Izinkukhu zokuzalanisa izinkukhu yibhizinisi elinenzuzo. Ngisho noma ugcina umhlambi omncane, ngenxa yezidingo zakho kuphela, uzobe usenenzuzo. Kodwa noma yimuphi umsebenzi kuleli lizwe lilawulwa yimithetho, futhi ukuze ungahambi ngaphezu kwazo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula imithetho esungulwe kuwo.
I-Order of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Federation of Russian of 03.04.2006 N 103 "Lapho kuvunyelwe imithetho yezilwane zokugcina izinyoni emapulazini abo abemi kanye nezinkukhu zezinkukhu zohlobo oluvulekile"
Lo myalelo ubeka imithetho okufanele ilandelwe izakhamizi eziphethe izinyoni egcekeni labo kanye nezakhamuzi ezizalisa izinyoni emaflamini amakhulu nezincane. Uma abalimi bezinkukhu bengalandeli le mithetho, bazobhekana nezijeziso ezinkulu, kanti amapulazi ezinkukhu angavalwa.
Uyazi? Ukulima kwezinkukhu kuvela eNdiya cishe ngo-3000 BC, kanye nokukhulelwa kwezinkukhu.
Ububanzi
Imithetho yezilwane yasungulwa ukuqapha ukuzaliswa kwezinyoni emapulazini angasese kanye nezimele ukuze kuvikelwe ukusakazeka kwezifo ezivela emanzini.
Zonke izihlinzeko zomthetho kumele zifezwe ngabanye (abanikazi bezinyoni) abahlala eRussia, nezinhlangano ezinezinhlobo zezinyoni ezingenabhala.
Izidingo ezijwayelekile ezikhungweni zezinkukhu
Ngokusho komthetho wezilwane, wonke umuntu onomfuyo futhi okhiqiza imikhiqizo yezilwane kufanele ahambisane nemithetho ye-zoohygienic kanye neyezilwane, ukubeka, ukwakha, ukuxhaphaza izinto lapho izilwane zihlala khona noma zicutshungulwa, zigcinwe, imikhiqizo yezilwane idayiswa.
Indawo, ukwakhiwa, ukuxhaphazwa kwezinto lapho izinyoni zizohlala khona nokuhlukanisa egcekeni kumele zicabangele lezi zikhathi:
- Izakhiwo zezilwane kufanele zibekwe lapho kunamanzi okudonsa namanzi;
- ukuhlelwa ngepulazi kumele kuqinisekiswe futhi kuhanjiswe;
- uma kuhlongozwa izinhlobo eziningana zezinyoni, ngakho-ke kuzo zonke izakhiwo ezihlukene kufanele zinikezwe ezakhiweni ezinye noma eziningana, lapho izinyoni zingakwazi ukungena ngokuzenzekelayo egcekeni lokuhamba;
- Ididi lokuhamba kufanele lihlukaniswe. Kumele ifakwe ukuze zonke izinhlobo zezinhlanzi zibe necezu layo legceke;
- ingaphakathi lazo zonke izakhiwo ezigumbini kufanele zenziwe ngezinto ezilula kalula, eziqondakalayo nezingenasisetshenziswa;
Funda indlela yokwakha inkukhu yezinkukhu, i-turkey-hen, i-duckling, i-roaster, nenkukhu.
- izindlu ezikhungweni zezinkukhu kumele zenziwe zihlale zihlala isikhathi eside, ziqhuba ukuqhutshwa okuphansi kokushisa, ngokumelene nemikhiqizo yezinto ezibalulekile zezinyoni nama-disinfectants. Kumele futhi bahlangabezane nazo zonke izindinganiso zokuhlanzeka nokuhlanzeka;
- Izinkukhu zezinkukhu kumele zihlonywe nge-ventilation yemvelo noma yokuphoqeleka;
- zonke izenzo zokuvimbela izifo zemfuyo kufanele zenziwe;
- ezinyoni ezisegcekeni akufanele kube eduze komakhelwane kwezinye izilwane eziphilayo.
Imithetho yokulondoloza izinkukhu zezilwane
Ngokusho komthetho wezilwane, ezakhiweni lapho kuhleliwe khona ukuhlala kwezilwane okwesikhashana noma okuhlala njalo, kubalulekile ukudala zonke izimo zokuphila kwazo okunethezeka.
Ukwakha indawo enhle yezinyoni, udinga:
- uma kukhona ithuba lokutheleleka, khona-ke idivayisi yokucwilisa izicathulo, ngokubanzi kwendima, ifakwe phambi komnyango wendlu Umshini wokubulala amagciwane kumele ushintshe njalo;
- izinkukhu ezihlanzekile ezihlanzekile ezikhungweni nezinye izinkunkuma, futhi ugeze izindlu, phansi, izidleke, amathreyi, amakheji, abahlinzeki, abaphuza futhi, uma kunesidingo, ukukhipha imishanguzo. I-Excreta kumele ikhutshazwe nge-disinfected;
Kubalulekile! Sebenzisa kuphela owomile, hhayi efriziwe yokulala, ngaphandle kwesifungi izinto.
- uma izinyoni zigcinwa ngaphandle, i-floor kufanele ihlanganiswe ne-sawdust, izinkuni zezinkuni, njll. Ukuguqula imfucuza yemfuyo kuhlanzwa ngokuphelele futhi kuhlanzwa ngokuphelele, kusetshenziswe igciwane. Lapho udoti ushintshiwe, phansi kuhlanzwa futhi kuhlanjululwe i-lime fluff, u-0.5 kg ngemitha yesikwele ngasinye, noma izindlela ezikhethekile). Khona-ke ukulala okusha kuthululwa ngendwangu ka 10-15 cm.
Ezinkulwaneni zezinkukhu, amafasitela, iminyango, ama-air wind kufanele ahlanganiswe ngenetha ukuze izilwane zasendle zingangeni.
Abanye abantu abafuni ukuvakashela izakhiwo ngenyoni. Ngaphambi kokungena endlini, udinga ukushintsha izingubo ezihlanzekile.
Funda indlela yokwenza umoya wokuphuza umoya, phansi, abaxhasi, abaphuzayo endlini yase hen.
Imithetho yezilwane zokulondolozwa nokudla kwezinkukhu epulazini
Ngokusho komthetho wezilwane, abanikazi bezilwane kumele basebenzise imikhiqizo ephephile impilo yabo kanye nemvelo futhi ehlangabezana nezindinganiso zezempilo zezilwane zokudla izinyoni zabo.
Izilwane ezincane kufanele zitholakale emabhizinisini akhethekile nasemapulazini.
Ngaphambi kokubeka iqanda elibekwe yizinkukhu ku-incubator, kufanele lifakwe i-disinfected. Amaqanda okufakelwa ukufakelwa okugcinwe ku-8-10 ° C nomswakama 75-80%. Amaqanda enkukhu angagcinwa izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezinsuku ezingu-6, ama-turkeys namadada - angadluli kwezinsuku ezingu-8, ama-goose - angadluli kwezinsuku ezingu-10. Emva kwalesi sikhathi, usuku olulandelayo ngalunye luyakwandisa amathuba okufa kwe-embryo ngo-1%.
Phakathi nokukhuliswa kwesitokwe esincane emapulazini, impilo, ukuziphatha, ukudla, nokuphuza komuntu ngamunye kulawulwa. Isimo se-plumage siphinde sihlolwe. Uma kukhona okungajwayelekile ukuphawula, imbangela yabo isungulwa masinyane futhi, uma kunesidingo, izilwane zezilwane zibizwa.
Inombolo yezinyoni endlini ngayinye imitha yesikwele kufanele ibe kanje:
- amaqanda nezinhlobo zenyama (abasha) - izinyoni ezingu-11-12;
- abadala (izinkukhu, ama-turkeys, amadada, amahansi) - 3-4.
Funda ukuthi ungazala kanjani izinhlanzi, izinkukhu, ama-turkeys, amadada, ama-hawks, amahansi, izigwaca, izinyoni ze-Guinea, amajuba, ama-pheasants, izintshe ezitholakala emapulazini angasese.
Ubukhulu beziphakeli, ingxenye yabo efinyelelekayo yomuntu oyedwa:
- 6-8 cm izilwane ezindala;
- 4-5 cm for young.
Iziphuzi zilinganisaizingxenye ezitholakalayo zomuntu oyedwa, kumele okungenani ibe ngu-1-3 cm.
Inhlobo ngayinye yezinyoni kumele idliwe futhi iphuze ngokwehlukana.
Izindlela zokushisa, umswakama, kanye nokugxila kwegesi elimazayo ezinkukhu zezinkukhu zilawulwa yimithetho nemithethonqubo. Izinkukhu zezilwane zezinkukhu kumele zigcine imfuyo yazo kuphela kule ndawo kuze kube yilapho iminyango yamanzi ihamba khona ukuze ingaxhumani nezinyoni ezifuywayo.
Iqembu elilandelayo le-stock esincane kufanele lifakwe ekamelweni elikhethekile (elifudumele), lihlanjululwe futhi lihlweliswe nge-disinfected.
Thola ukuthi ungakwazi yini ukugcina izinkukhu kanye onogwaja, izinkukhu namadada ndawonye.
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela nokuqedwa kwezifo ezithathelwanayo zezinyoni emafama
Ngokusho komthetho wezilwane, wonke umuntu onemfuyo futhi okhiqiza imikhiqizo yezilwane kufanele ahambisane nemiyalelo yezilwane zezilwane ukwenza izinyathelo zokuvimbela izifo zezilwane.
Njengesiyingi sokuvimbela izifo zezinyoni ezithathelwanayo emapulazini, ngaphezu kwezinyathelo ezijwayelekile zezilwane nezamafutha, zigoma imfuyo, ngokucabangela isimo se-epizootic endaweni.
Abanikazi bezinyoni kufanele banikeze izinyoni ukuze zihlolwe ngesicelo sezilwane zezilwane.
Esikhathini esifanayo isicelo, abanikazi kumele babike inamba yamakhanda kwifomu ngalinye eliqukethwe epulazini.
Uma kukhona ukusola kwesifo noma ukuxilongwa kwenyoni, izinyathelo zithathwa ngokuhambisana nemithetho yokulwa nalesi sifo.
Uyazi? EYurophu, izinkukhu zafika ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-XVIII ngezinkukhu zokuzalana kwezinkukhu.
Ngemuva kokubukeza umthetho oyisisekelo olawula okuqukethwe kwezinyoni ezizimele, ungakwazi ukuhlomisa kahle izakhiwo zezilwane. Lokhu kuzosiza hhayi kuphela ukugwema isijeziso ezivela eziphathimandla ezilawulayo, kodwa futhi ukukhulisa imikhiqizo yekhwalithi.
Ukubuyekeza
