Ukuqothulwa kwamajuba umuntu waqala lapho othile ephawula ikhono labo lokubuyela esihlahleni sabo. Abantu baqaphela umqondo wabo wobuhle, beletha izinhlobo ezintsha zamajuba - okusheshayo okusheshayo, ukuhleleka kwezinkanyezi, njll. I-serpast yenjiwa iyingxenye yezinhlobonhlobo zezinyoni zezinyoni - sizobheka izici zayo kulesi sihloko.
Umlando wemvelaphi
Umlando oqondile we-serpastus amajuba ayikaziwa. Uhlobo lwabalelwa e-Nikolaev ngasekupheleni kwe-XIX - ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-XX. Kuthiwa, ngoba kudalwa izinhlobo zase-Turkey zaseSurkey naseSiriya, kanye nezinyoni zendawo.
Funda kabanzi mayelana namajuba aseNikolaev.
I-stimulus yokuzalanisa kwakuyizindiza ezingavamile zalezi zinyoni. Amaphiko enjengejuba endizeni yenza isimo segale, ukuguqula amaphiko avele ngaphakathi, okwanikeza igama ezizalweni - izigulane, noma amajuba angenayo inversion. 
Ukubukeka
Ijuba elingaphakathi lensimbi:
- Ijuba elikhulu elinesisindo esingaba ngu-300 g nobude bomzimba cishe ngo-30-40 cm. Ezingxenyeni, imisipha ye-pectoral ithuthukiswe kahle. Ukuguquka komzimba emsila kuvumelana, kubushelelezi. Isimo se-convex ngesifuba. Ingemuva yejuba iqondile, ngandlela-thile. Amanxeba amancane, aqinile, awanqunywanga, anombala obomvu noma awuhlaza.
- Isembozo sezimpaphe sinyene, sinobukhulu, ngokuvamile sinezimbala ezimbili. Amaphiko alingana nobude nomsila. Ubude obuphakathi kwephiko lungaba ngu-30 cm. Izimpaphe ze-Fly zinde, zincanyana, ziqoqwe nge-bun. Umbala ungahluka. Imifula yomsila yizinpaphe ezimhlophe ezingu-12-16.
- Ikhanda liyingcosana, lihlangene futhi lihlangene nomlomo omncane olinganiselwe. I-Ceres ingaba yimuphi umthunzi, kusukela kumhlophe kuya kumnyama. Amehlo amancane enombala wegolide noma obomvu ngendwangu yamaparele. Amehlo abhekwa njengezinga lokuhlanzeka kohlobo - ukukhanya kunjalo, ukungcola okuncane okuvela kwezinye izinhlobo. Intamo isifushane, inemifino eluhlaza.
Uyazi? Iso - ubukhulu balo, ukuma nombala - yizikhombisi ezifanayo zejuba, njengokubhala komuntu noma ipasipoti.
Izici zezindiza
Kukholelwa ukuthi imimoya enamandla yasolwandle esifundeni saseNikolaev yaba negalelo ekwakhiweni kwemisipha nokuhlonipha uhlobo lwezinkambo zokuhamba - ukusabela emoyeni womoya. Ukwehla kwamaphiko kwakha isiyingi esiphelele ngaphezu kwekhanda lezinyoni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izimpaphe zangaphandle ziphika futhi zakha ukunyakaza okunjenge-wave. Ijuba lihamba ngendiza enezingqimba, okwenza kubonakale sengathi iqhuma kancane. Izinyoni zikhetha ukuhamba ngezinyawo, ezindizeni zingaba ngamahora angaba ngu-3 ngaphandle kwekhefu. 
Ukuphila nemikhuba
Uhlobo lukhethekile ukuhleleka kokuma komhlaba, ngoba yiziphi izinyoni ezingase zilahlekelwe indlela yazo eya endlini yamajuba. Ukuzama ukunciphisa lokhu kuntuleka ngokudlula nezinye izinhlobo kuholela ekushabalaleni kwephethini ekhethekile yendiza, ngakho-ke akukakenzeki ukulungisa lokhu kuntuleka.
I-Sicklefish, njengezinye izinhlobo, yakha iphazili kanye kuphela. Lapho udala izinyoni, abakhiqizi bezimbili bazama ukuhlanganisa izibonakaliso zohlobo futhi uma kungenzeka, ushintshe amaphutha.
Izinyoni zinekhono elinamandla, imisebenzi ephezulu kanye namandla. Abazithobeki ezimweni zokuboshwa, ukudla futhi bangakhula ngisho nabaqalayo. Abamele ubuhlanga kulula ukuqeqesha, ngenkathi bekhetha amakilasi ekuseni.
Uyazi? Njengamanje, cishe izinhlobo ezingu-800 zezinhlanzi ziyaziwa. Zonke zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amane amakhulu: indiza, ezemidlalo, inyama nokuhlobisa.
Uhlala kuphi
Uhlobo lwabalelwa endaweni yesifunda saseNikolaev, olulungiswa ngokuphila, hhayi kuphela e-Ukraine nasezindaweni eziseningizimu yeRussia, kodwa futhi lingahlala ezindaweni ezingaphezulu ezisenyakatho. Ungahlala ezindaweni ezivulekile zendawo ye-steppe nasezindaweni zasemadolobheni. 
Inombolo yamajuba ahlose ugqoke akuyona enkulu kakhulu. Abantu bahlupheka kakhulu phakathi neMpi Yezwe II. Njengamanje, abalimi nabo basebenza ngokubuyiselwa kwemfuyo.
Funda futhi ngezinhlobo zezindiza ezindizeni: ukuhamba ezindizayo (Sverdlovsk, isiHungary), ukulwa (Armavir, Baku, Takla, Uzbek, Agaran, Kasan).
Yini ongayidla
Badla ukudla kokudla kwemifino:
- imbewu;
- izithelo;
- amantongomane;
- utshani;
- amajikijolo
I-Golubovody ingena ekudleni kwezinkukhu zikakolweni okusanhlamvu, ibhali, ummbila. Izinyoni, njengezinye izilwane ezifuywayo, zingalindela ukudla okuthakazelisayo, ngakho-ke kungcono ukunikeza ukudla ngesikhathi esinqunyiwe ngenani elifanele ukuze ungadonseli izinyoni zasendle kanye namagundane ekudleni. Ekudleni kwezinkumbi ezifuywayo zengeza ama-mash amanzi, ama-herbs, amagatsha. Abanye abalimi bakondla ukudla okufuywayo.
Kubalulekile! Ijaji kufanele lihlale lihlala endlini yezinkukhu endaweni ehlukile. Kuyadingeka izinyoni ukuqaliswa kokugaya ukudla.
Ukuzala
Amajuba yizinyoni ezingenakuqhathaniswa ezakha iphazili kanye. Phakathi nomkhosi womshado, owesilisa uyakunakekela abesifazane, ama-coos ngokuzwakalayo, amaphuphu amahlumela, amadansa. 
Ukwakha isidleke endle, umbhangqwana uthola indawo engenakufinyeleleka - ngaphansi kophahla lwendlu, esiteji esingenalutho, njll. Ukuze owesifazane angaphazamisi i-dovecot, udinga ukwakha isidleke ngewindi elincane. Owesilisa ulethe izinto zokwakha ezihlahleni, amahlumela, utshani, futhi owesifazane uhlomisa.
Izinyoni ziyakwazi ukubhekana nomnyaka wonke, ngakho-ke lona wesifazane ubeka izintambo ezingaba ngu-7 unyaka wonke, futhi bobabili abazali bababamba ngezinsuku ezingu-16-19, befaka esikhundleni. Embuthini kukhona amaqanda amabili amhlophe.
Amatshitshi ahlotshiwe ayimpumputhe futhi ayinasici. Izinsuku zokuqala zondliwa "ubisi lwe-pigeon", okuyingxube yamakhamzimba aseprotein-based akhiqizwa ku-goiter. Njengoba izinkukhu zikhula, zitshala imbewu zengezwa ekudleni. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-35-37, ukukhula okusemncane kukulungele ukuhlala okuzimele futhi kungabuka. Uma umfuyi wezinkukhu uzoqeqesha isizukulwane esisha, lapho ezinsukwini ezingama-35 izinkukhu zisuswa endlini yabazali bazo endaweni entsha futhi ziqale ukuqeqesha.
Kubalulekile! Emazweni amaningi kunqatshelwe (kuze kube kuhle) ukupha amajuba ezinkathini eziphakathi ukuze kugweme ukulimala kwezikhumbuzo nezimpawu zomhlaba.
Kungenzeka yini ukugcina ekuthunjweni
Amajuba adinga ikamelo elihlukile. Endle, zihlala emaphandleni amancane, ama-rock crevices. 
Namuhla kunezinhlobo ezintathu zezindlu zamajuba:
- i-freemen;
- i-dovecote ngokudla;
- i-aviary.
I-Freemen yikamelo elivaliwe lapho amajuba angaphuma khona ngokusebenzisa ama-manholes amancane. Umthombo wokukhanya kuleli gumbi amafasitela amancane. Uma unamathisela i-cage evulekile kuma-freemen, lapho izilwane ezifuywayo zingahamba khona, kodwa awukwazi ukushiya, uzothola i-dovecot ngezizathu zokudla.
Kubalulekile ukuthi izilwane zasendle, izinyoni zasendle kanye namagundane azikwazanga ukungena ekamelweni. Kufanele ihlanzeke futhi yome ngaphakathi. Ngokungafani nezinyoni zasepulazini, amajuba akadingi ukukhanyisa okwengeziwe noma ukushisa. Babekezelela ukubandayo futhi bangaphinde bahlale e-aviary, uma kungenakuthola imvula neqhwa. Umnyango ekamelweni ugcwele umbuko, ukuze ungabhubhisi inyoni ehleli phansi.
Kubalulekile! Ukuphakama okuphelele kwe-dovecote kungu-15 cm ngaphezulu kunokuphakama komnikazi. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthunjwa kwezinyoni, uzobe ukhululekile ukuhlanza igumbi.
Imishini ye-dovecote iqukethe amabhokisi-izidleke ezinophahla oluphoqelekile kanye nomnyango omncane, ama-perches, ama-perches, ama-feeders kanye nezitsha zamanzi. I-Perch kufanele ibe bushelelezi, idwetshwe. Ububanzi bayo buyi-2.5-3.5 cm, isigaba siyindilinga noma i-mctangular: kufanele kube lula ukubamba nge-paw. Ububanzi be-prisad-perches buyi-30-40 cm. Ukudla kwamaminerali, okusanhlamvu kanye nemifino kufanele kuthululwe kubaphakeli abahlukene. 
Ukugcinwa kwezindlu kuqukethe:
- ukuhlanza udoti - kanye ngamaviki 1-2;
- ukugeza abaphuzi kanye neziphuzo masonto onke;
- i-dovecote i-disinfection okungenani isikhathi esingu-1 ngekota ngayinye.
Ukutholakala kwamalitha kuyokwenza kube lula ukuhlanza udoti. Uzodinga futhi izinto zokuhlanza nokupheka.
Ividiyo: amajuba ama-sickle-dovish
Ama-serpasti amajuba angokwalabo ukuzala amatsheukuhlanganisa izimfanelo eziphakeme ezindizayo nezemihlobiso, zihlukile ngenxa yendlela ethile yokuhamba. Lezi zinyoni azizithobeki kokuqukethwe, zibekezelela kalula noma yiziphi izimo zezulu futhi zingahamba noma yisiphi isimo sezulu.
