Iphakathi kwe "Veles", elinye igama elithi "Indodakazi Enhle", liyi-autumn ezihlukahlukene zamapheya, okubaluleke ngokukhethekile ngesivuno saso esivulekile, ukuphikiswa kwezifo ze-fungal nokuphikisana kwama-frost enviable. Kulesi sihloko, sizonikeza izici ze-pear ezinhlobonhlobo ze "Veles", sizocabangela izici zokutshala nokukhula kwamapheya, ukuqoqa nokugcina, kanye nezinzuzo nezinsalela zalezi zinhlobonhlobo.
Iphakathi kwe "Veles": incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo
I-pear tree sredneroslye. Umqhele wesikhala sakhe, futhi kamuva ububanzi-pyramidal, ububanzi obuphakathi. Amagatsha aminyene, amade futhi aphihliwe. Ukuhluma, ikakhulukazi kugxile kolchatkah. Amahlumela ayinkulu, asundu, asundu. Amaqabunga ayama-wavy, abushelelezi, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, afakwe kahle emaphethelweni, agcinwe nge-petioles ende. I-blooms yomuthi enezimbali ezimhlophe nezimnandi entwasahlobo. Izithelo zakhiwa lonke ihlobo, futhi zivuthwe ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti. 
Izithelo zepeyari ziphakathi, cishe 200 g, ophuzi oluhlaza okombala nomthunzi obomvu noma we-orange. I-Peduncle ijika, eside. Zine-symmetrical-rim, ngaphandle kwezimbambo, ukuma. Inyama iyamanzi, ithambile, i-creamy, i-oily-oily. Izithelo ziyamnandi. Ukuhluma kwesihlahla kuqala ngonyaka wesihlanu wesikhombisa.
Uyazi? Ezweni kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezintathu zamapheya.
Imithetho yokutshala amapheya "Veles"
Izihlahla ze-"Veles" pear zikhetha inhlabathi evundile, futhi kuyadingeka ukuthi kunezingqimba zeshlabathi ngaphansi koqweqwe oluvundile: lokhu kunomphumela omuhle ohlelweni lwempande. Ukukhetha okuhle kwezithombo, indawo, ukutshala isitifiketi - isiqinisekiso sokuthi i-pear izoletha isivuno esivulekile.
Indlela yokukhetha izithombo zokutshala
Ukutshala, khetha izithombo ze-biennial ngisho nezihlahla ezingenakunqotshwa ezinenani elincane lamagatsha ohlangothini.
Lapho uthenga izithombo, ikakhulukazi uhlole izimpande zawo ngokucophelela. Akufanele kube omile, ngaphandle komonakalo, hhayi ngaphansi kuka-25 cm ubude.
Ukukhetha indawo ngaphansi kwepheya
Iphakathi kwe "Veles" i-thermophilic. Izindawo ezivulekile, ezingenamoya zifanelekile, futhi ukukhula komuthi kanye nezinga lokushukela kwezithelo kuzoxhomeke kulo. Isixazululo esihle kunazo zonke kungaba ukutshala umuthi we-pear endaweni ekhanyayo eduze nendlu. Ngakho uvikela ipheya ekuphefumulweni komoya neqhwa. Ungatshala futhi imbewu ephakathi kwensimu phakathi kwezinye izihlahla zezithelo. Ungathola isivuno esivulekile esivela esihlahleni sePeles uma sikhula emhlabathini owomile, onesihlabathi noma onesihlabathi.
Kubalulekile! Emhlabathini webumba, i-pear ayivuthi kahle futhi iveza izithelo.
Isikhathi nesikimu sokufika
Kungenzeka ukutshala ikhasi eliphakathi kokuqala kwentwasahlobo nasekwindla. Ukutshala izinhlobo zamapheya "i-Veles" entwasahlobo ivikela umuthi ngamagundane, ngaphezu kwalokho, phezu kwehlobo kukhula uhlelo lwempande lomuthi, oluzokwenza ngcono i-overwintering yakhe.
Ngokuqondene nokutshala ekwindla, bese utshala ipeyari engxenyeni yesibili kaSepthemba, amasonto ambalwa ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa. Izimbiza kufanele zilungiselelwe kusengaphambili.
Umgodi kumele ugubwe ngamamitha ububanzi futhi ububanzi obungama-40-50 cm. Ingaphansi komgodi kumele ikhululwe futhi umanyolo wanezelwe lapho (mix in proportions elinganayo inhlabathi evundile kanye peat noma humus). Ngomunye umgodi kuzothatha cishe amabhakede amabili noma amathathu. Izinotshi zenziwe ezindongeni zomgodi ukuze zithuthukise ukujikelezwa komoya futhi zivuselele ukukhula kwezimpande. Uma ukutshala amapheya ulandela imiyalelo ethize:
- Beka isikhonkwane phakathi nendawo yomgodla we-seedling ukuze ungadli.
- Uma unciphisa isithombo emgodini, hlola ukuthi intamo impande i-2-3 cm ngaphezu kwezinga lemhlabathi.
- Khululela kancane kancane isihlahla nomhlaba, ngenkathi usilisela njalo ngezikhathi ezithile, uyisigwede futhi usikhiphe kancane (ukuhambisa ngokulinganayo izwe phakathi kwezimpande).
- Ekupheleni kwe-backfill, umhlabathi kufanele ubukeke njengodaka olusetshenzisiwe.
- Ukusuka phezulu, ufafaze umgodi ngomhlaba osele, wenze uhlangothi oluzungeze ikhasi bese ulithululela ngamabhakede amabili noma amathathu amanzi.
- Ngemuva kwamanzi, umhlabathi uhambelana ne-peat noma i-sawdust.
Kubalulekile! Ukutshala ipheya entwasahlobo, lungise imbobo ekwindla. Phela, isihlahla esitshaliwe emgodini omusha sihlupheka ngenxa yenkxaso yomhlaba.
Indlela yokukhulisa ikhasi elilodwa elithi "Veles" e-cottage yabo ehlobo, ikakhulukazi ukunakekelwa
Iphakathi kwe "Veles" idinga ukunakekelwa kwekhwalithi eliphezulu, ngokwabo ukuthela izithelo ngokukhululekile njalo. Lesi sitshalo sidinga ukondliwa, siphuziswa, sithukulule inhlabathi, ukhula, ukhula, sinqume amagatsha, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho zinambuzane ezibonakalayo, futhi kuthatha izinyathelo zokuvimbela ngesikhathi futhi zilwa nezifo.
Indlela yokuphuza ikhasi
Ukunisela kubaluleke kakhulu esitshalweni, kokubili ngesipuli, nasemthini omdala. Izithombo ezincane zidinga ukuphuziswa izikhathi ezimbili noma kathathu ngesonto (ngesitshalo esisodwa samanzi amabili). Izihlahla ezivuthiwe nazo zizodinga ukuchelela, ikakhulu uma ziqala ukuthela izithelo. Amanzi amathathu noma kane ngenyanga. Ukunisela kwenziwa ekuseni noma kusihlwa.
Kubalulekile! Gcwalisa lesi sitshalo ngamanzi akufanele kube, ngoba uhlelo lwaso lwezimpande lukhula ngokwanele ukuze lusekele ngokuzimela emanzini.
I-pear inganisela ngamanzi ngendlela ejikelezayo lapho amanzi ewela emhlabathini (indlela yemvula) futhi encane (cishe u-15 cm ekujuleni) umsele ovuliwe emzimbeni lapho amanzi egeleza khona. Amanzi asakazwa emhlabeni wonke, futhi izimpande zithatha umswakama ezidingekayo.
Izitshalo kanye nezinkuni ezifaka umquba
Inhlabathi evundile idonsa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi ilahlekelwa izakhi. Ngakho-ke Izithako eziphilayo nezamaminerali zisetshenziselwa ukuyibuyisela. Ukondla okugcwele kwezihlahla eziphakathi kwe-pear kuzoletha isivuno esikhulu. Izihlahla eziphakathi kwamapheya zidla izikhathi eziningana ngonyaka. Umanyolo wokuqala ukhiqizwa ngaphambi kokuqubuka, okuyi-carbimide, saltpeter noma urea. Ukondla okwesibili kwenziwa ekupheleni kwezimbali zepeyari, bese umanyolo "oluhlaza" usetshenziswa - udoti wokudla, umquba, amaqabunga, utshani. Zifakwa emgodini owomileyo ezungeze isihlahla futhi zimbozwe umhlaba. Yonke le nhlanganisela ibolile futhi inikeza ukudla okungeziwe emthini. Ukugqoka okwesithathu kwenziwa phakathi kukaSepthemba ngamaminerali amaminerali, umlotha noma i-sawdust.
Kubalulekile! Ukwenza i-nitrogen ngesikhathi sebusika akuvunyelwe nakancane.
Konke mayelana nokusika izihlahla zamapheya "Veles"
Ukusika izikhonkwane "Veles" kuyadingeka ukuze wonke amagatsha esitshalo athathe ukukhanya okwanele ukuze akhule.
Izitshalo zokudubula
Ngaphambi kokutshala insimu encane ithalwa. Wonke amagatsha ancishiswe yi-third one. Ngakho-ke, umqhele wesikhathi esizayo ukhiwa. Isihlahla esilandelayo senziwa entwasahlobo, kuze kufike amaqabunga.
Ukutshala izihlahla abadala
Emithini ekhulile, amagatsha asele emhlabathini asuswe ngokuphelele, amahlumela abuthakathaka futhi ngempela onke amagatsha abagulayo nabadala.
Kubalulekile! Amagatsha amaningi angeke anqunywe ngesikhathi esifanayo, avunyelwe ukususa ingxenye eyodwa kuphela yenani eliphelele. Izindawo zinqunywe nge-odweji kawoyela, i-garden pitch noma i-paste-putty.
Izindlela zokubeletha zamaParea
Ipeyari inganda ngambewu kanye nemifino (ukubeka, ukusika, ukuhlanganiswa). Ukutshalaliswa kwembewu kusetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza izinhlobo ezintsha zamapheya ngokuhamba ngezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo, izinhlobo nezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene. Iphakathi kwe "Veles" ivame ukusabalaliswa ngokubeka nokusika.
Ukukhiqizwa yi-cuttings
I-cuttings yamapare ayivunwa ebusika. Igatsha elidala elinomuthi waminyaka emibili lithathwa futhi liqhekeke ngaphandle kokudiliza amagxolo. Uma igatsha lide, lihlelwe ezindaweni eziningana. Ubude obuhle be-cuttings bubhekwa njengama-15-20 cm ubude. Izindawo ze-fractures esifundeni esiphezulu sezintambo zihlanganiswe nge-plaster, itekisi elihlabayo noma i-tape. Khona-ke igatsha linamathele endotsheni noma kumcingo. Izinto zokugqoka kanye ne-fixer ziyasuswa ekupheleni kukaMashi, futhi igatsha ligawulwa libe yizicucu ezindaweni zokuphumula. 
Ebhodini elimnyama lamaplastiki lamabili-litre uthele amanzi ancibilikile (kuze kube ngu-5-7 cm), amaphilisi amaningana e-carbon acushiwe aphelile kuwo, futhi ama-cuttings angu-10-12 anciphisa kuwo ezingxenyeni eziphansi. Ibhodlela ifakwe endaweni ekhanyayo. Ngemuva kwamasonto ambalwa, amafayipi e-callus akha emaqenjini aphansi futhi izimpande ziqala ukukhula. Lapho sifinyelela ezimpandeni zobude buka-5-7 cm, zitshalwe endaweni evulekile enhlabathini evundile. Ekuqaleni, banelisekile nge-shading kusuka ekukhanyeni okukhanyayo. Ama-cuttings adingeka ukuba anisele, aphelwe, akhule ukhula, futhi ngokuwa bazobe sebebukeka kakade njengezithombo ezimbili kuya kwezintathu ubudala.
Ukukhiqizwa ngokubeka
Akunakwenzeka ukugoba igatsha eliphakathi kwelasi, kodwa le ndlela yokukhiqiza isetshenziswa ngokubeka: ibhokisi elinomhlabathi ovundile lifakwe ngaphansi kwegatsha; , ukucwenga okungafaniyo kwenziwa emagqabeni ayo, bese igatsha likhonjiwe futhi lifakwe emhlabathini ebhokisini. Ekupheleni kwayo yonke le nqubo, ubuso bomhlabathi ebhokisini buhlanganiswe nefilimu, izinto zokuphahla, noma zihlanganiswe ngendwangu yomquba.
Umhlabathi udinga ukugcinwa kancane. Izimpande zakhiwa ngaphambi kokuphela kwenkathi, kodwa zizobe zibuthakathaka kakhulu ukuguqula ukubeka. Ebusika, igatsha ligcwele amagatsha ase-spruce, futhi ibhokisi le-snowdrift likhishwa. Ngokuvamile, inqubo yokukhulisa ucezu lwepeli le-Veles yiminyaka emibili ubude. Khona-ke inqanyuliwe emthini womama futhi ishintshwe njenge-sapling evamile. Ngendlela, izimbali ziqhakaza futhi zithele izithelo ngaphambi kwezithombo. Futhi le ndlela igcina izici ezihlukahlukene zomuthi womama.
Uyazi? Isihlobo esiseduzane sepeyari i-rose.
Ukuvuna nokugcina
Ama-pears avuthiwe anqunywa umbala (uma izithelo ziphuzi, zivuthiwe) futhi ngobuningi bamapheya (izithelo ezivuthiwe ziba mncane). Ukuvuna ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti - ekuqaleni kuka-September. Kusukela esihlahleni esisodwa ungakwazi ukuqoqa kusuka ku-50 kuya ku-100 kg wamapheya. Izithelo zivuthiwe ngesikhathi esifanayo. Kodwa kungcono ukuqoqa ngezigaba ezimbili: izithelo ezinkulu zokuqala ziqoqwa (ngo-20 ka-Agasti), futhi kusukela phakathi kukaSepthemba - konke okunye.
Uma izithelo zaqothulwa kancane, zingagcinwa esiqandisini kuze kube nguNovemba. Izithelo ezivuthiwe zokugcina isikhathi eside azifanelekile, zisetshenziswe kahle noma zisetshenziselwa ukuvuna. Bagcina amapheya esiteji emabhokisini noma emashalofini enkuni ahlanganiswe nephepha ngaphambili. I-pear ngayinye ifakwe ephepheni elincanyana, elithambile noma e-peppered chips noma esihlabathini esihlanzekile. Lawula umswakama esingaphansi ukuze amapheya angeke aguqe, kanye nasesiteji angeke kube khona iphunga elimangalisayo kanye nemidwebo yokubunjwa.
Uyazi? Homer wabiza leli phepha "isipho sabonkulunkulu." EGreece lasendulo, i-pear isetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwemvelo yokugulisa izilwane kanye nesicashu.
Iphakathi kwe "Veles": ukufaneleka nokudakiswa kwezinhlobonhlobo
Izinzuzo zepeyari yebanga elithi "Veles":
- Izithelo ezimnandi;
- Ukubukeka okuhle;
- Ukumelana okubandayo okukhulu;
- Ukuphikiswa kwezifo ze-fungal;
- Isivuno esikhulu;
- Fruiting njalo.
- Izithelo ziyancipha ngesivuno esikhulu futhi njengoba isihlahla sikhula;
- Izinso ziqhwa lapho izithelo zivuthwa;
- Ukungena esikhathini esingaphansi kwesigaba se-fruiting.
Uyazi? ERoma lasendulo, amapheya ayinikelwa kuVenus, Pomonia naseningizimu-mpumalanga, nasezintabeni zamaGreki ku-Aphrodite noHera.
Njengoba utshale i-"Veles" eliphakathi kweqhinga lakho, nakanjani ngeke ulizisole. Izithelo ezinomsoco, ezinomsoco, ezivuthayo ngeke zishiye noma ubani ongenandaba.
