Iningi labalimi abanogwaja benza izilwane ezifuywayo ezifuywayo zabo. Futhi akumangalisi, ngoba imiklamo enjalo ishibhile, inokwethenjelwa futhi elula. Ngokuba ukukhiqizwa kwabo kuzodinga izinto ezingabizi eziseduze, isikhathi esincane kanye nomzamo omncane. I-popular breeders abanolwazi ngamaseli aklanywa nguNikolai Ivanovich Zolotukhin. Yiziphi izinzuzo zezakhiwo kanye nokukhiqizwa kwazo, ake sicabangele.
Izici zokuklama
U-Nikolay Zolotukhin ungumbelethi onogwaja wasekhaya owaziwayo oye wafunda ngokucophelela impilo nokuziphatha kwabagogwa ekhaya. Kungenxa yeminyaka eminingi yokuhlangenwe nakho ukuthi wakwazi ukuthuthukisa nokukhiqiza izindlu zezilwane, lapho izimo zisondelene khona nemvelo.
Thola ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zamangqamuzana onogwaja futhi okungcono ukukhetha.
Emakhaya anjalo, izilwane zizwa zikhululekile, zikhululekile, zidla kahle futhi zizala kahle. Umklamo weselula ocatshangelwe kahle awuvumeli nje ukubuyisela kabusha i-microclimate yemvelo kuwo, kodwa futhi ukwenza ukunakekelwa okuhleliwe kunogwaja nokuhlanza ngaphakathi ekamelweni njengento elula futhi elula ngangokunokwenzeka. 
Amaseli adalwe ngokusho kwemidwebo kaZolotukhin inezinto eziningana ezibalulekile ezihlukanisa nezinye izakhiwo ezifanayo:
- Inombolo enkulu yamathathu. I-cage iyisakhiwo esinamandla esinezintathu ezintathu, lapho izilwane eziyizilwane ezingu-6 zingaphila ngesikhathi esisodwa. Okuyingqayizivele ukuthi ingxenye ngayinye engenhla ishukumisela kancane emuva emuva ngo-15-20 cm. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze imikhiqizo yomsebenzi obalulekile wabanogwaja ingawi phansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindonga ezingemuva kumathanga wesibili nowesithathu zinomthambeko omncane, okuvumela izilwane ukuba zingagcini, kodwa zivele zivele phansi.
- Ukuntuleka kwendlovukazi yenkosikazi. Ukuze usebenzise i-cell more rationally, utshwala bomama wendabuko alufakiwe. Ehlobo sasehlobo, ikamelo lihlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili ibha encane, futhi endaweni ebumnyama bahlela isidleke se-uterine, bayifake ne-hay. Ngesikhathi se-sukololnosti owesifazane uzozihlomisa ngokuzimela isidleke sehla, i-hay ne-sawdust. Ukuhlukanisa kusuka kubha isuswe lapho ama-cubs ephenduka inyanga eyodwa ubudala.
- Ukungabi khona kwe-pallet kanye nesimo semifino kungenye yezici ezivelele zokuklama. Ngokombono wombelethi onogwaja onolwazi, izilwane zivame ukulimaza izinyawo ezinamathele ezintanjeni zensimbi, ngakho-ke ubheka izinkuni noma isicwecwe phansi, efakwe ekugxileni ukuze imfucumfucu iphele, njengendlela engcono kunazo zonke ezingezansi. Kulesi simo, i-lattice yensimbi kufanele ibe khona eduze nodonga, olulandelayo.
- I-tank ehambayo yokudla. I-feeder yokudla eyomile ifakwe emnyango ukuze ingxenye yayo ingaphakathi kwendawo, kanti enye ingaphandle. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukuthululela ngokukhululekile ukudla ngaphandle kokuvula umnyango. I-feeder enjalo ifakwe kuhlaka lokungena ngezipikili ezimbili.
Uyazi? Izinambuzane cishe njalo, ngamaphesenti angama-95%, zivuthwe emdongeni ongemuva, futhi kuma-70% amacala ayenayo imfucuza lapho. Ngakho-ke, uma ubeka i-grate yensimbi yokudoba kule ndawo ethile, iphansi noma i-slate flooring izohlala isomile.
Indlela yokwenza amaseli Zolotukhin azenzele wena
Akunzima ukwenza amakheji kaZolotukhin kubanogwaja, into eyinhloko ukwenza imidwebo yesiklamo esizayo ngokucabangela ubukhulu bezilwane ezifuywayo, kanye nokulungisa zonke izinto ezidingekayo namathuluzi.
Imidwebo namasayizi
Kunconywa ukwenza indawo yokuhlala lapho onogwaja obukhulu obukhulu nobukhulu bazophila ngokuvumelana nemigomo elandelayo:
- I-WxHxD (ububanzi-ubude-ukujula): 2x1.5x80 cm;
- ububanzi begridi: 15-20 cm;
- iminyango yokungena: 40x40 cm;
- umthamo ophansi: 5-7 cm.
1 - umnyango wokuhlola egumbini elingaphandle; 2 - ukuma kwesigxobo; 3 - iminyango yomnyango; 4 - isitsha sokuphuza; 6 - umphakeli ohoxisiwe; I-nursery engu-7; Umgodi ongamatshumi ayisishiyagalolunye (8) emgodini ophethe isiphuzo Ukulinganisa ibhokisi lokuphuza umama wobusika kungokulandelayo:
- Ukuphakama kwendlu yangaphambili / yangemuva: 16/26 cm, ngokulandelana;
- ukuphakama kokungena nobubanzi: 15x10 cm;
- indawo yomthamo: 40x40.
Siyancoma ukuthi sifunde ukuthi singondla kanjani onogwaja, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukubanika izidakamizwa kanye nomhlonyane, kanye nokuthi yiziphi izithombo eziwusizo eziwusizo futhi eziyingozi emzimbeni onogwaja.
Izinto zokwakha kanye namathuluzi omsebenzi
Inqubo yokukhiqiza amaseli kuzodinga izinto ezilandelayo:
- amabhodi amapulangwe ane-1.5-2 cm, okwakudingeka ukwakhiwa kwefreyimu yeseli, izingxenye;
- imigoqo nemisipha yezinkuni;
- umshini wensimbi ngamaseli amancane adingekayo ukufakwa eduze nodonga olungemuva;
- slate noma amabhodi okubunjwa phansi kanye nophahla;
- amashidi amancane esensimbi okubhekene nezibheke zokhuni;
- i-polycarbonate sheet for udonga olungemuva.
Kusukela amathuluzi okudingayo ukulungiselela:
- izinsimbi: izikhonkwane, izipikili;
- ifayela le-nail kanye ne-drill;
- isando;
- Amathuluzi wokulinganisa: roulette, izinga.
Uyazi? Izinambuzane zinokuhlakanipha okuhle nokuhlakanipha. Bayakwazi ukuphonsela emuva isibopho lapho belambile, noma behomba ekulaleni kwabanikazi bomsindo oqinile, ukuziphatha okungenakuzithoba. Babuye baphendule kahle egameni labo futhi, lapho bebona umnikazi, bavuka ngenjabulo emilenzeni yabo yangemuva.
Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo Iziyalezo
Lapho yonke imidwebo, izinto nezinto ezidingekayo zilungiswa, ungaqhubeka ngqo ekwakhiweni kweseli. Ukukhiqizwa kwalo kunezigaba eziningana.
Uhlaka
Ukwakhiwa kwe-cage kuqala nokwakhiwa kohlaka. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ugxile kwimidwebo, wenze isisekelo sohlaka lwamapulangwe namapulangwe, axhunyiwe kanye nezikrini. 
I-algorithm yokwakha injena kanje:
- Kulezi zinsika ezine zamitha ezimbili zenza uhlaka lwesisekelo bese zihlanganisa ndawonye izingxenyana ezihamba phambili. Kubalulekile ukwakha isakhiwo ngobubanzi obuyi-2 m nobubanzi buka-0.8 m. Kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuthi ibanga elincane phakathi kwegumbi lokuqala nephansi kufanele libe ngu-0.5 m. Umzila ngamunye olandelayo kufanele utholakale kude no-0.5m kusukela owedlule. Ngenxa yalokho, kufanele kube nesakhiwo esinezinhlangothi ezintathu ezisekelweni.
- Okulandelayo, kufanele umboze umthamo ngamunye nge-slate noma ama-plywood amashidi. Lapha udinga ukugxila ekutheni ukuqoqa kufanele kubuyele emuva ku-15-20 cm ukusuka odongeni elingemuva, ngoba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kuyoba nemfucuza.
- Uma ufaka ukufakelwa, kunconywa ukuba ucabange umthambeko we-5-7 cm, okwenziwa ngokukhuphuka phambi kwendawo yokugada, u-5 cm high
- I-tier ngayinye kufanele ihlukaniswe ngama-slats amabili, ne-interval of 25-30 cm.
- Ngaphansi komthamo wekhasi le-polycarbonate, elinamandla amakhulu, ukumelana nomswakama futhi ngeke linciphise ngaphansi kwethonya lemifino yezilwane, kufanele lifakwe odongeni lwangemuva.
- Ngaphambi kwesakhiwo, kufanele ufake iminyango bese uwafaka ngama-hinges. Umnyango kufanele wenziwe ngezinto eziqinile ezingapheli ukukhanya ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izilwane zibumnyama. Amasango kufanele abe nama-valve.
- Isinyathelo sokugcina ukubunjwa kwezindonga kanye nokuqiniswa kwazo zonke izingxenye zesakhiwo ngezindatshana zensimbi ukuze izilwane zingakwazi ukuzinqamula.
Ngemuva kokwakhiwa kwefreyimu kuya ekwakheni uphahla.
Funda mayelana nokwenza i-sennik ne-bunker feeder yabanogwaja.
Indlu
Ukwenza uphahla usebenzisa ama-slate sheet. Zihlanganiswe kuhlaka kanye nezipikili ezikhethekile ze-slate.
Kubalulekile! Uphahleni kufanele lwenziwe ngomthamo wamasentimitha ambalwa. Futhi, kufanele kube ngu-5-6 cm ukuqhuma ezinhlangothini ukuze phakathi nemvula amanzi angangeni ngaphakathi egumbini futhi agijime ngokukhululekile phezu kwesiqeshana. Lokhu kuzovikela isakhiwo ekuboleni nokugqoka okusheshayo.
Umama utshwala
Ukuze kusetshenziswe amaseli kaZolotukhin, kuphakanyiswa izinhlobo ezimbili zokuphuza utshwala: ihlobo nobusika. Ikhetho lokuqala lilula ukwenza. Ngenxa yalokhu, igumbi lihlukaniswe ngosizo lwesigxobo, 18-20 cm high, zibe izingxenye ezimbili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubukhulu benkinga yemibandela kufanele kube yinto yokuthi insikazi ingayinqoba ngokukhululekile, kodwa abantwana akufanele. 
Amanzi omama wehlobo lokushisa aphethwe, ngakho-ke indlela yokufaka ngayo ihlukile kakhulu:
- Okokuqala, kufanele wenze ibhokisi lama-slats noma ama-plywood amashidi, ngokusho kwemidwebo.
- Njengoba kunikezwe ubukhulu besifazane, udinga ukudala imingcele yokungena bese ufaka umnyango.
- Kunconywa ukuthi phansi indlovukazi ihlanganiswe ngotshani noma utshani endaweni enobuningi obukhulu ukuze onogwaja angabhubhisi.
Kubalulekile! Njengoba onogwaja baziphatha kabi futhi bangawa lapho umnyango uvuleka, kunconywa ukuhlomisa ubuhlalu ngokuphakama kwama-10-12 cm kuleso siphuzo.
I-Manger
Emangqamuzana eZolotukhin, ukufakwa kwabanikazi bokudla okuhloswe ngenhloso yokudla okunomsoco kanye ne-hay kunikeziwe. I-tank ikhona emnyango wesakhiwo, futhi i-1/3 yalesi sigaba kumele ibe ngaphandle ukugcwalisa ukudla. 
Kubalulekile! Emaphethelweni omgudu wensimbi kufanele ahlungwe ngokucophelela ukuze izilwane zingenalo ithuba lokulimala.
Ukwakhiwa kwe-feeder siqukethe izinyathelo ezilandelayo:
- Ngosizo lwamapulangwe amathathu enziwe ngamapulangwe, ububanzi obuyi-2 cm no-40 cm ububanzi, kubalulekile ukwakha phansi, ohlangothini oluphambili nodonga olungemuva, oluthambekele eceleni.
- Ingaphakathi langaphakathi le-feeder kufanele lihlanganiswe neshidi lensimbi ukuze onogwaja bangayitholi.
- Ezingxenyeni zombili udinga ukunamathisela imigoqo yamapulangwe, eyenziwe ngesimo se-trapezoid, futhi unamathisele nge-screws.
- Isinyathelo sokugcina ukufakwa kommbila ngokwawo. Izimbobo ezimbili kufanele zenziwe emnyango kanti itangi lezipikili kufanele liboshwe. I-mesh ifakwa phakathi ukuze igebe lika-2 cm lenziwe phakathi kwe-underside yalo phansi kwe-feeder, okuyinto okuzophasiswa ngayo.
Umdwebo wokudweba
Iphutha lokukhiqiza njalo
Ekukhiqizeni amaseli ngokwemidwebo iZolotukhin ingase ibone ubunzima namaphutha:
- ukudweba okungalungile kanye nokulinganisa. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise ama-standard ajwayelekile, amanani asebevele ebalwa kanye nenani lezinto ezidingekayo;
- umnyango omncane kakhulu odongeni langaphambili. Lokhu kuzokwenza kunzima ukunakekelwa i-cage nezilwane, ngoba ngeke kube nzima ukuyikhipha;
- ukungabi nemilenze. I-cage kumele ibe khona ukuphakama okuthile phansi ukuze aba- onogwaja bangabandezwa, futhi ukuphila kwabo kungasuswa kalula;
- usayizi omncane. I-cage kufanele ivuleke kakhulu ukuze onogwaja bakwazi ukuhamba ngokukhululekile kuyo. Ukuqina kuyathinta impilo yezilwane, kanye nomsebenzi wabo wokuzala;
- ukungabi namathafa ephahleni. I-slope encane ephansi ephakathi kwama-tiers izovumela ukuthi izidakamizwa zigijime ekhoneni bese ziphuma ngaphandle kweseli ngendwangu yensimbi.
