Okubaluleke kakhulu ukupheka, kanye nemithi yokwelapha, yinto evamile futhi yansuku zonke yazo yonke imiphumela yokutshala izinhlobo ze-anyanisi nezinhlobonhlobo. Yingakho umlimi wezitshalo noma umlimi wezitshalo ekhula ngokuzikhukhumeza ukuze azijabulise yena nabathandekayo bakhe, hhayi nje kuphela ngokudla okunempilo, kodwa nangomhlobiso omuhle wegadi noma umngcele - kukhona izinhlobo zokuhlobisa zezitshalo ezidliwayo. Lesi sihloko sibonisa zonke izinhlobo anyanisi kanye negalikhi, kanye nencazelo eningiliziwe yezinzuzo zabo kanye nezimo eziyingozi.
Anyanisi
Mhlawumbe anyanisi izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu phakathi kwazo zonke ezinye kodwa naphezu kwalokhu, kuyamangaza futhi ngezinhlobo zayo. Kubonakala sengathi imifino efanayo ngesikhathi esifanayo ingaba yinkimbinkimbi, kanti ummeli wayo, kodwa ohlobo oluthile, angaba namanzi ahlanzekile, abukhali noma anzima.
Uyazi? Kuvela ukuthi u-anyanisi uyisitshalo esidala kakhulu, futhi izimpande zodumo lwazo zifinyelela ngisho naseGibhithe lasendulo. Kukhona imidwebo yasendulo engcwabeni (2800 BC) izithombe zalesi siko zatholakala.Phakathi komndeni wonke we-anyanisi, abalimi cishe njalo bakhetha uhlobo lwe-bulb. Ngokuvame ukwanda kusukela kusethi ye-anyanisi, engatholakala kumbewu yodwa noma ithengwe esitolo esithile esikhethekile. Masinyane emva kokuthenga, ama-sets kumele afudumele ngokucophelela futhi asomile, ngakho endaweni efudumele neyomile kufanele isakazwe ngendwangu encane. Khona-ke ukwaziswa okulungiselelwe kuphathwa nge-stimulator yokukhula futhi ingasetshenziswa i-disinfected, emva kwalokho ikulungele ukutshala.
Kubalulekile! Ukutshala u-anyanisi enhlabathini engashintshi akuyona into efiselekayo, ngoba ke nje uya emcibisholo. Ukulinda isikhathi eside ngokufika kubuye akufanele. Uma kungenjalo, izimpaphe eziluhlaza zizokhula ngokushesha, futhi i-bulb izokwehla emva kokuthuthukiswa futhi ihlale isayizi encane efanayo.
Kubalulekile ukutshala izithombo ngemigqa emigqeni, ngenkathi ungakhohlwa ukugcina ibanga elingaba ngu-20 cm phakathi kwabo. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze ukutshala kungcono umoya ophansi futhi kulula ukuwaphatha. Futhi i-sevka kufanele ivela komunye nomunye ebangeni elingama-5 kuya ku-10 cm, isibalo esifanele sincike ekutheni ubukhulu be-anyanisi olungiselelwe. Khona-ke kufanele iphoqelelwe ngokuqinile ngomhlaba futhi ihlanganiswe ngesikhumbuzo (ungqimba 3 cm) kusuka phezulu.Amahlumela okuqala, njengomthetho, avela ngesonto ngemuva kokutshala. Ukuze uthole intuthuko efanele, kufanele manje banakekelwe kahle, futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke, lokhu kusebenza ekutheni kwamasonto onke. Kubuye kubalulekile ukukhumbula ngamanyolo omanyolo, u-anyanisi uyabathanda kakhulu futhi awukwazi ukuya emifino isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokugqoka okuphezulu. Ukukhulula inhlabathi kwenziwa izikhathi eziningana ngeviki, futhi ukuphumula - njengoba kudingeka.
Futhi ngoSeptemba, ungacabanga ngokuvuna, kudingeka wenze lokhu uma ama-bulb esevele enemibala emihle yegolide, futhi izimpaphe azibonanga isikhathi eside. Lapho zonke izimo zokulima nokunakekelwa zigcwaliseka, zonke izinhlobo ze anyanisi nogalikhi azikhulelwe ziyokhula kusuka kumsebenzisi womhlaba wezomnotho.
Shallot
I-Shallot yizinhlobonhlobo ze-anyanisi ezihlukahlukene. Yathola igama layo eYurophu, e-Ukraine libizwa ngokuthi isihlahla, futhi eRussia naseMoldova - umndeni omncane. Esikenyeni esisodwa, ama-shallots angathuthuka kusuka ku-3 kuya ku-20 anyanisi esesisindo esingaba ngu-10 ukuya ku-50 g. Izimpaphe zilula kakhulu futhi zilula kunezinye izinhlobo, futhi zinomthunzi obuthakathaka obuthakathaka.
Ukuze ukhule kahle futhi unakekele umndeni, Udinga ukunaka ezinye izici zalezi zinqubo:
- Kungatshalwa enhlabathini elungiselelwe phakathi kuka-Ephreli, njengoba kunzima ukudubula futhi kungenandaba nezeqhwa.
- I-wet humus-sand loams ibhekwa njengenhlabathi engcono kakhulu yokushayela.
- Izinto zokutshala zidinga ukuvuselelwa kaningi, ukuze ama-albhamu awanaso isifo okuthiwa i-gray rot.
- Uma ukhula lezi zinhlobo ukuze usebenzise ama-green, iphethini lokutshala cishe lifana nokutshala kwe-ampu, ibanga eliphakathi kwemigqa lingama-20 cm, naphakathi kwe-anyanisi - 10 cm.
Ukuvuna kwenzeka lapho "umndeni" uzokwenza amaphesenti angaphezu kwezingu-50% ngosuku olushisayo nolushushu.
Udinga ukugcina kuphela ama-enempilo ekushiseni kwama-degree ayi-1-3, ngale njongo ibhokisi noma ibhokisi likhethiwe. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi izidleke ze-anyanisi akufanele zihlukaniswe ngesikhathi sokugcina.
Lokhu okungahloniphi futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo umbono ongavamile sekuyisikhathi eside ushaye izinhliziyo zezinkuni emhlabeni wonke, ngoba ama-shallots anezintambo ezilula, kulula ukuyilungisa, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu ukungabi khona kwephunga elimnandi ngemva kokudliwa.
I-Leek
I-Leek ibhekwa mhlawumbe isitshalo esivumelana kakhulu phakathi kwabachwepheshe, futhi konke ngenxa yokumelana nokubandayo, ukuvunwa okuphezulu kanye nokwakhiwa kwezinto eziphilayo eziyigugu. Ikhulile kuwo wonke umhlaba, ikakhulukazi endaweni ehamba kahle, njengoba iguqulela kahle cishe zonke izimo zemvelo. I-Leek ikhule ngokuhlwanyela imbewu emhlabathini noma ngokusebenzisa izithombo.
Endaweni yethu, kuphela indlela yesibili kuphela esetshenziswayo, ngoba okokuqala kuhilela izimila eside kakhulu. Ukuze uphuthukise kahle u-leek, inhlabathi kufanele ibe yinto evulekile futhi ikhule kakhulu, i-loams ephakathi kahle kakhulu. Indawo yokulungiselela umhlaba ngokuvamile ivame ukuwa ekujuleni koqweqwe oluhle. Abandulela phambili kule mifino enamandla kukhona ama-legumes, amazambane, ukhukhamba kanye neklabishi.
Kubalulekile! Akunakwenzeka ukutshala imifino e-anyanisi emhlabathini, lapho izihlobo zayo zazikhulile ngaphambili. Ngaphandle kwalokho, esikhathini esizayo, kungase kulandelwe izifo nokubola okuvamile.
Njengezinye izinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo ze-anyanisi, kubalulekile ukugcoba i-leek ngesikhathi, indlela ephumelela kakhulu ukuphuzisa imisele. Ngokuphathelene nokunakekelwa, akusikho konke okwenzayo, konke kwenziwa ngokuvumelana nesilinganiso - ukukhulula, ukusilalisa nokondla. Kodwa, ngaphandle kwalokhu, umqondo omuhle uzoba ukugxilisa ukutshala kwezitshalo ngamaqabunga kanye ne-peat - lokhu kuzosiza ukugcina umswakama nokuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kokhula.
Uyazi? I-Leek yiwuphawu lwesizwe lwe-Wales futhi luboniswa engxenyeni ye-1 pound sterling.Ama-anyanisi avunwa njengoba kudingeka (njengoba evuthwe), amangazwa, angagxiliwe futhi afakwe ebhokisini elungiselelwe ngaphambili ngendlela efakiwe noma exhunyiwe. Kuyadingeka ukususa amaqabunga angcolile nabonakalisiwe kusuka ezitshalweni eziqoqiwe, futhi ukusika izimpande namaqabunga ngesithathu. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokugcina le vithamini enamandla izobe ifakwe emaphaketheni ekugobozeni epulasitiki naseqandisini. Ukushisa okungcono okugcina kufanele kube phakathi kuka--2 no-+2 ° C, futhi kufanele kugcinwe ezingeni elifanayo uma kunokwenzeka.
Batun
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-anyan-batun azifani ngokubukeka okuvela ku-anyanisi owaziwayo, noma kunjalo, lezi zinhlobo zitshalwe kuphela emahlathini, ngoba ayifuni isibani nhlobo. I-batun ineqabunga elikhulu kakhulu elingakhula libe ngu-40 cm futhi lifike ku-2 cm.
Naphezu kokuthi le-anyanisi iyakwazi ukukhula endaweni efanayo iminyaka engaba ngu-10, isabonisa ukusebenza okukhulu kunazo zonke eminyakeni engu-3-4 emva kokuhlwanyela.
Omunye umehluko omuhle we-batun ovela kulo lonke u-anyanisi "umndeni" yizinga eliphezulu kakhulu lokumelana nesithwathwa, ngoba ungakwazi ukulungiselela kalula i-movie yokushisa ejwayele ukuzenzela ngokushisa kwama-degrees angu-11-12 kuphela. Futhi imbewu yalesi sitshalo esingenasisindo singakhula kakade emazingeni okushisa amabili, kodwa indlela engcono kakhulu yokuhluma okusheshayo, yebo, kuyoba ngama-degrees angaba ngu-20.
Azikho ubunzima noma ukungafani okukhethekile ekutshalweni kwe-batun, imbewu ingahlwanyelwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ngisho nangamaFebhuwari amafasitela, futhi kulokhu amaqabunga amahle angatholakala kakade ngenyanga kaJulayi.
Uma ukukhiqizwa kokukhiqiza kwenzeka ngendlela yemifino, izihlahla ezihlala njalo zalezi zinhlobo kumele zihlukaniswe zibe izingxenye, cishe izitshalo ezinhlanu utshani ngotshani. 
Ukuvuna kokuqala entwasahlobo, ukufakelwa kabusha kufanele kwenziwe phakathi no-Agasti.
Kubalulekile! Ukuhlwanyela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, imbewu kufanele isetshenziswe eyomile futhi ilinganiswe; uma iphindaphindiwe, khona-ke imbewu kufanele ilungiswe kusengaphambili, igwebe ngaphambi kokulunywa okulodwa.Uma kwenzeka ukuphuma kwe-batun, ibanga eliphakanyisiwe phakathi kwemigqa kufanele libe ngu-30-40 cm, futhi ukujula kokufaka imbewu kufanele kube cishe u-2 cm.
Ama-anyanisi angavuna ngezindlela ezimbili, kuye ngokuthi uhlobo lokulima: uma isitshalo silungiswa njengonyaka, imbewu ihlwanyelwa entwasahlobo bese igubha ngokuphelele, futhi uma isetshenziswa isikhathi eside, imifino inqunywa kanye noma kabili entwasahlobo bese kuwa.
Sika amaqabunga kufanele abe lapho ubude babo buba ngamasentimitha angama-20 kuya ku-25. Izigcini ezigcinwe esiqandisini, ezibekwa ngaphambilini ekugqibeni epulasitiki.
Schnitt
Njengasendabeni ye-batun, isitshalo se-anyanisi Schnitt sakhula kuphela ukukhiqiza imifino enhle futhi ehlanzekile. E-Siberia, ibizwa ngokuthi uRezan noma uRezun, engxenyeni esenyakatho yeRussia - i-shnitt-onion, futhi eningizimu kuthiwa i-skoroda noma i-tribulka. I-Homeland Schnitt ibhekwa njengeNyakatho ye-China neMongolia.
Lesi sitshalo, ngeshwa, asikwazanga endaweni yethu, ngakho-ke sikhulile eminyanisweni encane. Kodwa ungumthombo wangempela wamavithamini nezakhi ezihlukahlukene, futhi ngokuvamile kuvame ukufakwa ekudleni kokudla kubantu abanesifo sezinso kanye nesimo senhliziyo.
Enye inzuzo ebalulekile yi-frost ukumelana kakhulu kwe-shnitta, amahlumela ayo amancane angakwazi ukumelana kalula nesithwathwa esibi, isitshalo somuntu omdala sikwazi ukumelana nokushisa kwama-degree -8.
Ukunakekela lo mkhiqizo ongajwayelekile kubalulekile ngokufanayo nezinye izinhlobo, unomswakama-onothando futhi uyakuthanda ukufaka umquba kusuka kumanyolo we-organic and amaminerali. 
Ama-albhamu awafaki lesi sibonelo, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ahlukaniswa amandla amakhulu wokuhlanganisa. Uhlelo lwempande luyi-fibrous, ithuthukiswe kahle futhi luqala ukuvuselelwa phakathi nohlobo.
Ngaphambi kokuhlunga ama-chives, ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kubhalwa ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi, ngoba, ngenxa yembewu yayo encane, izithombo kuqala zibonakala zibuthakathaka kakhulu, njenge-loop encane, ngakho-ke kufanele zivikelwe ngokucophelela kokhula.
Ukuhlwanyela kwenziwa emigqumeni kuya ku-2 cm ejulile, futhi ibanga eliphakathi kwemigqa kufanele libe li-45 cm. Kungcono futhi ukutshala izitshalo ze-mulch ngesikhathi nge-humus, peat noma i-sawdust, ungakhohlwa ukukhipha okwesikhashana, ukuze i-mudcake eyakhiwe ngemva kwemvula eningi ingavimbeli ukuvela kwamahlumela amasha .
Lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya liyi-18-20 degrees, amaqabunga e-chives akhula ngokushesha futhi alungele ukunqunywa ezinsukwini ezingu-12-14. Ukuvuna kuvame ukuqala lapho amabhokisi aqhekekile avela ezambulela kanye nembewu emnyama kubonakala ngokucacile. Ngemuva kokuhlangana kanye nokomisa egumbini elincane, amaqabunga amnandi agcinwa esiqandisini.
Slizun
Umnsalo we-Slyzun - isitshalo se-herbaceous elisetshenziswa njalo, esingatholakali ezindaweni ezingaphansi kwe-suburban. Isimo sengqondo esinjalo kulezi zinhlobo akufanele neze, ngoba i-slizun, eqinisweni, iyisibonelo esibalulekile futhi esibalulekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuhluke ngokuphelele kunambitheka kwezinye izinhlobo, ngokusetshenziswa kwayo kungenzeka ukuba uqaphele inothi elizwakalayo eliyigugu.
Isitshalo ngokwawo sinombukiso omuhle kakhulu wokuhlobisa, ngakho-ke singatshalwa kalula engxenyeni yezitshalo nje ngenxa yokuthokozisa iso.
I-Slizun inezimfanelo ezinamandla kakhulu ezinamakhaza futhi iyakwazi ukumelana nokushisa kwamazinga angama-40, futhi ayinandaba nezezinambuzane futhi iletha isivuno iminyaka emihlanu.
Inhlabathi yokutshala kungcono ukhethe isihlabathi noma i-loamy, ukuze kungabi namanzi iqukethe amanzi ancibilikile futhi asemhlabathini, okuvimbela ukutholakala komoya futhi kuvuse ukufa kwe-bulb. Ekwindla, izwe kufanele ligcwale umquba obolile kanye ne-humus, ungakhohlwa ngamaminerali ajwayelekile amaminerali. 
I-Slizun ivame ukusakazwa ngendlela yemifino, ngoba lokhu kunikeza isivuno esisheshayo. Ungahlala ngo-Agasti noma ngo-Septhemba, noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukumba izihlahla ezineminyaka emithathu futhi uhlukanise i-rhizome zibe yizingxenye, kuyilapho udinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umuthi ngamunye unengxenye yawo nama-3-4 ama-bulb.
Ukusabalaliswa kwembewu nakho kulula, ngoba lokhu ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli, izithombo zasebusika zihlwanyelwa emhlabathini ovulekile ezindaweni ezicishe zibe ngu-1 cm. Khona-ke ama-groove asuke epholile kancane ngendwangu encane yomhlabathi, ehambisana nebhodi le-spray futhi ehlanganiswe nefilimu.
Ukunakekela i-slizun akufani neze nokunakekela ezinye izinhlobo ze-anyanisi. Ngonyaka wokuqala, imifantu embalwa nje yakha emahlathini, okwesibili - i-blooms, kanti okwesithathu - sekuvele kungenzeka ukuhlela ukusika okugcwele kwamaqabunga.
I-multi-tiered
Ama-anyanisi aphethwe yi-plant ewusizo kakhulu futhi ahlwanyelwa emazweni amaningi emhlabeni jikelele. Ayitholanga ukusatshalaliswa okufanele kubalimi bethu bemifino, nakuba kuyizinhlobo zayo eziphilayo ezisebenzayo zidlula kakhulu zonke izinhlobo ze-anyanisi.
Amaqabunga emifino ayinalutho, ahlukumezekile, futhi isikhathi eside agcina ukubukeka okungahlosiwe. Ama-shaya angaphansi komhlaba afana kakhulu no-anyanisi, kodwa, ngokungafani nawo, abanaso isikhathi sokuvuthwa ngendlela efanele futhi, njengomthetho, abagcinwe kahle, kodwa babe nemfanelo ephakeme kakhulu, futhi ukutholakala kwabo etafuleni kuzoletha injabulo kubamabandla nezivakashi. 
I-multi-tier ibanda kakhulu, ihlala emgodini omncane weqhwa ngisho nasezingeni lokushisa kwama-degree degrees centigrade, futhi amaqabunga ayo amancane akwazi ukumelana nokushisa kwama -5 ° C. Ukungathobeki emhlabathini, kodwa akufanele kube yi-acidic. Abaphambili bangase babe izitshalo ngaphansi kweziqu ezifakiwe ezifakiwe.
Ngokuvamile utshalwe ngama-multiple-tiered ama-athile ekupheleni kwehlobo noma ekwindla zakuqala, njalo ehlala embhedeni ophakathi kuka-10-15 cm. Ngokungafani nemithetho yezinye izitshalo ze-anyanisi, lezi zinhlobo kufanele zitshalwe ngokushesha ngemuva kwemvula, bese ziyokhula ngokushesha futhi zibe ngcono, okusho ukuthi i-perezimet kahle ezimweni zasemhlabeni.
I-garlic
I-garlic ekhulayo ezuzeleni i-cottage ehlobo izuzisa umlimi engadini nje kuphela, kodwa futhi isiza ezinye izitshalo zasensimu ukuze zisabise izinambuzane ezinjengezibungu kanye nezikhwama.
Izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabathengi - intwasahlobo yasentwasahlobo nobusika. Ubuchwepheshe obukhulayo bulula, kepha imithetho emithakazelisayo nayo kumele ilandelwe. Isibonelo, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi isiko sithandeka kakhulu enhlabathini, sidinga ukutshala kuphela emhlabathini ongathathi hlangothi wezinhlobo ze-sandy ne-loamy. Khohlwa mayelana negalikhi ekhanyayo, futhi, akufanele kube.
Ama-strawberries, ama-strawberries, ukhukhamba, anyanisi, utamatisi, i-gooseberries, ama-raspberries kanye nama-black currants abamakhelwane abamhle kuye, kanti ama-roses, i-tulips ne-gladioli zenziwe ngezimbali: uzivikela endaweni emnyama.
Kungenzeka ukwandisa ugarlic kuphela ngendlela yemifino, ngoba ayifuni imbewu nhlobo. Uhlobo lwezitshalo ngosizo lwama-chive, nobusika - nge-chives ne-air bulbs. Ngaphambi kokutshala, amazinyo ayalinganiswa futhi angenwa yi-disinfected, futhi, uma efunwa, ingahlushwa kancane ukuze kuphuthumise izinga lokukhula. 
I-garlic yesitshalo ivame ukutshala ngo-Ephreli noma ngoMeyi, ngokushesha nje lapho inhlabathi ivunguza kuze kube ngu-+5 ° C. Ukujula kokutshala kuncike ekuphakameni kwe-clove, ephindwe ngu-2, futhi ngokuyinhloko ilinganiselwa ku-5-6 cm. Ngokushesha ngemva kokutshala igalikhi, umbhede wembali kufanele uhanjiswe, futhi ibanga eliphakathi kokutshala kufanele lihlelwe ku-18-20 cm.
Imithombo yamagalikhi entwasahlobo ngokuvamile avela ekushiseni kwe-+ 3-4 ° С futhi ayifuni emahlathini. Uma ihlobo esifundeni lishisa ngokwanele, inhlabathi kufanele ihlanganiswe ngento elula. Ukunisela kuhlukile futhi kuncike esikhathini sokukhula: esifundeni esisebenzayo kufanele sibe luningi, esigabeni sokuvuthwa kufanele silinganiselwe, ngoba ukungcola ngokweqile kungabangela ukuqhuma kwama-bulbs nokuthuthukiswa kwezifo ezingadingekile.
Ukondla kufanele kwenziwe izikhathi ezimbili: entwasahlobo - inhlambi yenkomo, nasehlobo - ngesisombululo somlotha ovamile. Ngomhlabathi owodwa odingekayo we-garlic, ukukhulula nokwehlisa kungakhohlwa, kanye nokunciphisa ukujwayela ngezikhathi ezithile.
Ngokuqondene nokutshala kwe-garlic yasebusika, kuqhutshwa phakathi kwekwindla, futhi akusizi ngokushesha ukuze amazinyo anganiki ukukhula ngaphambi kwesikhathi futhi aphikisana kakhulu phakathi nenkathi ebandayo. 
Indawo yokutshala idinga ukulungiswa kusengaphambili, kuyadingeka ukwenza imifantu, engezansi lapho uthele khona ungqimba olula wesanti noma umlotha. Ukujula kokutshala i-garlic yasebusika kufanele kuvezwe ngaphezulu, cishe ngo-15 cm. Ngaphezulu kwemibhede kubalulekile ukubeka umquba, okuzovikela amazinyo kusuka efrijini, kungabandakanya i-peat noma i-sawdust. Ukunakekela lolu hlobo kufana nokusentwasahlobo.
Ngeshwa, ngesikhathi sokukhula, i-garlic ingagula ngezifo ezinjenge-mold mold, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokubola, noma isikhwama se-downy. Атакующие вредители тоже могут помешать спокойному выращиванию, обычно это луковые мухи, личинки или четырехногий чесночный клещ. Главная профилактика против всех этих проблем заключается в правильной подготовке почвы, в выбранном здоровом посадочном материале и избавлении от больных растений. А предотвратить нападение вредителей всегда помогает соседство чеснока с календулой или цикорием. 
Manje, ukusebenzisa ulwazi olukulesi sihloko, noma ubani, ngisho nendawo yokulima yase-amateur, angakwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwe-anyanisi kanye ne-garlic izinhlobo ngenxa yemininingwane yabo eningiliziwe ngezithombe namagama, nokuzijabulisa kanye nabathandekayo babo ngesitshalo esimangalisayo nesinomvuzo.
