Izinhlobo zezinkomo ezimhlophe zaseCaucasus zisho uhlobo oluxubile.
Kulolu hlobo, kunezinhlobo ezintathu ezingaphansi: ubisi, ubisi nenyama, inyama kanye nobisi.
Ngokuyinhloko kuleso sizwe kubusa ubisi nenyama yokuqondisa.
Umlando wemvelaphi
Umlando wohlobo lwaqala e-Caucasus (Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Dagestan). Umsebenzi wawuwukuletha izilwane ngobisi obukhulu nokukhiqiza inyama. 
Ukufezekisa umgomo, kunqunywe ukuwela izinkomo zendawo zendawo nezinkunzi zeSwitzerland. Izinkunzi zamakhethi zikhethiwe ukuze zikhethwe, omama babo banikeza ubisi oluphezulu. Amathole atholakele athathwa ukuze alondolozwe ezimweni ezinhle futhi aphinde awele phakathi kwabo.
Umsebenzi onzima kangaka wahlala iminyaka engu-30, kusukela ngo-1930. Umphumela walo wawuwuhlobo olubomvu lwaseCaucasus lobisi nokuqondisa inyama, olubhaliswe ngo-1960. Ngokufanayo, kusukela ekuhambeni kwezinkomo zohlobo lwaseCaucasus ngezinkunzi zezinhlobo zeKostroma neLebedinskaya, kutholakala uhlu lwezinhlobo zezinyama-nobisi.
Incazelo kanye nezici
Umehluko omkhulu walesi sizwe kusuka kwabanye ukuhlanganiswa nokuxilongwa kwezilwane. Futhi banamathambo amancane, okuvezwa kahle kwizimpawu zezinkomo.
Izinhlobo zezinkomo zenyama nezinyosi zihlanganisa ne-Kazakh-white-headed, i-Sychevskaya, i-Shvitskaya, i-Yakut mini-cow, i-Krasnogorbatovskaya, iSimmental.
Ukubukeka nomzimba
- Isisindo I-Bull - 700-800 kg, inkomo - 430-480 kg, ithole (inkunzi) - 28 kg, ithole (isithole) -24 kg.
- Ukuphakama (lapho kubonakala). 1.23-1.29 m, ukulinganisa isifuba - 37-41 cm.
- Umbala Brown. Umuntu ngamunye unomthunzi wawo.
- Uboya. Mfushane, ubushelelezi.
- Udder Kubiziwe, kodwa mhlawumbe kungenhlamvu. Isikhumba sesikhumba kuso sikhulu, ama-nipples akhiwa, izikhumba ze-milk zibizwa, isikhumba sinwebeka.
- Inhloko Ubukhulu obuphakathi.
- Umkhumbi Okufushane
- Limbs. Okufushane, okuqinile, okuqinile.
- Ukuphela emuva Kakhulu, kancane kancane.
Izinkomba Zokudla Nezilwane
Abamele balesi sizwe banezici ezilandelayo:
- Nadoy izinsuku ezingu-305 zokulahlwa - 4000-4500 kg. I-lactation yokuqala e-vitriol empofu (500-600 kg nge-lactation). Ngemuva kokutholwa kwesibili, ama-indices akhula (kufika ku-1000 kg). Kusukela kwesithathu ukuya ezingeni elikhiqizayo. Ukuqondisa ubisi kulesi sizalo kunika ubisi olungaphezulu kuka-23.5% kunobisi-inyama, futhi 61.1% ngaphezu kokudla nobisi.
- I-Milk Fat - 3.78% (ukuqondisa ubisi), 3.84% (ubisi nenyama). Ebusika, amanani akhula abe ngu-4.4%.
- Okuqukethwe kwamaprotheni - 3,35-3,40%.
- Ubisi bunamakhemikhali abalulekile obuphilayo kanye nezimfanelo ezikhethekile zobuchwepheshe, ngakho-ke kuhlale njalo esetshenziselwa ukwenza izidlo zobisi.
- Ubuningi bukhoma bezinhlobo zobisi - 453-514 kg, ubisi nenyama - 470-529 kg, inyama kanye nobisi - 514-541 kg.
- Ukuvuthwa kokubeletha. I-calving yokuqala inyangeni engu-14-15 enesisindo sika 250-300 kg. Ukukhulelwa - izinsuku ezingu-285. Ngamaphesenti angu-2.4%, amawele angazalwa, ngo-0.013% - kathathu.
- Inkomo owazalwa enesisindo esingama-24-26 kg (ngokwesilinganiso). Ngezinyanga ezingu-6 ufika kufika ku 126 kg. Ezinyangeni ezingu-18 - kufika ku-259-270 kg. Ngosuku lokukhula cishe cishe ngu-600 g.
- I-Bychkov iqala ukudlala izinyanga ezingu-16. Kule minyaka yobudala, balinganiselwa ku-700 kg.
- Ukudla kwenyama ngokuphathelene nesisindo somzimba 53-60% (kuye ngokuthi iminyaka yesilwane).
Uyazi? EGeorgia, inkomo enombala yaseCaucasia yayibhalwe ngamandla epulazini elizalisayo elithi "Bashkichetsky". Isivuno sesilinganiso sasingaba ngu-4000 kg ngesisindo sezinkomo ezincane ze-500 kg. Kodwa kwakukhona nomnikazi werekhodi. Izinsuku ezingu-305, inkomo yeKrajl yakwazi ukukhiqiza u-8789 kg ubisi ngamanoni ama-0.11% aphezulu kunezinga elilinganiselwa ku-560 kg. Ku-1 kg wesisindo sawo saba ngu-15.7 kg ubisi.
Amandla nobuthakathaka
Izinzuzo:
- ukuzithoba;
- ukukhiqiza okuphezulu;
- ikhono lokuletha amathole angaphezu kweyodwa;
- udla ukudla okuncane kunezinye inyama nezinkomo zobisi.
Izinkinga:
- Ukukhiqiza inyama kuncane;
- pereborchivaya ekudleni.
Ukunakekela nokondla ukudla
Ukuze izinkomo zenyama nezinkambiso zobisi zihlinzekele kahle ubisi, kufanele zigcinwe kahle. Ebusika, kuyinto efiselekayo ukuyigcina esitolo, futhi ehlobo - ukuthumela emadlelweni. Ama-gobies abulawe adinga ukudla kwawo siqu.
Izidingo zegumbi
Ukuze izinkomo zikhululeke ebusika, kufanele kuthathwe ukunakekelwa ukuze kulungiswe igumbi. Akufanele ukuphahlazeka, njengoba izilwane azibekezeli izikwele. Ama-Windows kufanele asetshenziselwe ukuphuza umoya, kufanele abe ohlangothini noma ngemuva, kodwa ngaphezulu kwekhanda lezinkomo.
Umoya omusha kufanele ugele hhayi kuphela ngamafasitela, kodwa futhi nesistimu yokuphuza umoya. Ibuye ilawula izinga lomswakama, okuyinto ebusika kufanele igcinwe cishe ku-75%.
Kubalulekile! Abamele idwala elimnyama laseCaucasia bajwayele ukuhlala endaweni eguquguqukayo yezintaba, kodwa ngenxa yokuphila kwabo okunethezeka kuyinto efiselekayo yokugcina izinga lokushisa lingekho ngaphansi kwe-10 ° C ebusika hhayi ngaphezu kuka-20 ° C ehlobo.
Ukuze uthole isivuno esihle, amahora okukhanya kwemini adingeka ngo-4 ntambama Ukukhanyisa okwengeziwe kungcono ukwenza i-LED. Kuyinto engcono kakhulu futhi ehlala njalo. 
Emgodini womuntu ngamunye ubeka isiteji. Ngokwesilinganiso, ubude bayo bube ngu-180-190 cm, nobubanzi - 140 cm. I-leash akufanele iphazamise isilwane ukuba silale phansi ngokukhululekile futhi sime. I-floor esitokisini ihlanganiswe nokusika utshani, ama-peat chips, ama-chips ezivela emithini enemibala, amaqabunga awile. Ungenza phansi efudumele: uhlanganiswe namabhodi wokuqina okukhulu.
Kuyinto efiselekayo ukwenza i-semi-oval feeder ibe nobubanzi engxenyeni engezansi ye-50 cm, nangaphezulu-80 cm. Isabelo esisodwa sokudla okubi kufanele kufakwe kuso. Ukudla okumanzi nokumanzi kudinga amandla ahlukene. Abaphuzi bangcono ukusebenzisa okuzenzakalelayo.
Funda indlela yokwakha inqolobane, futhi wenze isilondolozi ngezinkomo ngezandla zakho.
Ukuhlanza inqolobane
Izindonga ezisemgodini, izingxenye, abaxhasi nabaphuza kumele zihlungwe nge-disinfected kabili ngonyaka: emva kokudla emadlelweni ezinkomo futhi ngaphambi kokuba kuqhutshekwe esigodini.
Umquba uhlanzwa nsuku zonke. Kanti futhi ukondla imifino neziphuzo zigeza nsuku zonke. Ukulala okunamandla nakho kuyashintsha nsuku zonke. Ukuze izinkomo ziphumule kahle, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa i-1/4 centner utshani ngesonto.
Ukudla nokuphuza
Imenyu yasehlobo yasezinkantini zaseCaucasus:
- 6 kg of hay ekuseni nakusihlwa;
- ingxube (2 kg) yebhali, i-sunflower, i-oats ihlukaniswe ukudla kokudla kwasemini nokuhlwa;
- 0.6 kg wegaman ngesidlo sakusihlwa nakusihlwa;
- 600 g we-sunflower isidlo sokudla kwesidlo sasemini nokuhlwa;
- 400 g yenyama kanye nethambo lesidlo sasemini nakusihlwa;
- I-16 kg ye-silage, i-alfalfa haylage ihlukaniswe ngezibonelelo ezintathu;
- amavithamini namaminerali amaminerali.
Uma okuqukethwe kwamanoni ebisi ehlobo sekuwile, kubalulekile ukwandisa inani lokudla, ama-bran nama-cereal mixings ekudleni. Lezi zokudla ziphezulu amaprotheni.Kubalulekile! Ehlobo ngaphambi kokuhamba, isilwane kumele sondliwe ngotshani noma utshani ukuze kuvinjelwe ukushaywa kwe-timpani.
Imenyu yasebusika:
- 15 kg of hay kathathu ngosuku;
- 3 kg wezinsuku zebhali nobusuku;
- 16 kg we ithanga ne-zucchini ekudleni kwasemini nakusihlwa;
- 30 kg we-silage ekuseni futhi kusihlwa emva kokudla;
- 5 kg ushukela isithombo sebhitrudi noma isanqante nemifino;
- 1.5 kg of bran ngesikhathi sakusihlwa kanye kusihlwa;
- 1 kg yokugxila esikhathini sokubamba.
Abantu abanamafutha okudla kufanele bathole okungenani ama-100 kg utshani ehlobo. Zondla ngazo zonke izimboni.
Imenyu yasehlobo yenyama ngabanye:
- 5 kg we-haylage, 4 kg we-silage ekuseni ngaphambi kokuhamba nakusihlwa;
- 9 kg imifino impande nemifino kabili (kwasemini, kusihlwa);
- 1 kg of bran kanye nesidlo sasemini;
- 4 kg wesondlo kusihlwa;
- 5 kg of izaqathe ntambama nakusihlwa;
- 8 kg iklabishi noma itheniphu for kwasemini nakusihlwa.
Ukudla kwebusika:- 30 kg we silage kanye 18 kg izitshalo izimpande for feedings ezintathu;
- 6 kg imifino kanye izaqathe;
- 15 kg we-turnip;
- ku-1 kg wegxila, ikhekhe, ixubanisa okusanhlamvu emini kanye nakusihlwa.
Ngokuphuza, izinkabi akudingeki zinikezwe ngamanzi acwebile kunama-10 ... + 12 ° ะก. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuphuza emva kokudla ukudla okunomsoco. Inani lokuchelela kufanele lilingane nenani lokuphakelayo. Ebusika, awukwazi ukushayela umhlambi endaweni yokunisela. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, amanzi angcono ukuvuna ezinkomeni ezinkulu bese uwabeka egumbini.
Uyazi? Emazweni aseYurophu, inyama yenkomo ayitholakali ekuzalweni kwemfuyo, kodwa kusukela ebisi, inyama kanye nobisi. Ngenxa yalokhu, abalimi baqhubeka bezama ukuthuthukisa izimfanelo zenyama yalezi zinkomo.
Njengoba ungabona, ubuhle bezobisi zaseCaucasia abuhloniphi ekunakekeleni nasekunomsoco. Imvelo yabanikeza isifo sokuzivikela esihle ukuze bakwazi ukusinda esimweni sezulu esishintshayo, ngakho-ke, ngenkathi bethola izimo zokuphila ezihlelekile ezilwaneni nokudla okunomsoco, ngeke banikeze inkathazo enkulu, kodwa kuzojabulisa kuphela ngokuvunwa okuhle.
