Ama-strawberries afanelekile ukuphatha isikhundla esiphambili ohlwini lwama-berries amaningi kakhulu ehlobo. Ukuthola abantu abangamelana nokuphatha okunambitheka cishe akunakwenzeka, ngaphandle kwalabo abaphikisana nayo, ngokwemvelo. I-drawback kuphela ye-strawberries yisikhathi esifushane se-fruiting, okusobala ukuthi akwanele ukudla amajikijolo asuka enhliziyweni.
Kukhona izindaba ezinhle zezinhlanzi ze-strawberries - abakhiqizi baye bahlakulela ukuvuthwa okusabalalisa, okuqala ukuthela izithelo, ngesikhathi izinhlobo eziningi zingena esigabeni sokuphumula.
Incazelo ehlukahlukene
Izinhlobonhlobo "Pandora" zakhiwe e-UK ngabalimi bendawo ngokuwela izinhlobo "Fragaria" ne "Ananassa". Kungenxa yezinhlobo zokuvuthwa okuphuzile - ukuphakama kwe-fruiting ekupheleni kukaJulayi, okuyinto ngokungangabazeki inzuzo enkulu.
"Pandora" akuyona ukuhlukahluka okuphindaphindiwe, kepha, noma kunjalo, uma usuvune isivuno, uyobe umangazwe ngobukhulu bamajikijolo kanye nenambitheka yabo ejabulisayo ongayithokozisa ekupheleni kwenkathi yesitshalobhisi.
Isici esihlukile se "Pandora" ngaphambi kokunye izinhlobo ze-sitrobheli isidingo sezinambuzane ngesikhathi sezimbali.
Njengomuthi wempova, ungatshala i-strawberry "Malvina" efana nokuvuthwa, noma i-sitrobheli "Maxim", "Florence", "Vicoda".
Izici zamajikijolo nokuvunwa
Emagqumeni amancane akhula amajikijolo amahle amakhulu, isisindo saso singama-30-60 g. Cishe u-400 g wezithelo zamanzi angaqoqwa esihlahleni esisodwa. I-pulp yamajikijolo avuthiwe anombala obomvu ocebile, ukhululekile ekwakheni, emanzini, kodwa ama-strawberries awalahlekelwa ukuma kwawo ngesikhathi sokuthutha. Ukunambitheka kumnandi ngomunyu omncane.
Uyazi? Ama-strawberries abhekwa njengama-berries kuphela aba imbewu yabo ekhula ngaphandle, hhayi ngaphakathi. Isithelo ngasinye sinesilinganiso sembewu encane engu-200.
Agrotechnics yokukhula nokunakekela ama-strawberries
Nakuba ukuhlakulela ukuhlukahluka kwePandora kudinga isineke nomzamo owengeziwe, le nqubo ngeke kube nzima kulabo abalimi abanolwazi. Sikulungiselele ulwazi oluwusizo mayelana nokuqinisekisa ukuthi ukutshalwa kwalezi zinhlobonhlobo ze-sitrobheli kungaletha injabulo ngisho nakwaqalayo ekulimeni.
Ukukhethwa kwezithombo
Izithombo zezitshalo ze-strawberry ezingenakulungiswa zingabhubhisa yonke imizamo yakho ekukhuliseni amajikijolo anambithekayo anomnandi. Ngaphambi kokuthenga amahlathi, ngaso sonke isikhathi hlola ngokucophelela ukubukeka kwawo - isitshalo kufanele sibe nokubukeka okunempilo, amaqabunga kanye nesimiso kumele kube khona ngaphandle kokulimala, futhi amaqabunga akufanele abe namabala nama-creases.
Nikeza inzuzo emathunzini, awakhula amaqabunga amathathu, - emva kokutshala lesi sitshalo emhlabathini, amaqabunga athile azosusa kuye amandla namandla okuthungwa, okuzokwenza kube lula ukukhula kwenqubo.
Inendima ebalulekile ibuye idlalwe yindawo yokuthenga izithombo - kungcono ukuthenga izihlahla zokutshala kusuka kubalimi abaqinisekisiwe noma ezindaweni ezikhethekile kanye nezizinda ezizalisayo. Ngakho uzoqiniseka kakhulu ukuthi uthola kahle uhlobo lwe-strawberries owakhokhele, futhi amathuba okuthi izinambuzane nezifo zingene engadini yakho kanye nomhlabathi cishe.
Funda ukuthi ungatshala kanjani ama-strawberries, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unamathebhu, noma ukhule ngaphansi kwendwangu yokumboza, indlela ongondla ngayo entwasahlobo nasekwindla, ukuthi ungayinakekela kanjani ngesikhathi sokukhazimula futhi emva kokulimala, ukuthi ungalungiselela kanjani ubusika.
Izimo zokuboshwa
Uma unquma ukukhulisa lezi zinhlobonhlobo zaseBrithani kulesi sakhiwo sakho, ke okokuqala kufanele ukhokhe ngokukhethekile ukukhetha indawo efanele yokutshala iPandora, futhi ulungise inhlabathi lapho izokhula khona.
Indawo kufanele ifakwe kahle, ngaphandle kwemidwebo, mhlawumbe ukhethe isiqondiso eseningizimu-ntshonalanga. Qinisekisa ukuthi izinga lokugeleza kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba alingaphasi kwe-1 m ukusuka ebusweni bomhlaba - ngale ndlela uqeda ukukhukhula kwezimpande, futhi ungagwema ukubonakala komswakama ngokweqile emhlabathini.
Ngaphambi kokutshala emhlabathini kufanele kube nomanyolo omningi ngokugqoka okwenziwe ngamaminerali noma okugqoka. Lo mthetho usebenza uma utshala zonke izinhlobo ze-strawberries engadini, kodwa uma kwenzeka "Pandora" - kungenjalo akufanele zihoxiswe. Ngaphandle kokulungiselela okwanele umhlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo, yonke imizamo yakho yokudla amajikijolo enambithekayo namnandi angaba yize.
Kubalulekile! Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho bayelulekwa ukuba baqaphele amaqabunga amahlumela ama-sitrobheli. Le nqubo iwusizo ngoba ayivumeli ukuthi amahlathi asebenzise amandla ekudleni amaqabunga engeziwe, kanti futhi ivikela kakhulu ukubonakala kokubola, njengoba ukukhanya kwelanga kuzothola isikhala sempande.
Umhlabathi nomanyolo
Ukwakhiwa kwenhlabathi kunomthelela omkhulu kwizinga lokuvunwa kwazo zonke izitshalo, kanti ama-strawberries awahlukile. I-medium enhle yokutshala ama-strawberries azo zonke izinhlobo yile nhlabathi ehlanzekile kahle ene-admixtures encane yeshlabathi nobumba, i-acidity kufanele ibe ngezinga elingathathi hlangothi - 6.5-7.0.
Ngokuphawulekayo ukusheshisa ukukhula kwama-strawberries nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuvuna kuzosiza ukwethulwa kwamakhomikhali e-organic and mineral. Ngama-fertilizer eziphilayo, kuphumelela kakhulu ukusebenzisa i-humus, noma umquba wezinkukhu. Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa lolu hlobo lomanyolo, kufanele luhlanjululwe ngamanzi, isilinganiso esilinganiselwe - 1 kuya ku-20.
Uma usebenzisa umanyolo wezinkukhu njengomanyolo, okokuqala udinga ukwenza ukukhipha, kuphela ukuwuhlanza ngamanzi
Izitshalo ezivame uketshezi zisetshenziswa entwasahlobo noma ngaphambi kokutshala endaweni entsha. Phakathi kokugqoka okwenziwe ngamaminerali, imifino eyinkimbinkimbi, ehlanganisa i-potassium, i-phosphorus ne-nitrogen, inenzuzo ethile kuma-strawberries asePandora. Ukwenza imifino enzima kangaka kusiza ukugcwalisa ama-strawberries ngezakhi ezidingekayo futhi wenze amajikijolo athole ukunambitheka okunamnandi nokucebile.
Ukugqoka okwenziwe ngamaminerali kuvamise kwenziwa emva kokuvuna. Emva kwenkathi ye-fruiting, izakhi eziqukethe umquba oluyinkimbinkimbi uzonikeza amandla okusilabhisi ukuze enze amaqabunga amasha nezimpande.
Funda indlela yokusebenzisa ingulube, ihhashi, inkomo, unogwaja, umquba wezimvu njengomanyolo.
Ukunisela nokuswakama
Uma ukuchelela imibhede ye-strawberry kuphumelela kakhulu kunciphisa ukuchelela, okufezwa ngokufaka uhlelo olwengeziwe lokunisela. Kodwa ukuchelela okujwayelekile kwesihlahla se-garden kungasiza futhi, into esemqoka: ungakhohlwa ukuthi izimpande ze-strawberry zitholakala eduze kakhulu emhlabathini, ngakho ukugeleza kwamanzi okunamandla kungabalimaza.
Ama-Strawberries ngesikhathi sezimbali kanye ne-fruiting kuzodinga ukuchelela okuhlelekile.
Ukuphuza okulodwa ngesonto kunele, futhi ngesikhathi esishisayo ikakhulukazi kanye kanye nezinsuku ezintathu. Uma ligcwele futhi lipholile ngaphandle kwefasitela, kungcono ukuhlehlisa ukuchelela ngosuku olulandelayo - ukungcola ngokweqile kungabangela izifo eziningi lapho izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zePandora zitholakala kalula.
Kodwa-ke, kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuthi uma kukhona ukushisa phakathi nenkathi ye-fruiting, ungakwazi ukuphuza kaningi kusihlwa
Isikhathi esihle kakhulu sokuthi "ukugeza" ama-strawberry ngosuku lwehlobo ekuseni. Lesi sikhathi esilungile ngoba ngaphambi kokuba amanzi aqhume ngaphansi kwelanga elikhanyayo elangeni, amahlumela ayoba nesikhathi sokubamba inani eliningi lomswakama.
Uyazi? Idolobha lasePlougastel, elisegwini laseFrance, linesakhiwo se-Strawberry Museum. Iqukethe umlando omude wokutshala la majikijolo. Leli dolobha liphinde lithinte i-Strawberry Festival yonyaka, edumile ngemincintiswano yayo yezingubo zokuqala zale berry ebomvu.
Uhlobo lokushisa
Ngokusho balimi abaningi abanolwazi, ezindaweni ezifudumele, izihlahla zasePandora zikhula kakhulu, kanti inqubo yokudubula iyancipha kunenkathi epholile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izithelo zilahlekelwa ukubukeka kwazo nokuhlobisa ngokushisa ezindaweni lapho kutholakala khona ukukhanya kwelanga. Ukwandisa ama-strawberries ekhwalithi ye-varietal angakhona ezindaweni ezinomsoco.
Ukuze uqonde ukuthi ngabe lezi zinhlobonhlobo zizokwazi ukuhlala emibhedeni yakho, kungenzeka ngonyaka wokuqala ukutshala inani elincane le "Pandora" ehlathini futhi ubuke ukukhula kwalo. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lezi zinhlobonhlobo azibekezeli ukukhanda. Ngenxa yokwakhiwa eside kwezinso, inqubo yokulungiselela isigaba sokuphumula ingahle ibambezeleke ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa. Abalimi abaningi baye bahlala behlala ehlathini lasePandora kusukela phakathi noNovemba.
Funda indlela yokuhlunga kahle amahlamvu kanye amadevu ama-strawberries.
Ukukhiqizwa nokutshala
Kunezindlela ezintathu zokuzalisa izinhlobo ze-strawberries "Pandora": usebenzisa imbewu, amahlumela amancane bese ehlukanisa isihlahla. Cabangela indlela ngayinye ngokuningiliziwe:
- Indlela yembewu. Hlwanyela imbewu iqala maphakathi noFebruwari. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuhluma kwembewu yePandora, kufanele ihlungwe ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela. Ukwenza lokhu, udinga ukubeka imbewu emgodini, uwamboze ngendwangu yoboya obomvu kotini bese uwashiya esiqandisini amaviki amabili. Ukushisa okufanelekayo kuka-2-5 ° C kuvame ukutholakala eminyangweni yokugcina imifino nemifino emisha noma emashalofini aphansi kunawo wonke esiqandisini.
Kanye ngosuku, vula imbewu ye-oksijeni, bese umanisa ukotini ngamanzi. Ngemuva kokuklanywa, imbewu yePandora isilungele ukutshala eziqukathi ezikhethekile noma izinkomishi ezivamile zepulasitiki. Beka imbewu ngokucophelela emkhatsini omncane komunye nomunye emgodini owenziwe ngomhlabathi olungiselelwe - awudingi ukuwacwaba, ungagxilisa kancane umdlalo.
Kusukela ngenhla isembozo se-polyethylene futhi sisezindaweni ezikhanyisiwe, kungcono ukuthi ungathathi ilanga elikhanyayo - imbewu ye-"Pandora" ingasuka, emva kwalokho ngeke ubone amahlumela esitsheni sakho. Ungenza amaphuzu ambalwa nge-toothpick ye-ventilation, kodwa kaningi i-microclimate enhle ifinyelelwa ngaphandle kwemigodi. Ukuphuza imbewu akudingekile - umswakama ovela enhlabathini uzohlala phezu kwe-polyethylene futhi iwabe phezu kwawo, ngaleyo ndlela ukuchelela izithombo zesikhathi esizayo.
Ngemva kwesikhashana, uzobona ukuthi izithombo zakho ziye zahluma futhi amaqabunga amancane aqala ukuvela - ulinde kuze kube yilapho abathathu babo bekhulile, bese baqala ukudonsa izithombo. Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukufaka izithombo zibe izimbiza ezihlukene. Ngezansi, faka amatshe, amagobolondo, ungqimba weshlabathi, futhi ugcwalise phezulu ngenhlabathi evundile.
Phakathi nendawo ebhodweni, yenza ukucindezeleka okuncane, ubeke kancane isihlahla esincane kuwo bese ufafaze umhlaba. Namanzi izithombo njengoba kudingeka futhi uzivikele ezikhathini. Kusukela ekupheleni kukaMashi, ungathatha amabhodwe emoyeni omusha ukuqina - isikhathi ngasinye ukwandisa ubude bokuhlala emoyeni ovulekile. Yenza kancane kancane ukuze ama-strawberries ajwayele ukupholisa. Ukuthuthwa kwezinhlobonhlobo zezithombo "Pandora" imibhede engadini ingahlelwa ukuphela kuka-Ephreli.
Ngenxa yenqubo enzima futhi engamukeleki kumafomu we-hybridi plant, ukukhiqizwa kwezitshalo ze-strawberry akuvamile ukusetshenziswa. - Ukuzala amahlumela amancane. Lena indlela elula kakhulu. Udinga nje ukulinda kuze kufike isihlahla "Pandora" sizokhulula amahlumela ohlangothini - izintuthwane - bese usimboza ngenani elincane lomhlabathi onomanzi.
Ngemva kwesikhashana, ihlumela lizogxila, futhi kuzodingeka ulibambe, futhi unqume amadevu okuxhuma esihlahleni esisha nehlathini lomama. Uzothola intaba encane egcwele "Pandora", ekulungele ukufakelwa kwenye indawo.
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-strawberry UMolling Pandora unikeza inqwaba yezintuthwane - Ukuhlukaniswa kwehlathi kuya izingxenye. Ngale ndlela, ungasakaza izitshalo ezindala ze-strawberries engadini, okwakhiqiza inani elikhulu lamahlumela namaqabunga. Kungenzeka ukwahlukana zibe izingxenye ekwindla ngemuva kokuba sitrobheli sesiphelile i-fruiting.
Kufanele ukhethe isihlahla esifanele futhi uhlukanise zibe izingxenye ezimbili noma ezintathu - phawula ukuthi esigabeni ngasinye kufanele okungenani kube namaqabunga amathathu aqinile nomsuka omude. Ngokushesha ngemva kokuhlukanisa, "Pandora" isilungele ukufika endaweni entsha - ukumba imbobo engajulile, ubeke isihlahla kuwo, ufefa ngokucophelela ngomhlaba uphinde uthele amanzi kuwo.
Ngenxa yenqubo enzima futhi engamukeleki kumafomu we-hybridi plant, ukukhiqizwa kwezitshalo ze-strawberry akuvamile ukusetshenziswa.
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-strawberry UMolling Pandora unikeza inqwaba yezintuthwane
Kubalulekile! Ama-Strawberries adinga ukuguquka okuvamile endaweni entsha njalo eminyakeni engu-3-4. Okuhle kunakho konke, izithelo zensimu zikhula kulezo zibhebhe lapho amazambane kanye namaqabunga ekhula khona.
Izinkinga ezikhulayo nezincomo
Ukukhulisa i-strawberry edijithali ehlukahlukene "Pandora", ulungiselele ukuthi ngaphambi kokuba udle izithelo ezimnandi, kuzodingeka unqobe ubunzima obuthile. Okubaluleke nakakhulu ukukhethwa kwezinhlobo zezitshalo ze-strawberry zokuvuthwa okuphakathi kwesikhathi sokuvota kwe-"Pandora". Lezi zinhlobonhlobo ze-hybrid zitholakale kahle ngezinhlobo ezilandelayo: "Vikat", "Sophie", "Florence". Batshala eduze nePandora, kanti izinyosi nomoya zizokwenza wonke umsebenzi.
Kumele futhi kuqashelwe isidingo sokuhlanganiswa kwemibhede ye-sitrobheli. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zitheleleke kalula ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zokubola ngenxa yokuthi amahlumela amancane awela emhlabathini ngaphansi kwesisindo samajikijolo avuthiwe. Ukuze ugweme ukutheleleka - udinga ukumboza isikhala ngaphansi kwehlathi ngokufaka ungqimba oluncane lwesitshalo noma i-sawdust.
Izinambuzane, izifo nokuvimbela
Kulezi zifo "sitrobheli", isikhumba se-powdery, ukuphahlazeka nokubola kuyingozi kakhulu ekuvuneni kwe "Pandora". Ukunciphisa amathuba okunciphisa lezi zifo ze-fungal kungaba ngosizo lwezinqubo zezolimo ezihleliwe ezisetshenziselwa ukutshala ama-strawberries.
Uma uqaphele izimpawu zokunqotshwa kwemibhede ye-sitrobheli nge-spores fungal, awukwazi ukukwenza ngaphandle kokuphalaza nge-fungicides. Ungakhohlwa ukuthatha izingxenye ezithintekayo zezitshalo. Ungaphinde ukhiphe ukwelashwa okuvimbela ngamakhemikhali - ngaphambi kokwakhiwa kwe-peduncles, kanye ngokushesha ngemva kokuphela kwe-fruiting ye-strawberries.
Izinambuzane nazo, aziphikisi ukunambitheka okumnandi "Pandora": i-aphid, isicabucabu, i-weevils - lezi yizitha eziyinhloko ezibeka ingozi ezinhlobonhlobo zethu. Ungabalwa nabo ngezindlela zokwelashwa zesistimu, isibonelo, u-Aktellik noma u-Aktara.
Ukunisela lapho kudingeka, imibhede ehlanganiswayo, ukufaka umanyolo ngesikhathi esifanele - lokhu kuyisethi yezinyathelo eziyokwandisa ukumelana "kwePandora" ezifweni nasezinambuzane.
Manje uyazi zonke izimfihlo ze-strawberries engadini ekhulayo yezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-Pandora. Ukuvuna okukhulu kanye nokunambitheka okukhulu kwamajikijolo owaqoqa ngokuqinisekile kuwufanele umzamo owenziwe ngokunamathela ku-agrotechnology yokulima kwawo.
Ividiyo: ama-strawberries akhula Pandora
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-strawberries engadini "Pandora": izibuyekezo
Futhi ngokulwa kwegrey rot elula kakhulu yokutshala nokukhishwa okuncane kwamacembe ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwamajikijolo ukuze uthole umoya omuhle wehlathi.
Kuphela ngaphandle kokushisekela okukhulu, futhi ukucabangela amahlamvu ehlathini - shiya ngokwanele ukuthola i-photosynthesis evamile.
Ukuphikisana kakhulu emikhawulweni.
Angazi kanjani ukuthi ubani - ngidla enye yezinto ezinhle kakhulu! Ngokumnandi, futhi.
Kuzuzisa ukukhula emthonjeni. Uma ezinye izinhlobo ezilahlayo zihamba, intengo iphakama. Futhi njengoba kukhona njalo okwanele ngokungaphenduki, kuthengiswa kahle kakhulu.
Kukhona idatha yokutshala izimboni eNtshonalanga (kufika ku-0.5 ha).
Isithombe 1 - isihlahla se-fruiting.
Izithombe zidala. Kule nkathi, ngithemba ukuthi nafotkat namanje
