ICalistegia isitshalo esikhuphuka kamnandi somndeni kaConvolvulus. Kuyaziwa nangamagama wegeja, i-bindweed, i-birch, i-French rose. Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo lesi sitshalo yi-East Asia (Japan, North China). Kwesinye isikhathi abanikazi beziza baphethe iCalistegia njengokhula, okunzima ukuyiqeda, kepha ingaguqulwa ibe umfelandawonye omuhle ngokuvikela i-rhizome. I-liana ekhula ngokushesha ibopha kalula imigwaqo emincane, amakholoni, izindonga noma uthango, nezimbali ezintekenteke ziyaqhakaza ngaphezu kokuhlaza okukhanyayo.
ICalistegia ingumsizi othembekile ekwakhiweni komhlaba nasekuhlobisweni kwezakhiwo ezingezinhle. Lesi sitshalo sizothandwa abalimi kalula ukunakekelwa nokuhlobisa.
Incazelo yeBotanical
ICalistegia iyi-herbaceous perennial enohlelo lwezimpande oluthuthukisiwe. Izimpande ezimhlophe ezimhlophe ziyakwazi ukuthatha indawo enkulu. Entwasahlobo, amahlumela amasha avela ebangeni le-1.5 m ukusuka kwikhethini elikhulu. Imivini ebushelelezi futhi eguquguqukayo ikhula ngo-2 m ubude. Zimbozwe ngesikhumba esinsundu ngokubomvu.
Amapheshana angunxantathu noma anomumo wenhliziyo anama-petioles amade atholakala eduze nalo lonke ihlumela. Zinezinhlangothi ezibunjiweyo, unqenqema olukhomba kanye nephethini yokusiza yemithambo ebusweni. Umbala wepuleti leqabunga ulawulwa ngumbala oluhlaza okhanyayo.
Ehlobo, izimbali ziyaqhakaza kubo bonke ubude bomvini. Ama-single axillary buds adwetshwe amhlophe noma apinki. Kunezinhlobonhlobo ezinezimbali ezilula (ezimise bell) noma ezinezimbali ezingama-terry. Ububanzi bentyatyambo bungamasentimitha ama-2-9. Amacembe amancane abuthambile azungeza umongo ngendlela yekholamu. Ngemuva kokuvunda nge-calistegia, izithelo ziyavuthwa - amabhokisi amancane anambewu.
Ekwindla, amahlumela awomile ngokuphelele. Kusale kuphela i-rhizome ephila, okuthi entwasahlobo izoqala izinqubo ezintsha.
Ukubukwa okudumile
Sekukonke, zingama-25 izinhlobo ze-calistegia ezibhalisiwe kuhlobo, kepha zimbalwa kuphela zazo ezitshalwa futhi zikhuliswe ngenhloso Izinhlobo ezisele zibhekwa njengokhula.
ICalistegia i-fluffy. Isitshalo sivamile eChina futhi sinamahlumela amade kakhulu (afinyelela kumamitha ama-4). Iziqu zimbozwe ngamaqabunga aluhlaza aqhakazile aluhlaza anendawo enesikhumba. Kunezinhlobonhlobo ezinezimbali ezilula nezimbili ezinobubanzi obungamasentimitha angama-4,9. Amacembe apendwe apinki ngesisekelo esimnyama. Izinhlobonhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu ukudingiswa kwe-calistegia flora. Izimbali zakhe ezinkulu ze-terry zivame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-rose yaseFrance ngenxa yokufana kwazo nobuhle obuhle. Ama-buds athambile nephunga elicashile alimboza ubuso bonke bomvini.
UCalistegia uthango. Lokhu kuhlukahluka kuvame kakhulu ezifundeni eziningi futhi kubhekwa njengesitshalo sokhula. Amahlumela amade futhi athambile kakhulu awavunyelwe ukumbozwa ngamaqabunga e-petiolate ajwayelekile nezimbali ezilula ezenziwe bell. Amacembe apinki amhlophe noma akhanyayo akhula ndawonye e-funni elilodwa elinobubanzi be-1-4 cm.
I-calistegia multiplex. Izinhlobo zezitshalo ezingamelana nesithwathwa zitholakala ubude obungamamitha ayi-3-3,5. Amaqabunga aluhlaza ongunxantathu omnyama nezimbali ezi-terry pink zitholakala zisondelene kuwo. Imbali ngayinye ingafinyelela ubukhulu be-10 cm.
ICalistegia iyisicaba noma isiJapane. Izimbali zakha imivimbo engu-1.5-2,5 m ubude obude obuyi-1.5 cm. Kuzo kukhona amaqabunga amancane avamile nezimbali ezikhanyayo eziphinki eziphindwe kabili ububanzi obungu-9 cm. Izimbali zenzeka ngoJulayi-Septhemba.
ICalistegia inezinwele. ILiana ijwayelekile eningizimu yeMpumalanga Ekude. Ine-Rhizome ende, enjengentambo futhi igqamile, ihluma ibanga elingama-80 cm. Isitshalo sisuka buthaka. Amaqabunga ama-pelongole, anamaqabunga aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma ophuzi. Izimbali eziqhubekayo ezintanjeni ezifushane ezingamasentimitha ayi-4,5. I-corolla inezinhlobo ezinhlanu ezipinki ezifakwe ezisekelweni ngemiphetho ekhonjisiwe. Iqhakaza engxenyeni yesibili yehlobo.
Ukuzala kabusha
Ukusakazeka kwe-calistegia kwenziwa ngo-vegetatively, ngendlela yokuhlukanisa i-rhizome. Izimpande zinamakhono aphezulu okuvuselela amandla. Okusho ukuthi, noma ingxenye encane iyakwazi ukukhipha amahlumela amasha. Ekupheleni ekwindla, abalimi benga ingxenye yeCalistegia nomhlaba bese beyigcina emabhokisini endaweni epholile ubusika bonke. Ngenkathi ebandayo, inhlabathi kufanele ihlale inomswakama omncane.
Entwasahlobo, i-rhizome idedelwa ngokuphelele enhlabathini futhi inqunywe izingcezu ezincane. Cm cm kwanele ukwakha isitshalo esisha. Izindawo zokusika zifakwa kumlotha noma amalahle achotshoziwe bese zitshalelwa emhlabathini kuze kube ngu-3-5 cm. Ukutshala kwenziwa ngoMashi ngamabhodwe amancane ezinhlamvu noma emabhokisini abanzi. Inhlabathi ngemuva kokutshala kufanele inyanyiswe ngokulingana. Lapho amahlumela efika kubude obungama-5 cm, ayabekwa ukuze akhule kancane futhi andise ukushuba kwesihlahla.
Maphakathi noMeyi, izitshalo sezikulungele ukufakelwa zingene emhlabathini ovulekile. Ukuze i-calistegia ikhule ngokulingana futhi ingathumeki insimu eyeqile, izimpande kufanele zikhawulelwe ngesikhathi sokutshala. Kuyinto elula ukusebenzisa i-mesh tape 50 cm ububanzi, amashidi wesilayidi noma ipulasitiki, okufanele ivikele indawo efikayo. Ukutshala i-bindweed ebhakedeni akukufanele. Uma i-rhizome igcwele, isitshalo singafa.
Imithetho Yokunakekela
Ukunakekela i-calistegia akudingi mzamo omkhulu. Uma indawo yakhe ikhethwe kahle, ubuhle obuguqukayo buyokhula ngokushesha futhi buqhakambe ngokusebenzayo.
Isibani IBindweed ithanda izindawo ezinelitha kahle. Ezindaweni ezinomthunzi, ukukhula kwemivimbo kuyancipha, futhi ukuqhakaza kube maningi kakhulu. Futhi, endaweni enomthunzi, izimbali zivele ngemuva kwamasonto ayi-1-3.
Inhlabathi. I-Liana ithanda inhlabathi evundile, evundile ngokulinganayo. Ingakhula emafutheni omile, athambisayo, nenhlabathi. Endaweni eyodwa, lesi sitshalo sivame ukuhlala iminyaka engama-1-2. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukumiswa kwenhlabathi okuyingxenye kungadingeka.
Ukunisela. ICalistegia ngokuvamile ibekezelela isomiso ngezikhathi ezithile. Amanzi aqinile ayingozi kuwo, ukusondela kwamanzi aphansi komhlaba nakho kungathandeki. Isilo esinamandla sigcina amanzi athile, ngakho-ke udinga ukunisela isitshalo kuphela ngokungabikho kwemvula isikhathi eside. Isikhathi esisele sinelisekile ngemvula yemvelo.
Umanyolo. Njengoba umvini ukhula ngokushesha, udinga izakhi zomzimba. Entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuba kusebenze ukukhula, bumba inhlabathi bese wenza inani elanele lenkomo neqabunga i-humus. NgoMeyi-Septhemba, kabili ngenyanga, i-calistegia idliswa ngobuningi bemaminerali. Nge-1 m² yenhlabathi, udinga uhhafu wezipuni zomanyolo. Ekwindla, inhlabathi ihlanganiswa ngomlotha ngokwengeziwe.
Ubusika. Ngaphezu kwe-kalffegia ye-fluffy, zonke izinhlobo zezitshalo ebusika kalula ngaphandle kwendawo yokukhosela. Uma ubusika kulindeleke ukuba ube nokhahlo futhi ungabi neqhwa, udinga ukumboza inhlabathi ngama-sphagnum moss, ama-peat noma amaqabunga awileyo.
Izihlahla. Ngesikhathi sonke sokuqhakaza izimbali, kuzodingeka kwenziwe ukuthenwa ngezikhathi ezithile. Imbali ngayinye ihlala isikhathi esingangesonto, emva kwalokho kuyalulekwa ukususa ama-buds omisiwe. Ekwindla, uzodinga ukusika wonke amahlumela owomile ukuze entwasahlobo angonakalisi ukubukeka kwendawo.
Izifo nezinambuzane. Ngokuphuza ngokweqile nomoya omanzi, iCalistegia inenkinga yokubola kwezimpande kanye ne-powdery hlobo. Ukulungisa lesi simo kuzosiza ekuguquleni imibandela yokuboshwa kanye nokwelashwa nge-fungicide ("Fitosporin"). Emathangeni aminyene, ama-slugs kanye neminenketha adla amaqabunga anejusi ngisho nezimbali zingahlala. Ukwelashwa ngesibulala-zinambuzane (Karbofos, Thunder sefe) kuzosindisa izinambuzane.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-calistegia
ICalistegia ilungele ingadi emile mpo. Uma kunama-arbor, imishayo, izakhiwo zamapulazi engadini, lesi sitshalo sizofihla ngokushesha izizinda zazo ngaphansi kokhaphethi oqinile oluhlaza okotshani. Isixhumanisi se-chain-elula silula sizoba isisekelo esihle sethango elizayo.
Ukuqothuka kwamahlumela amaningana kufana nendlwana embozwe ngesigqoko sezimbali ezintekenteke. Akufanelekile kuphela ekuhlobiseni kwansuku zonke, kodwa futhi nomcimbi onesithunzi. Kwanele ukutshala i-rhizome endaweni efanele ezinyangeni ezimbalwa futhi amathikithi aminyene athatha isimo esidingekayo.
Ukutshala i-calistegia engadini engaphambili noma embhedeni wezimbali, lapho kukhula khona ezinye izitshalo, akunasidingo. Kumakhelwane uziphatha ngolaka. Kungcono ukugqamisa i-liana ekhoneni eduze kwesihlahla enomqhele noma umqhele ovulekile endaweni evulekile.
Ungaphonsa i-calistegia emabhokisini bese ufaka kuvulandi noma kuvulandi. Uzohlobisa izinsika nefasitela. Ebusuku noma esimweni sezulu esibi, izimbali ziyavala, kuthi lapho ilanga likhanya, ziyavula futhi. Ngenxa yalesi sici, i-calistegia ayilungele ukwenziwa kwama-bouquets.
