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Indlela yokuphatha i-babesiosis ezinkomeni

I-Babesiosis ingenye yezifo ezivame kakhulu zenkomo, etholakala kokubili ezindaweni ezishisayo nezesenyakatho nasenyakatho. Unyaka ngamunye lesi sifo siholela ekulahlekelweni okukhulu kanye nokufa kwemfuyo enkulu. Kulesi sihloko sizocubungisisa ukuthi yiyiphi i-babesiosis, futhi sazi kahle izimpawu ezisemqoka nezindlela zokulwa nalesi sifo.

Kuyini i-babesiosis

I-Babesiosis ingumonakalo owonakalayo ongenakalisayo emzimbeni wezilwane, okubangelwa ukuthuthukiswa kwezitho kanye nezicubu ze-protozoa ye-genus Babesia. Abesia babantu abathandanayo basuke behlukumezeka kakhulu, lezi zinhlobo zihanjiswa cishe kuwo wonke amazwekazi emhlabeni, ngaphandle kwe-Antarctica. Lesi sifo sinamabonakaliso angacacile, ngokuvamile kubonakala nge-piroplasmosis. Yingakho namuhla lesi sifo sesilwane singenye yezifundo ezingenakufunda.

Funda futhi mayelana nendlela yokwelapha isifo esinjalo sezinkomo njenge-teliasiosis.

I-Pathogen, umjikelezo wokuthuthukiswa, imithombo kanye nemizila yokutheleleka

I-Babesia - i-unicellular, i-parasitic ngaphakathi kwezakhiwo zamaseli zegazi. Ngokuvame ukutholakala ngamaseli abomvu, lapho banda futhi basakaze kuwo wonke umzimba wesilwane. Ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa kokuqala, ukuhlaselwa kwama-parasite kuphela ngamaphesenti ambalwa amangqamuzana egazi abomvu, kodwa uma ishiywe ingalashwa, iyakwazi ukushaya ngaphezulu kwengxenye yamaseli ephilile egazi. Abesia Abangama-parasitic Ngenxa yokuthuthukiswa kwegciwane lesidumbu emzimbeni wezilwane kuqoqa ubuthi obukhulu, obunomthelela onobuthi. Okokuqala, kubonakala ngezilonda ezinzima zesimiso sezinzwa kanye nokuwohloka komsebenzi wezitho ezihlukahlukene nezinhlelo.

I-pathogen isifo esithathelwanayo, ngakho ukugwema i-babesiosis ngaphandle kwezinyathelo zokuzivikela zonyaka cishe akunakwenzeka.

Kungase kube usizo kuwe ukuthi uzijwayele ngezinhlobo ezifuywayo zezinkomo: i-Yakut, i-Belgian blue, i-Hereford, i-Simmental, i-Dutch, i-Holstein ne-Ayrshire.

Ama-abscesses ajulile nawo kufanele avulekele

Umjikelezo wokuphila wezokuthuthukiswa kwama-parasite ufaka ushintsho oluthile lwezimpendulo. I-carrier enkulu yalesi sifo yizibungu ezidalwa yi-parasitic of the genus Ixodes Ngakho-ke, i-babesiosis ivame ukuba yonyaka kanye ne-correlates nesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa kwamathikithi (ngoJuni-Julayi).

Cishe wonke amalungu e-genus ayithwala uhlobo oluthile lwe-babesiosis pathogen, ngakho-ke lesi sifo sitholakala kaningi ezindaweni eziningi ezincelisayo. Izitsha eziyinhloko zokuthuthukiswa kwesifo yizilwane ezithintekile nge-microorganism kanye nabathwali abengeziwe - amagundane (amagundane namagundane). Izidakamizwa - abathwali be-babesiosis yesifo

Ngemuva kokulunywa yisilwane esithathelelekile, i-parasite igxila ngokuzikhandla emzimbeni womkhaza ngegazi. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, i-microorganism ikhula ngokusheshisa futhi isakazeka kuwo wonke umzimba womkhaza. Ngesikhathi esifanayo le nambuzane ayihlushwa ukuthuthukiswa kwe-babezium futhi ihola indlela yokuphila yemvelo. Ngemuva kokuba amaqanda abekwe yizinsikazi, izingxube zezingane zitholwa emzimbeni wengane encane yezinambuzane.

Uyazi? AmaBabesiya aqala ukubonakala futhi achazwa ngo-1888 ngumcwaningi waseRomania uVictor Babesh, ohlonishwayo ngo-1893 owathola igama lawo lanamuhla.

Kulokhu, i-parasite iba yi-microflora yemvelo yomkhiqizo kuze kube sekupheleni kokuphila kwayo. Ngemuva kokulunywa kwesinye sezidakamizwa, izingane zidluliselwa esilwaneni esilandelayo, esiba isitsha esisha sezilwane.

Ngezinye izikhathi izingane zitholakala emigodini - lokhu kuyimfuneko evamile yokulondoloza izinga lezinyoni ezincane. I-parasite ibuye ibuyele ezindongeni ngemuva kokulunywa umuthi othelelekile, kodwa kulokhu, izingane zingabangeli umonakalo omkhulu emzimbeni wezintuthwane kanye namagundane: ngokuvamile ukuhlasela okunjalo emzimbeni wabo kuya cishe kungenakuqhathaniswa. Izidakamizwa zithwelwe yi-babesiosis ngemikhaza. Ngakho-ke, ama-rodents abe yilabo abaphakathi kwegazi lokudlulisela ukutheleleka ezilwaneni ezifuywayo ngokukhawulwa kwamathikithi egazi.

Ngezinye izikhathi i-babesiosis isakazeka phakathi kwemfuyo ngenxa yokuxhumana ngokuqondile nabantu abanempilo abanezihlobo zegazi ezinegciwane. Ngokuvamile lokhu kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokugoma kwemfuyo. Kulesi simo, isizathu esiyinhloko sokusungulwa kwama-parasite emzimbeni akuyona ukugcinwa kwemithetho ejwayelekile yezilwane kanye nehlanzekile lapho isebenza neziphuzo zomzimba nezicubu zezilwane.

Uyazi? Izinhlobo eziningi zenkomo zanamuhla (izinkomo) zivela eziqashini eziphelile - izilwane ezihlukahlukene ezinama-cloven-oven, ezahlonywa ngabantu abangaba ngu-8-Iminyaka eyizinkulungwane eziyi-10 edlule.

Isikhathi sokuvuselela kanye nezimpawu

Ngemuva kokuthi i-parasite ingena emzimbeni, isikhathi sokukhushulwa ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sibonakala izinsuku ezingu-8-14. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-microorganism cishe ayibonakali ngokwayo, futhi ukukhiqiza kwayo ngokuvamile kuvame ukuphilisa izilwane. Ngemuva kwesikhathi sokukhushulwa, ukulimala okukhulu kwezitho nezinhlelo kwenzeka. Kuleli qophelo, ama-parasite asetshenziselwa ngokugcwele emangqamuzaneni abomvu egazi, futhi amakhemikhali afihlwe yilo akwanele ukuze abe nomthelela omubi empilweni yemfuyo.

I-Babesiosis ivame ukuba nzima izinsuku ezingu-7-10. Kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala zalesi sikhathi, izilwane zihlangabezana nesifo sohudo esinamandla, okusho ukuthi emva kwesikhathi esifushane sidlulela esithombeni sesisu sangaphakathi. Lokhu kuholela ekulahlekelweni okusheshayo kwesisindo somzimba, kanye nokuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi, ngenxa yalokho abantu abathintekayo babonisa ukunganaki futhi ukwehla okuphelele emsebenzini.

Abalimi kudingeka bazi izimbangela zokubonakala kwegazi ebusweni lwezinkomo kanye nezindlela zokwelashwa.

Ekugcineni, kukhona ukuwohloka kwekhwalithi kanye neminingi yemikhiqizo yezilwane (ukhiqizwa ubisi kuncishiswe ngo-40-80%, inyama nobisi bangathola ukunambitheka okungajabulisayo noma okubabayo). Ubumnandi obisijabulisayo obisi, ngenxa ye-babesiosis kwenkomo. Izimpawu ezibalulekile ze-babesiosis zihlanganisa:

  • ukwanda izinga lokushisa lomzimba ku-41 ° ะก;
  • isimo somkhuhlane ngokushisa;
  • ukugcoba noma ukuphuziza kwezingqimba zamangqamuzana;
  • bheka ukuphuma kwegazi emanzini amancane;
  • ukuphefumula okusheshayo (ukufika kwezingu-80 ukunyakaza kokuphefumula ngomzuzu);
  • izinhliziyo zomzimba (cishe izintambo ezingu-110 ngomzuzu nangaphezulu);
  • ukuphuma kumchamo (izinsuku ezingu-2-3 zenkambo ye-acute);
  • ukwehla kwegazi;
  • ukwehla okubukhali kwinani lama-erythrocyte egazini (ngo-50-60%);
  • phakathi kwama-erythrocytes, inani le-anisocytes, i-poikilocytes, i-polychromatophils kanye ne-normoblast ukwanda okukhulu;
  • ukuchithwa komzimba.
Ukuqedwa kwamakhola kungenye yezimpawu ze-babesiosis

Izindlela zokuthola i-babesiosis

Ukuxilongwa okunembile kwenziwa ngendlela ephelele ngokusekelwe ku:

  • ukubonakaliswa okukhanyayo kwe-epizootological;
  • ukubonakaliswa kwonyaka ngezibonakaliso ezinkulu;
  • izimpawu ezisemtholampilo zokuthuthukiswa kwezidumbu;
  • I-microscopy ye-blood esheshayo ibheka ukutholakala kwezinto ezingavamile zamaseli egazi;
  • Ucwaningo lwegazi eliphuma endlebeni yesilwane esonakele ngokusho kukaRomanovsky-Giemsa;
  • ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwesimo sezitho zangaphakathi ekuvuleni izilwane ezifile.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-babesiosis ekuvuleni inkomo efile

Izinguquko zesifo

I-Babesia inomthelela omkhulu - ngokuhlasela okulindelekile isikhathi eside, i-parasite ibangele izinguquko ezilandelayo ze-pathological-anatomical ezithombeni nasezikhunjweni ezinkomo:

  • ukuvuvukala nokuphuza kwezicubu ezingaphansi, kanye nezinambuzane ze-serous zezitho zangasese;
  • ukubomvu nokugcoba kwama-lymph nodes;
  • ukwanda ngobukhulu besipelingi ngama-1.5-2 izikhathi, ngenkathi izingxenyana zalo ziba mnyama, i-capsule iyancipha, uma isinqunyiwe, i-pulp ine-tint emnyama ebomvu;
  • ukwanda ngobukhulu besibindi, ngenkathi ubuso bayo buba khona;
  • ukwanda ngobukhulu be-gallbladder, okuqukethwe kwalo kutholakala isakhiwo esihlaza okwesibhakabhaka nesakhiwo esibucayi;
  • ukuvuvukala kwezinso, ngaphansi kwe-capsule kukhona ukubola kwesimiso esicacile, i-parenchyma ithola isakhiwo esinama-flabby;
  • ukuphuma egazini ngaphakathi kwesikhumba;
  • ukuphazamiseka kwesisu senhliziyo;
  • i-hypertrophy yenhliziyo;
  • ukubola kwesimiso kwi-pericardium kanye ne-endocardium;
  • ukuvuvukala kwamaphaphu;
  • ukunqwabelana kwemikhumbi ye-cerebral ngegazi;
  • ukuphuma kwegazi esifubeni nesifuba;
  • ukukhishwa kwamangqamuzana amakhulu emathunjini kanye nokuhlukumezeka, okuvame ukutholakala ngokufiphaza igazi.

Indlela yokuphatha ngayo

Into esemqoka ekuboneni izibesi emzimbeni wezilwane akufanele ukubambezeleka: i-parasite ithinta kakhulu umzimba wezilwane, futhi iholela ekuguquleni okungalungile kwezimo nezinhlelo ezihlobene. Kulesi simo, abantu abathintekayo abagcini nje ukubuyisela umkhiqizo wabo ngobunzima, kodwa bavame ukufa.

Ngakho-ke, ngezibonakaliso zokuqala zokugula, isilwane kufanele sinikezwe induduzo edingekayo, ukuthula, ukudla okunempilo kanye nokwamukelwa kwezidakamizwa ezihlukahlukene zemithi ephezulu ye-antiparasitic.

Ukuphumula okuphelele

Into yokuqala ukuqala ukuphatha abantu abagulayo ukuhlinzeka ngokuzihlukanisa nokuphumula kwezinye izilwane. Umsebenzi oweqile kanye nokuhamba kwesikhathi eside kuphazamisa isimo jikelele sezilwane ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa ngokushesha kwezilwane.

Lokhu kuholela ekuvimbeleni okukhulu kwemithi yokuzivikela, ngenxa yalokho umsebenzi wokulimala okungavamile ukwanda kakhulu. Yingakho izilwane ezithintekayo kufanele zinikezwe ukwelashwa okukodwa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, abantu abagulayo bayabanjwa futhi bathuthele ekamelweni elihlukile elikhanyayo nelincane, elinamazinga okushisa angekho ngaphansi kuka-15 ° C kanye nomswakama wesihlobo ongaphezu kuka-85%, kude nezihlobo noma ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane. Kubalulekile futhi ukunciphisa ukunyakaza kwemfuyo ezigulayo: ukwenza lokhu, ukunciphisa isikhathi sokudla kwezilwane (kuze kube amahora amaningana) kanye nebanga ukusuka endaweni yokuhlala ubusuku bonke.

Amalungiselelo ayadingeka

Izinyathelo ezijwayelekile zokwelashwa kwemfuyo ezigulayo zifaka ukungeniswa emzimbeni wezidakamizwa ezinhlobonhlobo ezimbili: okuyisisekelo nesekondari. Izidakamizwa eziyinhloko ziqukethe amakhemikhali akhiqiza kakhulu okuvimbela umsebenzi obalulekile nokukhiqiza ama-parasite.

Cabanga zonke izici zezifo eziyinhloko zezinkomo: amatshe obisi, i-ketosis, ukuvuvukala kwesibindi, i-leukemia, i-pasteurellosis, izifo zesisu nokugula.

Usizo, futhi, luthuthukisa ukusebenzisana kwezingxenye eziyinhloko zokwelashwa okuyinhloko ngomzimba, futhi kubambe iqhaza ekubuyiselweni kwezitho nezicubu ezithintekayo. Izakhi zokwelapha eziyinhloko ekwelapheni i-babesiosis yizi:

  • "Azidin-Vet" - i-agent engenayo ye-injection or subcutaneous administration. Faka izidakamizwa ngesimo se-7% isixazululo esinamafutha ngokubala kwe-3.5 mg / kg yesisindo somzimba. Faka isicelo "i-Azidine" kanye, kodwa uma impilo yomuntu ogulayo ingaphuthuki, phinda umjovo emva kwamahora angu-24-30;
  • "Akaprin" - kusho ukuthi isetshenziselwa ukujova okungaphansi kwesisu noma kwe-intramuscular. Faka izidakamizwa ngendlela yesisombululo se-1% se-aqueous, ngesibalo se-1 mg / kg yesisindo somzimba. Faka isicelo "i-Akaprin" kanye, kodwa uma impilo yesilwane ingakathuthuki, ngemuva kwamahora angu-24-48, ukufakwa kwesidakamizwa kuphindaphindiwe;
  • I-Hemosporidin - i-ejenti ilawulwa nge-intramuscularly noma ngaphansi kwesisu ngendlela yesisombululo se-1-2% se-aqueous calculation of 0.5 mg / kg isisindo. Isidakamizwa senziwa izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ngekhefu lamahora angu-24;
  • Imidocarb - Ukulungiselela ukuphathwa okungaphansi kwesigcawu Yisebenzise njengesisombululo se-1-7% se-aqueous calculation of 2-2.2 mg / kg isisindo. Faka isicelo khambi, kodwa uma isimo sesiguli singakathuthuki, ngemuva kwamahora angu-24-48, ukufakwa kwesidakamizwa kuphindwa;
  • "Tripoflavin" - kusho ukulawulwa kwe-intravenous, ukuyisebenzisa ngesimo se-1% se-aqueous nge-calculation ye-3-4 mg / kg yesisindo. Faka isicelo esisodwa, kodwa uma kungekho ukuthuthukiswa, emva kwamahora angu-24-48, ukufakwa kwesidakamizwa kuphindwe.
Njengemithi eyengeziwe yokwelashwa kwemfuyo:

  • "Albargin" - I-agent enamandla yokulwa nesisulu se-exposure eyinkimbinkimbi. Isidakamizwa senziwa kanye nge-injection yangaphakathi-1.5% ngesilinganiso se-7.5 mg / kg isisindo;
  • i-vitamin b12 - esetshenziselwa ukugqugquzela ukwakheka kwegazi. Faka isicelo somjovo (nge-intramuscularly, ngaphansi kwesigqila, ngaphakathi) ngokubala kwe-1-2 mg ngesilwane ngasinye ngosuku. Isetshenziselwa izinsuku eziningana, ukuthuthukisa isimo segazi nezakhi zalo zesakhiwo;
  • Usawoti kaGlauber - kunomthelela ekwenzeni ngcono isimo somzimba nge-atony ye-foreglobe Sebenzisa lesi sidakamizwa ngendlela yesisombululo se-1% sokugeza izibazi nge-probe yesisu;
  • i-caffeine - esetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa umsebenzi wesimiso senhliziyo. Ukusetshenziswa kusho ukufakelwa kwe-hypodermic ngezinga lika-5-10 ml ngesampula esingu-1 ngosuku. Faka isixazululo kanye, kepha uma kunesidingo, phinda inqubo;
  • i-chloride ye-sodium - esetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwe-atony ephikisanayo yezibikezelo. Isidakamizwa sinikezwa nge-intravenously, ngesimo se-10% izixazululo ezinamanzi ezingeni lika 200-300 ml ngesampula esisodwa ngosuku. Isikhathi sokwelapha sincike ebuchosheni bokugula, kodwa kaningi asidluli izinsuku eziningana.

Ukudla okulungile

Ukuhambisana nokudla okuhlukahlukene nokuphilile ekunakekeleni i-babesiosis ingenye yezimo eziyinhloko zokwelashwa okuphumelelayo nokuphephile. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, isidumbu sesilwane esigulayo sidinga zonke izinhlobo zamavithamini, amaminerali kanye nezinye izakhi ezifaka ekusebenzeni kokuzivikela.

Seluleka ukuba ucabangele konke ngokudla izinkomo ezomile.

Ngalokhu, imfuyo yokudla kufanele ilandiswe ngokunye okuqoshiwe:

  • insimu utshani utshani;
  • imifino emifino emisha;
  • utshani obuluhlaza.

Ukuze uthuthukise isimo sokuzivikela kuzosiza futhi ubisi olusha olusha noma uguquke, sebenzisa lokhu okungeziwe ngokuphindwe kathathu ngosuku, 1.5-2 amalitha ngomuntu oyedwa. Ubisi olusha olusha lobunikazi bezinkomo

Ukuvimbela

Izindlela zokuvimbela ukuvimbela i-babesiosis zihlanganisa:

  • ukutshala ekudleni, ehlolwe kanye namadlelo aphethwe ngamakiti;
  • ukuzinza kwezinkomo;
  • ukunakekela njalo ukubukeka nokuhlanzeka kwezilwane;
  • zonke izinsuku ezingu-10 ukwelashwa kwemfuyo yangaphandle yemfuyo enamalungiselelo e-acaricidal ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa kwamathikithi ("Permethrin", "Butoks", "Benzophosphate", njll);
  • ezindaweni ezingathandeki, i-Azidin-vet (3.5 mg / kg isisindo somzimba) noma i-Hemosporidin (0.5 mg / kg yesisindo somzimba) iphathwe kanye nezilwane ngesikhathi sokuqala kwesisindo somzimba
Ukunakekela ukubonakala kwenkomo, njengendlela yokuvimbela i-babesiosis I-Babesiosis ingenye yezilwane ezinzima kakhulu, ezenzeka ezinkomeni zombili ezizimele kanye nezimboni ezizimele. Njalo ngonyaka, lesi sifo sisakazeka emasimini amakhulu, ngakho-ke, izilwane ezigulayo zitholakala yonke indawo, cishe zonke izindawo zezulu.

Sincoma ukuthola ukuthi isilwane sinesisindo esingakanani nokuthi kuncike kunani.

Namuhla, kunezidakamizwa eziningi ezihlukene zokwelapha izifo, kodwa okuphumelela kakhulu kuyinkimbinkimbi yezindlela ezihlose ukuvimbela ngesikhathi esifanele lesi sifo.

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