Incubator

Indlela yokwenza i-incubator yamaqanda ngezandla zakho

Uma ungumnikazi wendlu, lesi sihloko sizokusiza ekuhleleni ukushisa komshini wokufakelwa. Uzothola ukuthi yiziphi izinto zokufudumala ezikhona nokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ezihamba phambili. Sizophinde sigxile kuma-incubators akwenzayo - imiyalelo eningiliziwe yamanothi amaningana azohlinzekwa ukunakwa kwakho.

Ihethri Injongo

Ukuze izinkukhu ezivamile zizalwe iqanda elivame ukukhulelwa, izimo ezithile kufanele zibonwe ku-incubator. Inhloso yama-heaters ukudala izimo eziseduze ngangokunokwenzeka kulabo izinyoni zezinkukhu ezidala inzalo yayo yesikhathi esizayo.

Izimo ezihle zingenzeka kuphela ngezici zokushisa ezikhethiwe kahle. Iphesenti lokungafuni ngokuqondile kuxhomeke ekushiseni. Kuyinto engxenyeni eyinhloko yomklamo wokutshala, ohlinzeka ngezimo ezifanele ngenqubo yokuzalisa izinkukhu.

Ukwenza ngaphandle kwezinto ezinjalo akunakwenzeka. Endabeni yokuphuza amanzi, ukuthuthukiswa kwemibungu kuzokwehla kakhulu, futhi abantu abaningi bazofa nje.

Isici sokufudumala "esikhumbeni" esiyingxenye siyingxenye ehlukile eyenza futhi igcine izinkomba zokushisa ezidingekayo phakathi nesikhathi sonke sokukhushulwa.

Uyazi? AmaShayina akwazi ukuhlanganisa iqanda lezinkukhu. Abaqamba amanga baye bafihla amagama abo. Kodwa-ke, ososayensi bakwazi ukuvula ubuchwepheshe obufakwe yile fake. Ngakho-ke, igobolondo yenziwe nge-calcium carbonate, futhi okuqukethwe kusetshenzisiwe usebenzisa izithasiselo zokudla, umbala wombala kanye ne-gelatin. Ngaphandle, kunzima kakhulu ukuhlukanisa inkohliso kusuka eqanda langempela, kodwa ukunambitheka komkhiqizo kuhluke ngokuphelele.

Izinhlobo zeHuff Heater

Uhlobo ngalunye lubhekene nezinzuzo ezithile kanye nokungahle kwenzeke, ukuqondanisa ukuthi unganquma ukuthi iyiphi indawo yokushisa ephumelela kakhulu ekhaya lakho.

Amafilimu okushisa

Ukushisa amafilimu ngokushesha kuthatha izinga lokushisa futhi ngokushesha nje lipholile ngaphandle kwe-inertia. Ifilimu ngokwalo ayifudumali emoyeni. Ubuchwepheshe buhlanganisa ukushisa into ephambi kwefilimu, futhi into ngokwalo iyayiphuza isikhala.

Ukushisa amafilimu kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ngesilinganiso sezimboni. Inzuzo yomkhiqizo ukuthi idla ugesi omncane, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo iyakwazi ukugcina ukushisa ezingeni elidingekayo isikhathi eside.

Uma ufuna ukondla ifilimu ebhethri, kuzodingeka uthenge inverter efanelekile. Kubalulekile ukubeka substrate ebonakalayo ngaphansi kwefilimu efudumele. Lesi silinganiso sizovumela ukushisa ukuba kuhlale ku-incubator.

Impendulo eyinhloko ye-heater yefilimu yinkinga yokuyithatha (umuntu akakwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kosizo lochwepheshe). Enye ingozi yindleko ephezulu yomkhiqizo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le filimu ayitholakali kalula ekuthengisweni.

Izintambo ezifudumele

Ama-fibre fibre cords, afana namafilimu, ngokushesha athatha izinga lokushisa bese epholile ngokushesha. Akukho futhi inertia yokushisa, ngakho-ke akukho nhlobo ekushiseni. Izintambo zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukugxila kumishini yezimboni.

Leli heater lide kakhulu. Into kuphela engayibhubhisa ingumonakalo womshini ku-braid, bese-fiber.

Naphezu kwamaphutha amancane, intambo yokushisa ingenye yezinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu zokushisa emakethe. Ungaxhuma ngokuphepha umkhiqizo ngokuqondile ku-thermostat - intambo ayishintshi ngokuphawulekayo ukumelana, ngakho ngeke ihluleke.

Kubalulekile! Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubala ngokulinganisa ubude bezintambo ezishisayo, ngaphandle kokwenza amaphutha. Uma kungenjalo, imiphumela ingaba yinto engathandeki kakhulu, ngisho nomlilo. Ngakho-ke, ukuphefumula kwenziwa ngokucophelela okukhulu.

Iphelelwe amandla

Nsuku zonke, abafudumezi be-infrared bavame kakhulu. Lezi yimikhiqizo yesizukulwane esisha, ngaphandle kwama-minus ahlukile kulabo abandulele. Ama-heaters anjalo ayamelana nomswakama, adla ugesi amaningana kagesi, akuvumela ukuba ulawule ngokunembile izinga lokushisa ku "hen hen".

Kodwa inzuzo yabo enkulu ukuthi basakaza ngokulinganayo ukushisa, kuyilapho bechitha okungenani ugesi. Lokhu kwenza ukwazi ukugcina okuningi, ngoba indawo yokushisa kufanele isebenze ngokuqhubekayo ngezinsuku ezingu-18-20.

Ukuphumula okuwukuphela kwesidingo sokwenza isitoreji izibani ezengeziwe, ngoba ngesikhathi somonakalo cishe akunakwenzeka ukuthola izibani ezifanele endlini.

Okuyinhloko yocingo okucatshangelwayo ukushintshanisa ukushisa phakathi kweqanda nomoya - ukushisa okuvela emkhathini we-radiator kudluliselwa ngqo kumaqanda ashisayo, futhi umoya ngaphakathi ngaphakathi kuhuni ushuthukile emaqanda ashisayo.

I-Tenovye

Ukushisa kwe-TEN kwe-incubator nakho kwande kakhulu. I-TEN ingenye yezindlela ezinokwethenjelwa (eziphephile) zokushisa nokusetshenziswa okuphansi kagesi.

Ngokungafani nama-incandescent bulb, i-element element yokushisa ayikwenzi ukukhanyisa ekamelweni lokushisa. Amaqanda asebumnyameni, okungukuthi, okufana nemibandela yemvelo (njengaphansi kwe-hen). Ngendlela, namuhla amazwe amaningi e-EU asevele eshiye ukusetshenziswa kwe-tube heaters "ezinyangeni".

Ukushisa ukuhambisa ukushisa ngokulinganayo eduze nomjikelezo wekamelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, la madivayisi ayithathi isikhala esiningi ku-incubator.

Kodwa-ke, izifudumezi zinenani elibi. Okokuqala, kune-inertia evuthayo, eyingozi ngoba ingozi yokushisa amaqanda. Okwesibili, kuyadingeka ukuba uhlukanise izingxenye zensimbi, ngoba zibhekene nokugqwala. Ukwengeza, i-heater eyakhelwe ngaphakathi kuyoba nzima ukushintsha uma kwenzeka ukuhlukana.

Uyazi? Abanye abantu abavela emhlotsheni owodwa nje wamaqanda ezinkukhu banomqondo wokwesaba okukhulu nokwesaba. Igama lesayensi laleli phobia yi-ovophobia (ukuhumusha okungokoqobo - "ukwesaba izinto ezincibilikisiwe"). Izizathu zokwakhiwa kwalokhu kwesaba azitholakali. Emhlabeni wonke, umuntu oyedwa kwaba-1 000 uhlushwa yi-phobia. I-Ovolbia yayidume kakhulu "horror inkosi" Alfred Hitchcock.

Isibani

Ama-heaters lamangqamuzana adingeka kakhulu phakathi kwabanikazi beefama zasekhaya. Lezi zihlukahlukene kuhle ukuzisebenzisa ngoba zingasetshenziswa kalula uma zilimazekile. Ngenxa yalokhu, noma yiluphi olunye isibani esitholakalayo endlini luzofanelana.

Ngokuphathelene namaminithi - ukushisa kuvame ukusabalalisa, kungabonakali ukushisa okuphawulekayo. Lokhu okungalungile kubonakala ngokukhethekile uma usebenzisa ama-incandescent ama.

Izibani ze-halogen ze-ceramic nazo zinezimo eziningana. Kunzima ukuyisebenzisa ekusebenzeni ngenxa yokuthi iveza ukushisa ngendlela ethile. Ngezinye izikhathi kunzima kakhulu ukulawula izinga lokushisa okunikeziwe.

Okunye okungalungile ukuhamba okuqhubekayo kokukhanya, okuyinto akuyona into ngesikhathi senqubo yemvelo yokuzalisa izinkukhu.

Izidingo eziyisisekelo ze-incubator

Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ngokugcwele ama-embryisi nokuqeda izinkukhu ezinempilo, i-microclimate ekhethekile kufanele ihlelwe "ku-hen" yokufakelwa. Izidingo eziyinhloko kuleli cala kukhona izinga lokushisa nomswakama.

Kuzoba usizo kuwe ukuthi ufunde indlela yokukhetha i-incubator yamaqanda, ukuthi ungakhetha kanjani i-incubator yasendlini ngendlela efanele, futhi uzijwayele ngezici eziyinhloko zama-incubators njenge-Blitz, Layer, Cinderella, Stimulus-1000.

Ngakho-ke, ikamelo lokufakelwa komuzi esikhathini esizayo kufanele lenziwe ngendlela yokuthi ungakwazi ukuhlola njalo futhi ngokukhululekile izinga lokushisa nomswakama (okungukuthi, idivayisi kufanele ifakwe ne-thermostat).

Ukugcina amaqanda ezinhlobonhlobo zezinyoni kwenziwa ekushiseni kwe-+37.1 ° C kuya ku -39 ° C. Ukuphuza nokushisa akuvunyelwe. Okokuqala, amaqanda kumele athiswe ekudleni okudingekayo, okuboniswe ngezinhlobo ezithile zezinyoni, futhi ezinsukwini zokugcina ngaphambi kwesampuli, isibonakaliso kufanele sinciphise.

Okungafani nalomthetho yiziqhwa zezigwaca - phakathi nezinsuku ezingu-17 zokufakelwa ukushisa, ukushisa okuvamile kufanele kugcinwe ku-+37.5 ° C.

Okulandelayo yizimo ezidingekayo zokushisa ezinhlobonhlobo zezinkukhu:

  • ubambe ukushisa amaqanda inkukhu - + 38-39 ° С, inkomba edingekayo ezinsukwini zamuva - +37.6 ° С;
  • sibone ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuguga amaqanda amadada - +37.8 ° С, ezinsukwini zokugcina - +37.1 ° С;
  • lokushisa oyifunayo ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuguga amaqanda ehansi - +38.4 ° С, ezinsukwini zokugcina - +37.4 ° С;
  • isilinganiso esidingekayo ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuguga amaqanda e-turkey - +37.6 ° С, inkomba ezinsukwini zamuva - +37.1 ° С.

Umswakama kufanele futhi ushintshe. Faka isilawuli somswakama futhi uqiniseke ukuthi kuze kube yilapho umtshingo wokukhomba umswakama ekamelweni wawungama-40-60%, futhi phakathi kwe-naklev kanye ne-hatching mzuzu yamatshontshi kwagcinwa ngo-80%.

Futhi nje ngaphambi kokusampula, inkomba yomswakama kumele ihlehliswe futhi ku-55-60%.

Indlela yokunquma usayizi ophelele we-incubator

Ubukhulu bendawo "yokwakha indawo" yokufakelwa kufanele kubalwe kusengaphambili. Ukukhethwa kwezilinganiso kuncike ekutheni umkhiqizo wokukhiqiza ohloswe ngawo, kanye nenani lamaqanda abekwe ekamelweni ngesikhathi.

Imishini ephakathi nendawo (ubude - 45-47 cm, ububanzi - 30-40 cm) ingakwazi ukufaka inombolo elandelayo (cishe) yamaqanda:

  • Inkukhu - izingcezu ezingu-70;
  • duck (turkey) - izingcezu ezingu-55;
  • ihansi - izicucu ezingu-40;
  • izigwaca - izingcezu ezingu-200.

Ngaphezu kwalokhu okungenhla, ubukhulu bezinto ezithintekayo kuthonywa uhlobo lokushisa kanye nesimo sokulungisa izibani zokushisa. Izinto okulindeleke kuzo ukwakha i-incubator nazo zibalulekile - uma amakamelo anesimo esifanayo, imodeli ye-Foam izoba ngaphezulu kakhulu kune-cardboard version.

Uyazi? Ngezinye izikhathi izinkukhu zibeka amaqanda ngaphandle kwezikhupha.

Imodeli ngokuzenzakalelayo yesiqandisisi

Icala lesibili lesandla lesiqandisini siphelele ekudaleni "indawo yokukhiya" ekhaya. Isikhala sangaphakathi sesiqandisini sigcina izinga lokushisa elibekiwe. Enye inhlanganisela yilezi zigaba kanye namashalofu ezinsimbi zasendlini zingasetshenziswa kalula ngaphansi kwamatayipi amaqanda.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ivolumu yangaphakathi yanele ngokwanele ukufakwa engxenyeni engezansi yomshuwalense wokushintshaniswa kwamanzi, okuzovumela ukulawula umswakama.

Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nomhlangano osheshayo we "hen" wokufakelwa ngesisekelo sesiqandisisi, ake sihlale emaphuzu abalulekile.

Ngokweziphakamiso ezinikezwe ezingxenyeni zangaphambilini zalesi sihloko, khetha bese ufaka uhlelo lokushisa, kanye ne-thermostat.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqinisekisa ukuphuza umoya endaweni ephansi futhi phansi komkhiqizo ngazo zonke izindlela, yenza izimbobo. Ukuze uvimbele umoya ukungena ngaphakathi kwesikhumba se-fiberglass ngaphansi kwesikhumba, faka amapulasitiki epulasitiki noma ensimbi okulingana nobukhulu obufanele.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nendlela yokwenza i-incubator kusuka esiqandisini ngezandla zakho.

Umsebenzi ojwayelekile wokuguqula i-tray ngamaqanda kulo mklamo wenziwa ngendlela ekhethekile, ehlanganiswa kanje:

  1. Beka ibhokisi legiya phansi kweqandisini.
  2. Bese ubeka ifreyimu eyenziwe ngamapulangwe azobamba ama-trays. Banike ngendlela efana nokuqinisekisa ukukhishwa kwamatayipi ngama-degree angama-60 ekuqondeni komnyango kanye nomthamo ofanayo ohlangothini oluhlukile. Ibhokisi legiyari kufanele liqiniseke ngokuqinile.
  3. Namathisela isiqu esitimeleni nge-tray yamaqanda ngakolunye uhlangothi lwesithuthuthu.

Indlela yokwenza i-incubator yasekhaya kusuka esiqandisini esidala: ividiyo

Manje ungaya ekulungisweni ngokushesha kwe-incubator:

  • Ukushayela amaphutha amaningana we-wiring kagesi kanye nokudlula okulodwa ukuze kusetshenziswe uhlelo lokungena umoya egumbini elingenhla lesiqandisini.
  • Shayela okungenani ama-spans amathathu ka-1.5 cm phansi kwecala.
  • Qedela izindonga zangaphakathi nge-foam.
  • Khona-ke udinga ukuguqula amashalofu asele amadayipi amaqanda.
  • Kusuka ngaphandle kwesiqandisisi, faka i-thermostat, futhi ngaphakathi ungalungise inzwa.
Funda ukuthi ungakhetha kanjani i-thermostat ye-incubator, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungenza i-thermostat ngezandla zakho.
  • Faka i-pair of abalandeli abancane eduze kwezibani phezulu kwekhamera.
  • Sika ukuvula okuncane emnyango, ukuwufaka uphawu nge-plastic transparent. Lokhu kuzoba iwindi lokubuka.

Isibonelo se-foam esenzekelayo

I-polystyrene enwetshiwe ibhekwa njengenye yezinto ezihamba phambili ngokwezinto ezilula ze-assembly of "hen" eyenziwe ngokwabo. Le ndaba ayithandwa hhayi kuphela ngenxa yokukwazi ukukwazi ukukwazi ukuyikhokhela, kodwa futhi ngenxa yokuthi ikhono layo lokuzivikela elihle kakhulu. Abaningi nabo bakhangwa isisindo sokukhanya se-polystyrene esandisiwe nokulula kokusebenza nayo.

I-Incubator evela ku-polyfoam yokukhiqizwa kwayo: ividiyo

Imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo:

  1. Ishidi le-foam lizohlukaniswa zibe izingcezu ezine ezilinganayo; zizosetshenziselwa ukuphakamisa izindonga eziseceleni zesakhiwo.
  2. Esinye ishidi sibe izingxenye ezimbili ezilinganayo. Sika esinye sazo zibe yizicucu ezimbili ukuze owokuqala ube ngu-60 cm ububanzi futhi owesibili ube ngu-40 cm. Isampula esinesayizi ka-50x40 cm sizosetshenziselwa phansi ekamelweni, futhi ucezu nosayizi we-50x60 cm luyoba yisembozo sayo.
  3. Sika isikhala esingu-12x12 cm esikhwameni esizayo bese usifaka nge-plastic transparent - lokhu kuzoba iwindi lokubuka elizayo.
  4. Kusukela eziqhekezaneni ezifanayo ezitholakale ngemuva kokucubungula ishidi lokuqala, gcoba uhlaka olusekelayo.
  5. Okulandelayo, lungisa phansi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa i-glue emaphethelweni wephepha leshidi lama-50x40 bese ufaka ngokucophelela ishidi kuhlaka.
  6. Ngemuva kokuhlanganisa ibhokisi, qhubeka nokugaya umzimba ngokucophelela, ngenxa yokuthi isakhiwo siyothola amandla.
  7. Sika imigoqo emibili ye-polystyrene elinganayo (6x4 cm ngamunye). Khiya imilenze ngaphakathi ekamelweni phansi phansi ezindongeni ezide.
  8. Ezindongeni ezincane (ubude obungu-40 cm) ekuphakameni kwe-1 cm kusukela phansi kwesakhiwo, yenza amaphasi amathathu ngokuphakama kwe-1.2 cm ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba komoya. Ibanga phakathi kwama-aisles kufanele libe okufanayo. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukushisa zonke izimbobo nge-soldering iron.
  9. Ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi isembozo siboshwe ngokuqinile esakhiweni, faka imigoqo yepulasitiki (fox 2x2 noma 3x3 cm) eceleni kwemiphetho yesembozo. Futhi ukuze imigoqo ingene ngokunembile idivaysi, ibanga eliphakathi kwabo nongqenqemeni leshidi kufanele lihambisane no-5 cm.
  10. Okulandelayo, ngaphandle kwekhava, faka abanikazi bebani. Yenza kube ngokungavamile.
  11. Vala i-thermostat ngaphandle kwekhava. Futhi ufake inzwa yayo ngaphakathi kwe-incubator ekuphakameni kwe-1 cm kusuka ezingeni lamaqanda.
  12. Uma ulungisa i-tray ngamaqanda, qiniseka ukuthi igebe eliphakathi kwereyi namadonga ekamera liyi-4-5 cm. Lokhu kudingeke ukuthi kuqinisekiswe ukujikelezwa komoya okuhle.

Kubalulekile! Ukugcina imfudumalo isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka endaweni "yokukhiya indawo" eyenziwe ekhaya, glue zonke izindonga ngaphakathi ngefestile yokuvimba.

Isibonelo ebhokisini

I-cardboard box incubator yiyona eshibhile kakhulu kuzo zonke izinketho ezinikezwe amakhasimende asekhaya, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo kunesibindi kakhulu. Imodeli ilula kakhulu - ngeke kuthathe amahora angaphezu kwama-2-3 ukuhlanganisa umkhiqizo. Ukukhiqizwa komodeli wekhadibhodi ngezindlela eziningi kufana nokukhiqizwa kwe-analogue ye-polystyrene eyandisiwe.

I-incubator ebhokisini lekhadibhodi yenze ngokwakho: ividiyo

Ukulandelana kwezenzo:

  1. Thola ibhokisi elilinganiselwe elingaphakathi elingavumelekile endlini (isibonelo, ubude - 56 cm, ububanzi - 47 cm, ukuphakama - 58 cm). Ngaphakathi, ngobumnene glue ibhokisi nge uzizwe noma izingqimba eziningana iphepha.
  2. Yenza ebhokisini imigudu embalwa ye-wiring. Ukusuka ngaphakathi, lungisa ama-bulb amathathu (ama-25 watts ngamunye). Vala izikhala ezisele ngoboya bekotini. Ama-bulb kufanele abekwe ku-15 cm ngaphezulu kwezinga lezinyosi elibekiwe.
  3. Nikeza izinhlelo zokuphumula. Ukwenza lokhu, yenza ezindongeni zebhokisi izimbobo ezincane ezimbalwa.
  4. Sika iwindi lokubukeka edongeni elingenhla (ubukhulu obulinganiselwe - 12x10 cm). Ngalesi swindi ungagcina ithrekhi yento yonke eyenzeka ngaphakathi "kokufakelwa" okufakelwayo. Ungakhohlwa ukuvala ifasitela nge-plastic ebonakalayo.
  5. Hlanganisa ngokweqile ekwakhiweni kwamatayipi amapulangwe amaqanda, ukuqinisa izinsika, okuzobekwa amathrekhi, kanye nomnyango.
  6. Ngaphakathi kwe-incubator, faka i-thermostat ukulawula ukushisa. Futhi ukugcina umswakama omuhle phansi ekamelweni ukulungisa umkhumbi ngamanzi.

Kubalulekile! Ikhadibhodi "hen" ayithandeki ukubeka phansi. Ukuze uqinisekise ukujikelezwa komoya wemvelo, kungcono ukufaka umkhiqizo ngezinsimbi zamapulangwe kuze kube ngu-20 cm usayizi.

Manje uyazi ukuthi ungahlomisa kanjani i-incubator yeqanda wena. Lokhu akuyona inqubo echitha isikhathi esiningi, kodwa ngaphambi kokufakwa kunconywa ukuba basebenze kanzima kule phrojekthi ukuze bangaphuthelwa ama-nuances angase avele ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza.