Ngamunye wethu okungenani kanye empilweni yami wazama ama-strawberries engadini, okuthiwa yi-strawberries kuphela. Futhi ngokuqinisekile, ekujuleni komphefumulo wakhe, wonke umuntu wayeyophupha ngokukhuphula iberry eliyisimangaliso ensimini yakhe. Uma une okungenani insimu encane engadini, ungakwazi ngempela ukukhula ngokuzimela nolwazi oluncane namakhono okutshala ama-strawberries e-Irma ezihlukahlukene - ubuhle obuningizimu, obuhle namanzi obuhle.
Incazelo ehlukahlukene
Abalimi bezolimo nabalimi bayakwazisa i-Irma ngokuba nesisa nokuphunga. Kunzima ukuthola izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ezithandwayo ze-strawberries, ngoba izithelo zikhula ngokwanele futhi zikhiqize isivuno esikhulu, futhi ukuzinakekela akuncane kakhulu. 
Izinhlobonhlobo "i-Irma" zivela e-Italy, lapho abalimi ngo-1997 baphumelela khona bred a berry eseningizimu ehambisana nezindawo eziphakeme zezintaba. Ezingxenyeni zethu, ama-strawberries angavuthisa kokubili ezimweni ezishisayo nasezindaweni ezizungezile zase-Continental, enomunye umswakama.
Ama-Strawberries alezi zihlukahlukene yi-dessert.
Ezinye izinhlobo ze-strawberry zihlanganisa iNdlovukazi u-Elizabeth, uRoxana, Masha noMalvina.
Ukunambitheka kwamajikijolo ngobumnandi obuzwakalayo, kodwa hhayi ukugubha, kepha kuyinkimbinkimbi futhi kunemininingwane eminingi ngenxa yobunzima obungaqondakali. Ngokuqondene nesiphunga, izinhlobo ezithile ze-strawberries zensimu ziphunga kakhulu kune heroine yethu.
Kodwa lokhu akubalulekile kakhulu abalimi abakhetha amajikijolo amanzi, ayenamahloni, kodwa angenayo imifino e-Irma yokuzalanisa, ngoba ngisho nangenkathi yemvula abalahlekelwa ukunambitheka nokuqukethwe ushukela. Ukuze uqhathanise, i-classic "Albion" ethandwa kakhulu inikeza amajikijolo amnandi futhi angancani kakhulu.
Ukuqukethwe kwekhalori ephansi kuhumusha leli berry elimnandi libe yisigaba sokudla, kanye nekhono lokuthuthukisa imetabolism kwisigaba sokudla okunempilo kakhulu. Ngisho nezifo zesifo sikashukela azilimazi ukuziphatheka ngezikhathi ezithile ngama-strawberry amanzi, ngoba akhulisi amazinga kashukela egazini. 
Izici zamajikijolo nokuvunwa
Ngokuqondene nezithelo, njengoba sekushiwo kakade, zinkulu kakhulu - iberry elilodwa lingalinganisa 25-30 g noma ngaphezulu. I-dense, i-cone efana nekhala elikhomba, elibomvu elicebile.
Izinhlobonhlobo zibhekisela kuma-medium ekuqaleni, isivuno esiphezulu ngokuvamile sivela ekuvuneni kokuqala (ngoJuni), khona-ke ubhujwana buyingcosana futhi buphansi kakhulu emanzini (ngo-Agasti-Septemba). Izibhakabhaka zobukhulu obuphakathi nama-high stalks aphakeme. Abanini bezithelo nabo babhala ukufunda okuhle kakhulu.
Uyazi? Ezinhlobonhlobo ze-strawberry "i-Irma" iqukethe i-vitamin C eningi kakhulu, ukuthi amajikijolo ambalwa amakhulu akwanele ukugcwalisa izinga lansuku zonke lomzimba. Iqukethe i-antioxidants nezinye izakhi eziwusizo ezifana ne-iodine ne-zinc.
Inani eliphakeme kakhulu le-fruiting liwela ngonyaka wesibili wokutshala, khona-ke isivuno siyancipha futhi siyanyamalala. Ngakho-ke, labo abathintekayo kakhulu ekutshalweni kwe-strawberries, kufanele unakekele izithombo kusengaphambili futhi uvuselele ukutshala komnyaka wesithathu kakade. 
Uma ukhulisa i-berry ngokwakho ku-dacha, khona-ke ngokudla okunomsoco futhi umswakama izihlahla zizokhula kahle kuze kube yiminyaka emine.
Isihlahla se-Irma sithela izithelo lonke ihlobo, isivuno sithatha amanani amathathu noma amane. Njengoba kunikezwe isivuno saso esiphakeme (2 kg ehlathini ngokunakekelwa okujwayelekile), ukumelana nesithwathwa nesimo sezulu esomile, ama-strawberries alezi zihlukahlukene ahleleke ukudayiswa.
Ake sengeze lapha ukuthutha - ikhono lokungahambi ngesikhathi sokuhamba nokugcina isethulo.
Agrotechnics yokukhula nokunakekela ama-strawberries
Khulisa ama-strawberry ngezithombo. Izihlahla azishintshi kakhulu, ngakho ukufika kuqhutshwa ngokuqinile emibhedeni yobubanzi bemitha. 
Ukuphikisana nesomiso kubonakala ukuthi i-berry ayenzi ngisho naseningizimu yeJulayi emini futhi iyaqhubeka ikhula. Njengoba sinikeze isikhathi esincane sokuthungela kanye nokuchelela okuhle, kungenzeka ngisho nasezimo ezinjalo ukufeza isivuno esivame njalo.
Ukukhethwa kwezithombo
Kusukela ngoFebhuwari kuya ekuqaleni kukaMe ukulungiselela iziqukathi zezithombo. Zigcwalise ngenhlabathi (izingxenye ezimbili ze-sod ezweni ingxenye eyodwa ye-peat nesihlabathi) kanye nembewu yezitshalo. Ngaphambi kokuba banike amahlumela okuqala, izitsha kufanele zibe ngaphansi kwefilimu.
Umbuso wefilimu uphazanyiswa nsuku zonke isigamu sehora - izitshalo zidinga ukuphefumula. Ungakhohlwa mayelana nombuso wokushisa - okungenani yi-+18 ° C, kungaba okungaphezulu kakhulu, ngezansi - akunakwenzeka. Njengoba kubonakala amaqabunga amaningana, ama-saplings awela emithonjeni ehlukene. Izithombo, lapho ihlumela ngalinye selivele likhona amaqabunga amahlanu nokuningi, lilungele ukufakelwa emhlabathini ovulekile, endaweni ekhanyisiwe. 
Izimpande zezihlahla kumele zibe nokubukeka okunempilo futhi zibe namandla. Emthunzini, ama-strawberry azokhula futhi, kodwa amancane.
Izimo zokuboshwa
Iqiniso lokuthi lezi zinhlobonhlobo zilula-ezidinga futhi zingamelana nesimo sezulu esomile, sekushiwo ngaphambili. Kodwa konke kudinga ukulinganisela, ngakho-ke uma utshala ama-strawberries ngaphansi kwelanga elishisayo, khona-ke ulungele ukuchelela njalo nokuningi.
Ngokuvamile, "i-Irma" idinga umswakama kakhulu, futhi uma uhlela uhlelo lokunisela lokugcoba esiqhingini, luzoxazulula zonke izinkinga nge-strawberries.
Funda indlela yokwenza umquba wokugcoba kusuka ezintweni eziphathekayo, ukukhipha ukuchelela kwamabhodlela epulasitiki, indlela yokukhetha nokufaka itheyipula, nendlela yokunisela ama-strawberries lapho utshala, ukuthi udla kangaki ukutshala ama-strawberries.
Ngonyaka wokuqala wokutshala, kungcono ukunikela izihlahla ze-flower bese uziqeda ukuze zonke ama-juice azomele ukuqinisa uhlelo lwempande. Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho bahlale belulekwa ukuba bahlele ingxenye yokutshala kwe-fruiting, futhi ingxenye-ye-plant queen. Ngakho-ke, esimweni sokuqala, i-whiskers iphukile, okwesibili, ama-stalks ama-flower aphukile ngokuphelele. 
Ungakwazi ukukhulisa ama-strawberries ethu kuphela ensimini, kodwa futhi ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo, ngisho nasemaphaketheni.
Umhlabathi nomanyolo
I-Irma izophendula kokudla okuhle ngokuvunwa okuphezulu nokunambitheka okukhulu. Lapho ama-ovari wokuqala evela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, isihlahla ngasinye kufanele siphuze ngomanyolo we-nitrogen. I-Ash iyisimanyolo esihle kakhulu, idla ama-strawberries futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ivikela yona ezinambuzane.
Hlanganisa isikhathi sokutshala emhlabathini ngaphambi kokuhluma zibe izingxenye ezintathu futhi ngalesi sikhathi qiniseka ukuthi ukhulula phansi, ugcwalise nge-oxygen. Futhi, asikwazi ukukwenza ngaphandle kokukhipha isisindo nokususa amaqabunga abomvu.
Okubi kunabo bonke, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezitshalo ze-strawberry "i-Irma" ihluma enhlabathini enhlabathi nasenhlabathini. Futhi, akufanele utshale amahlathi emhlabathini we-alkali nenhlabathi ene-asidi ephezulu. Abanayo izakhi zokwanela zokukhula, futhi ama-rhizomes angabola kusuka kumswakama owedlulele. 
Umhlabathi onomswakama ufaneleke kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngoba ungakha isendlalelo esinjalo ngokubheka izinsalela ezitshaliwe ezitshalweni kusensimini yakho.
Kubalulekile! Inhlabathi ye-peat ithandwa ngabalimi abaningi, kodwa ungakhohlwa ukuthi ibuye ibe ne-asidi ephezulu. Kuyadingeka ngempela ukwengeza ufulawa wama dolomite, i-limestone noma i-sawdust ukuze unciphise lesi sibonakaliso.
Ukunisela nokuswakama
I-strawberry yalezi zinhlobonhlobo ithanda umswakama futhi ngaphandle kokuchelela okufanelekile ekushiseni kwehlobo kungaveza isivuno esincane. Ukuchelela njalo kunconywa phakathi nonyaka wonke we-fruiting. Uma uhlakaza izihlahla, umhlaba uzobamba umswakama isikhathi eside. 
Uhlobo lokushisa
Uma endaweni yasebusika yendawo yakho ingama-slushy futhi kuneqhwa elincane, ngeke kube yinto engafaneleki kwi-mulberry strawberry ngaphambi kokubusika (nge-humus, peat, agrofiber). Ngaphambi kokubanda kwasebusika, ukuchelela kunqanyuliwe, futhi izintshe namaqabunga awonakele zisusiwe.
Ukukhiqizwa nokutshala
Ukukhiqizwa kwalokhu okuhlukahlukene akubangeli ubunzima obukhethekile, ngoba amadevu akhule kakhulu. Kodwa ungakhohlwa ukuthi i-whiskers inikeza amahlumela aphakathi kweminyaka eyodwa kuya kwemibili ubudala, futhi ukukhiqiza kubanjwe izitolo ezimbalwa zokuqala.
Kubalulekile! Kakade unyaka wokuqala emva kokutshala, kufanele ucabange ngokuzalana, ngakho shiya ezinye izihlahla ezenziwe ngokukhethekile ekukhiqizeni izwebe.
Ukutshala kwenziwa ngokulandela uhlelo olujwayelekile: ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo akufanele lidlule u-30 cm, phakathi kwemigqa - 40 cm. Kungcono ukutshala entwasahlobo, kodwa kungenzeka ekupheleni kwehlobo. Ezindaweni eziseningizimu, ngezinye izikhathi zihlwanyelwe ukufika kuze kube ngo-Okthoba, kodwa kamuva akunakwenzeka, ngaphandle kwalokho isivuno siyancipha. 
Inketho ekahle kungaba ukulungiswa kokutshala inhlabathi kusengaphambili. Isibonelo, qala ukutshala indawo yokutshala okutshalwe yi-strawberries ngokudlwengula noma i-clover. Lezi zitshalo ziyocebisa umhlabathi nge nitrogen, kanti iberry elitshalwe ngemuva kwabo lizozizwa lihle kakhulu.
Ngaphambi kokutshala, umhlaba kufanele ukhululiwe futhi ukhula lukhula ukhula. Amakhomikhali e-Organic afakwa emgodini ngamunye.
Njengomanyolo ophilayo, ukusetshenziswa kwenziwa ngotshani, amathambo kanye nesidlo sezinhlanzi, amasondo obisi, amaqanda amaqanda, ikhasi le-anyanisi, inambuzane.
Ungazenza ngokwakho, isibonelo, uthathe u-10 kg we-compost nge-10 kg ye-chernozem, engeza ezinye ze-biohumus (cishe ngamalitha amabili) no-0.5 kg womlotha. Izimpande ziqondiswa ngokuqondile, ubukhulu obuhle kahle buyi-25 cm ubude, ububanzi nokujula.
Emva kokutshala, isihlahla ngasinye sinamanzi amaningi futhi sihlanganiswe ngezinkuni noma nge-coniferous sawdust.
Izinkinga ezinokwenzeka ekukhuleni
Ngaphandle kwenhlangano yokunisela, kanye nokusatshalaliswa okufanele kwehlathi lokukhiqiza izitshalo (izintuthwane), akufanele kube khona ubunzima obukhethekile no-Irma. Ukondla njalo nokudla okwesikhashana, ukuxubungula yizinto ezidingekayo ukuthola isivuno kusuka kunoma yisiphi isitshalo. 
Njengendlela yokuvimbela izifo ze-strawberry ekhuphukayo, okuyizinto ezihlukahlukene ezikuzo (okungukuthi, inikeza isitshalo emagagasi, izikhathi eziningana ngezikhathi ezithile), kubalulekile ukhethe amahlumela okusimeme okutshala ngokushesha.
Izinambuzane, izifo nokuvimbela
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo ziphikisana kakhulu nezifo ze-fungal nokubola, kodwa i-alternaria ingaba yinkinga. Lesi sifo sibangelwa ukukhunta isikhunta, amaqabunga esihlahla ahlanganiswe nezindawo ezimnyama noma ezimnyama, kanti impova iba yingozi kwi-asthmatics.
Izinyathelo ezilandelayo zizothathwa ukuvimbela lesi sifo:
- I-autumn inxusa (okungenani isigamu semitha ejulile);
- ukufafaza nge-fungicide ngesikhathi sokuqala kokulimala kwesitshalo;
- ukuhlola njalo futhi ngokugcwele izithelo nokususwa kwe-fungus ethintekile.
Umanyolo we-ash uzoba ukuvimbela okuhle kakhulu ezilwanyana ezibulala izinambuzane.
Uyazi? Kusuka kuzivakashi ezingenakubalwa ezinamapayipi ezifuna ukujabulela isivuno sakho, kunendlela ehlekisayo yokuqapha - ukuhlela amabhola obomvu emibhedeni. Njengoba engaphumeleli kahle ngilazi ingilazi, izinyoni aziqapheli ukuthinta amajikijolo avuthiwe.
Ungakhohlwa ukuthi amagilebhisi, i-sea buckthorn, i-apula, iris noma i-nasturtium kuyoba umakhelwane omuhle we-strawberries ethu. Futhi uma ama-legumes, u-garlic noma u-anyanisi bekhula phambi kwe-strawberries, khona-ke izimo ziphelele ngokuphelele.
I-strawberries ekhulayo yindlela yokudala. Uma ukhetha ngokuphumelelayo okuhlukahlukene ongayenza, khona-ke ungakwazi ukufeza imiphumela ephawulekayo futhi ucabange ngokuhweba komsebenzi wakho. 
"Irma" kulokhu kungenye yezindlela ezamukelekayo kakhulu, ngoba ungaqala ukuyikhuphula nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, futhi isivuno kanye nokunambitheka okukhulu kuyoba umvuzo omuhle kakhulu ngisho nasensimu engenalwazi.
