Isifiso sokuhlukahluka kanye nesifiso sokumangala abangane nabangane, njengoba bekhulile kuleso site hhayi utamatisi obomvu kuphela, kodwa nezinhlobo zabo ezimibalabala - kuqondakala kahle. Manje isikali sombala sibhekiswe izithelo ezibomvu, eziphuzi nakumnyama. Le nkinga, kanye nenani labanye elihlobene nokujikeleza kwezitshalo, ukuvunwa, nokusetshenziswa kotamatisi ngezinhloso zokwelapha, kuxazululwe ngokukhetha izinhlobo.
Utamatisi "i-Chernomor" ibhekisela ezinhlobonhlobo zezithelo ezimnyama ngoba izithelo zawo zinombala omnyama obumbala. Izinhlobonhlobo zingokwesigaba sokuvuthwa phakathi nendawo futhi singakhula kokubili emhlabathini ovulekile nasendlini yokushisa.
Incazelo ehlukahlukene
"I-Chernomor" iyinhlobonhlobo ephakathi kokuvuthwa kwetamatisi ekhula ngokulinganayo kokubili ensimini nasendlini yokushisa. 
Izinzuzo eziyinhloko ezihlukahlukene:
- unikeza isivuno esihle, ngisho nokunakekelwa okuncane;
- unelithandwa eliphezulu;
- elibhekiselwe isikhathi eside se-fruiting egcwele;
- inezithelo ezinomsoco nezingenangqondo ezibekezelela ukuhamba.
Ukuvuthwa okusheshayo kuyisici sezinhlobonhlobo - I-Chernomor ivuthiwe ngezinsuku ezingu-110, kanti ngokuvamile utamatisi ovuthiwe uvuthwe cishe izinsuku ezingu-120. Izinhlobonhlobo ngokumelene nezifo.
Izinhlobo zikaTamatisi zonyaka wephakathi nonyaka zilungele ukulungiselela ubusika: utamatisi okheniwe, ama-saladi, imifino exubekile, isobho, amaju.
Funda ukuthi yini enye ongayipheka kuzo utamatisi, ukuthi ungenza kanjani i-jam, ukuthi ungafakela kanjani kahle, ukwenza kanjani isobho, utamatisi ujusi, isaladi isaladi, utamatisi unamathele.
Isici esiyingqayizivele sezinhlobo zokuvuthwa phakathi nendawo isivuno sabo esikhulu: 3-4 kg wezithelo ezivela esihlahleni. Ifomu lokushisa lokutshala ngokunisela okuhle nokunamathela esimisweni sokudla singanikela ku-7 kg wezithelo zamanzi zombala obomvu. 
Ukwakhiwa kwamatamatisi kuyindilinga, kubanjwe ku-stem. Ukuvuna utamatisi ovuthiwe kungagcinwa izinsuku ezingaphezu kwengu-15 ngaphandle kokucubungula. Hlunga ukuhlukanisa ukuhamba kahle okuhle.
I-Chernomor iyinhlobo ehlukahlukene enquma ukufika ephakeme ka-1.5-2 m, okuyinto enhle kakhulu ezindlini zokugcina izithombo. Ama-ovaries akhiwa ngaphezu kokuphakama kwesitshalo, ngakho-ke le utamatisi idinga pasynkovanii futhi yakha isihlahla.
Kubalulekile! Ukwenza utamatisi ukudla kwakho kusukela entwasahlobo kuya ekwindla sekwephuzile, ukhule izinhlobo ngezinhlobo zokuvuthwa ezahlukene. Kungcono ukuhlwanyela u-35% wezitamatisi ezivuthiwe zakuqala, 45% we-middle-ripening kanye no-20% wezinhlobo zokuvuthwa ngasekupheleni.
Izithelo nezivuno
Izithelo "Chernomor" umbala omnyama, omkhulu, ohlangene. Esikhathini isiqu utamatisi kancane ribbed. Izithelo isisindo sika 150-200 g. Izibonelo zomuntu ngamunye zingafinyelela ku-500 g. Ukuthanda kuyaphakama: isithelo sinomsoco, sinamafutha. 
Amakamelo embewu amancane ngenani elikhulu lembewu. Izithelo zingahle zikhethwe ngokukhetha - kanye nezinsuku ezingu-3 esiteji esingenalutho, ukuvuthwa kokuqala nokugcwele.
Ukudla okunomsoco we "Chernomor" kubonakala ezindaweni zokunambitha, ubukhona beshukela, isisindo samavithamini A, C, B1, B2, PP, potassium, iron, phosphorus.
Ukukhethwa kwezithombo
Uma kungenakwenzeka ukukhulisa izithombo ngokuzimela, ngakho-ke uma uthenga emakethe, umuntu kufanele acabangele lezi zinto ezilandelayo:
- Thatha izitshalo kubathengisi abaningana. Ngisho nomlimi onemifino owaziwayo ngeke akwazi ukubona izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zamatamatisi ngamaqabunga. Ngakho-ke, uma ukhohliswa ngezinhlobonhlobo endaweni eyodwa, khona-ke kuzoba ezinye zezitshalo ezitholakalayo.
- Izimpawu zezithombo ezinempilo: i-trunk elimnyama, okwakhiwa kahle ama-6-7 amaqabunga, ngaphandle kwempawu yokulimala yizilokazane, ukuma kahle emgodini. Uma i-trunk inomzimba omncane noma izitshalo zihlangene - izithombo ezinjalo, cishe, azizange zithukuthele noma zihanjiswe, ngakho-ke kuyoba kubi ukuthatha izimpande.
- Ukuphakama kwezitshalo kungu-30 cm.
- Akufanele uthathe izithombo eziluhlaza kakhulu - kwakunamafutha amaningi ase-nitrogen fertilizer. Kuzothatha izimpande kahle, kodwa izithelo ziyoba zimbi.
- Akukhuthazwa ukuthenga izithombo ngama-ovari. Lokhu kusho ukuthi sekuvele kancane. Uma i-ovary encane, vele uyinqume ukuvumela lesi sitshalo ukuthi sihlale kahle.
Uyazi? I-phytoncides equkethe utamatisi ivimbela umsebenzi wama-microorganisms we-pyogenic. I-gruel ye-utamatisi yamathambo isetshenziselwa ukwelapha amanxeba nezilonda.
Umhlabathi nomanyolo
Imifino ikhula kahle emhlabathini we-alkali, kanye nohlobo oluxekethile, olucebile, olunesihlabathi noma lwe-loamy. Ukuze uthuthukise uhlelo lwempande, utamatisi udinga i-aeration ephezulu, okuyinto kuphela inhlabathi evulekile enganikeza.
Phakathi nenkathi yokukhula, lesi sitshalo sisebenzisa i-potassium ne-nitrogen, kanti ngesikhathi sokuhluma sidinga i-phosphorus.
Eziqhingini ezisetshenziselwa ukusetshenziselwa umhlabathi wonyaka futhi zenziwe nge-oxidized. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokutshala, kubalulekile ukusebenza ukuthuthukisa ukubunjwa kwenhlabathi. 
I-Technique ye:
- Inhlabathi ebusweni bokushisa noma esiteshini imbiwa. Ama-clods of earth aphukile.
- Uma inhlabathi iyanamathele - ukuyiqeda, yenza umlotha, udoti oboshwe, u-choki noma ufulawa wama dolomite. Ngomhlabathi we-acidic, izitshalo zizobuthakathaka ngezitshalo eziphansi, zithinte kakhulu ukutheleleka kokubola.
Ukuze uhlole ubuningi bomhlabathi, faka i-spoonful inhlabathi kusuka embhedeni wensimu esizayo ibe yikhawulini eplastiki, faka i-spoonful of uviniga lapho futhi uvuselele kuze kuhambisane nosawoti omuncu. Ukusabela kwe-alkaline kubonakala ngamabhulebhu emoyeni: i-alkaline engaphezulu inhlabathi, ama-bubbles amaningi. Uma kungekho ukusabela, khona-ke unomhlabathi omuncu.
Uyazi? Ukuqothulwa komhlabathi kwenziwa ngokuxuba inhlabathi engaphezulu (15 cm) nge-lime. Uma nje usakaza i-lime kusayithi, i-calcium equkethwe kuyo ifika ezitshalweni ngokuphelele kungakapheli ngenkathi ezayo. Kubalulekile ukufeza inqubo okungenani kanye njalo eminyakeni emithathu.
Yenza izindlela zokuxoshwa kufanele kube ngamasonto amabili ngaphambi kokutshala izitshalo embhedeni. Nge-lime, izinga lokusabalala liyoba kanje (g / sq. M):
- inhlabathi emuncu - 500 g;
- i-asidi ephakathi - 400 g;
- i-asidi ebuthakathaka - 300 g
Uma udoxisa nge-choki, izinga lesicelo lilandelayo (g / sq. M):
- inhlabathi e-acidic - 250 g;
- i-asidi ephakathi - 200 g;
- kancane acid - 150 g
Isonto emva kokufaka idiphozi, amathanga noma izimbobo zilungele ukutshala. Izinto ezidingekayo utamatisi zilethwa emgodini wokufika.
Ukondla izitshalo, umquba we-nitrogenous, i-phosphate kanye ne-potash usetshenziswe enhlabathini kule mali elandelayo (g / sq. M):
- i-nitrogeni - 30 g;
- i-phosphorus - 12 g;
- i-potassium - 45 g
Iklabishi elimhlophe nekholifulawa, u-anyanisi, ummbila, ne-parsley kukhona ama-tomato ama-precursors amahle. Utamatisi uhlushwa izifo ezifanayo njengama-eggplants, amazambane, i-pepper. Ngakho-ke, utamatisi akufanele itshalwe emva kwabo.
Ukutshala ukujikeleza kuyadingeka, kusukela isitshalo esifanayo noma ukudla okufana nayo, kudonsa izinqolobane zomhlabathi futhi kunomthelela ekwenzeni izinambuzane.
Uyazi? Elinye lamazwe okuqala ukusebenzisa umquba kwakuyiJapane lasendulo. Futhi ama-fertilizer okuqala yimikhiqizo yabantu yokudoba. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, indwangu yabantu abacebile yayigugu kakhulu, ngoba kwakucatshangwa ukuthi yayinomthelela ophezulu wezakhi.
Izimo ezikhulayo
Utamatisi ama-thermophilic. Imbewu ikhula ngo -10 ° C, futhi izinga lokushisa elikhulu lokukhula liyi + 20 ° +28 ° C. Izitshalo azibekezeleli amaqhwa, ngakho zingakwazi ukuhlala emhlabathini ovulekile kungakabikho ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, lapho inhlabathi yomswakama iphela ekuseni. 
Ngaphambi kokuhluma, utamatisi unomsoco ongenamandla - umswakama omuhle womhlabathi ungama-70%. Ngokuntuleka komswakama kuqala ukuwa ovary. Utamatisi yizitshalo zelanga elifushane kanye nokukhanya okukhulu.
Khulisa kahle usuku olude nokungaphazanyiswa, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo bambezela ukuthuthukiswa nokwakheka kwezithelo.
Ukutshala izithombo emhlabathini kwenziwa emigqeni emikhulu nebanga eliphakathi kwabo - 50 cm, naphakathi kwezitshalo - okungenani ama-30 cm. Emva kokutshala, ukugcinwa kuhlanganisa ukukhulula inhlabathi, ukususa ukhula, ukuchelela nokudla.
Ukukhula kusuka imbewu kuya izithombo ekhaya
Ukuze izithombo ezikhulayo zilungiselele ingxube yemvelo ye-turf land kanye ne-humus, ethathwe ngobuningi obulinganayo. Kule nhlanganisela faka 0.5 amalitha enkuni ash ukuvimbela i-acidity yenhlabathi. 
Uma ukhula utamatisi ngonyaka, khona-ke kungaba kuhle ukubeka imbewu embewu yokutshala isitshalo sonyaka odlule. Uma imbewu idinga ukuthengwa, bese uyithenga ezitolo ezikhethekile.
Ngakho ungaqiniseka ukuthi ukubhaliswa kwiphakheji kanye nembewu ngaphakathi kungukuhluka okufanayo. Ukuhluma okuhle kunezinhlobo ngonyaka ngonyaka odlule - banamatamatisi athile ozwakalayo. Ungathengi izimpahla kumaphakheji ngaphandle kokuphila kwe-shelf, uqhubekile futhi ube nezinkinga ezihlukahlukene.
Kubalulekile! Ukugcina imbewu kufanele kube ekamelweni elifudumele. Ukuhlala isikhathi eside emazingeni okushisa aphansi kunciphisa ukuhluma kwazo ngo-50-60%.
Ukulungiselela imbewu
Ukuhluma kuthatha imbewu ephuzi enempilo. Okokuqala baphathwa ngamanzi ashisayo ekushiseni kwe-+60 ° C. Ungathuthukisa imbewu ngesibani sezibhebhe ekushiseni okufanayo. Inhloso yalokhu kusebenza ukungasebenzi ngokutheleleka okungenzeka nge-pathogenic microflora ngesikhathi sokugcina. 
Ukuze i-disinfection, imbewu nayo iphathwa ngesisombululo se-1% se-manganese potassium amahora angu-24.
Imbewu ehambayo yenziwa emazingeni okushisa ngenhla +22 ° C. Imbewu emanzi emgodini ogcwele i-gauze noma i-bandage emanzi. Umswakama ugcina kahle umswakama okudingekayo futhi udlulise oksijini. Kunconywa futhi ukuba lukhuni imbewu.
Imodi eqinile: Amahora angu-19 esiqandisini, bese amahora angu-5 ekamelweni. Isikhathi esinzima - izinsuku ezingu-5.
Okuqukethwe nendawo
Ngemuva kokuqina, imbewu ihlwanyelwa emabhokisini. Iviki ngaphambi kokufika, iziqukathi ezinomhlabathi zivutha ngaphakathi endlini yokushisa kwamahhala. Kulesi simo, inhlabathi ithululelwa kakhulu ngesisombululo se-1% se-manganese potassium. 
Ingxenye yezithombo emva kokufakelwa kokushiswa kubulawe, enye ingxenye izofa kusuka ezinambuzane ezihlukahlukene emva kokutshala izitshalo ezenziwe ngomumo emhlabathini. Ngakho-ke, izithombo zihlale zikhula ngamaphesenti angama-30 ngaphezulu kunesidingo.
Uyazi? Ama-amato utamatisi yi-aphrodisiacs ekhuthaza amandla ezocansi amadoda. Ukunambitheka kwalezi utamatisi kunamandla kakhulu, futhi iphunga liyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.
Inqubo yokutshala imbewu
Imbewu ihlwanyelwa ibanga phakathi kwemigqa ye-3 cm, phakathi kwembewu - u-2 cm. Kusukela ngenhla imbewu ifafazwe ngendwangu yomhlaba (2 cm). Emva kokutshala, uthele okuqukethwe kwebhokisi ngaphandle kokunisela futhi umboze ngefilimu ngezinsuku ezingu-3-4. Amahlumela avela ngosuku 7-10.
Ngesikhathi sokukhula, izithombo zondliwa kabili ngesisombululo sezakhi endaweni:
- superphosphate - 30 g;
- i-potassium chloride - 20 g;
- i-ammonium nitrate - 20 g;
- amanzi - 10 l.
Ukufika emhlabathini kwenzeka ezinsukwini ezingu-50-60 zokukhula.
Ukunakekelwa kwesithombo
Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izitshalo zokukhula ezinhle zidinga ukukhanya okungenani amahora angu-10 ngosuku. Ukuze uhlele ukukhanya okufanayo, sebenzisa izibani ze-fluorescent. Ungasebenzisi ukukhanya okungokwemvelo kuphela - izitshalo zizofinyelela emthonjeni wokukhanya futhi iziqu zizobe zithandwa kakhulu.
Ukushisa kwesikhashana kwezitshalo akufanele kuwele ngezansi +20 ° С, kufanele kube sezingeni + 22 ... +26 ° С. Ubusuku - hhayi ngezansi +17 ° С. Ukunisela kwenziwa njalo ngezinsuku ezinhlanu nge-caning.
Ukukhethwa kokuqala kwenziwa emva kokuvela kweqabunga lesithathu langempela. Izithombo zihlezi ezindebe. Isiqu sigxila emhlabathini kuze kube khona amaqabunga. Lokhu kuzokwenza uhlelo lwempande olunamandla. 
Ukhetho lwesibili lwenziwa ezinkomeni ezinkulu emva kwamasonto amathathu. Uma utshala amaqabunga e-cotyledon asuswa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo yenza ukudla.
Ukutshala izithombo phansi
Emathisitini emhlabathini atshalwe ekuqaleni kukaMe ngezinsuku ezingama-50-60esimweni sezulu esingenasimo sezulu.
Ukutshala, isitshalo esivela ekomishini sitshalwe ndawonye nomhlabathi emithonjeni noma emgodini wokutshala kuya ekujuleni okufanayo okwakungesikhathi sokukhula izithombo. Uma lesi sitshalo sibhekene nokukhula, ungasitshala ngaphansi komthambeka ukuze ingxenye ye-trunk ifinyelele emgodini.
Le ngxenye izohluma yizimpande ezizosiza isitshalo ukuba sibe namandla. Ibanga eliphakathi kwezitshalo zomunye ngokulandelana ngu-30 cm, phakathi kwemigqa okungenani ngu-50 cm. 
Uyazi? Akuwona wonke utamatisi obumnyama obunombala omnyama omnyama. Iningi linemibala emnyama ebomvu nebomvu. Izithelo zalo mbala zibizwa nge-Kumato. "I-Chernomor" - enye yalezi zinhlobonhlobo.
Ubuchwepheshe bezolimo zezitshalo ze-tomato ezikhulayo emhlabathini ovulekile
Kungenzeka ukutshala imbewu kokubili emhlabathini ovulekile nasendaweni yokugcina izithombo. Uma ukhulile ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, kubalulekile ukucabangela umphumela wezinga lokushisa ekukhuleni, ekukhiqizeni nasekunikezeni izidakamizwa zalawo utamatisi.
Ukuze uthole isivuno esifike ngesikhathi, kubalulekile ukumboza izitshalo ebusuku nobusuku obupholile. Futhi uma usebenzisa ama-fertilizer - ukucubungula yonke indawo yesayithi, kodwa ukuyibeka ngqo endaweni yesimiso.
Izimo zangaphandle
Utamatisi yizitshalo ezishisayo kakhulu ezithuthuka kahle ekushiseni kwezulu. Futhi isitshalo esimweni sethu sibhekene nezinguquko ngokuzumayo emakhazeni asebusuku nabusuku. 
Ngakho-ke, ukuze uthole isivuno esihle sotamatisi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izitshalo zidinga ukwakha izimo ezikhululekile zokuthuthukiswa, okungukuthi, izinga lokushisa ebusuku alingaphansi kuka -17 ° C. Lokhu kungenzeka kuphela nge-greenhouse noma ukushisa okushisa.
Izinto zanamuhla zokugcina izithombo zokugcina izithombo zilungisa kahle izinga lokushisa ebusuku, futhi zivumela izitshalo ukuba zithole isibalo esanele sokukhanya. Utamatisi nazo zikhanya kakhulu-zidinga. Ngakho-ke, ukutshala kwabo akufanele kube khona eduze kuka-1.5 m kusuka ezakhiweni nasemkhakheni ongenakwenzeka emithini.
Inqubo yokutshala imbewu emhlabathini
Izithombo zamatamatisi zitshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile ekuqaleni kukaMeyi emva kokuphela kwenhlabathi. Umanyolo usetshenziselwa umhlabathi oqoshiwe. Uma ukutshala kwenziwa emithonjeni, khona-ke imifino isetshenziselwa ngamunye.
Uma ukutshala kwenzeka emgodini wokutshala, khona-ke umanyolo usatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo phakathi nobude bawo bonke. 
Amanzi amaningi athululelwa esihlahleni kahle ukuze enze umhlabathi ube mnandi. Ihlumela ifakwa kuyo kanye nenhlabathi lapho ikhula khona.
Umhlabathi wamanzi uyovumela izimpande ukuba ziphenduke kahle futhi ziqale ukuthatha izimpande. Ngemuva kokuba umswakama owedlulele ubanjwe, imithombo imbozwe ngama-humus, i-peat noma umhlaba owomile. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-2-3, ukuchelela kwenziwa futhi futhi izitshalo ezintsha zitshalwe esikhundleni salokho ezingakaqalwanga.
Uma ukutshala kukwenziwa ngembewu ehlwanyelwe, bese befakwa emgodini ngendlela yebhande. Ngaphambi kokubeka imbewu, inhlabathi iyanisela, bese ifafazwa umhlaba ukuze ubukhulu besikhumba somhlabathi bube ngu-2 cm.
Ukumboza ukuhlwanyela ifilimu nomkhawulo ezinhlangothini. Emva kokuvela kwezithombo, ukugqoka ifilimu kuphakanyiswa ukuze kutholakale ukushisa okuncane. 
Lolu hlelo luthuthukisa umbuso wokushisa futhi lunegalelo ekuhlumeni okusheshayo nokunciphisa izitshalo.
Utamatisi abasha okukhula ensimini akudingi ukudonsa. Ezinye izitshalo kumele zisuswe uma imbewu iphuma kakhulu kakhulu, noma ifakwe kabusha uma ingazange ikhule kwenye ingxenye yomugqa.
Uyazi? Uma izitshalo zikhulile endaweni yokushisa, zihlanganiswa nefilimu ebusuku, futhi phakathi nosuku lapho zisusa khona ifilimu. Ezinsukwini ezibandayo zemvula, ikhava ayisusiwe.
Ukunisela
Entwasahlobo inhlabathi iqukethe umswakama okuningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, utamatisi esiqhingini se-fruiting nesineke kahle. Ngakho-ke, ukuchelela kuyadingeka lapho inhlabathi iqala ukuma. Emoyeni ashisa kakhulu, amanzi kufanele aphuze okungenani kanye ngesonto. Izinga lokunisela: 40-50 amalitha amanzi ezitshalo ezingu-6-8. 
Ukushisa kwamanzi akufanele kube ngezansi +14 ° С. Akunakwenzeka ukuqondisa umfudlana wamanzi esitshalweni noma ezimpandeni. Lapho inhlabathi ihlanjululwa ngaphandle kwempande, utamatisi uzolahlekelwa ukuzinza, futhi umswakama owedlule emaqabungeni uzoheha izinambuzane ezinambuzane.
Umhlaba ukhulula futhi ukhula
Ukukhululeka kwenziwa njengoba kudingeka futhi emva kokunisela ngamunye. Njengoba uhlelo lwempande lusondela eduze komhlaba, kunconywa ukumboza inhlabathi ngemuva kokuchelela nge-sawdust noma kumanki. Ukujula kwe-tillage kungu-4-8 cm.
Imisebenzi ikhululeka:
- ukuhlinzeka nge-aeration yesistimu yempande;
- ukulawula ukhula;
- ukuqeda izibungu zezinambuzane ezihlala emhlabathini.
Ungakwazi ukukhulula inyosi yezitshalo, umlimi wezogesi noma umshini. Uma isimo sezulu sezulu - bese kukhululeka ngemuva kokuba inhlabathi idle. 
Masking
Ukususwa kwamahlumela amancane, akhiwa emaqeleni e-leaf, abizwa ngokuthi pasynkovaniem. Le nqubo idlala indima ebalulekile ekwakheni isihlahla. Amanqamu asuswe uma efinyelela ku-3-4 cm, eshiya isincanyana encane ibe yi-1 cm.
Funda ukuthi kufanele kanjani ukuba utamatisi wezinhlanzi kahle ku-greenhouse, kanye nasensimini.
Abathengisi baphula ngomlomo ngeminwe yabo. Isitshalo ngaphandle kwamahlumela ohlangothini luveza izithelo ezinkulu kanye nezitshalo eziphakeme. Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yokuthi izakhi zithunyelwa ezitshalweni futhi azisebenzisiwe ekukhuleni kwamachashaza angeziwe. 
Ibhande le-Garter
Lapho izitshalo zifinyelela ukuphakama kwama-20-30 cm, ziboshwe ku-trellis noma kumaphegi.Ukubopha kwi-trellis enezingqimba kuvame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu.
I-Chernomor ingafinyelela eziqongweni ezifinyelela ku-2 m, ngakho-ke ku-greenhouse lezi zinhlobonhlobo ziboshelwe ku-trellis ebonakalayo, okuyi-attachment yamatamatisi ku-plafini yokushisa okuluhlaza. Njengoba lesi sitshalo sikhula, intambo iqinisiwe.
Funda ukuthi ubopha kanjani utamatisi endaweni evulekile, nokuthi kanjani ku-greenhouse, kanjani ukusebenzisa iziqeshana ze-garter.
Umsebenzi wokuhlanganisa - ngokulinganayo usakaze isisindo sesithelo esitshalweni. Esinye isihlahla "i-Chernomor" singakhiqiza cishe u-4 kg utamatisi emhlabathini ovulekile kuze kufike ku-12 kg endaweni yokushisa. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlanganiswa kuyadingeka ukuze kunciphise ukucindezeleka phezu kwesiqu kanye namahlumela.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zemiklamo ye-garters:
- trellis enezingqimba;
- trellis vertical;
- izinsimbi noma izikhonkwane zokhuni;
- ucingo oluncane oluzungeze isitshalo;
- i-garter ukuyohlobisa.
Uyazi? Utamatisi aphethwe impova ngaphandle kwezinambuzane, kodwa ngosizo lomoya. Uma utamatisi wakho ekhula ngaphakathi kokushisa, khona-ke ukuthola isivuno esihle badinga ukuvotelwa impova ngosizo lwomoya osebenzayo. Ungaphinda uthinte i-twine ehlanganiswe nesitshalo ngasinye ngenduku.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ukudla kokuqala kwenziwa ngezinsuku ezingu-10-15 emva kokutshala, okwesibili - ekuqaleni kokuqhakaza, okwesithathu - ngesikhathi sezithelo.
Ukusetshenziswa kokudla:
- i-ammonium nitrate - 15 g;
- superphosphate - 20-30 g;
- i-potassium sulphate - 15-20 g;
- amanzi - 10 l.
Izambatho eziphezulu ziletha ngaphansi kwempande enhlabathini emvula. Ukunisela okulandelayo kulandela emva kwezinsuku ezingu-7-10 emva kokudla. 
Izinambuzane, izifo nokuvimbela
Izinhlobonhlobo "I-Chernomor" zithinteka ukulimala okwesikhashana. Lesi sifo sibonakala ngesimo samabala aluhlaza emaqabini nasezithelo. Ukuphalaza kokuqala i-Bordeaux liquid ngokumelene phytophtoras yenziwa lapho ama-ovari eqala ukuvela.
Ngemva kwamasonto amabili, ukupopula kuphindiwe. Ukusifiphaza kwesithathu kwenziwa ngesisombululo sikagalikhi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, u-50 g wegalikhi uchotshoziwe, uthele i-1 l amanzi futhi ufake amahora angu-12. Phuza amanzi ngamalitha ayi-10 uphinde ufeze izitshalo.
Ukuvimbela ukutheleleka, izitshalo zifakwe nge "Phytosporin". Izitamatisi ezinesifo kakade ziphathwa nge-Famoxadone ne-Mefenoxam.
Ezinye izinhlobo zokungcoliswa kwebhaktheriya:
- i-mosaic;
- umlenze omnyama;
- indawo emnyama;
- izinhlobo ezahlukene zokubola.
Ama-pathogens, njengomthetho, akhona emvelweni njalo, kodwa asebenza kuphela uma izimo ezihle zenzeka. Labo ekuthuthukiseni ukulimala okuphelile nakwezinye izifo ukukhula komswakama ngemuva kwemvula enzima noma yokuchelela.
Kubalulekile! Ungadluli isilinganiso esivumelekile samakhemikhali. Ngisho nezidakamizwa ezinobuthi obuphansi ziyingozi kubantu. Akunakwenzeka nokudla izithelo uma ukwelashwa kwamakhemikhali kwezitshalo kwenzeka ngaphansi kwezinsuku ezingu-20 ezedlule.
UMoseki ubonakala njengamabala amhlophe emaqabini nasezithelo. Kuthathwe ama-aphid. Ayikho indlela ephumelelayo yokubhekana nayo, ngakho izingxenye ezithintekile zesitshalo zibhujiswa. Umlenze omnyama noma ukubola kwezimpande kubonakala ngendlela yokumnyama kwesitshalo sesitshalo, kulandelwa ukuphoqa.
Njengendlela yokuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo, ukupuniza kwenziwa nge "Pseudobacterin-2". 
Ukutholakala kwebala elimnyama kuphathwa ngokusifafaza i-fungicides.
Imithi enjalo njenge "Scor", "Shintsha", "Thanos", "DNOC", "Fundazol", "Signum", "Cumulus", "Healer", "Alette", "Merpen" ibhekwa njengamafungicides.
Izinambuzane eziyingozi kakhulu izinambuzane yizo ezithoba uhlelo lwempande, okuholela ekufeni kwesitshalo. Lezi zihlanganisa izibungu zakwaMebot and Medvedka.
Phakathi kwezinyathelo zokulwa nezinambuzane zenhlabathi yizinto ezilandelayo:
- ukumba umhlabathi;
- ukwakha izicupho ezikhethekile zezinambuzane;
- ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezinobuthi.
Izinambuzane ze-Leaf zifakiwe. Isibonelo, i-Proteus yezidakamizwa isetshenziselwa ukulwa nama-aphid. Ukuphalaza kwenziwa ngesimo sezulu esomile, esingenamoya ngezigaba eziningana nge-interval of days 3-5.
Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izinambuzane ezintsha zingakwazi ukuxosha amaqanda ezinsukwini ezimbalwa noma okulandelayo kungabuka. 
Lokhu kuyiqiniso nakakhulu ezimweni lapho izinambuzane zihamba ezindiza utamatisi kusuka kwenye indawo.
Ukuvuna nokugcina
Ukuvuna kungenziwa njengoba izithelo zivuthwa zonke izinsuku ezintathu. Isigaba sokuvuthwa "Chernomor" singena ezinsukwini ezingu-110-120 emva kokufika. Ukuze isitoreji isivuno sibekiwe emabhokisini. Beka izithelo endaweni enomoya omile.
Kuyinto engathandeki ukubeka utamatisi emigqeni engaphezu kweminye, ngenxa yokuvuthwa okukhulu kwamatamatisi aphansi kungonakaliswa. Zama ukubeka izithelo ezinzima nakakhulu. Izendlalelo zingadluliselwa ngephepha noma ukushisa kokushisa.
Uyazi? Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi utamatisi uyaqhubeka nokukhula ngisho nangenkathi ephukile, ngakho-ke angeke abekwe ngokuqinile.
Izithelo kuphela ezingenayo izibonakaliso zesifo zifakwa kwisitoreji. Ungagcina utamatisi ovuthiwe cishe amasonto amathathu. Izithelo ezingapheli zigcinwa isikhathi eside. Geza utamatisi kufanele ube masinyane ngaphambi kokudla. 
Izinkinga nezincomo ezingenzeka
Izimo ezinhle zokukhula nokuhluma - isihluthulelo sokuvuna kwakho. Ukuze ujabulele ukuvunwa okuphezulu, ukondla izitshalo ngesikhathi esifanele futhi ulawule izimo abakhulayo: umswakama, izinga lokushisa, ukubukeka kwezinambuzane.
Futhi futhi ufeze izinyathelo ze-agrotechnical ezifika ngesikhathi: ukukhulelwa, ukukhulula inhlabathi, ukuchelela, ukuphuza umoya (izitshalo zokushisa).
Izimbali eziwa, amaqabunga noma izithelo kungaba yinkinga yokuvuna esizayo. Isibonakaliso sokuqala sokuwa kwama-ovari noma amaqabunga kungukuntuleka komswakama emhlabathini kanye namanyolo we-nitrogenous. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izitshalo zichitha amaqabunga azo ngaphansi kwezimo eziphansi noma ngenxa yezifo ezifayo.
Njengoba isitshalo esithandekayo, utamatisi awubekezeli umthunzi emithini noma ukutshala okukhulu. Khumbula ukuthi izitshalo ezihlwanyelwe kakhulu - lokhu akuyona isiqinisekiso sokuvunwa okuphezulu, kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi ukwehla kwayo kunciphise ngenxa yokunciphisa nokuthunjwa. 
Uma i-ovary iwa, yenza umsoco owengeziwe. Uma izithelo ziwela, kungasho ukuthi isitshalo sithinteka uhlobo oluthile lokubola. Phatha amahlumela ngenhlanganisela yethusi le-sulphate, i-zinc kanye ne-urea.
Njengoba ungabona, ukunakekelwa utamatisi akuyona inkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Umthetho wayo oyinhloko ukulinganisa kwezinyathelo ze-agrotechnical. Kulokhu kuncike ekuvuneni kwezitshalo. Khulisa iChernomor ensimini noma ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo futhi ujabulele isivuno esikhulu.
