Bilbergia drooping - isitshalo esivame kakhulu zasendlini zonke izinhlobo ze-bilbergia, okuyinto wathola popular igama lesidlaliso "izindlovukazi izinyembezi". Indlela yokukhulisa ubuhle obunjalo efesiteleni lakho, ikakhulukazi ukunakekelwa nokugcinwa, kanye nezindlela zokuzalanisa nezitshalo zokulawula izinambuzane - mayelana nalokhu ngokuningiliziwe kulesi sihloko.
Izici zezimbali
UBilbergia uyilungu lomndeni wakwaBromeliad - izitshalo ezihlala ezindaweni ezishisayo nasezindaweni ezingaphansi komhlaba eziseNtshonalanga Afrika. Lo mndeni unezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-2 000 zezitshalo, ezibonakala ngamaqabunga aqinile, amaqabunga kanye nesistimu yezimpande ezithuthukile.
Umndeni we-bromeliad uhlanganisa nezitshalo ezifana ne-aechmea, i-guzmaniya, i-vriezii ne-bromelia.
Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo ze-bilbergia zitholakala:
- oluhlaza: amaqabunga ahlukene asemnyama aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nama-gray scale Izwe - iNingizimu Melika;
- kuhle: inezinhlamvu ezinkulu eziqinile. Blooms ezincane izimbali blue. Ekuqaleni ukusuka eningizimu-mpumalanga yeBrazil;
- ibhoni: Isici sesici salokhu kuhlukahluka amaqabunga anemibala ehlukahlukene yama-shades nezimbali ezinkulu eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Izwe lokuvela - i-Central America;
- i-zebra: unombala wesiliva-obhedu wamaqabunga nezimbali ezikhanyayo ezibomvu. Ekuqaleni ukusuka eGuatemala naseHonduras;
- ipiramidi: Ihlukaniswa amaqabunga aphikisiwe nezimbali ezincane. Indawo yase-Venezuela.
I-bilbergia ebizwa ngokuthi i-drooping (drooping) ayiyona isitshalo esivamile: nge-Bromeliads ihlobene kuphela nesakhiwo esinamandla, esinamaqabunga eqabunga. Kuzo zonke ezinye izici, i- "Izinyembezi zeNdlovukazi" kunalokho kufana ne-epiphytes - izitshalo ezinamapayipi nge-inflorescences ende, ekhanyayo.
Sincoma ukuthi sijwayele izinhlobo ezahlukene zezitshalo zasendlini.
Ngokungafani nezinye i-Bromeliads, lesi sitshalo sineziqabunga ezinde ezifinyelelekile kuya phezulu-zifana nezitshalo. Iqabunga ngokwayo limbozwe nge-roughness noma izilinganiso ezincane, futhi eceleni komngcele kukhona uchungechunge lwezinyosi ezikhomba. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi i-bilbergia stem ayifuni - amaqabunga akhula ngokuqondile emmpandeni.
Isici sesici sembali siyakwazi ukushintsha umbala wamaqabunga, kuye ngokuthi ukukhanyisa - ebumnyameni bumnandi, kuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka embala, futhi kubeka ukukhanya kwe-bronze obhedu ekukhanyeni. Lezi zitshalo ezihlala njalo zitshalo eziqhakaza zinezimbali eziqhakazile, ezibomvu ezibomvu ezibeka ama-panicle aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. 
Izimbali ziqoqiwe ezindlebeni ezisontekile, ezivunguza izindlebe - lesi sici futhi zithole igama lesitshalo. Isikhathi sokuqhakaza se-bilbergia sibangelwa ubusika, ngakho-ke kubonakala kuhle kakhulu ngokumelene nesitshalo sezitshalo zendabuko eziqhakaza ehlobo.
Uyazi? I-Bilbergia inempahla eyingqayizivele - iveza izinto ezikhethekile ezizungezile ezigcwala ngokuphelele futhi zivuselele umoya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingathatha umsindo noma umsindo omkhulu. Kulo mkhuba we-feng shui, lesi sitshalo sifanekisela ukomoya nokuhlakanipha kokuphila - lokhu kuqondiswa amandla e-bilbergia ukudala umkhathi okhululekile ozungezile uqobo.
Nokho, phakathi kwalesi sitshalo kukhona izinhlobo ezinjalo eziqhakaza kuphela ehlobo - isibonelo, i-bilberidal bilbergia. Flower izithelo - amajikijolo. Lesi sitshalo sifinyelela ukuphakama kwama-60 cm, futhi i-peduncle ngokwayo ingakhula ibe ngu-80 cm.
Ividiyo: okuqukethwe nokunakekelwa kwe-bilberg
Izici Zokuqukethwe
I-Bilbergia, naphezu kwemvelaphi engavamile, iyisitshalo esingahlonipheki futhi esingenakulinganiswa - ishintsha isimo sezulu esiphezulu. Libhekene nokuqina nempilo enhle - le mbali ayidlangalaleni izifo.
Izindwangu zokufaka izindlu ezingenakudliwa nazo zihlanganisa i-sansevieria, i-chlorophytum, i-cactus, i-euphorbia, i-hoya, i-tradescantia, i-zamiokulkas, i-spathiphyllum, i-hibiscus, i-zygocactus.
Kodwa-ke, lesi sitshalo sidinga ukushisa okufudumele, ukufaka umanyolo kanye nokuchelela okufanele - ukunakekelwa noma ukunakekelwa kwekhwalithi engafanele kungaholela ekufeni.
Ukushisa kwemoya nomswakama
Ukubaluleka okuyisisekelo kokushisa okungcono ukuvimbela izinguquko ngokungazelelwe ekushiseni. Ushintsho olusheshayo lokushisa olungaphezu kwe-12-14 ° C lubangela isimo sokushaqeka: amaqabunga abuna, aphule kakhulu, futhi angawa. 
UBilbergia uzizwa ekhululekile kakhulu ekushiseni kwe-17-22 ° C, futhi ekushiseni okuphansi (14-15 ° C), isitshalo sikhula ngokushesha.
Kodwa-ke, uma ugcina njalo imbali emakhazeni noma ebusweni, ungenza buthakathaka kakhulu amasosha omzimba wesitshalo, futhi lokho kungasongela ukuvela kwezifo. Akunconywa ukuthi udlule izinga lokushisa elingenhla ku-26-28 ° C: uma kungenzeka ukunganelisi okwanele, ama-bilbergia angafa kalula ekushiseni.
Ukukhanyisa
Inzuzo enkulu ye-bilbergia yikhono lokuzivumelanisa nokukhanya okwanele nokubi, naphezu kokuthi imbali ingokwemvelo inothando kakhulu. Kodwa ngisho noma amafasitela akho ebhekene nohlangothi olusenyakatho, kanti ubusika bubusa endlini kakhulu usuku, lesi sitshalo sizobekezelela ngokuthula ukulahlekelwa okunjalo kokukhanya. 
Kodwa-ke, kungcono ukunikeza imbali ngelanga elimnyama elimnyama: lapho ama-bilbergia egeza ngelanga, amaqabunga ayo agcwele kakhulu. Ngezinsuku zasehlobo ezishisayo, ungathatha imbali emoyeni: lokhu kuzosheshisa ukwakheka kwama-rosette amancane kulawo ohlobo oluqhakaza ehlobo. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imbali ayitholakali isikhathi eside ngaphansi kwelanga eliqondile.
Ukunisela nokuphalaza
Ukwehlisa ngokweqile inhlabathi, kanye nokumelela ngokweqile, kungaphazamisa ama-bilbergia - isitshalo sikhetha inhlabathi ephakathi nomswakama. Amanzi ama-bilberg adinga isikhathi esingaphezu kwesikhombisa ezinsukwini ezingu-5-6 - uma ngabe ungqimba oluphezulu lwenhlabathi lumile ngaphansi kuka-3-4 cm.
Kungcono ukusebenzisa izimpande ukuchelela kanye nokupuniza: ehlobo ehlobo elishisayo, ungaphala imbali kuze kube izikhathi eziyisihlanu ngosuku. Ebusika, ukuchelela kuqhutshwa kancane kancane, kodwa hhayi kaningi isikhathi 1 ezinsukwini ezingu-10. 
Uma ukuphuza amafomu okudlulayo kwamanzi epanini, kumele kukhishwe: ngaphandle kwalokho, izimpande zingaqala ukubola. Phakathi nesikhathi sokuqhakaza, ungqimba oluphezulu lwenhlabathi ebhodweni lungahlanganiswa ngomswakama noma ubumba obumanzi, okuzosiza ukugcina umswakama emhlabathini nokugcwala okungcono kwembali yonke.
Kubalulekile! Uma uphuza futhi uphefa i-bilbergia, ungavumeli amanzi aqhubeke emagqabeni ahlotshiswe ngomngcwabo wesitshalo - kungenjalo, uma kusetshenzwa izinga lokushisa lokushisa lomoya noma lokushisa, lo ohlala efasitela lewindi uzothatha umkhuhlane.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
UBilbergia udinga umanyolo owengeziwe kuphela ngesikhathi sokudla. Yondla ngamanyolo akhethekile ahloswe ngezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo ze-bromeliad. Umanyolo ojwayelekile ungasetshenziswa - noma kunjalo, umthamo kumele ube nesigamu. Umanyolo usetshenziswa isikhathi 1 ngezinsuku ezingu-15-20, isikhathi sonke sokudla sithatha izinyanga ezingu-2-2.5. 
Ukufakelwa
Ukufakelwa kabusha okuvamile kwalesi sihlahla esishisayo akudingeki: kuphela uma imbali ikhule kakhulu, kufanele idluliselwe embizeni enkulu. Kungcono ukukhetha hhayi okujulile, kodwa izimbiza ezibanzi noma izimbiza.
Izimila ezifana neCalbrachoa, Surfinia, Bacopa, Dichondra, Campanula, Begonia, Vervaina kanye neGeranium nazo zihle kakhulu ekutshalweni kwezimbiza.
I-substrate entsha ihlanganiswe ebhodweni elikhethekile: ingxube ye-humus, isihlabathi somfula, i-peat yamaqabunga nenhlabathi. Inhlabathi elungiselelwe imiswe kahle (kulesi sigaba umanyolo ungasetshenziswa), futhi isitshalo sitshalwe kabusha.
Bilbergia ukuzalanisa
Kunezindlela eziningana zokusakaza i-bilbergia: ngayinye inezinzuzo zayo kanye nezinkinga zayo. 
Kusukela kumbewu
Indlela eyinkinga kakhulu yokuzala imbali. Kule ndlela, ifaneleka kahle, hhayi imbewu eyomile. Imbewu eqoqwe ifakwe kwisisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate futhi esomile kancane. Khona-ke iziqukathi ezikhethekile zilungiselelwe: ingxube yamanzi omhlabathi we-sand and peat ifakwa kuwo.
Izitshalo ezilungiselelwe zitshalwe enhlabathini enomanzi (zidinga ukucindezelwa ekujuleni kwe-1 cm). Amabhokisi aphezulu agcwele ingilazi noma isikhwama esilula ukuze kuzuze umphumela wokushisa. Lezi zindawo zokugcina zokugcina izithombo zitholakala endaweni efudumele ebumnyama (enezinga lokushisa okungenani u-24 ° C) amasonto ama-5-6 - kuze kuvele amahlumela okuqala.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina njalo umswakama nokuvimbela inhlabathi ekumekeni: lokhu, isikhwama noma ingilazi kufanele kususwe ngezikhathi ezithile futhi ukuqhuma okuhle kwenhlabathi kufanele kwenziwe. 
Ukusabalaliswa kwe-bilgieria ngosizo lwembewu kuyinto engavamile kakhulu - uma wenza iphutha kunoma yisiphi isigaba sokukhiqiza okunjalo, ngeke ukwazi ukukhula imbali, kufanele ulinde omunye unyaka kuze kufike ukuhluma kwesihlahla.
Izinqubo ze-Lateral
Indlela enhle yokuthola isitshalo esikhulu esiphelele ngaphandle kokulinda isikhathi eside. Eqinisweni, isitshalo esikhulu sihlukaniswe nje: izinqubo ezihlangene (ezibizwa nangokuthi "izingane") zivele zifakwe kwesinye isitsha. 
Le ndlela ifaneleka ukuthi inani elikhulu ngokwanele lokutshala okunjalo lenziwa e-bilbergia, futhi okungaphezu kwezingu-10 ezintsha zingatholakala embali eyodwa.
"Izinsana" kanye nezimpande zishintshwa zibe izimbiza ezincane ngenhlabathi enomhlabathi olungiselelwe (kubalulekile ukunikeza amahlumela amancane inani eliphakeme elangeni). I-bilbergia encane ingaqhakaza kuphela iminyaka emibili emva kokutshala.
Izihlahla ze-Leaf
Le ndlela ibizwa nangokuthi "ukuhlukaniswa" - imbali enkulu ihlukaniswe izingxenye. Kungcono ukusebenzisa i-stalk leqabunga elikhulu, hhayi ngaphansi kuka-20 cm: iqabunga elinjalo liyoba namandla anele namandla okugxila endaweni entsha. Isiqu kufanele sithathwe enhlabathini enomanzi olungiselelwe (ingxube ye-peat nesihlabathi esinamaqabunga).
Ukuze wenze lokhu, itshalwe embizeni encane ene-primer futhi igcwele isikhwama esingafihli, isikhala noma ingilazi engilazi phezulu. Okulandelayo, ukusika kunikwa indawo efudumele (okungenani engu-24 ° C) ngokufinyelela okuvamile kwelanga. Ngokusekelwa kwezinga elifanele lomswakama (kuyadingeka ukuphambanisa ukusika zonke izinsuku ezingu-3-4), ngenyanga ngenyanga izimpande zokuqala zizovela.
Izinambuzane, izifo kanye nezinyathelo zokulawula
Naphezu kokuthi i-bilbergia isitshalo esinamandla esinomsoco omzimba, asivikelekile ekuhlaselweni kwezidakamizwa ezihlukahlukene.
Izinambuzane eziyinhloko zezimbali ziyi:
- isihlangu;
- i-aphid;
- isi-spider mite;
- i-mealybug
Ukuvimbela ukuvela kwalezi zinambuzane akunakwenzeka, nokho, ukusindisa isitshalo kusuka ezinambuzane ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu - umsebenzi womlimi ngamunye. Izindawo ezithintekayo zetshe ziphathwa nge-swab yekotini, ehlanjululwa kwisisombululo sesasipu - idinga ukusula yonke indawo yeshidi sokungcola.
Uma i-bilbergia ithinteka yizifo ezincane, ngakho-ke lesi silinganiso sanele ukuba izinambuzane zihambe. Uma ukuhlasela kwezidakamizwa kuqhuma kakhulu, kuyadingeka ukuba usebenzise usizo lwe-insecticide: hlaziya i-Actellic noma iCarbofoss emanzini (amaconsi angu-15-20 ngetitha elilodwa) bese uhlanza ngokucophelela sonke isitshalo ngale mithi.
Uma i-fungus ivela emaqabunga (lokhu kwenzeka njalo ngemva kokuhlasela kwe-aphid), amaqabunga abathintekile kufanele asuswe ngokuphelele, futhi angabathintwa ukuthi angaphathwa ngesisombululo sensipho. 
Phakathi kwezifo ezivame kakhulu ze-bilbergia yizinto ezilandelayo:
- Ukuvela kwezindawo ezimnyama. Ngokuvamile lokhu kungumphumela wokushisa ilanga - kulokhu, isitshalo kufanele sisuswe ngokushesha ngokukhanya kwelanga, siphambise ngamanzi afudumele futhi sibekwe endaweni epholile (umehluko wokushisa kuleli cala akufanele ube ngaphezu kuka-5-6 ° C!)
- Ukufiphaza kwamaphuzu weqabunga (ukuphela kokuba mnandi noma okubomvu). Lokhu kuyisiginali sokuthi amanzi agxila emagcekeni aphikisiwe ephepha, noma aphuziswa ngamanzi anzima kakhulu: sebenzisa amanzi ashisayo, futhi ngemva kokuphalaza, usula umswakama owedlule kusuka emaqabunga ngendwangu elithambile.
- Ukuqothula amaqabunga, ukukhula kancane. Ukhuluma ngokungabi khona kwelanga: ukuhambisa isitshalo emoyeni (ehlobo) noma usebenzise ukukhanya okungeziweko (ebusika).
- Ukubola kwezitshalo. Isifo esibi esongela ukubulala i-bilbergia. Kule ndaba, ukudluliselwa okuphuthumayo okuphuthumayo embizeni entsha enomhlabathi ophelele kuyadingeka (okuqukethwe komswakama we-substrate entsha akufanele kudlule 50%).
Ukuze ugweme ukusebenzisa lesi sifo, hlola imbali ngokucophelela njalo ngesonto: hlola ukuqina nokufana kombala weqabunga, ususe, uma kunesidingo, amaqabunga owomile, ungakhohlwa ukusebenzisa umanyolo futhi uqaphele izinga lomswakama lomhlabathi.
Kubalulekile! Ukubola noma ukumiswa kwembali i-flower rosette ngemuva kokubhakaza kuyinkqubo yemvelo - akubhekwa njengesifo futhi akusho ukuthi isitshalo sigula.
Kungani i-bilbergia ingaqhakazi ekhaya
Isizathu esiyinhloko ukuthi i-bilbergia inkani ngenkani ukuqhakaza ukungabi nomswakama nokukhanya. Ngokufiphala njalo ehlobo bese kugcinwa imbali ekukhanyeni okungafani, azikho izinkinga ezihambisana nezimbali. Kodwa-ke, uma i-bilbergia ingaphumeleli, ungazama le ndlela: faka i-apple esinqunyiwe ebhodweni, bese ubeka isikhwama esincane esilula embali ngokwawo. 
Uma kusetshenzwa isimo sezulu esibamba ukushisa, i-apula iqala ukumisa i-ethylene, into ephuthumayo inqubo yezimbali zonke amalungu omndeni we-bromeliad (lokhu kuyindlela yokucubungula kwe-ananas). Kungenzeka ukuthi uthola i-bilbergia ekhulayo efasitela lakho lewindi ngokukhiqiza isitshalo esikhulu ngokuhlanganiswa: isitshalo esincane esikhulile ngale ndlela singaqhakaza ngonyaka.
Uyazi? Izitshalo zomndeni we-bromeliad zitholwe nguColumbus emuva esikhathini sezinto ezikuDaily Geographical Discoveries. Emakhulwini amathathu kuphela kamuva, ngo-1815, i-bilbergia priramidalnaya ichazwe ngokuningiliziwe nge-botany yesiNgisi njengommeleli ocacile we-bromeliads. Lo msebenzi unemiqulu eminingana futhi namhlanje iphakathi kwezikhwama zegolide zezinto ze-botanical.
Esinye isizathu esingaba khona sokuntuleka kwezimbali emthonjeni wezitshalo ezishisayo yi-mineralization eyanele emhlabathini. Kulesi simo, kubalulekile ukuguqula i-bilbergia ibe yinye ibhodlela ngenhlabathi entsha, ekhulelwe futhi enomswakama. 
I-Bilbergia iyisitshalo esingavamile esingaphakathi, okuyinto ngenxa yedatha yayo yangaphandle ekhanyayo ingaba umhlobiso ensimini yakho yembali. Ukuhambisana nokushisa okungcono, umswakama kanye namazinga okukhanya, kanye nokunakekelwa okufike ngesikhathi kuzokuvumela ukuba ujabulele ubuhle balesi sivakashi esishisayo iminyaka eminingi.
Ukubuyekeza okuvela kwinethiwekhi
