

Uyazi? INkosi yaseSweden uCharles II wethula isaziso esiyingqayizivele phakathi kwezikhulu zaseYurophu - "ulimi lwezimbali". Isiqu se-gloxinia njengesipho kulolu limi sasho ukumemezela kothando ekuqaleni kokubona.

Izindlela zokukhiqiza izitshalo ekhaya

I-Gloxinia ikhiqiza kahle kokubili izindlela zembewu nezitshalo, kodwa akuzona zonke izindlela ezihle kuzo zonke izinhlobo. Sizokutshela ngakho ngokuningiliziwe ngezansi.

Izihlahla ze-Leaf

Lena enye yezindlela ezinokwethenjelwa kakhulu zokusakaza imbali, futhi akunandaba ukuthi isetshenziselwa iqabunga lonke noma i-fragment yalo. Iqabunga elincane elinesigamu esifushane, kufinyelele ku-3 cm, kuthathwa njengokusika. Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe:

1. Inkomishi epulasitiki enhlabathini enomanzi yafaka ishidi ekujuleni kwe-1 cm.
2. Isiqukathi sigcwele ifilimu futhi sibeke endaweni evulekile.
3. Ifilimu isuswa ngenyanga, ngesikhathi lapho izimpande zivela khona.
4. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbili, leli shici lidala "izingane" eziningana. Ngalesi sikhathi, sinqunywe, kanti isithombo kanye "nezingane" kufakwa embizeni.

Ngendlela efanayo, phakamisa izitshalo nezitshalo, uma uthanda, ukuthola izilimo eziyizigaxa eziningana. Umehluko nje wukuthi ishidi lihlukaniswa, njengokufana nesithombe ngezansi. Ngokuvamile ema-axils amaqabunga kunezingane zokutholwa ezithatha isihlahla ukuze zithuthukise amandla amaningi kanye nokudla okunomthelela wokulimala. Kunconywa ukuthi ususe amahlumela anjalo, kodwa akufanele uwalahle kude, kungcono ukusebenzisa ukukhiqiza. Iphethini lokuzalanisa lezinyathelo lifana nendlela eyedlule.

Imbewu

Imbewu ingathengwa esitolo esikhethekile noma iqoqwe ngokuzimela. Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, indaba kufanele ifakwe ku-Fitosporin-M amahora amabili, ukulingana kokulungiselela isisombululo sama-aqueous of the powder ifomu - 1.5 g / 100 ml amanzi. Ukulandelana kwezinyathelo lapho kuhlwanyela kulandela lokhu:

1. Gcwalisa isitsha sokutshala ngenhlabathi enqabile.
2. Imbewu ixubene nesihlabathi futhi isakaze phezu komhlaba.
3. Ngokucophelela, ukuze ungahlanza imbewu, inhlabathi ihambelana nesipirisi.
4. Isiqukathi sigcwele ingilazi noma ifilimu yeplastiki futhi ifakwe endaweni ekhanyayo.
5. Ukushisa okuhluma kufanele kube + 25 ° С.
6. Izitshalo zivamise njalo futhi uma kudingeka, zifakwe ngamanzi.
7. Amahlumela avela kungakapheli inyanga.

Kubalulekile! Izimbali zokuqala (zivela ngemuva kwezinyanga ezingu-9) kumele ziqedwe: lesi sitshalo asikakwanele ngokwanele ukuze kutholakale izimbali.

Ukuhlukana kwe-Tuber

Ngemuva kwesikhathi sokuphumula, izilimo eziyizigaxa zisuswa kusitoreji. Ukukhiqizwa ngokuhlukaniswa, izilimo eziyizigaxa zihlolwe ukubola noma ezinye izifo, zihlanza izimpande ezomile. Izenzo ezengeziwe:

1. Gweba izinto ezifakwe ku-fungicide (Fitosporin-M: 10 g / 0.5 l amanzi, imizuzu engu-30).
2. Sitshala esitsheni esincane esine-primer ekubukeni kwamaqabunga. Izitshalo emhlabathini zidinga amehlo phezulu.
3. Uma kuvela amaqabunga ama-4-5 aqinile, i-tuber ihlukaniswe, ishiya amaqabunga aluhlaza okwesigamu ngasinye.
4. Nciphisa ama-halves ube yi-fungicide, bese uyomile bese ufafaza ukusika ngelahle elichotshoziwe.
5. Plant delenki ezimbizeni ezilungiselelwe zigcwele inhlabathi.
6. Amanzi ngosuku olulandelayo.

Ividiyo: I-Gloxinia ikhiqizwa yi-tuber division

Peduncle

Ama-flower stalks aphelile nawo afaneleka njengento yokutshala. Uhlelo lokuqothula:

1. Ukuhluma okomile kususiwe, i-pedicel inqunywa nge-angle.
2. Ukuhluma kwezimpande kwenziwa emanzini. Amanzi afudumele ahlungiwe noma acwecwekile athululelwa emgodini obala obala 1 cm.
3. Ukuze uvimbele ukubola kwesigaba esingaphansi kwesitshalo, qhafaza ithebhulethi engu-1 ye-carbon esebenzayo emanzini.
4. Njengamanzi njengoba amanzi e-evaporation athululelwa ukuba ahlale ezingeni elifanayo.
5. Isiqukathi sifakwa endaweni ekhanyayo.
6. Ngenyanga, ama-peduncles azokhula izimpande, bese kuthi emva kwezinsuku ezingu-15-20, amaqabunga nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezincane zizovela.
7. Ngalesi sikhathi, izithombo zidluliselwa embizeni egcwele inhlabathi.

Kubalulekile! Le ndlela ayifanelekele izinhlobo ze-terry ze-syringium, kaningi iziqu ze-peduncles zibolile.

Amakhanda

Ama-cuttings a-apical ayindlela ehlukile, uma ngesinye isizathu isitshalo selulekile kakhulu noma singasencane, i-tuber idinga ukuphumula. Ukusika kunqunywa ngeceleni lika-2 cm ngaphezu kwe-tuber. Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe:

1. Ubude bokusika buba ngu-3 cm, amaqabunga aphansi asuswe ngokucophelela ukuze angasusi amandla.
2. Amanzi ahlanzekile athululelwa ku-container ebonakalayo e-2 cm ejulile, echitha ithebhulethi yomoya osebenzayo kuwo.
3. Isiqu sifakwa emanzini futhi sigcwele ifilimu.
4. Ukuvuthwa kwezimoto kufakwa ekushiseni nasekukhanyeni okukhanyayo.
5. Hlanganisa njalo izithombo, uthele amanzi uma kunesidingo.
6. Emva kokuvela kwamahlumela kufakwe emhlabathini.

Izici ezizalisa i-gloxinia

Njengoba inikezwe ngezindlela eziningi zokwelapha izilinganiso, zingasetshenziswa ngezikhathi ezahlukene zonyaka. Nakuba isikhathi esihle kunazo zonke ukuphela kwentwasahlobo nehlobo. Ngalesi sikhathi, emva kokuphumula kwasebusika, lesi sitshalo sinamandla okwanele ekuzaleni, ezinyangeni zokuqala zentwasahlobo kunesikhathi sokuphumula. Ngendlela ngayinye echazwe ngenhla, inkathi eyodwa noma enye iyafaneleka.

I-cuttings eziqongweni zezimbali zommbizi zingenziwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka, uma kungenzeka ukuqinisekisa ukushisa kokuqukethwe ezingeni lika-20 ... + 25 ° С.

Spring nehlobo

Ngasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, vela nge-tuber, uhlume ngokushesha ngemva kokuphumula. Ukukhiqizwa yiqabunga kanye nezingane zokutholwa kwenziwa ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo noma ekuqaleni kwehlobo.

I-autumn nobusika

Izimbali e-gloxinia ezinakekelwa kahle zingahlala kusukela ngoMashi kuya kuSeptemba. I-peduncles njengento yokutshala esetshenziswe ekwindla. Ukutshala izimbali Kunconywa ukuba kudluliselwe ekuqaleni kukaJanuwari noma eyishumi lokugcina kaFebhuwari.

Funda ukuthi ungayinakekela kanjani i-gloxinia ngemuva kokuchichima.

Ukulungiselela ukufakelwa kwembali

I-Gloxinia idinga inhlabathi evuthayo ngekhono lokuthwala elihle kanye namagugu ama-asidi ka-5.5-6.5 pH. Ukwakhiwa kwenhlabathi kufanele kube ku-1: 1: 0.5:

• isikhumba esiphakeme;
• iqabunga lomhlaba;
• isihlabathi

Ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, inhlabathi ingasetshenziswa i-disinfected noma i-calcining kuhhavini ku-100 ° C noma ngokuchitha isixazululo sama-manganese amancane. Izinto ezibonakalayo ebhodweni azikhathaleki kakhulu, ubukhulu bezithombo ezincane ezincotshiwe kufanele zibe ngu-10 cm. Isiqukathi kufanele sibe nomthamo omkhulu. Njengempahla yokugeleza basebenzisa konke okuseduze:

• izingcezu ze-foam;
• amahlumela;
• igravel.

Ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe

Ukuze ukhule i-gloxinia ngempumelelo futhi ugcine izimbali zayo eziluhlaza, akwanele ukulandela imithetho yokulima nokunakekelwa.

Hlola izinhlobo ze-terry gloxinia.

Izimfihlo ezimbalwa ezivela kubalimi bezimbali ezihlangene kuzokusiza kule ndaba:

1. Ngesikhathi sokuhluma kwezimpande ezitshalweni, izinga lokushisa liphakanyiselwa ku-25 ° C. Ngemuva kokuvuthwa kwemifino lapho kuqala ukuthuthukiswa okusebenzayo kobumnyama obuhlaza, isitshalo sigcinwa kulemodi yokushisa: emini - + 22 ° С, ebusuku - + 18 ° С. Inqubo enjalo izovumela ukuthi isihlahla senze kahle ngaphandle kokudonsa amahlumela.
2. Ngemuva kokuqothula kwe-tuber, lapho kuvela amaqabunga amaqabunga, imbali izodinga ukukhanya okukhulu. Khona-ke iziqu zizoba mfushane, isihlahla se-squat, futhi ama-buds azoboshwa ngaphezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhanya okukhanyayo kulesi sigaba kuzonikeza umbala ogqamile emagumbini esikhathini esizayo.
3. Naphezu kothando lwesitshalo somswakama ophezulu, akuyona into engathandeki ukupunga i-Gloxinia, kungcono ukubeka isitsha ngokugcwalisa okumanzi (ubisi, ubumba obunwetshiwe) eduze kwalo.
4. Uma ukuchelela kufanele kuqaphele ukusatshalaliswa komfaniswano wamanzi emhlabeni wonke. Njengoba izimpande ze-gloxinia zitholakala ngokukhululekile, ukuchichima endaweni eyodwa kuzodala ukubola, nokugcwalisa kwenye indawo - ukuma.
5. Ukwenza imbali ikhule ibe yinkimbinkimbi futhi enhle, ibhodlela lihlale liphendukile nxazonke.
6. Ukuze sinningia iqhume kabili ngenkathi, ngemuva kokuqala kokuqhakaza, isitshalo sithathwa amaqabunga amabili aphansi. Ngemuva kokuvela kwamanqamu, abuye asuswe, ashiye ezimbalwa athembisayo, futhi isihlahla sondliwa ngamakhomikhali ayinkimbinkimbi ekukhuleni okusebenzayo kanye nezimbali.

Uyazi? Igama lesibili lembali yeSinningia ayinamathele phakathi kwabalimi. Kungenxa yokuthi isilawuli sokuqala egameni elithi Gloxinia - "Glock" - kusuka ku-German ehunyushwe ngokuthi "ibell"obomvu bawo obulandela i-inflorescence yesitshalo.

Izinkinga zokuzala ezingenzeka

Izinkinga ekuzaleni i-gloxinis zingakhula kokubili esigabeni sokuhluma nasesiteji sokuqothula, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ungatshala kanjani kuphela, kodwa nokuthi iyiphi indlela ongayikhetha. Izinkinga eziyinhloko zokukhiqiza:

1. Lapho ihluma, izimpande azibonakali isikhathi eside - ukusika kunqunywa ngokujulile, inhlabathi ngesikhathi sokuhluma iyancipha kakhulu.
2. I-tuber ayizange ifakwe - isiqu esine-stem eside esithathiwe ukukhiqiza.
3. Ukubola kwezinto zokutshala kuyithuluzi elingelona oyinyumba, amanzi asempofu omncane (ukuqhuma inhlanzi emanzini), ukuntuleka kokukhanya, ukushisa okuphakeme kakhulu, ukungabi khona kwezingcwelengqondo zezingxenye, izinto zokutshala ezigulayo.
4. I-sapling rot ingabangelwa indlela engalungile yokuzalanisa uhlobo oluthile.

Ngenkathi yokukhula kwe-gloxinia, ungabhekana nezifo nezinambuzane ezihlasela imbali. Izindlela zokubhekana nazo zivezwe ngezansi:

1. Umsuka wokubola - isisetshenziswa esiphuthumayo sokunisela "i-Diskor" (isisombululo ngesilinganiso samanzi angu-1 ml / 2 l).
2. Ukuphazamisa okwesikhashana - sebenzisa ukuchelela ngesisombululo se-aqueous of the drug "Alirin-B" ngenani lamaphilisi angu-0.25 / 1.5 l.
3. I-Fusarium - yenza ukuchelela kwenhlabathi ngesidakamizwa esithi "Vitaros" ngokulinganisa 2 ml / 1 l amanzi.
4. Thrips - esebenza kahle yilo muthi "Actellic". Ukuze uphefaza, lungisa isisombululo ngesilinganiso samanzi amabili / 2 l amanzi.
5. Isibungu se-spider - Ungabhubhisa inkathazo ngokuphalaza umuthi "Agravertin" (2 ml / 1 l amanzi).

Ukukhiqizwa kwe-gloxinia eyinkimbinkimbi akufani, into esemqoka: landela imithetho bese ukhetha indlela oyifunayo yokuhlukahluka okuthile. Ukunakekelwa okusemandleni kuyokuvumela ukuba ubabaze imbali yale mbali enhle, mhlawumbe ngisho kabili ngonyaka.