I-Cordyceps ibizwa ngoluhlu lwezinto zokwelapha ezimangalisayo. Imithi yasendulo yaseMpumalanga iye yakwenza ukusetshenziswa kwamafungus okuphulukisa okujwayelekile amakhulu eminyaka.
Kuyini, lapho ikhula khona, kulokho okusizayo, futhi kuboniswa kubani, uzothola izimpendulo zale mibuzo neminye kamuva kulesi sihloko.
Incazelo yemvelo
Namuhla, i-Cordyceps mushroom ithandwa emhlabeni jikelele. Esimweni sayo esivuthiwe, kufana nesibungu esomile esimnyama esinombala omnyama obomvu obomvu. Ekuphileni kwansuku zonke kubizwa ngokuthi "ukhunta we-caterpillar".
Uyazi? Izwe lafunda ngoCordyceps ekuqaleni kweminyaka engu-90, lapho abadlali bamaShayina babonisa impumelelo engakaze yenzeke emincintiswaneni yomhlaba, ebonisa imiphumela yomlando. Umeluleki weqembu likazwelonke le-Olimpiki laseChina kanye nomqeqeshi oyinhloko esifundazweni saseFujian, uGuo Yuehua, uthe ukuphumelela kwaqothulwa ngenxa ye-mushroom emangalisayo. Ikhomishana ye-Olimpiki ayiboni njengokuthi i-doping kanye nemvume yokusebenzisa.
Ama-botanists afaka le fungus ama-parasitic formations we-genus sporyne. Lezi yi-pyrenomycetes ezingaphazamisa ezinye izinhlobo zezinambuzane: izimpukane, izintuthwane, amvemvane kanye nezibungu. Lapho ekwindla kwenkathi yekwindla iwela engxenyeni enezinwele zomzimba ophilayo, i-fungus iqala ukuhluma ngendlela enamandla. Ngentwasahlobo, uyamqeda ngokuphelele umnikazi futhi ammise. Ngesikhathi sasebusika, i-hyphae ende egcwele i-mycelium ikhula ngezinhlamvu ezincane. Ziqukethe izinsalela zezinambuzane ezifile kanye nomzimba wamakhowe.
Eminye imithi i-shiitake mushroom ethandwa kakhulu, equkethe i-lentinan, ene-anti-cancer effect effect.
Ibukeka obungavamile kakhulu. Ngokuvamile abantu abaqapheli ngisho nezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ngaphansi kwezinyawo zabo. Ihlukaniswe nezinambuzane futhi ithola umbala omnyama obomvu, futhi ngaphakathi kungcolile ngokuphelele. Ubukhulu befungus abudluli amasentimitha angu-13 ngobude nezingamamitha amathathu ububanzi. Njengomthetho, ikhula esisekelweni nasesiphakameni, ekwenzeni phakathi okuphakathi. I-Cordyceps inephunga elimnandi elimnandi nelinambitheka elimnandi.
Emvelweni, kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-400 zalezi fungi. Sekungamakhulu eminyaka, imithi yase-Asia ibilokhu iwahlonipha ngenxa yezinto eziwusizo kakhulu zokwelapha. Futhi imikhuba yaseNtshonalanga inakekele izakhiwo zabo zokuphulukisa nje nje nje.
Uyazi? Ezokudla zesiShayina, kunezitsha eziningi, isithako esiyinhloko esiyi-fungus ye-caterpillar. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-larva ye-host ishicilelwe ekubunjweni kwayo. Izindleko zokudla okunjalo zivela ku-1 kuya ku-3 000 zamaRandi ase-US.
Kuphi okukhulayo
EYurophu, i-fungus yesibungu ingatholakala ngaphandle kwama-pharmacy nama laboratories. Ngoba indawo yalo i-Tibet, lapho kutholakala khona izibonelo ezinjalo. Namuhla, ukutholakala kwezintambo kutholakala ngobuningi eChina, umbuso waseBhutan, iNepal namazwe asenyakatho ye-India.
Indawo enokuzondeka yokuphikisana kwezidakamizwa yizintaba zaseTibetan, eziphakeme ngamamitha angu-3 500 ngaphezu kolwandle. Ososayensi baye babonisa ukuthi kuthatha iminyaka emibili ukuba ikhule i-mushroom hyphalus egcwele, okuyinto amagciwane asetshenziswa emhlabathini, ayithatha izakhi ezivela kuso. 
Yingakho i-mycelium ikwazi ukwakha ngaphezu kwebusika. Ngokufanayo, ziphila kuphela ekuqaleni kwekwindla. Futhi ngaphambi kwalokho, ukuwa nomoya ezitshalweni ezondla izibungu, azibonakali ngokwayo.
Ubuchwepheshe banamuhla buye benza lula ukufuna iCordyceps, okuyivumela ukuba iqale ukulima okufakelwayo ebhokisatri ngaphandle kokubamba izinambuzane. Ukutholakala okunjalo kwenze ukuphumelela kwangempela, okwenza izinto ezibonakalayo zifinyeleleke kalula kubathengi abaningi.
Kubalulekile! Amakhowe akhuliwe ngokungafani ahluke ekubunjweni kwamakhemikhali avela emasimini asendle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zisebenza kakhulu.
Ukwenziwa kwamakhemikhali
Izakhiwo zokuphulukisa ze-fungus ye-parasitic ngenxa yeqoqo layo eliyingqayizivele lezingxenye. Kutholakala emzimbeni wesithelo:
- i-nucleosides;
- i-antioxidants;
- i-steride;
- i-polysaccharides;
- amaprotheni (0.6 g);
- i-carbohydrate (58 g);
- Amino acid ebalulekile;
- amavithamini (ascorbic kanye nicotinic acids, calciferol, tocopherol, B amavithamini, phylloquinone);
- amaminerali (calcium, zinc, selenium, potassium, iron, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, boron);
- adenine;
- i-adenosine;
- i-cholesterol palmitate;
- i-cordycetic acid;
- i-ergosterol peroxide;
- guanidine;
- ama-coenzymes;
- i-thymine;
- i-thymidine;
- uracil;
- ama-enzyme;
- deoxyadenosine.
Ingxenye ye-stogramm yegumbi lomzimba iqukethe ama-kilocalories angu-235.
Izindawo zokwelapha nazo zinamakhowe akhule endaweni yethu. Sincoma ukuthi uthole ukuthi uyasiza kanjani nokuthi ungasebenzisa kanjani amakhowe ama-boletus, ama-honey agarics, ama-ceps, ama-champignons, ama-reishi, amakhowe amata, ama-chanterelles, ama-boletus.
Izakhiwo eziwusizo
Ngaphandle kokwedlulisa ikhono, iCordyceps emisebenzini yezokwelapha zaseMpumalanga ilingana nokuphilisa jikelele izifo eziningi. Emhlabeni, leli khowa libhekwa njengeliphumelela kakhulu embusweni wama-mushroom ngokwemiphumela yalo emzimbeni womuntu futhi ebiza kakhulu.
Uyazi? I-Cordyceps yase-Wild yavusa impi yombango eNepal. Isizathu salokhu kwakungamaMaoists wendawo, aphikisana nohulumeni futhi ngazo zonke izindlela afuna ukulawula ukuthengiswa kwezimali okuzuzayo ngesikhathi se-mushroom.Nazi ezinye zazo:
- i-bactericidal;
- i-antiviral (i-fungus iphumelela ngokumelene ne-herpes, i-influenza kanye nokutheleleka okuthelelekile kwe-virus);
- anti-inflammatory;
- i-antioxidant;
- i-antiallergic;
- i-antidiabetic;
- ihlanza umzimba wezinto ezinobuthi, i-radionuclides, izinsimbi ezinzima kanye ne-toxin eqoqiwe;
- ukuphulukiswa kwesilonda;
- i-immunomodulatory;
- anti-asthma;
- ukucindezeleka (okusetshenziselwa ukulala, ukuphazamiseka kwesimiso somsangaphakathi, ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa nokucindezeleka);
- tonic (kusiza umzimba ukuba ululame kusukela ukugula eside, ukuhlinzwa, ukuzivocavoca kanye nokusebenza kwengqondo);
Futhi i-cordyceps:
- ivuselela ithoni ye-muscle;
- ubulala i-microflora ye-pathogenic;
- kujwayelekile uhlelo lwesimo senhliziyo;
- kuthuthukisa inani legazi nokugeleza kwegazi;
- kushukumisa ubuchopho nomnyofu wethambo;
- kujwayelekile ukwenza izinqubo zemithi emzimbeni;
- kushukumisa uhlelo lokuzala emadodeni nakwabesifazane (okuphumelelayo kokungabikho nokukhubazeka);
- Unomphumela we-expectorant (usiza nge-bronchitis, ukukhwehlela, ukuphefumula);
- kunomthelela ekusimeni kwamazinga e-hormonal kanye nesistimu ye-endocrine;
- ikhuthaza ukukhula kwezinwele nezipikili, ithuthukise isimo sesikhumba, ihlehlise ukuguga ngaphambi kwesikhathi;
- ukuvimbela ukwakheka kwamatshe ezinso;
- kuthuthukisa amehlo;
- ulwa nomdlavuza;
- asetshenziselwa ngempumelelo ukwelashwa nokuvinjelwa kwe-thrombophlebitis kanye nemivimbo ye-varicose.
Uyazi? Namuhla, iNepal ihola indlela ekuvuneni izinto zokusetshenziswa zamakhowe ezinambuzane, ngaphambi kweChina, eThailand naseJapane. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ezweni, ukuqoqwa kwe-cordyceps kwaba ngokomthetho kuphela ngo-2001..
Kuphi okudayiswayo, nokuthi ungakhetha kanjani
Esimweni esisha noma esomile, ungathola izintambo kuphela ezindaweni zokukhula kwawo. Kodwa lungele, ukuthi ezweni lakubo le-fungus inani lentengo ye-kilogram 1 liqala kusuka kuma-25 kuya ku-100 ama-euro ayizinkulungwane. Naphezu kwezindleko eziphezulu, umkhiqizo udinga kakhulu emakethe yomhlaba wonke. Ukuqhubeka kulokhu, izithako eziningi zokudla zivela kuma-pharmacy. 
Ukuze uthenge amaphilisi wangempela avela ku-agent ephulukisayo, ungalokothi uwathengise ezandleni zakho, ngoba ukuthandwa komkhiqizo kubangele ukukhukhula kwamakethe emakethe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izazi zixwayisa ngokukhona kwezinhlobo ezinobuthi ze-genus ergot, abadayisi abangenangqondo abakhishwayo ngenxa yokwelashwa kwezidakamizwa.
Ukuze uhlukanise ngokucacile phakathi kwezinto eziwusizo eziwusizo kanye nama-fakes, gxila emthonjeni omhlophe weqhwa we-fungus, iphunga elimnandi nelinambitheka elimnandi. Khumbula ukuthi isicelo sakho sihlotshaniswa nomkhiqizo ongavamile okhula ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu emazingeni okushisa aphansi ngokuphakama okuthile. Le nuance ibangela izindleko zayo.
Kuzoba usizo kulabo abasebenzisa amakhowe amancane ukuze bathole ukuthi amakhowe adle futhi anobuthi akhule ezindaweni zaseLeningrad, Volgograd, Kaliningrad naseCrimea.
Akukhona nje amakhowe, kodwa nezinambuzane ezinomzimba ezisetshenziselwa izinhloso zokwelapha. Ku-fungus yeqiniso yesibungu, kukhona njalo izingxenye ezimbili: inambuzane kanye nehlumela elibhebhethekile. Kukholelwa ukuthi izimfanelo ezizuzisa kunazo zonke izidumbu ezinkulu zezithelo, ubukhulu bayo obufinyelela ngamasentimitha angu-13.
Kunzima kakhulu ukucacisa ubuqiniso bezinto ezithengwa zokudla ezithengiwe, ngoba abakhiqizi abahlale bethembekile namakhasimende. Kulesi simo, funda ngokucophelela ulwazi emalebula wezidakamizwa, unake izwe elivela kuwo kanye nokwakheka.
Ngokuvame ngamabhodlela ngamaphilisi amancane abhala: "cordyceps sinensis", "dong zhong chang cao", "dongchongxiacao", "semitake".
Kubalulekile! Uma uthenga izidakamizwa, njalo ubuze umthengisi ngesitifiketi sokuvumelana. Kufanele ixwayiswe uma ithola ukwenqaba ukunikeza le dokhumenti. Ngempela, kuvela kuye ukuthi umthengi angathola ulwazi oluphelele ngomkhiqizo. Ochwepheshe bacebisa ukwenza ukuthenga okunjalo ngokuqondile kubanikezeli abasemthethweni.
Ungathatha kanjani: isilinganiso
Ngokusho kwezindlela zokwelapha zemithi yendabuko yaseShayina, Izinga lansuku zonke ze-cordyceps zasendle likhawulelwe ku-5-10 amagremu. Uma uthenge ukwakheka kokwelashwa okusekelwe emzimbeni wesithelo, ngesimo samaphilisi, amanzi noma i-powder, umthamo ulungiswa ngokuvumelana nemiyalelo yomkhiqizi. Khumbula ukuthi izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyishumi nambili, izidakamizwa ezinjalo ziphikisana.
Abantu abasha nabadala ngosuku, ungakwazi ukuphuza amaphilisi amabili. Ngaphambi kokuthatha lokhu kubalulekile ukuzijwayeza ngemilayezo yokusetshenziswa kwesidakamizwa esithile, ngokubheka ukuphikisana okungahle kwenzeke nemiphumela emibi.
Ngingayisebenzisa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ne-lactation
Omama nabaphumelelayo ngesikhathi sokulahlwa akufanele bangabe besongela impilo yabo ekuhlolweni okunjalo kokwelapha. Phela, i-fungus yemvelaphi ye-parasitic kanye nokubunjwa kwayo iqukethe izingxenye eziningi ezihlukene, ithonya lalo elingakafundiwe ezingeni elifanele.
Kukholelwa ukuthi ukugcoba akuyona imbangela enkulu ekuziphatheni komzimba uma uthatha futhi uphawula. Noma kunjalo, izingane zezingane nezigciwane zezinzwa ziphikisana ngokuyinhloko nemithi yamaShayina. Futhi kuyoba yilapho ososayensi benza isiphetho sabo mayelana nezinzuzo noma umonakalo wefungus. Ngempela, naphezu kwemikhuba eminyaka eminingi yokuphatha le fungus, okwamanje awekho izifundo zokwelashwa ezizoqinisekisa noma ziphike ukuphumelela komkhiqizo.
Kubalulekile! Umuthi uthathwa kahle ebusuku ngilazi yamanzi afudumele. Ngokusho kochwepheshe abavela emkhakheni wezokwelapha okuphelele, isikhathi esihle sokungenwa amahora angu-21-23. Inkambo yokwelapha ihlala izinsuku ezingu-45-60.
Ukungafani
Isenzo esikhulu se-fungus esiyinkimbinkimbi singabangela izinkinga ezinkulu zempilo emzimbeni. Njengoba kunikezwa ukuthi izindawo zayo aziqondi kahle, odokotela abancoma ukuthi bathathe i-Cordyceps kubantu abathintekayo abanalo:
- izifo ezithathelwanayo ngokuzenzakalelayo (ukuphefumula okuningi);
- i-systemic lupus erythematosus;
- i-rheumatoid arthritis.
- i-anticoagulants;
- imithi ekhuthaza ukwandiswa kwe-bronchi;
- ama-immunosuppressants (i-cyclophosphamide, i-prednisone).
Ukubuyekeza
