I-anyanisi "I-Baron Ebomvu" idume ngokunambitheka kwayo okuhle, kanye nokuvunwa okuphezulu. Lezi zici zenze ukuthi izinhlobonhlobo zisakaze kabanzi phakathi kwezakhamuzi zasehlobo zasekhaya, futhi zanikela ekutshaleni izitshalo ezikhethekile. Kodwa-ke, izinhlobonhlobo ze-anyanisi obomvu akulula ukukhula esiqhingini sabo, njengoba ukulima kwabo kuhilela izinqubo eziningi eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-agronomic. Kulesi sihloko sizobheka ngokuningiliziwe ngezigaba eziyinhloko kanye nokuqaphela okuyinhloko kokulima kwe "Red Baron", futhi sizochaza imigomo eyisisekelo yokutshala ama-al in yemifino yanamuhla.
Incazelo ehlukahlukene
"I-Baron Ebomvu" iyinhlobo ehlukahlukene yezolimo ezisezizukulwaneni zokuqala zesizukulwane (F1). Lokhu kusho ukuthi lesi sitshalo sasibhuqwa ngokunqamula ngokuqondile imigqa emibili yabazali ehlanzekile yezinhlobonhlobo ezinobuthi obomvu. Njengamanye amalunga omndeni we-anyanisi (Allium), Umndeni wamabhulebhu (Alliaceae), lokhu kuhloswe kungokwezihlahla ezingapheli, kodwa ekukhiqizweni kwezolimo umjikelezo ogcwele wokuphila wesitshalo awukho izinyanga ezingu-12.
Uyazi? Ama-anyanisi asetshenziswe ngentshiseko ngumuntu kusukela esikhathini esidala. Ukukhulunywa kokuqala kokutshala kwalesi sitshalo kutholakala emasikweni aseGibhithe lasendulo, eqala emuva ku-III yeminyaka eyi-BC. i-er
Amaqabunga anezinhlobonhlobo zama-tubular, aluhlaza noma aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Njengazo zonke izinhlobo zezilwane, lesi sitshalo sibonakala nge-bulb - ingxenye eguquliwe yehlumela, ekhonza njengelondolozi lokugcina amanzi nezakhi. Iqukethe ungqimba lwezingqimba ezinomsoco, ezigcwele ifilimu encane, eyomile. 
Ama-bulb atholakala kwinqubo ebizwa nge-bottom - efinyelelwe (engekho ngaphezu kwe-1-2 cm ubude). Ekujuleni kweDonets, ngemuva kokuklanywa kwe-polynomial yezilinganiso ze-bulbous, amafihlethi afihliwe, okungaholela ekuphileni kwezindodakazi zendodakazi. Uhlelo lwe-anyanisi luyi-fibrous, luqukethe izinqubo eziningi ezimpandeni.
Thola ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobonhlobo ze anyanisi nokuthi yiziphi izici ze-anyanisi ezikhulayo ensimini.
Phakathi nenkathi ekhulayo esebenzayo umcibisholo wembali ungabonakala esihlahleni, okufinyelela ekuphakameni okungaba ngu-1 m. Umcibisholo uphuphukile futhi ungenalutho, engxenyeni engenhla i-inflorescence yombulunga eningi multicolor. Izimbali ze-inflorescence zitholakala ezinhlakeni ezihlangene. Ayibonakaliswa yizinqwaba ze-shades, ngakho-ke izimbali ngokuvamile ziyiqhwa elimhlophe noma elihlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Izinhlobo ze-Perianth nazo zihlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ziqukethe amaqabunga angu-6 futhi ububanzi abufinyelele ngaphezu kuka-1 cm. Isihlahla sitshala phakathi nengxenye yokuqala yehlobo (ekupheleni kukaJuni - ekuqaleni kukaJulayi). Ngemuva kokucubungula umcibisholo, izithelo zokubhoboza ibhokisi, eziqukethe imbewu encane encane. 
Unayo "i-Red Baron" nezici zayo ezihlukile ezisiza lesi sitshalo ukuthi sivelele ngokucacile ngokulandelana kwezinhlobo ezihlobene. Okokuqala, lezi zihlanganisa:
- umthunzi obomvu obomvu obomvu wama-bulb;
- ukwanda kwe-bulb (ngo-10-20% ngokuphathelene nezinhlobo ezihlobene);
- uhlelo lwempande olunwetshiwe nolwandiswa kakhulu;
- ukungathobeki emibhalweni yomhlabathi nokumelana nesomiso;
- ukukhula okugxilwe kuzo zonke izinhlobo ze-phytoncides, ama-microelements, amavithamini, i-flavonoids, i-ascorbic acid nezinye izinhlanganisela.
- isivuno esikhulu;
- i-universality yesithelo;
- ukumelana ne-fusarium, izimpande zokubola kanye ne-peronospora;
- ukunambitheka okuthuthukile kwama-amp;
- ikhono lokuthela izithelo cishe noma yiziphi izimo zezulu;
- ama-bul abukeka obuhle kakhulu futhi abukeka kahle;
- isivuno esikhulu isivuno.
Zijwayeze ngezinto eziwusizo ze-anyanisi kanye nezindlela zokupheka ekusetshenzisweni kwayo emithi yokwelapha.
Izinkinga zale anyanisi cishe azikho. Ukuziphendulela kwayo kuphela ukuphakama okukhulu phakathi kwezakhamuzi zasehlobo zamazwe e-CIS ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sokutshala okusebenzayo kunzima ukuthola nokuthola inani elidingekile lokutshala impahla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, mayelana nohlobo oluphezulu lwezithelo, izinhlamvu kanye namaqoqo we "Red Baron" nawo ahluke ngentengo ephakeme kakhulu.
Uyazi? E-Russia, anyanisi basebenziselwe ukulwa nezifo ezihlukahlukene (isifo sofuba, isifo sekholera). Kuleli qembu elinama-hung libhekene namagcekeni esakhiwo. Kwakucatshangwa ukuthi lesi simiso sisiza ukuhlanza ngokuphelele futhi ukuyibulala imithi emoyeni kunoma yiziphi izifo.
Izimpawu ze-anyanisi nokukhiqiza
"I-Baron Ebomvu" ibonakala ngokuvuthwa okuphakathi, ngakho-ke ingasetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwemifino enhle kokubili ezikhungweni zasehlobo zangasese nangezinhloso zezimboni. Endaweni yesimo sezulu esifudumele, ukuvunwa kwenziwa izinsuku ezingu-90 ngemuva kokutshala. Le anyanisi nayo ihlukaniswa nokuvunwa okuphezulu. Izitshalo ezivamile ezihlukahlukene ziyi-2.5-3 kg nge-1 sq. Km. m (cishe amathani angu-30 ngehora elilodwa). Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izimo ezikhulayo, izithelo zibhekene nezakhiwo eziphambili nezinambitheka, zifanele ukusetshenziswa kokubili efomini eluhlaza kanye nazo zonke izinhlobo zokucubungula kwamakholishi, kuhlanganise nokulondolozwa. 
Izinhlamvu zamagama:
- Isisindo sesilinganiso - 20-30 g;
- ukuma - nxazonke, oblate kancane;
- i-juiciness - ephezulu;
- ukunambitheka - okumnandi, okukodwa-okubukhali, ngokufutheka okuncane;
- inani levithamini C - kufika ku-6.2 mg / 100 g;
- ukuthutha - ukuphakama.
Ukuze ube namakhambi amasha okwenziwa kuwo wonke unyaka wonke, sikukwazisa ukuthi uzijwayele ngamasu okutshala anyanisi aluhlaza efasiteleni.
Ukukhethwa kwezinto zokutshala
Into yokuqala ukuqala ngokutshala u-anyanisi ukukhetha imbewu yekhwalithi. Ngokwesiko, lesi sitshalo sanda ngezindlela ezimbili, ngosizo lwembewu ne-sevkah. Ngokuvamile u-anyanisi akhuliswa ngokutshala ngqo izithombo emhlabathini ovulekile. Ukudayiswa kwezinto zokutshala kuvame ukuqala maphakathi noFebruwari. Ngalesi sikhathi, ungathenga cishe noma yikuphi inani lokutshala izinto kuzo zonke izinhlobo zama-bulb ezaziwayo, ngakho-ke abalimi abaningi bayakwazi ukufaka isikhathi sonyaka phakathi nonyaka odlule wonyaka.
Kubalulekile! Imbewu kanye nokutshala kufanele kuthengwe kusengaphambili, ngoba ngesikhathi esiphakeme (isigamu sesibili sikaMashi) kunamathuba aphezulu okungawutholi inani elidingekayo lezinto zokuhlwanyela imbewu.
Kunezinhlobo ezilandelayo ze-sevka:
- ingxenyana ka-31-40 mm - ama-bulb amakhulu asetshenziselwa ukutshala. Iningi labo batshalwe ukukhiqiza imifino ye-anyanisi;
- ingxenyana engu-21-30 mm - impahla esetshenziselwa ukufika kwebusika obuncane kanye kuphela nobukhulu obuluhlaza ekwindla konyaka. Akunconywa ukutshala umnsalo onjalo entwasahlobo, ngoba kaningi kunika inani elikhulu lemicibisholo;
- ingxenyana engu-15-20 mm - isayizi esithandwayo kakhulu sokutshala izinto, sisetshenziselwa kokubili ukuthola u-anyanisi ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kanye ne-bulb yezithelo ezikhulayo. I-sevka enjalo igcinwe ngokuphelele, ayinayo umcibisholo futhi ihlukaniswe ngokusebenza okuphezulu;
- ingxenyana yama-8-14 mm - amancane anyanisi, asetshenziselwa kokubili imifino kanye nama-bulb. I-sevok enjalo ayikudubuli, kodwa ngokuvamile ikhululeka.
Ngemuva kokuthi unqume ingxenye engadingeki ye-sev, kubalulekile ukubheka isimo jikelele se-anyanisi. Ikhwalithi nekhono lokutshala elifanelekayo kumele lihlangabezane nalezi zidingo ezilandelayo:
- umbala ofanelwe;
- ukungabi nanoma yiziphi izinsalela, isikhunta nokulimala;
- isakhiwo esinomsoco nesokunwetshiwe samathambo (palpation);
- ubuso obomile.
Ukuze uzivikele emazwini we-anyanisi aphansi, udinga futhi ukunaka emaphaketheni. Kufanele ikhombise umkhiqizi, ezihlukahlukene, izimo zokugcina kanye nomhla wokugcina wokusetshenziswa kwezinto zokutshala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe kwisitoreji sokugcina isitoreji sokugcina. Ama-bulb kufanele afakwe endaweni eyomile neyomoya, ngokushisa kwe-+ 10 ... +15 ° C kanye nomswakama wesihlobo ka-70-75%.
Zijwayele ukuzilimala nge-Chinese anyanisi ukulima.
Njengoba isitoreji sesikhathi eside, ama-anyanisi angathuthelwa esiqandisini, kodwa kulokhu, izinguquko ngokuzumayo ekushiseni akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele.
Izinto zokutshala kumele kancane kancane zijwayele ukushisa okuphansi kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, njengoba amaconsi okuzumayo (okungaphezu kwe-1-2 ° C ngosuku) angathinta kakhulu ukusebenza kwawo.
Kubalulekile! Izidingo ze-sevok ezidingekayo zokomiswa ekamelweni lokushisa ngezinsuku ezimbalwa, lizolivikela ekungcoleni okungenzeka yi-fungus ye-pathogenic esikhathini esizayo.
Uma kufanele ukhule anyanisi kusuka kumbewu, udinga ukuthenga ukuthenga imbewu ngaphandle kokunakekelwa okuncane. Into yokuqala okufanele uyiqaphele usuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi. Imbewu ye-anyanisi ephakeme kakhulu ezimweni ezinhle (izinga lokushisa + 15 ... +20 ° С, umswakama ohambisanayo - cishe u-70%) agcinwa okungaphezu kweminyaka engu-2-3.
Futhi, qiniseka ukuthi unake ukubhaliswa kwephakheji, kufanele isetshenziswe kuwo wonke ulwazi olufanele (ukuhlukahluka, isikhathi nemibandela yokugcina, umkhiqizi, izici zembewu, izinhlobo, njll). 
Ukunaka okukhethekile kufanele kuhokhwe endaweni yokuthenga. Akunconywa ukuthenga imbewu yezandla ze-siz noma ezimakethe ezizenzekelayo, ngoba kunamathuba aphezulu okuthola izinto ezincane zekhwalithi noma inkohliso ngokuphelele.
Zijwayele ngezici ezikhethekile zokukhuphula ezinye izinhlobo zama-anyanisi: shallot, shnitt, leek, slizun, batun, multi-tiered.
Isici esibalulekile lapho ukhetha inzalo ngumkhiqizi. Kungcono ukuthenga inzalo kubakhiqizi abahloniphekile nabanakekelwayo, njengamanje amabhizinisi amancane awaziwayo angayinaki imithetho ejwayelekile yokugcina ukuhlanzeka kwezinhlobonhlobo (kubandakanya abakhiqizi bangaphandle). Imbewu etholakalayo kufanele ihlolwe ukuhluma. Ukuze wenze lokhu, thatha isitsha encane ngevolumu ye-50-100 ml, ubeke iphepha eliphansi lokuhlunga noma ucezu oluncane lwe-gauze. Khona-ke ngaphezulu kwesendlalelo se-gauze noma iphepha, udinga ukufaka imbewu engu-10, bese uyihambisa ngamanzi amancane bese ufaka endaweni efudumele izinsuku ezingu-7-10.
Ekupheleni kwenqubo, inani lembewu ehlwanyelwe libalwa. Ngesisekelo se-data etholakalayo, amaphesenti okuhluma azimisele, okumele kube okungenani ama-50% (imbewu emihlanu kwayishumi yanikeza ihlumela eligcwele), ngaphandle kwalokho imbewu inqatshiwe.
Izimo ezikhulayo
U-anyanisi uvame ukuvela ezitshalweni ezingenakuzithoba, ngakho-ke lezi zinhlobo zezolimo zizobeletha cishe yonke indawo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiziphi izimo zesimo sezulu esifundeni. Umbuso wokushisa omuhle walesi sitshalo ungaphakathi + 12 ... +16 ° С, noma kunjalo, ukunyuka kwesikhashana kuya ku-25 ... +35 ° С kuyingozi kumzimba wesitshalo. Ama-anyanisi nawo aphikisana nokubandayo, lezi zithelo ziyakwazi ukumelana ngokuphumelelayo ngempumelelo lokushisa kwentwasahlobo yehla ku- -1 ... -3 ° С.
Ama-anyanisi - isitshalo esinomswakama ngempela, ikakhulukazi engxenyeni yokuqala yenkathi ekhulayo phakathi nokukhula okukhulayo kobumnyama obuhlaza. 
Ngakho-ke, lesi sitshalo sidinga ukuchelela nsuku zonke okudingekayo kuze kube yilapho kuhlanganiswa okugcwele izingxenye zomhlaba. Emva kwalokho, ukuchelela kunciphile, ngoba ukubunjwa okusebenzayo kwe-bulb egcwele, isitshalo sidinga ikhasi elincane elomile emhlabathini ngamasentimitha ambalwa ubukhulu. 3-4 amasonto ngaphambi kokuvuna, ukuchelela kufanele kumeke ngokuphelele, kuzosiza ukwandisa usayizi nesisindo esiphelele sama-bulb.
Ezihlukahlukene ezifuna kakhulu endaweni yokulima. Lesi sitshalo sidinga izindawo ezivulekile, ezikhanyisiwe, kude nanoma yiziphi izimila ezide, kodwa njalo zihamba ngokuzithoba. Amanzi angaphansi komhlaba endaweni enjalo kufanele alalele ekujuleni okukhulu, ngaphandle kwalokho kungabangela umonakalo we-putrefactive kuma-bulbs.
Umhlabathi nomanyolo
Njengazo zonke anyanisi, i-Red Baron isabela kahle enhlabathini ecebile futhi ehlwanyelwe kahle nge-pH engekho hlangothi noma encane (6.5-7.9). Izitshalo eziphakeme kakhulu zibhekwa emhlabathini owodwa ogcwele umquba, onomuthi okwanele wama-humus. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi ukhule izivuno ezicebile ezindaweni zempofu. Kulesi simo, kuyadingeka ukuthi kusetshenziselwe ukucebisa inhlabathi ngemifuno ephilayo.
Kubalulekile! Ama-anyanisi akufanele akhule emhlabathini owunzima, ngoba inhlabathi enjalo ivame ukudala ukuqina okunamandla nokuhlala isikhathi eside, okuyinto ngezinye izikhathi kunciphisa ukuhluma kwezitshalo.
Ukuze ukhule anyanisi ngempumelelo ensimini, inhlabathi idinga umanyolo owengeziwe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, imitha ngayinye yesigcawu yamasimu okuzayo kudingeka wenze mayelana namabhakede amabili we-peat, umquba noma umquba obolile, kanye no-1 tbsp. isipuni (15-20 g) i-superphosphate kabili ne-potassium chloride, emva kwalokho konke okumbayo ngokucophelela. I-Peat kanye ne-compost ingafakwa esikhundleni somquba wezinkukhu (0.2 kg / m2) noma uhlaka lwamapulangwe (0.5 kg / m2). 
Ukutshala umhlabathi omuncu omusha ngaphansi komnsalo akufanelekile, njengoba kungabangela izifo ze-fungal zezitshalo, kanye nokusakazeka okusebenzayo kwembewu yokhula nezinye izinambuzane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kudingekile ukuvikela u-anyanisi nokusuka ku-nitrogen (nitrate, urea, njll), njengoba kuqinisa ukukhula okusebenzayo kohlobo oluhlaza okwesitshalo, hhayi ama-bulbs.
Ukuqaphela okukhethekile kufanele kuhokhwe kumuntu owandulele we-anyanisi. Lesi sitshalo sivunwa kahle emva kwezinhlobo ezidinga inani elikhulu lomanyolo ophilayo. Lezi zihlanganisa: iklabishi, ithanga, i-zucchini, ikhukhamba, utamatisi, amazambane asekuqaleni kanye nemifino. Akusiluleka ukutshala isitshalo emva kwezithelo izitshalo ezifana garlic, izaqathe, radishes kanye isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi. Kungcono ukuhlakulela lolu hlobo lwezinhlobo zezitshalo zonyaka we-3-5 weminyaka yokujikeleza kwezitshalo, okungafaki ukutshala "i-Red Baron" ukuthi isakhiwo esisodwa nesinye sivame ukwedlula isikhathi esisodwa eminyakeni engu-3-5. 
Uma utshaya anyanisi e-summer cottage, kufanele futhi unake omakhelwane ensimini: isiko elihle kunazo zonke lihambisana neklabishi, iparsley, beetroot, izaqathe, isipinashi, ulethisi, utamatisi. Gwema indawo ye-anyanisi enezithelo zezithelo nezihlahla, kanye nama-peas nobhontshisi. Uma kungenjalo, kuyoba nomthelela omubi ubungakanani kanye nekhwalithi yesitshalo.
Uyazi? Naphezu kokuthi u-anyanisi uyisamukeli esimemezelayo, isiko ngokwawo singesinye sezibikezelo ezinhle kakhulu kuzo zonke izitshalo ezitshalwe.
Ukukhula kusuka imbewu kuya izithombo ekhaya
Ukuhluma kwembewu yezithombo kungenye yezindlela ezivame kakhulu zokuthola izitshalo ezingagqugquzeli futhi ezikwazi ukunikeza izithelo eziphakeme futhi eziphezulu. Kodwa-ke, lapho imbewu ehlumayo yabalimi abavuthiwe ngokuqinisekile bayobhekana nezinkinga eziningi ezivela izici zomzimba zesitshalo. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nokuhluma kwembewu ye-Red Baron, kudingekile ukuba ujwayele ubuqili obuyinhloko bale nqubo.
Ukulungiselela imbewu
Imbewu ye-anyanisi ihlukaniswa izinga lokuhluma elincane kakhulu, ngakho-ke, inqubo yokulungiselela kuqala imbewu kufanele ilandele ukuhluma kwembewu. Esinye sezigaba eziyinhloko zale nqubo ukukhipha izinhlanzi ezivela ezinhlobonhlobo zama-microorganisms nama-fungal spores. Ngenxa yalokhu, imbewu isetshenziselwa isixazululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate (1 g we-powder / l yamanzi ahlanzekile) imizuzu engu-45 noma isisombululo se-70% sotshwala emaminithini angu-10-15, bese ugeza ngamanzi abilisiwe. 
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukukhula kwembewu, kutuswa ukuba kusetshenziswe ama-biostimulants asekelwe ezingxenyeni zemvelo. Isixazululo esihle kunazo zonke kulezi zinhloso i-Epin, lapho imbewu iminywe ngamahora angu-18-20, kodwa ungasebenzisa noma yiziphi ezinye izifaniso ozikhethayo. Ngemuva kokucubungula, impahla yenzalo isomile ngokwemvelo kuze kube yindawo ekhungathekayo yezinsuku ezingu-1-2.
Okuqukethwe nendawo
Ngemva kokwelashwa kwangaphambi kokunakekelwa, imbewu ikulungele ukuhluma. Zakhula izithombo emagumbini afudumele futhi aphakeme kakhulu enyangeni yendlu, kude nemikhakha ebukhali kanye namaconsi okushisa, ebangeni lokungenani amamitha amabili ukusuka efasiteleni nasemnyango. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa amakhasethi amancane engadini noma izitsha ezivamile eziphakeme ngo-8-10 cm. Uma engekho, ungasebenzisa ezinye iziqukathi ezitholakalayo epulazini, kuze kufinyelele ezindebe ezivamile zeplastiki. 
Ngokuvamile noma yikuphi okwenziwe ngomumo esitolo esiseduzane esitolo esiseduzane kuyoba kufanelekile ukuhluma u-anyanisi. Kodwa ukuze udale izimo ezikhululekile kakhulu zokuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo, inhlabathi ilungele ngokuzimela. Ukuze wenze lokhu, hlanganisa umquba, inhlabathi ye-peat kanye nensimu ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo.Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi imvelaphi yenhlabathi, kufanele iphathwe ngokumelene nazo zonke izinhlobo zefungi - izinambuzane eziyinhloko zezithombo. Ngalesi sizathu, izifungicide eziyinkimbinkimbi ziyafakwa emhlabathini.
Inqubo yokutshala imbewu
Imbewu ihlwanyelwa izinsuku ezingu-40-45 ngaphambi kosuku oluhlongozwayo lokufakelwa kwe-anyanisi emhlabathini ovulekile. Esikhathini esivuthayo, lesi sikhathi siphelela ekupheleni kukaMashi - ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli. Ukuhlwanyela kwenziwa ngomugqa noma indlela yokubopha kahle, ongakhetha kuyo. Ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyela kahle, izimbobo ezincane ezikhungathekile ezinama-1 cm ezijulile zenziwa enhlabathini, kude no-3-5 cm kusuka komunye nomunye. 
Uma ugijimela ezinkomeni zezitshalo, imigqa efana no-1 cm ekujuleni iyakunqunywa ebangeni lika-4-5 cm komunye nomunye. Ukuze kube lula, imigqa ibhalwe ngokufana nohlangothi olude lwebhodlela, okuqhubekayo kusiza ukunakekela izithombo. Ibanga eliphakathi kwembewu ngayinye elandelana kufanele libe ngaphansi kuka-3 cm; ngaphandle kwalokho, ukuhlwanyela okukhuni kungabangela ukuvimbela okuvamile kokukhula kwezitshalo. 
Ukuhlwanyela kwembewu elungiselelwe kwenziwa ngosizo lwezinhlanzi noma izinti ezincane. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukusabalalisa ngokunembile imbewu phezu kwendawo yonke yomhlabathi. Ngemuva kokuba kugcwaliswe imbewu yazo zonke izimbobo, zihlanganiswe ngendwangu yomhlabathi ka-1 cm futhi ziphuza kakhulu. Ukuze izithombo zikhule ngendlela efanele, kubalulekile ukudala umswakama okudingekayo kanye nemibandela yokushisa ye-anyanisi. Ngenxa yalokhu, izitsha zokuhlwanyela zihlanganiswa nefilimu ebonakalayo ebonakalayo yeplastiki. 
Ezimweni ezinjalo, kudalwa umphumela wendawo yokushisa okusetshenziselwa ukushisa, okuthinta kahle ukutholakala kwezinto zembewu, ngakho zingakapheli izinsuku ezingu-15-20 ungathola izitshalo ezigcwele.
Uyazi? I-China ibhekwa njengomholi ophelele ekukhiqizeni anyanisi. Amathani angama-20 000 ale mifino akhule kuleli zwe njalo ngonyaka.
Ukunakekelwa kwesithombo
Ngaphambi kokuvela kwemibuthano yokuqala, iziqukathi ezitshalwe nge anyanisi zigcinwa ekushiseni kwama-20 ... +25 ° С. Ezimweni ezinjalo, izitshalo azidingi ukunakekelwa ngokukhathazeka, kulesi sigaba kuphela ukuchelela ngezikhathi ezithile zenhlabathi kwenziwa. Cishe amasonto amathathu emva kokuhlwanyela, izihlumela ezigcwele ngokugcwele zezithombo zesikhathi esizayo zivela. Kulesi sigaba, kuyadingeka ukususa ifilimu kusuka ezigodini bese ubathuthela endaweni epholile, kodwa indawo enelanga enezinga lokushisa cishe + 16 ... + 20 ° С. Uma kungenjalo, izithombo zizokhishwa ngokweqile phezulu, okuzoholela ekukhuleni kwayo. 
Ukunisela izitshalo ezincane kwenziwa njengoba kudingekile, emva kokuba ikhasi elincane elomile livela emhlabathini. Izithombo zidinga ukunisela okunene, ngaphandle kwalokho ukunqwabelana komswakama kungabangela ukufa kwayo. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukukhula kwe-anyanisi, izitshalo zondliwa ngokwengeziwe ngamanyolo amaminerali anzima.
Ukwenza lokhu, qhafaza ku 1 l amanzi:
- superphosphate - 2 g;
- i-potassium chloride - 0.5 g;
- urea - 1 g
Isonto ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo emhlabathini ovulekile, izitshalo zivaliwe. Lesi silinganiso senza kube lula ukuba sizilungiselele kangcono ukukhula ezimweni zemvelo, kanye nokunciphisa ukufa kwe-anyanisi abancane. Ukwenza lokhu, kulo lonke isonto, iziqukathi ezinezitshalo zigcinwa nsuku zonke emoyeni ovulekile. Ngokokuqala ngqa, izithombo zikhishwa emgwaqweni osondela emini, amahora angu-3-4. Khona-ke zonke izinsuku lesi sikhathi sesikhathi siphindwe kabili, kuze kufike ekudluliseni okugcwele emoyeni omusha. Ngemuva kwamalanga ama-2-3 ebusuku, izithombo zilungele ukufakelwa kwesitshalo.Kubalulekile! Ngesikhathi sokucima, qiniseka ukunciphisa u-anyanisi, ukusiza izitshalo ukuba zilungiselele isomiso.
Ukutshala izithombo phansi
Ama-anyanisi amancane atshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile ekuqaleni noma phakathi kukaMeyi, ngaleso sikhathi ukuqiniswa kwesimo sezulu kubonakala, kanye nokwanda kwezinga lokushisa lansuku zonke kuya ku-10 ° C. Ngalesi sikhathi, izitshalo kumele zibe nzima, futhi zibe neminyaka efanele (okungenani izinsuku ezingu-40 emva kokuhlwanyela). Izithombo zitshalwe ngaphambi kokukhulelwa, zilima futhi zihlanzwa kusuka kunokhula nazo zonke izinhlobo zezitshalo ezitshala umhlabathi. 
Ama-anyanisi ahlwanyelwe ngendlela eqoshiwe; ngale njongo, imigqa eqinile enokuhlukaniswa kwemigqa ka-30 cm inqunywa kulo lonke isayithi. Izitshalo ezincane zitshalwe ngokucophelela emigodini ngayinye ebangeni elingama-5 cm. Kulesi simo, uhlelo lwempande alufanele lujuliswe ngaphezu kuka-1 cm, ngaphandle kwalokho luzolimaza izinga lokukhula le-anyanisi. Ngemuva kokufakelwa kabusha imibhede inisela kakhulu. Isikhathi esihle kunawo wonke sosuku lokutshala sihlwa kusihlwa kusukela ngo-17: 00 kuya ku-20: 00, ngoba kule nkathi kuphela kuyokwazi ukugwema umthelela omubi wemisebe yelanga phezu kwamahlumela abuthakathaka.
Intsha ethi "i-Red Baron" iyinhlamba encane futhi enhle kakhulu yokhula, ngakho-ke kudingeka ususe ngokucophelela izithombo ezigodini ukuze ungalimazi ihlumela lentambo kanye nempande yalo. Ngenxa yalokhu, inhlabathi iswakanyiswe ngokugcwele, kuze kube yi-glut, okufaka ekunciphiseni okuphelele okuphelele kwe-substrate. Emva kwalokhu, emaphethelweni esitsha kanye nezithombo zifakwe kancane, bese konke okusuka ebhodweni kususwa. Inhlabathi nezitshalo zihlukaniswe izingxenye ezincane, bese zifika ezindaweni ezinezitshalo.
Ukulima okuvela e-sevka emhlabathini ovulekile
Ukunyuka anyanisi kusuka izithombo kuyindlela evame kakhulu yokuzalanisa lezi zinhlobo zezolimo. Le ndlela inezinzuzo eziningi ngokuhlwanyela imbewu, enye yazo elula, elula futhi esebenza kahle. Kodwa ukuze uthole isivuno esiphakeme futhi esicebile, kubalulekile ukunamathela emithethweni ejwayelekile ye-agrotechnics uma ukhula ngama-bulbous.
Ukukhethwa kweSayithi nokulungiselelwa kwenhlabathi
Ukutshala u-anyanisi okuvela ku-sevka kuqala ngokulungiswa kokuqala kwesayithi kanye nomhlabathi wokutshala. Ngokuvamile, lesi siko sikhulile emoyeni, njengoba u-anyanisi ungenye yezinhlobo ezingenakuzithoba zezitshalo ezitshalwe. Kodwa-ke, uma uhlela ukwanda u-anyanisi ngenhlanzi kusukela entwasahlobo kuya ekwindla sekwephuzile, awukwazi ukukwenza ngaphandle kokukhosela okungeziwe. Ngalokhu, izindawo zokugcina zesikhashana ezenziwe ngefilimu ye-polyethylene ziyadalwa esakhiweni, okwenza kube lula ukwandisa ubukhulu obuluhlaza phakathi nonyaka ongenamakhaza wonyaka. 
Njengoba kukhulunywe ngenhla, umnsalo uthanda izindawo ezigcwele futhi ezikhanyayo, ngakho-ke izindawo ezivulekile ezikhanyayo zikhethiwe kulokhu kuhlwanyela, kude nezinhlobo zonke zezithiyo nezimila ezide, ezinamazinga aphantsi komhlaba. Ukulungiselela ukutshala komhlaba kuqala ekwindla. Ngalesi sikhathi, noma yiziphi izimila zisuswa kusayithi, futhi kusetshenziselwa umquba ophilayo, emva kwalokho umhlabathi uhlungwa ngokucophelela ku-25-30 cm.
Entwasahlobo kulandela isigaba esilandelayo sokulungiselela inhlabathi. Ngemuva kweqhwa eliqhakazile futhi kuqala ukushisa okukhulu, inhlabathi iphinda ihlonyelwe ukutshala, isilungiselele okokuqala nge-nitroammofoska ngesibalo esingu-15 g / 1 sq. isakhiwo. Inhlabathi eyingozi kakhulu idinga ukugqoka okwejwayelekile, ngoba lokhu, ngaphambi kokulima, i-peat, umquba noma umquba obolile usetshenziswa kwisayithi.
Ukulungiselela imbewu
Ngemuva kokuba isakhiwo selungele ukutshala, ungaqhubeka nokulungiselela ukutshala. Into yokuqala ozoqala ngayo ukukhipha ikhasi elidlulayo kusuka anyanisi, kanye nazo zonke izinhlobo zenkunkuma, bese uqeda kancane kancane ingxenye eyomile phezulu. Inqubo kufanele iqhutshwe ngokucophelela ukuze ingalimazi ihlumela. 
Ukudulela kwenza kube lula ukuhluma u-anyanisi ukuhluma, kanye nokukhulula ihlumela kusuka emkhakheni owedlulele. Ukukhipha izihlahla akuyona into edingekile yokulungiselela ukulungiselela isitshalo, kodwa le nqubo inomthelela omuhle hhayi kuphela ekuhlumeni anyanisi, kodwa nangamandla okukhula kwawo.
Ngemuva kokuhlanza nokucubungula, kubalulekile ukufudumala kahle, njengoba kubakhuthaza ekukhuleni okukhulayo, futhi kusiza ukugwema ukumaketha. Ukushisa kuqhutshwa ukushisa okomile ekushiseni okungaba ngu-30 ... +35 ° C ngamahora angu-6-7. Ukuvimbela ukufa kwezitshalo ezincane ezivela ezifweni ezihlukahlukene kanye nezilokazane ezibulala i-sevka ziyiqede imishanguzo.
Inzalo iyenziwa ngokushesha ngaphambi kokutshala. Ngenxa yalokhu, u-anyanisi ususelwe amahora angu-2 kwisisombululo se-1% se-potassium permanganate noma imizuzu engu-10-15 kwisisombululo se-vitriol eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (1 tsp / 10 l amanzi). Kuhlelo lokulima oluphilayo, ithusi le-sulphate ne-potassium permanganate ithathelwa yi-biofungicides ngokusekelwe ezingxenyeni zemvelo ("Gamair", "Planriz", "Fitosporin"). Kulesi simo, ukuhamba ngaphambi kokutshala ukuchitha okungenani amahora angu-1-2.
Seluleka ukuba uthole ukuthi iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu yokusibekela u-anyanisi ngaphambi kokutshala.
Inqubo yokutshala sevka emhlabathini
Izinto zokutshala ezilungiselelwe zihlwanyelwe ngendlela elandelanayo nge-aisle engaba ngu-20-25 cm (lokhu kuvumela ukuhambisa imibhede). Utshalwe ngokulandelana kude kube ngu-6 cm komunye nomunye. Uma ubhekene nomsebenzi wokuthola u-anyanisi amakhulu, kufanele ukhule ngo-10-12 cm. Izitshalo ze-anyanisi zitshalwe ekujuleni kwe-4-5 cm, bese zigcwele umhlabathi futhi zihlanganiswe ne-Peat 2-3 cm. Emva kokutshala, indawo ithululelwa ngamanzi amaningi. futhi ushiyelwe ekuphumuleni kuze kube khona amahlumela okuqala.
Uyazi? Ngokusho kocwaningo lwe-UN, u-anyanisi yiwo imifino ethandwa kakhulu emhlabeni. Amasiko akhule kakhulu emazweni angu-175 emhlabeni wonke, kanti ukolweni ukhula emazweni angaba ngu-90.
Ukunisela
Isitshalo sezithelo ezifana no-anyanisi asidingi umswakama owunzulu ngokweqile, ngoba uhlelo lwaso lwempande lungahlinzeka izitshalo ngomswakama otholakala emhlabathini ngisho nangezinkathi zesomiso eside. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokwakheka okuvamile kwendiza yendiza ekuqaleni kwezinyathelo zokuthuthukiswa, i-anyanisi idinga inani elikhulu ngokwanele lokuswakama, ngakho-ke, ezinyangeni ezimbili zokuqala, inhlabathi kufanele ihlungwe ngezikhathi ezithile okungenani izikhathi ezingu-1-2 ngesonto (kuye ngokuthi umbuso wokushisa). Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa amanzi ahlanzekile ahlanzekile ekamelweni lokushisa (kodwa hhayi ngaphezu kuka-30 ° C). 
Ngezikhathi zesomiso, ukwandiswa kwenqubo kuyanda, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuchelela kuyenziwa kuphela emva kokuba uphawu olumisiwe olumisiwe lubonakala phansi. Phakathi noJulayi, ukuphuza kancane kancane kuncishisiwe, futhi amasonto amabili ngaphambi kokuvuna, imisiwe ngokuphelele. Lesi silinganiso sinomthelela ekukhuleni okusebenzayo kwe-bulb, kanye nokugcina okungeziwe kwazo zonke izinhlobo zezinto eziwusizo. Futhi, u-anyanisi awudingi ukuchelela okwengeziwe ngenkathi ende yemvula, ngoba lokhu kungathinta kakhulu ukukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwama-bulbs ngisho nokudala ukubola kwezitshalo.
Umhlaba ukhulula futhi ukhula
Ukukhipha isikhashana kanye nokwehlisa isikhathi phakathi kwezimo ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuthola isivuno esikhulu se-anyanisi. "I-Baron Ebomvu", njengezinye izitshalo eziningi ezitshalisiwe, ayikho ukuncintisana kakhulu, ngakho-ke ukuthuthukiswa kwazo zonke izinhlobo zokhula kulesi sakhiwo kungabangela ukuvinjelwa ngokwanele kokukhula kwezitshalo kanye nokukwazi ukudala isibani esikhulu namanzi.
Yingakho weeding periodic kuyinto ingxenye ephoqelelwe ye agrotechnology jikelele of anyanisi ukulima. Nge-weeding, kuyadingeka ukuba uqoqe ngokuphelele umhlabathi, onomphumela omuhle ngekhwalithi yama-bulbs esizayo. Njengoba kunomhlabathi owomile kakhulu, intamo elukhuni neyomile ikhiwa ama-anyanisi ama-ani, okuyinto esikhathini esizayo esiba isizathu esiyinhloko sokunciphisa ikhwalithi ye-anyanisi nezinkinga ezalandela ezihambisana nesitoreji sazo. 
Ama-anyanisi adinga ukuphukulula Ukuphuza nokuphukulula kwenziwa ngekhwalithi, ngokujula kwama-7-10 cm, okungenani 1 isikhathi ngesonto. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina i-weeding yamasonto onke ezinyangeni zokuqala anyanisi, njengoba ukhula olukhula ngokushesha lungabangela ukufa kwamahlumela amancane. Isikhathi esihle kakhulu salokhu kuzoba kusihlwa noma ekuseni ekuseni ngosuku olomile nolususayo. Ukwehla okuphoqelekile nokukhipha imvula kuyenzeka ngemuva kwemvula ende, njengoba umswakama owedlulele uholela ekuhlanganiseni inhlabathi, futhi kukhuthaza ukukhula kokhula.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ukondla okufanelekile kuyisidingo sokutshala izitshalo ezivuthiwe. Kuqhutshwa kabili, ekuqaleni kwenkathi ekhulayo ekhulayo futhi phakathi nonyaka. Ngokokuqala ngqa, izithombo zondliwa zibe yingxenye yokukhula kwamaqabunga asebenzayo, amasonto amabili emva kokutshala izinto zokutshala emhlabathini.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nokutshala u-anyanisi nama-organic fertilizer.
Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, izitshalo zivame ukondliwa ngomanyolo osebenza kakhulu we-nitrogenous, ethandwa kakhulu yi-urea. Ukusuka kulo ukulungisa izixazululo zamanzi ngesilinganiso sika 10-15 g / 5 l amanzi. Izinto zisebenza ngaphansi kwempande, esikhundleni senqubo eyodwa yokunisela, izinga lokugeleza lokuhamba kwamanzi lilinganiselwa ku-5 amalitha / 1 imitha yendawo. plantings. Esikhathini sokukhula kweqabunga, u-anyanisi uphendula kahle i-nitrophosphate noma i-nitroammofosk, ikakhulukazi enhlabathini empofu. Umanyolo usetshenziswa ngendlela eyomile ngesisombululo se-urea, ngesibalo se-25-30 g / m2. plantings.
I-VIDEO: UKUQEQESHA KWE-ONION GOLD Ukudla okulandelayo kuqhutshwa ngo-3-4 amasonto emva kokuqala. Ngalesi sikhathi, u-anyanisi udinga inani elengeziwe lemithombo elula yokusebenzisa i-potassium ne-phosphorus, ngakho-ke izitshalo zondla ngesisombululo esinama-aqueous esekelwe ku-superphosphate (10-15 g / 5 l amanzi) nosawoti we-potassium (5-7 g / 5 l amanzi). Ungathatha indawo yokugqoka i-potassium phosphate ngesisombululo se-nitroammophoska (20 g / 5 l amanzi). Umanyolo usetshenziselwa impande, ngokubala kwamalitha angu-5 ketshezi ngalunye imitha eyi-square. plantings.
Kubalulekile! Emva kokudla u-anyanisi, qiniseka ukuthi ugeza ngamanzi asebenzayo, ngaphandle kwalokho izixazululo ezigxile kakhulu zingabangela ukushisa kwezitshalo.
Izinambuzane, izifo nokuvimbela
Zonke izinhlobo zezilokazane nezifo zingenye yezinkinga ezinkulu kakhulu lapho wonke umlimi wemifino ebhekene nazo lapho ekhula anyanisi. Naphezu kokuthi "i-Red Baron" ibonakala ngokumelana nokunyuka kwe-fusarium, izimpande zokubola kanye ne-peronosporosis, izitshalo zingathinteka kakhulu:
- ukubola kwempunga;
- AmaDonets ukubola;
- i-jaundice.
Ngenxa yalezi zinhloso, izixazululo zisetshenziswa ngokusekelwe ensikeni yamanzi (1 tbsp. L / 10 l amanzi) ngokungeziwe kwe-sulphate yethusi (1 tsp / 10 l amanzi) noma i-oxychloride yethusi (1 tsp / 10 l amanzi). Isixazululo esiphelele sinamanzi amaningi ngaphezu kwezinhlabathi zezitshalo, kanye nomhlabathi osisekelo. Isikhathi esihle kakhulu salokhu kuyoba ekuseni noma kusihlwa esimweni sezulu esomile esomile. Ukwelashwa kwenziwa izikhathi ezingu-1-2 ngesinye isikhathi lapho u-anyanisi efinyelela ubude obuphelele okungenani okungama-10-15 cm. Futhi, i-prophylaxis, abalimi abanolwazi bancoma ukuthi basebenzise impova emasimini ngothuli kagwayi noma ngomuthi okhuni. Inqubo yenziwa izikhathi ezingu-2 ngezikhathi ezithile ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo kwezitshalo ngekhefu lezinsuku ezingu-20-25.Ama-anyanisi nawo ayathinteka kakhulu yizilokazane ezilandelayo:
- onion fly - I-parasite ibeka amaqanda ezinhlobonhlobo zesitshalo, lapho izibungu ezithinta i-bulb zivuthiwe. Lokhu kubangela ukubola nokubola kwezitshalo. Ukulwa nezinambuzane ezinesisombululo sama-sodium chloride (300g / 10 l). Izitshalo ziphathwa kakhulu nge-liquide, kanye nendawo yezimpande zensimu. Inqubo yenziwa nsuku zonke izinsuku ezingu-10. Uma kunesidingo, phinda inkambo;
- anyanisi izimpande mite - izidakamizwa zondla amajusi nama-tissue we-anyanisi, okunciphisa ukuzivikela kwawo konke, ngenxa yalokho izilonda ze-fungal of the plant zenzeka. Ukuhlasela kwe-fungal insecticidal okuhlangene kuholela ekusweleni nasekufeni kwe-anyanisi. Balwa le nkathazo ngokufiphala imibhede ngesisombululo se-0.2% se-"Keltan" ukulungiselela noma i-analogue eguquguqukayo. Ukwelashwa kwenziwa kanye futhi, uma kunesidingo, kuphindwe;
- anyanisi inundu - izinambuzane ezincane ezinamaphiko kusukela ku-Lepidoptera oda. Lezi zinambuzane zondla izicubu zezitshalo, okubangela ukubola kwe-green mass nokufa anyanisi. Ukulwa nale nkathazo ngosizo lwaluphi uhlobo lwezinambuzane eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-bulbous.
Ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwezinambuzane emnsalo, ngaphambi kokutshala, izithombo ziphathwa ngezisombululo ze potassium permanganate, i-copper sulfate noma utshwala ngokusho kobuchwepheshe obuchazwe ngenhla. Phakathi nesikhathi esakhulayo sokunyuka anyanisi, ungasebenzisa ukuvota imifino ngamapulangwe noma uthuli. Shintsha impova ngokuphatha umhlabathi nezitshalo ngekhambi le-tobacco-pepper. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ugwayi we-200 g ugwayi ku-3 amalitha amanzi izinsuku ezintathu, emva kwalokho umhluzi uhlungwa futhi u-1 tsp ungeze kuwo. i-pepper emhlabathini kanye no-1 tbsp. l insipho yamanzi. Isixazululo esiphelele sihlanjululwe ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi, bese sisetshenziselwa ukutshala izitshalo, izinga lokugeleza komketshezi osebenzayo lilinganiselwa ku-5 l / m sq.
Funda ngezinye izinambuzane ezithinta u-anyanisi nokuthi ungabhekana kanjani nazo.
Ukwelashwa okuvimbela u-anyanisi ngokumelene nezinambuzane kwenziwa ngezikhathi ezithile, okungenani isikhathi esisodwa ngenyanga. Isikhathi esihle kakhulu salokhu kusihlwa noma kusihlwa esimweni sezulu esomile nesomhlaba. Кроме того, предотвратить заражение лука насекомыми может и строгое соблюдение агротехники выращивания растения, в том числе и своевременная прополка, а также рыхление почвы на глубину не менее 7 см.
Ukuvuna nokugcina
Isikhathi sokuvuna se-Red Baron sincike kakhulu ezimweni zezulu nezokushisa kombuso wesifunda esandayo sezinhlobonhlobo. Kodwa ezimweni eziningi lo mzuzu ufika cishe izinsuku ezingu 90 emva kokutshala izinto zokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile, owela engxenyeni yesibili - ekuqaleni kukaSeptemba. Ukuvuna u-anyanisi ovuthiwe kwenziwa ngokushesha, ngaphandle kwalokho ama-bulb angakwazi ukunikeza izimpande ezincane, okunye okungathinta kakhulu izinga lokugcina izithelo. 
Izimpawu eziyinhloko zokulungela anyanisi ukuvuna yizibonakaliso ezilandelayo:
- ukuqeda ukukhula kwamaqabunga amasha ezitshalweni;
- ukuphoqa nokuphuza amaqabunga;
- ukulala kwabantu ngenhla ngaphezu komhlabathi ingxenye ye-anyanisi;
- i-anyanisi entanyeni efana neyomzimba encane futhi elula;
- ama-amp athole i-hue ecebile ngokubomvu.
Ngesikhathi sokumiswa okuyisisekelo, izinsalela zezakhi ezisuka ku-mass mass kancane kancane zidlula zibe isibani, ngakho-ke kulesi sigaba akufanele usike iziqongonga. Ngemuva kokumiswa okuyisisekelo, izingqimba ezomile nezimpande ziyakunqunywa, futhi kufanele nakanjani ushiye umsila omncane 3-4 cm ubude.
Bamba u-anyanisi enhlabathini bese usika phezulu. Sika ngokucophelela ama-bulb nganoma yikuphi ukulimala noma izilonda ezithathelwanayo, emva kwalokho isitshalo esinqatshiwe sisuswe ngokulahlwa. Okulandelayo, ama-bulb aphethwe kabusha ukuze afinyelele izinsuku ezingu-7-10 ekushiseni kwe-+ 25 ... +30 ° C noma amahora angu-10-12 ekushiseni okungaba ngu-40 ° C.
Kubalulekile! Ama-bulb aqoqwe akufanele ahlanzwe, ngoba umswakama wabo owedlulele uyoba nomthelela omubi ekuphulukiseni.Ngemva kokumisa kabusha anyanisi basuswa endaweni yokugcina engapheli. Gcina u-anyanisi ebhokisini lamapulangwe noma eplastiki, emasakeni esikhwameni, kanye namanetha epulasitiki. Kungcono kakhulu kule makamelo owomile, omnyama, aphefumlelwe kahle aphezulu okushisa kusuka ku-0 kuya ku -3 ° C. Ezimweni ezinjalo, izithelo zigcinwe ngokuphelele ezinyangeni ezingu-6 kuya kwezingu-12. Ukuze uthuthukise ikhwalithi yokukhiqiza yesitshalo, ama-bulb kufanele ahlanganiswe ngendwangu encane noma izikhwama ezinamasongo futhi amisiwe kusukela esilweni. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukugwema umswakama ngokweqile we-ama ngesikhathi sokugcina, ngoba umswakama cishe njalo uyimbangela enkulu yokubola anyanisi.
Izinkinga nezincomo ezingenzeka
Lapho ukhula u-anyanisi, wonke umlimi wemifino uzobhekana nezinkinga eziningi ezivame ukusongela isivuno esizayo ngokubhujiswa okugcwele noma okuncane. Okuvamile phakathi kwabo yizo zonke izinhlobo zezitshalo ze-plant pathologies, ezizoholela ekufeni kwazo. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokutshala u-anyanisi okusebenzayo, kuyadingeka ukuthi wazi kangcono phakathi kwabo.
Ngakho-ke, ngenkathi ukhula anyanisi, umlimi uyakwazi ukubona lezi zinto ezilandelayo:
- izitshalo zomcibisholo - kubangelwa ukungahambisani ne-agrotechnology jikelele yokulima amasiko nokugcinwa kwezimo zokutshala. Ukubukeka kwemicibisholo kuvimbela ukukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwama-bulbs, okunciphisa amandla abo kanye nobukhulu bawo bonke. I-pathology ayinayo imithi yokwelashwa, kodwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukukhula kwama-bulb, kutuswa ukuba usike ngokuphelele ama-peduncles;
- ukuphuza nokuphunga amaqabunga amancane - lo mkhuba unesimo se-abiotic noma se-biotic. Ukuqeda lesi sifo, u-anyanisi uphathwa ngezindlela eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuzivikela ezifweni nezilwanyana ezinambuzane, futhi futhi zilawula indlela ejwayelekile ye-agrotechnical yokutshala izitshalo;
- izilonda ze-putrid - ingumphumela wokungcolisa kwenhlabathi ngokweqile, ukuze kuqedwe ukukhubazeka, ukuguqula ukuqina nokuvama kokuphuza izitshalo;
- Ukuqothula ama-anyanisi eluhlaza - kwenzeka ngenxa yokuntuleka kwamakhemikhali e-nitrogenous emhlabathini, ukuqeda inqubo yokulima yokudla okudlayo kunesisombululo se-urea (10-15 g / 5 l amanzi);
- ukuphoqa nokuphazamisa izimpaphe anyanisi - obangelwa ukungabi khona kwe-potassium emhlabathini, ukuqeda ukwephulwa kwesitshalo kunikezwa izixazululo zethusi usawoti (5-7 g / 5 l amanzi);
- ukufutheka ngokweqile kwama-bulb - obangelwa ukuqoqwa ngokweqile kwe-anyanisi yezinto ezithile, okuthiwa yi-glycosides. Ukuqoqwa kwabo ngokweqile kubangelwa ukushisa kwelanga, ukushisa okuphakeme, ukuhlanganiswa kwamaminerali emhlabathini, kanye nokuntuleka komswakama emhlabathini. Ukuze uvimbele u-onion ukufutheka, kunconywa ukuthi ugcine imigomo evumelekile yezifaka umquba lapho izitshalo zifaka umquba, kanti nezimo ezijwayelekile zokutshala isivuno.
- Ngaphambi kokutshala u-anyanisi, kubalulekile ukuhlola ubuningi bomhlabathi, ngoba ngisho ne-acidification encane yenhlabathi ingabangela ukukhula kwesiko ukuba kugwenywe;
- I-agrotechnology ye-anyanisi ekhulayo kufanele ilandelwe ngokuqinile, kuhlanganise nezinyathelo ezijwayelekile zokuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwezinambuzane kanye nezifo ezehlukene;
- i-anyanisi ayithandi umswakama owedlulele, kodwa akufanele ukhohlwe ngokunisela kwayo, ngoba isomiso singabangela ukwehla kwenani lebhizinisi lama-amp;
- Ukuze kuhlungwe anyanisi kusuka izithombo, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa anyanisi obuphakathi (cishe 2 cm), kungenjalo izitshalo zokudubula azikwazi ukugwema;
- u-anyanisi okhulayo uhlanganisa uhlelo lweminyaka engu-3-5 lokujikeleza kwezitshalo, ngaphandle kwalokho ukuvunwa okuphezulu okuvela kulesi sitshalo ngeke kutholakale.
"I-Baron Ebomvu" yizinhlobonhlobo zanamuhla zine-anyanisi ezinokukhiqiza, okwenziwa minyaka yonke emadolobheni amaningi asehlobo. Le mifuno inezici eziphezulu zokunambitheka, kanye nokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwazo zonke izinhlobo zamavithamini nezinye izakhi, okwenza kube lula kakhulu ekudleni kwansuku zonke. Kodwa, naphezu kokungazitholi, lesi sitshalo sidinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile, kanye nokubusa kwesimo sezulu. Uma kungenjalo, ukufeza izinga eliphezulu nokuvunwa okuphezulu esiqhingini sabo ngeke kube lula.
Ukubuyekeza
